For sulphate in lead acetate test white ppt is soluble in hot
Department of chemistry
Instructions for board practical examination
1) For titration;
 Try to complete the titration within 40 min.
 Write titration part within 10 min. and get signature. ( follow
titration chart given)
 First trial you carry out slowly and steadily.
 Second & third trials you carry out bit fast. ( Ex; if 1st reading is 10.2
mL then for 2nd & 3rd reading add soln fast up to 9 mL and then
slowly)
 Try to get concordant (same) readings. (remember only 0.2mL
difference among 3 readings are allowed)
 Show each reading with conical flask and get signature.
 Clean the burette and conical flask after completing the lab
experiments.
2) Salt analysis
 Learn inorganic salt analysis chart compulsory.
 Remember the combinations of cation and anion compulsory
Ex: If CO32- ion is present means given salt may be ZnCO3 or CaCO3 or
MgCO3
If Cl- ion is present means given salt may be NH4Cl or BaCl2 or SrCl2
If Br- ion is present means given salt may be NH4Br
If NO3- ion is present means given salt may be Ba(NO3)2 or Sr(NO3)2
If SO42- ion is present means given salt may be Al2(SO4)3 or ZnSO4 or
MgSO4
 If salt is amorphous then it is insoluble in water but soluble in dil HCl.
 If salt is crystalline then soluble in water. ( note; Add excess water and
check solubility with shaking)
 If chloride and bromide are absent then compulsory check test for
nitrate by adding copper metal and strong heating.
 Compulsory mention solubility of precipitate in test.
For example in silver nitrate test for chloride ion curdy white ppt
formed is soluble in NH4OH.
For sulphate in barium chloride test white ppt is insoluble in dil HCl
ammonium acetate. (add one drop ppt to hot ammonium acetate)
 For NH4+ ion test add dil NaOH and shake vigorously or heat.
 Differentiation test i.e. CaSO4 test for Ba2+, Sr2+ and Ca2+ in 5th group
should be mentioned.
 Absence of previous groups should be mentioned. i.e. for ex; If
chloride is present then absence of carbonate should be mentioned.
If sulphate is present then absence of carbonate, chloride, bromide
and nitrate should be mentioned. If 5th group basic radical present
then absence of zero, 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th group should be mentioned.
etc
 When salt is crystalline you can do flame test directly by taking salt in
spatula.
 When salt is amorphous dissolve salt in concentrated HCl and take it
in spatula and hold to flame.
 If you get nitrate then basic radical can be detected easily by flame
test. (if Crimson red means strontium if Apple green means Barium)
 If you get chloride then basic radical can be detected easily by flame
test. (if Crimson red means strontium, if apple green means barium
no characteristic color means ammonium)
 If salt is amorphous then salt solution should be prepared in dil HCl.
3) Viva
 Study compulsory both pages in organic functional group analysis
chart given.
 Study what is functional group?
4) Lab exam will be conducted in the same manner as that of mock test. Be
confident.
5) Compulsory bring Hall ticket, certified and duly signed journal (record)
book.
6) Be present in college one hour before commencement of lab.
7) Exchange of batch is not allowed.
********* ALL THE BEST *********