Current Electricity *1) 0.02 V/cm 2) 0.

01 V/cm
1. Consider four conducting materials copper, 3) 0.03 V/cm 4) 0.04 V/cm
tungsten, mercury and aluminium with Sol. Potential gradient = Fall of potential per unit
resistivity C , T ,  M and A , respectively. 1.02 V
length   0.02 V / cm
Then 51 cm
1)  A   T  C 2)  A   M  C 4. A battery of 3.0 V is connected to a resistor
dissipating 0.5 W of power. If the terminal
3) C  A  T *4)  M   A  C
voltage of battery is 2.5V, the power
Sol. Aluminium is more resistive than copper and dissipated within the internal resistance is
mercury is most resistive of all 1) 0.072 W 2) 0.125 W
2. An ideal cell of emf 10 v is connected in 3) 0.50 W *4) 0.10 W
circuit shown in figure. Each resistance is Sol. V  E  ir  2.5  3  ir  ir  0.5
2 . The potential difference (in V) across the
capacitor when it is fully charged is…..

V = IR = 2.5V
ir 0.5 r 1
Sol. When capacitor is fully charged, circuit is   
reduced to as shown below. IR 2.5 R 5
2
P ir P r P 1
Now, r  2  r   r 
PR I R 0.5 R 0.5 5
 Pr  0.1W  0.10W
5. Four resistances 40 , 60 ,90 and110 
make the arms of a quadrilateral ABCD.
Across AC is a battery of emf 40 V and
So,
internal resistance negligible. The potential
difference across BD (in volt) is…

4 10
Total resistance is R eq  2 
3 3 Key: 2V
v 10 6. The value of current i1 following from A to C
Current in circuit, I    3A
R eq 10 / 3 at the circuit diagram is
Hence, potential difference across capacitor =
potential difference across AEB
3
 2i / 3  2  i  2   2  3  8V
3
3. a potentiometer wire PQ of 1 m length is
connected to a standard cell E1. Another cell
E2 of emf 1.02 V is connected with a
resistance and switch S (as shown in figure). *1) 1A 2) 5 A
with switch S open, the null position is 3) 2 A 4) 4 A
obtained a distance of 49 cm from Q. The 7. The V – I graph for a good conductor makes
potential gradient in the potentiometer wire is angle 40 with V – axis. Here, V denotes
voltage and i denotes current. The resistance
of the conductor will be
(1) sin 40 (2) cos 40
(3) tan 40 *(4) cot 40
 20
8. The current I1 (in ampere) flowing through i Equating, R  30
30R
1 resistor in the following circuit is 25 
30  R
12. In the given circuit diagram, a wire is joining
points B and D. The current in this wire is

1) 0.25 2) 0.4
3) 0.5 *4) 0.2
9. In a building, there are 15 bulbs of 45 W, 15
1) 0.4 A 2) Zero
bulbs of 100 W, 15 small fans of 10 W and 2
*3) 2A 4) 4A
heaters of 1 kW. The voltage of electric
maintains 220V. The minimum fuse capacity Sol. R eq  1 || 4    2 || 3 
(rate value) of the building will be  1 4   2  3  4 6 10
1) 25 A 2) 10 A         2
 1 4   2  3  5 5 5
*3) 20 A 4) 15 A
Sol. Power of 15 bulbs (each of 45 W)
P1  15  45  675W ,
Power of 15 bulbs (each of 100 W)
P2  15 100  1500W
Power of 15 bulbs (each of 10 W)
P3  15  10  150W
Power of 2 heaters (each of 1 kW)
V 20V I 10
P4  2 1000  2000W I   10A  IBD    2A
Total power usage of building,\ R eq 2 5 5
P  P1  P2  P3  P4  4325W 13. A 200  resistor has a certain colour code. If
P 4325 one replaces the red colour by green in the
I   19.66A code, the new resistance will be
V 220
1) 100 2) 400 
 Minimum fuse capacity required is 20 A
10. Four resistances of 15 ,12 , 4  and10  3) 300 *4) 500
respectively in cyclic order to form Sol. Given, resistance is 200  20 101 
Wheatstone’s network. The resistance that is So, colour scheme will be red and brown.
to be connected in parallel with the resistance Significant figure of red band is 2 and for
of 10 to balance the network is……  green is 5. When red (2) is replaced with
Key: 10 green (5), now resistance will be
11. The series combination of two batteries, both
of the same emf 10 V, but different internal
resistance of 20  and 5  is connected to the
200 ohm  500 ohm
parallel combination of two resistors 14. For the circuit shown with R1  10, R 2 20
30 and R . The voltage difference across
E1  2V and E 2  E3  4V ,the potential
the battery of internal resistance 20  is zero,
difference between the points a and b is
the value of R  in   is….. approximately (in volt)
1
Sol. E1  ir1  0 10  i  20  0  i  0.5A
2

1) 2.7 2) 2.3
3) 3.7 *4) 3.3
 E1 E 2 E3 5 11 13 11
  1) L 2) L *3) L 4) L
Ieq r1 r2 r3 12 12 24 24
Sol. Vab  E eq   20. A 2W carbon resistor is color coded with
req 1 1 1
  green, black, red and brown respectively. The
r1 r2 r3
maximum current which can be passed
through this resistor is
1) 0.4 mA 2) 63 mA
*3) 20 mA 4) 100 mA
2
Sol. R  50  10 
2 4 4 P 2
  i  2
 20 10 3 A  20mA
10 R 50  10
 2 2 2  V  3.3V
1 1 1 3 21. In the given circuit, the cells have zero
 
2 2 2 internal resistance. The currents (in Ampere)
15. A cell of internal resistance ‘r’ drives current passing through resistances R1 and R 2
through an external resistance R. The power respectively are
delivered by the cell to the external resistance
will be maximum when
1) R = 2r *2) R = r
3) R = 0.001 r 4) R = 1000 r
16. A metal wire of resistance 3 is elongated to
make a uniform wire of double its previous *1) 0.5, 0 2) 1,2
length. This new wire is now bent and the 3) 2,2 4) 0, 1
ends joined to make a circle. If two points on 22. The Wheatstone bridge shown in figure here,
this circle make an angle 600 at the center, the gets balanced when the carbon resistor is used
equivalent resistance between these two as R1 has the color code (orange, red, brown).
points be The resistors R 2 and R 4 are 80  and 40 ,
7 5 12 5
1)  2)  3)  *4)  respectively. Assuming that the color code for
2 2 5 3 the carbon resistors gives their accurate
17. A copper wire is stretched to make is 0.5% values, the color code for the carbon resistor
longer. The percentage change in its electrical is used as R 3 would be
resistance, if its volume remains unchanged is
1) 2.0% *2) 1.0%
3) 0.5% 4) 2.5%
18. A resistance is shown in the figure. Its value
and tolerance are given respectively by

1) brown, blue, black*2) brown, blue, brown

3) grey, black, brown 4) red, green, brow
1) 270,5% 2) 27, 20% Sol. R1  32  10  320
*3) 27,10% 4) 270,10% R1 R 3 R 40  320
  R3  R4  1  R3 
19. A potentiometer wire AB having length L and R2 R4 R2 80
resistance 12r is joined to a cell D of EMF
 and internal resistance r. A cell C having

emf and internal resistance 3r is connected. or R 3  160  16  101
2
23. Two equal resistance when connected in
The length AJ at which the galvanometer as
series to a battery consume electric power of
shown in figure shows no deflection is
60 W. If these resistances are now connected
in parallel combination to the same battery,
the electric power consumed will be
1) 60 W 2) 30 W
*3) 240 W 4) 120 W
24. In the experimental set up of meter bridge density in the wire is 8 1028 m 3 the resistivity
shown in the figure, the null point is obtained of the material is close to
at a distance of 40 cm from A. If a 10 1) 1.6 108 m 2) 1.6 107 m
resistor is connected in series with R1 , the 3) 1.6 106 m *4) 1.6 105 m
null point shifts by 10cm. V
Sol. I  nevd A   nevd A 
R
V V
 nev d A or  nevd
L L
A
V 5
  
The resistance that should be connected in nevd L 810 1610 2.5104 0.1
28 19

parallel with  R 1  10   such that the null or   1.6  105 m

point shifts back to its initial positon is 28. A copper wire of radius 0.1 mm and
*1) 60 2) 20  resistance 2 k is connected across a power
3) 30 4) 40  supply of 40 V. The number of electrons
R 1 40 2 R 1  10 50 transferred per second between the supply and
Sol.   and  the wire at one end is
R 2 60 3 R2 100  50 
1) 2.00 1016 *2) 1.25 1017
or R1  10  R 2 .....  ii 
3) 2.85 1017 4) 3.25 1018
R1 2 V 40
or  Sol. 1    2  102 A
10  R 1 3 R 2  103
 3R 1  20  2R 1 or R 1  20  Charge flowing per second
 R 2  30  q  It  2  102 1  2  102 C
Now,Then equivalent resistance is  Number of electrons transferred,
x  R1  10  q 2 102
or x  60  n  19
 1.25  1017 electrons
x  R 1  100 e 1.6 10
25. In the below circuit, the current in each 29. The wire of potentiometer has resistance 4
resistance is and length 1m. It is connected to a cell of emf
2V and internal resistance 1 . The current
flowing through the potentiometer wire is
1) 0.1A 2) 0.2A
*3) 0.4 A 4) 0.8 A
E 2 2
Sol. I     0.4A
R  r 4 1 5
1) 0.25A 2) 0.5 A 30. In given figure, an ammeter reads 5A and
*3) 0 A 4) 1 a voltmeter reads 40 V. The actual value of
26. The temperature dependence of resistance of resistance R is
Cu and undoped Si in the temperature range
300-400K, is best described by
1) linear increase for Cu, linear increase for Si
for Si
2) Linear increase for Cu, exponential 1) 8 *2) Greater than 8
increase for Si 3) Less than 8 4) 200 
*3) Linear increase for cu, exponential Sol. Current in ammeter, I = 5A
decrease for Si
4) Linear decrease for Cu, linear decrease for
Si
27. when 5V potential difference is applied across
a wire of length 0.1m, the drift speed of 40  40 
I1  5   5  I1  
electrons is 2.5 104 ms 1 . If the electron R  R
 8  R  R  8
31. The external diameter of 5m long hollow tube is (Cell in the primary is ideal and no series
is 0.1 m and thickness of its wall is 0.005 m. resistance is present in the primary circuit.)
If   1.7  108   m , then its resistance will 2   4
1) *2) 3) 4)
be 3 2 6 3
*1) 5.7 108  2) 2.7 105  V  V V 
Sol. .  . '    ' 
3) 2 105  4) 5 105   3  3 2

d 0.1 2
Sol. External radius, r1  1   0.05m n
2 2 35. n identical resistance are taken in which
Thickness, t = 0.005 m 2
 Internal radius, r2  r1  t resistors are joined in series in the left gap and
 0.05  0.005  0.045m n
the remaining resistances are joined in
 Area of cross-section of hollow tube, 2
2 2
A    r12  r22   3.14  0.05    0.045   parallel in the right gap of a metre bridge.
  Balancing length in cm is
4 4
 3.14  4.75 10  14.915 10 n2 n2
1 5 *1) 100. 2 2) 100. 2
R  .  1.7  108  n 4 n 1
A 1.49  103 1 1
3) 400. 2 4) 400. 2
 5.7 105  n 4 n 1
32. Potential difference between the points P and R1n
Q in the circuit shown is
2      100n
2
Sol.
2R 1 100   n2  4
n
36. Electrical energy costs 25 paisa per kilowatt
hour. Assuming that no energy is wasted, the
cost of heating 4.6 kg of water from 250C to
the boiling point is
1) 25 paisa 2) 50 paisa
1) 4.5 V 2) 1.2 V 3) 20 paisa *4) 10 paisa
3) 2.4 V *4) 2.88 V Sol. Q  4.6  4200  75
1 1 1 1 48 Number of units = 0.4 unit
Sol.     R PQ 
R PQ 8 3 16 25 1kWh  3.6 106 J 
48 Total Cost  25  0.4  10 paisa
VPQ  I.R PQ  1.5   2.88V
25 37. Two cells P and Q each emf 2.16 V are
33. In the given circuit, the electric currents connected in series with a resistor of 19.6 .
through 15 and 6 , respectively are An ideal voltmeter reads 2V, when connected
across the cell P and 1.92 v when connected
across the cell Q. The ratio of the internal
resistances of the cell P and Q is

*1) 0 A, 0.5A 2) 0 A, 1 A
3) 0.5 A, 1 A 4) 1 A, 0 A
Sol. Applying KVL, current through 15 is 0 but
through 6 is 0.5A 1) 1 : 2 *2) 2 : 3
3) 3 : 4 4) 1 : 3
34. The length of a potentiometer wires is  . A
4.32
 Sol. Current in circuit, I 
cell of emf E is balanced at a length   r1  r2  19.6
3
4.32r1
from positive end of the wire. If the length of For P, 2 = 216 
 r1  r2  19.6
the wire is increased   , the distance at 432r1
2 and For Q, 1.92  216 
which the same cell gives the balancing point r1  r2  19.6
 432r1 *3) 4.5 4) 5.0
0.16  .....  i 
r1  r2  19.6 3 
Sol.   25cm
432r1 9 100  
and, 0.24  .....  ii  3 50
r1  r2  19.6   S  4.5
S 50
r1 : r2  2 : 3
9S
38. In the circuit shown in figure, power
42. A conductor of length 100 cm and area of
developed across 1 , 2  and 3  resistances
cross-section 1 mm2 carries a current of 5A. If
are in the ratio. the resistivity of the material of the conductor
is 3.0 108   m , then the electric field
across the conductor is
*1) 0.15 V/m 2) 0.015 V/m
1) 1 : 2 : 3 *2) 4 : 2 : 27 3) 1.5 V/m 4) 0.0015 V/m
3) 6 : 4 : 9 4) 2 : 1 : 27 E
Sol. Current density J 
Sol. Current distribution is as shown in figure 
I 5  3 10 8
E  J.  .   0.15V / m
A 1106
43. A cylindrical wire P has resistance 10 . A
4 2 second wire Q has length and diameter half
P1  I12 R1  i 2 , P2  I22 R 2  i 2 that of P. If the material of both the wires is
9 9
same, then resistance of wire Q is
27
and P3  I32 R 3  3i 2  i 2 1) 10 *2) 20 
9
5
 P1 : P2 : P3 :: 4 : 2 : 27 3) 5 4) 
2
39. The resistance in following circuit are  
R1  R 2  R 3  6.0  . The emf of the battery  .   1
Sol. Resistance of Q 2  4 2
is 12V. When switch S is closed, the potential    2  
Resistance of P    d  2   2 1 2 1
across resistance R1 is changed by an amount     d
 4 2  4 4
 Resistance of Q = Resistance of P  2
 10  2  20
44. The total current supplied to the flowing
circuit by the battery is
*1) -2V 2) + 2V
3) – 4V 4) + 4 V
3
Sol. V1  6V and V2  12    4V
9
V1'  V2  4  6  2V *1) 4A 2) 2A
40. There are four bulbs of power 100W, 200W 3) 1A 4) 6A
500W and 1000W. Among these whose 45. Four 4 resistors are connected together
filament has high resistance? (Assuming, along the edges of a square. A 12V battery
same voltage source) with internal resistance of 2 is connected
*1) 100 W bulb 2) 200 W bulb across a pair of the diagonally opposite
3) 500 W bulb 4) 1000 W bulb corners of the square. The power dissipated in
2
V 1 the circuit is
Sol. P  R .
R P *1) 36 W 2) 192 W
41. In a meter bridge two gaps in the metallic 3) 24 4) 48 W
strip are connected by 3 and 9 resistors. 46. In a meter bridge the resistance R and S are
What should be the value of shunt that needs such that the null point is found at a distance
to be added to 9 resistor to Shift-balancing of 40 cm from one end. If a resistance of 10
point by 25 cm? is connected in parallel with S, then the null
1) 3.0 2) 3.5 point occurs at 90 cm from the same end. The
 values of the two resistances R and S 3) 12 A 4) 14 A
respectively are nQ 0.1  6  10  1.6  1019
23

1) 2.5 , 3.5 2) 3.5 , 2.5 Sol. I    4A

t 2400
*3) 83.3 ,125 4) 2.5 ,1.5 50. Find the potential difference between a and b,
R 40 2 3R as shown in the below circuit.
Sol.   S .....  i 
S 60 3 2
R 90 R 10  S  90
   9
 10S  10 10S 10
 
 10  S 
R 10  S  90S
1) 165 V 2( 198 V
On putting the value of S from E. (i), we get
*3) 213 V 4) 224 V
 3R  3R 3R 51. For the circuit shown in the figure, calculate
R  10    90   10   135
 2  2 2 the resistance between the points A and B.
3R 250
 125  R    83.33
2 3
Put this value into Eq. (i), to get
3 250
S   125 1) 0.5 R *2) R
2 3
47. Find the equivalent resistance between point 6
3) 15R 4) R
A and B in the following circuit. (The 5
resistance of each resistor is R) 52. Calculate the voltage across AB terminals in
the given circuit.

34 45
*1) R 2) R 3 8 3 2
55 77 1) V *2) V 3) V 4) V
3 5 8 3 2 3
3) R 4) R E1r2  E2 r1
5 3 Sol. I  and V  IR
48. Identify the correct statement among the r1 r2  R(r1  r2 )
following 8 8 8
1) Resistivity of metals decreases with IAB  A and V   10  V
30 30 3
temperature because more electrons are 53. When subject to a voltage of 10 V, the current
available for conduction through a resistor at a temperature 400C is
2) Resistivity of metals increases with 0.1A. The temperature coefficient of
temperature because number of electrons resistance of the material of the resistor is
decreases
2 104 C . The temperature of the resistor in
*3) Resistivity of metals increases with
temperature because number of collisions   2  104 0 C 1 . when the current drops to
between electrons increases 0.098A is
4) Resistivity of metals decreases with *1) 142 2) 167 3) 181 4) 206
temperature because superconductivity sets is R2  R1
Sol.  
m 1 R1t2  R2 t1
Sol.   2  
ne   10 10
So, on  decreases, resistivity ‘s’ increases. R1   100  and R 2   102.04
0.1 0.098
49. Estimate the magnitude of current that passes R R 102.4 100
through a wire, if 0.1 mol of electrons flow   2 1 2 104 
through it in 40 min. (Assume Avagadro’s R1t2  R2t1 100  t2 102.4  40
number  6.0  1023 )  t 2  1420 C
*1) 4 A 2) 9 A
54. A battery with internal resistance of 4 is *3) 7 4) 9
connected to a circuit consisting three Sol. Resistance of cylinder per unit length is
resistances, R, 2R and 4R (see following dR x

x


figure). If the power generated in the circuit is      dR     .dx

dx I L
highest, then the magnitude of R must be
So, total resistance of cylinder,
L L L
   x 1 
R   dR    .x  dx    
0 0
L L    1 0
L1 L
 

1) 4 *2) 7 L    1   1
3) 10 4) 14
V2
1 1 1 1 4R Power generated, P   20
Sol.    or R eq  R
R eq R 2R 4R 7
25
For maximum power,   20
 L 
4R  
R eq  r   4 R  7    1 
7
L 5 10 5
55. A 500 resistor connected to an external     7
 1 4  1 4
battery is placed inside a thermally insulated
57. The emfs of three cells connected in parallel
cylinder fitted with a frictionless piston. The
are E1 =5V, E2 =8V and E3=10V and their
cylinder contains an ideal gas. A current ‘I’ of
200 mA flows through the resistor as shown internal resistances are R1  1, R 2 2 and
in the figure. The mass of the piston is 10 kg. R 3  3 , respectively. By changing E2 to
Assuming g = 10 m/s2. The speed at which E3N, the equivalent emf is doubled, then E3N
the piston will move upward, due to heat in V is
dissipated by the resistor, so that the 1) 12 2) 34
temperature of the gas remains unchanged is *3) 47 4) 82
E eq E1 E 2 E 3
Sol.   
req r1 r2 r3
E eq 5 8 10 37
    volt......  i 
req 1 2 3 3
1) 10 cm/s 2) 15 cm/s When E3 is replaced by E3N, equivalent emf
*3) 20 cm/s 4) 30 cm/s gets doubled, so new equation
Sol. As, temperature of gas remains constant, heat
2E eq 5 8 E3N 27  E 3N
supplied by resistance = piston work    
F req 1 2 3 3
 i 2 Rt  p  V  i 2 Rt   A  x
A E eq 27  E 3N
2 or  .....  ii 
i R x req 6
   velocity of piston
F t From Eqs (i) and (ii), we get
3 2 27  E 3N 37
 Vpiston 
 200 10   500
 20 cms1
 
6 3
10 10
56. A cylindrical shape resistance is connected to  27  E 3  74  E3N  47V
a battery with emf 5V. The resistance per unit 58. The current in a wire varies with time
 according to the equation i  4  2 t , where i
x
length varies as   x    0   , where 0 is in ampere and t is in second. The quantity
L
of charge which passes through a cross –
and  are constants and x is the distance
section of the wire during the time t = 2s to t =
from one end of the resistor. The magnitude
6s is
of product 0 L is 10 , where L is the length (1) 40 C *(2) 48 C
of the resistor. If the thermal power generated (3) 38 C (4) 43 C
by the resistor is 20W, then the value of  is
1) 3 2) 5
59. When no electric field is present
I. When no electric field is present, the
electrons will be moving due to thermal
motion during which they collide with the
fixed ions
II. An electron colliding with an ion 1) + 2V 2) – 2V
emerges with the same speed as before the 3) – 1 V *4) + 1 V
collision. However the direction of its
velocity after the collision is completely
random
III. At a given time, there is no preferential
direction for the velocities of the electrons.
Thus, on the average, the number of electrons
travelling any direction will be equal to the
number of electrons travelling in the opposite
direction. So, there will be no net electric
current
(1) I and II are correct
(2) II and III are correct
(3) I and III are correct
*(4) I, II and III are correct
60. Inside solid conductor, with electric field E,
Average velocity of N – electrons at any time
t is
eE eE
(1) Vd   *(2) Vd  
m m
2eE 2eE
(3) Vd    (4) Vd  
m m
61. The sequence of bands marked on a carbon
resistor is brown, black, brown, gold. What is
the value of the resistance ? Also, give the
tolerance
(1) 101   5% *(2) 100   5%
(3) 110   5% (4) 120   5%
62. Two different conductors have same
resistance at 0C . It is found that the
resistance of the first conductor at t1C is
equal to the resistance of the second
conductor at t 2 C . The ratio of temperature
coefficients of resistance of the conductors,
1
is
2
t1 t 2  t1
(1) (2)
t2 t2
t 2  t1 t
(3) *(4) 2
t1 t1
63. In the given circuit, currents in different
branches and value of one resistor are shown.
Then potential at point B with respect to the
point A is