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1

�得可�2�式上入代
4.1
�c � p 式系关的 � 和 p 中目题将
�2� hdg � � � pd
�得可式上由
�积面力受为 S �
�1� Sp � hdSg� � S ) pd � p (
�析分力受行进层薄气空的厚 hd 处米 h 上面平海对�准基为面平海取�一法�
�解
4- 1
gH m m 7.037 � a P 50479 �
0 6. 0 � 1 8 . 9 � 3 0 1 � 8 0 0. 0 � 1 8 . 9 � 0 0 6 3 1 � 8 85 2 . 0 � 7 7 . 0 � 1 8. 9 � 0 0 63 1 � 3. 3 3 1 � 3 6 7 �
O2 Hh � g � O2 H � � vh � g � gH � � 51 nis � ch � g � gH � � 1P � P �解

3-1
g H m m 7 . 78 7 � a P 5 0 1 � 9 9 4. 1 �
51.0 �18.9 � 009 - 45.0 �18.9 � 5001 � 01 �10.1 = EP 5
有据数入代
lh � g � l � � mh � g � O 2 H � � 0P = EP 由�解
2 -1
068
m910.21 � mm91021 � 067 � � 钠体液h
3
01� 6.31
987
m1.31 � mm00131 � 067 � � 精酒h 理同
01� 6.31 3

3
01 �
m633.01 � mm63301 � 067 � � gH
� 水h 有故
3
01 � 6.31 h � gH �

h � g � 水� � gHh � g � gH � 式公用接直�二法�
18.9 � 068 钠体液
m800.21 � � h �钠体液于对
067 � 3.331
18.9 � 987 精酒
m980.31 � � h �精酒于对
067 � 3.331
18.9 � 301
m 723.01 � � O2 Hh �水于对
067 � 3.331
g� g�
� � h 有故
067 � 3.331 P
aP 067 � 3.331 � gHmm067 � mta1 �为义定压气大理物
hg � � P �01-1�式照按�一法�
�解
1 -1
章一第
珊胡�教助 �敏晓吴�师教课任
)1.0102- 9.9002( 示提 要简及 解详题 习 材 教》学 力热程 工《
2
�得故�系关性线为标温氏摄与标温该意题由
c o / t 为标温氏摄� wen / t 为标温该设�解
8- 1
。N 01x85.1 为力
4
受面顶筒圆�aPk091 为数读 C 表�aPk291 为力压室 II�aPk263 为力压室 I�aPk999.1 为力压室空真�得
。力压柱银水示表 �P �力压气大示表 bP �力压室空真示表 vP �明说
N 01 � 85.1 � 522.0 � � � � 301 � 2 � 501 � 310.1� � S � � vP � BP � � F
4 2
�力压的室空真虑考要需时此�
�力的受所面顶筒圆�3�
aPk091 � 999.1 � 291 � vP � ��P � cP
�2�
aPk291 � 071 � 263 � BP � �P � ��P
aPk263 � 999.1 � 063 � vP � AP � �P
aPk999.1 � gHmm51 � 547 � 067 � �P � bP � vP
�1�
�解
7- 1
aPk9.03 � gHmm232 � 015 � 247 � vP � bP � 口气进P �解
6-1
aP3.6041 � gHmm11 � 057 � 167 � vP � bP � dcP �解
5- 1
�。意题解理有没于源算计行进数常为度密照按学同名几有另�因原的析分力受行进真认有没是�掉
丢号负把学同分部有�。出得导推析分衡平力受行进气大的层薄元微个一取选过通可式该。算计行进分积
h dg � � � p d
用应该应�数常个一是ρ度密为认能不�下况情的大较差相度高在�示提 tpp 中件课意注�示提
�内差偏算计定一在果结求要�
1 8. 9 � 4. 0 g 4.0
m 7065 � ) 4.09017.0 � 4.0 771.1( � ) 2 � � 4.01� ( �h
4
01� 60.8 � 4.1 4.0 c 4. 1
01� 60.8
4
c
3
m / gk117.0 � � � 2� 则
01� 5 4.1 2p 4.1
4
3
m
/ aP 4 01 � 60.8 � c �知一法由
gk
4 .0
hg � � 21�� 4.0

c 4. 1
hdg � � � d 6.0� � c � 4.1 � hdg � � � � d 4.0 � c � 4.1 �有 hdg � � � pd 由�二法�
m 7065 = H
�得可式�4�求
0 0�

�4� hdg � � � �d
6.0 �
�c4.1
H H�
�得可分积�3�式对
。得求件条给所中目题由可 c 中�3�式
�3� hdg� � � �d �c4.1 4.0
3
�得可件条知已由�解
2 1 -1
mc03 � 9.16 � Z
001
9. 1
6nl � 6nl9.1 � � Znl �有应相�时 09 � * t 当
6nl091
mc81.7 � 1.16 � Z
001
1.1
6nl � 6nl1.1 � � Znl �有应相�时 01 � * t 当
6nl011
6 nl
0 01 � Zn l � t �为示表式系关以所
0 01 *
6 nl
001� � b � a �得式二上立联
0 01
b � 63nla � 001
b � 6nla � 0 �有件条知已由�解
11-1
04-为度温其�况情的值数同相现出可见可
4
04� � 23 � � � t 有式上解
5
9 �9 �
23 � � � � � 1� t 有则
5 �5 �
p c
t� � F �t � �c�t 如 �23 � � �t� 59 � � �t 式系关按 �解
。同相数读者两时 04� = t 当�对不法说
01-1
K 28.934 � 51.372 � ] C� [t � T
3
) C� (76.661 � � ] C� [t
001 � 006
�时 N 006 于处气氧

001 � ] C� [t3 � ] N � [t �为式系关故
001 � b 3 � a �得式二上以从
b � a 0 01 � 004
b � 001 �有件条知已由
] N� [
b � ] C � [ta � t
即�系关性线为间之 C 标温氏摄与 N 标温新定假�解
� �
9- 1
02 � ct55.0 � wen t
�得解可
b � k0 � 02 �

b � k001 � 57�
据数入代 b � c / tk � wen / t
o
4
�功做被�则�ABCA 为环循果如
2 2
� 1p � 2p � � 1v � 2v � � BC� CA � W
1 1
积面的围包所环循该为即
�功做外对�W 量功净的 ACBA 环循则
vdp � � W 义定功做由�见可图由�解
。积面形角三的围包所环循该是就量功净的 A-C-B-A 环循� vdp � � W 义定的分积和功做据
根是法办的单简。琐繁为较�分积到用要段 BA 中其�加相后然功做的段每算计开分学同些有�示提
) 1p � 2p () 1v � 2v(5.0� � ' W �为量功净的 A-B-C-A 环循
) 1p � 2p () 1v � 2v(5.0 � W �为量功净的 A-C-B-A 环循
6 1 -1
4 2 3.0 2 2 3.0
Jk634.3 � J 6343 � �� 43.0 � 44.0�� � � 501 � 5 � Dd 3 D � � � 501 � 5 � Dd 2 D Da � � Vdp � � W
1 � 4 .0 � � 4 .0
2 � 6�
Dd 2 D � � 3 D � d � Vd
� � ��
3.0 D
m / aP 501 � 5 � � � a�
01� 5.1 p
5
Da � p 件条知已由
vdp � � W �为量功做外对程过逆可本�解
5 1 -1
。差误算计定一许允。 Jk7.58 功胀膨出作外对
3.0 3 .1
3.0
V 1V�
Jk7.58 � 5.0 3.0 �
V) � VdP � � W
�( 3.11V1P � Vd 1 1
1 V P 2V 3 .1
�得可 C � 3.1
VP 由�解
41-1
1V
Jk002 � J 501 � 2 � )4.0 � 8.0( � 601 � 5.0 � VdP �� W 有则
2V
1V
VdP �� W 义定的功照按�解
2V
3 1- 1
) t 01� 38.6 � t 01� 23.4 � 1( � 01 � R
2 7� 3�
�为式系关故
2
) ) C� ( / 1( 7�01� 38.6� � B
) C / 1( 01� 23.4 � A
� 3�
Ω01 � 0R
�得可式三上以立联
0R � 788.72
�B 501� 989.1 � A 644 � 1�
�B 01 � A 001 � 1�
4
0R � 742.41
0R � 01
5
Jk0 )1(
5 -2
。 h / Jk 01� 20.1 为量热其�备设暖采加外须必�温室适合持维为 �
5
h / Jk 501� 20.1 � W401� 338.2� �
0063 / 301� 501� 3 � 05 � 001 � 301� 05 �
Q � U� � Q � W 则
W � Q � U� 由
0 � U� 的系体个这间车明说则�温室定稳一持维如�解
4- 2
Jk5 � 14W � 14Q � 14 U�
Jk5� � � 0 � 593 � 0 � � � 0 � 0001 � 0 � 0931� � 14W�
14W � 43W � 32W � 21W � 14Q � 43Q � 32Q � 21Q 由 14
Jk0001� � 0 � 0001� � 43W � 43 U� � 43Q 43
Jk593� � 32 U� � 32W � 32 U� � 32Q 32
Jk0931 � 0 � 0931 � 21W � 21U� � 21Q 21 �解
。程过算计及析分楚清写意注
5 5- 0 14
0001- 0 0001- 43
593- 593 0 32
0931 0 0931 21
Jk/UΔ Jk/W Jk/Q
3- 2
gk / Jk 0 5 2 2 � r � q � v� p � u � � h�
�为化变的焓 )2(
gk / Jk5.1702 �
35.871 � 0522 �
3�
01� )100.0 � 367.1( � 501 � 52310.1 � 0522 �
) 1v � 2v( p � r � w � q � u�
�得 u� � w � q 由 )1(�解
2- 2
0 005 2 � 42
度 / gk64.0 � )h � Wk ( / gk64.0 � � b )2(
000672
72.0 � 00092 �� 0q
日/克千000672 � � �B 故
0 0 0 5 2 � 4 2 � 3 0 1 � 6 . 3 N � 4 2 � 3 0 1 � 6. 3
Jk 01 � 6.3 � J 01 � 6.3 � 电度1 � h � Wk1 � )1(�解
3 6
1 -2
章二第
2
� 1p � 2p � � 2v � 1v � � W
1 '
6
K12.172 � 2T 出得算计回代
mc175.3 � x
�有故
x 0691� � � 01 � x 2 � 0542
003
� 01 � x 2 � 0542 � �� 003 � � x � 01� 02 �� 5.2 � � U� 故
4�
01 � 01� 001 � 501 � 49.2
R mR 4.0 R
� v � � 5. 2 � � v 由
c m, vc 1 c
1TR
� 1T � 2T� vc 1 1 � � 1T � 2T� vcm � U� 而
VP
x 0691 � 01 � x � 001 � 01 � 69.1 � x � A � 2P � W 中其
4� 5
W� � U� 0 � Q � .2
01 � 01 � 001 0 1 � 4 9. 2 1V1P
6�
K � x � 01� 02 � � 003 � 5 � 1T 2 2 � 2T
01 � 001
� x � 01� � 01 � 69.1
5
VP
6�
K 003 � 1T � aP 501 � 69.1 � 2P � aP 501 � 49.2 � 1P 知题上由 .1
mcx 升上塞活设假 �解
。解求程方程过的程过热
绝、容热比定、体气想理用利以可也�解求程方的离距升上于关出列律定一第学力热据根以可�示提
。K2.172 温终体气�mc75.3 了升上
7 -2
J 89 � 01 � 5 � 001 � 01 � 69.1 � L� � A � 2P � W � Q �
6� 5
0 � U� � 2 U � 1U � 2T � 1T � W � U� � Q
� 01� 69.1 �
mc5 � 01 � �1 � 5 � � 1L � 2L 故
� 501� 49.2 �
067 1 0. 0
aP 501 � 69.1 � 501 � 820.1 � 501 �139.0 � 501 � 310.1 � � � 2P
177 8.9 � 59
067 10.0
aP 501 � 49.2 � 501 � 820.1 � 501 �119.1 � 501 � 310.1� � � 1P 而
1 7 7 8. 9 � 5 9 1
� 2P �
1
L �1 � 1 � � � 1L � 2L � �
� P�
2P 2P
A 2L � 2V 又 A 1L 1
� 1V 1 � 2V
P P
2 2V P � 1V1P � K 003 � 2T � 1T 体气想理为气空设 �解
。J89 为量热换�mc5 了升上
6 -2
Jk0 � 2 U� �3�
Jk0 � 1U� � 2 U� )件条知已( Jk1.93 � 2Q � 2
W � 2 U� � 2Q �2�
Jk0 � 1U� � Jk605 � 1W Jk605 � 1Q 1W � 1U� � 1Q �1� �解
。程过明说析分的要必楚清写中业作在们学同请�意注
Jk0 )3(
Jk1.93 )2(
7
0� tuo m�

2 2
ni tuo
�� ten
) h � z g � c ( n i m � ) h � z g � c ( t u o m � � W � Q
v , cEd
� � � �
2 1 2 1
系口开一为仍则�象对为球气以�解
11-2
。略从析分� Tk � T 则� 0 � 0P 即�空真为原若
'
0PTk � 0P 0T � P 0T
'
0
� 'T �
T' PTk
'
T0T
) ( Tk � 0P � ' P
'
T0P � 0T' P
0T T
Tp c) 0 � ' ( � vc 0P � vc' P
P 'P
0T T R TR TR
Tp c) 0 � ' ( 0 � 0Tvc 0' 0 � ' Tvc 0'
P 'P V VP V' P
�有� h) 0m � m( � 0u0m � um 论结题上入代
'
TR TR
'
� 0m , 0' 0 0
� m ��解
VP VP '
0 1 -2
h) 0m � m( � 0u0m � ' um �
h) 0m � m( � 1E � 2E
0 1E
h) 0m � m( � �d � h � nim �� v, cEd � 则
2E
� �
2
0 � ni) zg ( 0 � ni) 2 c ( 0 � tuom 0 � tenW 0 � Q 而
1 � � �
2 2 ��
ni )h � zg � 2 c ( nim � tuo
)h � zg � 2 c ( tuo m � v, c � tenW � Q
1 � 1 � Ed � �
系口开取题上按仍�解
9- 2
。证得 h � u �
'
0 �� v, cEd 0 �
mh � ' um � �dh nim
� � E
��
h nim � v, c �有故
� Ed
2
0 � ni) zg � ( ,0 � tuom ,0 � ten W ,0 � Q �件条设题按
2
c � � �
2 2 ��
ten W � ni) zg � � h( nim � tuo) zg � � h( tuom � v, c � Q
� c
2 � 2
c � Ed �
�为程方量能的统系口开
。统系口开个一是这然显�统系为作罐气储取�明证
8 -2
8
Wk 6 1 4 2 �
0 063
])24 � 007 � 21 � 301 � 05( � 814 � 301 � )7.0 � 05( � 00814 � 007[ �
1
) 7h 7m � 1h 1m ( � 6h) 7m � 1m( � q 7m � P
� � � � �
P � ) 7h 7m � 1h 1m( � 6h) 7m � 1m( � q 7m
� � � � �
�为式衡平量能统系个整�时化变能位、能动略忽当
程过动流定稳经质工�系口开为取组机轮气燃个整将�解
4 1- 2
Wk88.521 � h / Jk 501 � 35.4 � io� / tW � t' W �下态状际实
Wk87.011 � h / Jk 01 � 889.3 � 5
�下态状想理
5
01� � 60.0 � 02 � �100.0 � 501� 2 � � 1P � 2P � vm � tW

gk / 3m100.0 � � v �解
1
3 1- 2
0TR
) 0T � Tk( vc) 0P � P ( 0 � �
V
0TR 0TR
) 0Tvc � Tp c() 0 0 � 0 (� �
V P VP
)h � 0u() 0m � m( � h) 0m � m( � ) 0u0m � ' um( � Q 故
0 u � 'u 0
T � ' T又
h) 0m � m( � ) 0u0m � ' um( �
h) 0m � m( � ) 1E � 2E ( � Q
0 1E 0
�d nim � h � v, cE d � � �dQ � �
2E
� � � �
0� tuo m 0� ten W�
� �
2 2 ��
ni ) h � zg � 2 c ( n i m � tuo )h � zg � 2 c ( tuo m � v, c � tenW � Q
1 � 1 � Ed � �
系口开取�解
2 1- 2
)h � 0h() 0m � m( � Q 故
0
v � 'v � 0T � ' T 0p � ' p 于由
)v 0m � ' vm(' p � )h � 0u() 0m � m( �
)v0m � ' vm(' p � h) 0m � m( � ) 0u0m � ' um( �
) V � V(' p � h) 0m � m( � ) 0u0m � ' um( �
'
ten W � h) 0m � m( � ) 1E � 2E ( � Q �
0 0 1E 0
�d tenW � � �d nim � h � v, cE d � � �dQ �
2E
� � � � � �
0 u � ' u , 0T � ' T 故�热换分充气大与因又
9
s / m1.702 � 2c , K 555 � 2T �得解
01 � 2
3
2
T 01 � 6960.0 � 22T � ��2T � 375( � 500.1
2 3� )5.58(
2
�得)a(入代式)d(、)c(、)b(将
01 � 2 5
A
) d( s / m 2T373.0 � 01 � 3
� 062 � 2v) ( � 2c
2
T872.0 m

01 � 5 A
) c( s / m 5. 5 8 � 3 0 1 � 5 � 062 � 1v) ( � 1c
3 7 5 � 8 7 2. 0 m

)b( ) 2T � 375( � 500.1 � ) 2T � 1T( p c � 2h � 1h 而
2 2
)a( 2c � 2h � 21c � 1h �解
2 1 1
71-2
Wk24 � h / Jk 501� 215.1 � 252 � 06 � 01 � tW �3�

。 gk / Jk252 功轴需气空缩压 gk1 产生每故�负为功做被于由
gk / Jk252� �
� 01� 548.0 �1.0 �
3 3
01� 571.0 � 8.0 � � 5.641 � 05� �
� 1v1p � 2v2p � � u� � q �
� vp � � � u� � q � h� � q � tw
�有 tw � h� � q 由�2�
。 gk / Jk5.691 � w � � w 为功缩压的作所气空 gk1 对中程过缩压故
'
) gk / Jk (5.691� � 5.641 � 05� � u� � q � w �
w � u� � q
有律定一第学力热据根� gk / Jk5.641 � u� , gk / Jk 05� � q 知已�1��解
。涂糊能不�义意理物
的确明有号负正的功�后之统系定选。定确意随号负正的功对�统系的取选确明有没学同多很�示提
6 1- 2
022 D
倍 5. 3 5 � � �n
07711 G
78.14
h / t07711 �
� 45.641 � 5.6832 � � 022 � G
有故�量热收吸水冷于等热放结凝汽蒸�3�
sW
33076
小很响影功轴对能动见可 %76.0 � 7600.0 � � �
2.944 kE�
01 � 0063 � 2 23
Wk2.944 � � kE� �2� � 2 c�D
� 1
2
07 � 2041� � 301 � 022
0063
Wk33076 � � � 2h � 1h � D � sW 率功轴
�5.6832 � 4.3843 � � 3
01 � 022 �
2 h � 1h � sw 功轴机轮汽�1��解
5 1 -2
01
2TR
� 2m 量气的筒气贮后入压气空缩压
V2P
1TR
� 1m 量气的筒气贮前入压气空缩压
V1P
3
m8 � V K392 � 2T � 1T aP 501 � 6548.7 � 2P aP 501 �1 � 1P �解
2- 3
3T 1T R
gk639800.0 � ) 3 � 1 ( 1 � 3m � 1m � 3m � 2m � m� �2�
p p V
01 � 7 1p
5
K52.663 � � 392 � 2 1T � 2T �1�
01 � 57.8
5
p
�解
1 -3
章三第
。率功出输的体整置装是�率功的耗消机气压去减率功的出发机轮气燃指是率功总的置装机轮气燃�注
W k 0 1 � 3 5 5. 1 � 0 1 � 9 .2 � 0 1 � 3 54 . 4 � c N � t N � N
4 4 4
�率功总的置装机轮气燃�5�
Wk 01 � 354.4 � tenwm
4
� � tN 故
2 2
gk / Jk3.544 � ) 2 001 � 2 949( � ) 24 c � �23c( � tenw
1 1
0 � h� � 0 � q 于由
2
ten
w � ) �23c � 24 c( � h� � q
1
�程方量能由� �3h � 4h 故�变不态状力热中叶动在气燃�意题由�4�
s/m949 �
2
02 � 3 01 � ])085 - 008( - 076[2 �
2 c � ]) 2h � �3h( � q[2 � �3c
2
故� 0 � tenw 且
2
ten
w � ) 22 c � �23c( � ) 2h � �3h( � q
1
�系体究研为作做室烧燃和管喷以�3�
06934 Q
s / gk25.1 � � �B
076 � 001 qm�
�量耗料燃�2�
Wk 01 � 9.2 � 092 � 001 � twm
4
� � cN
�功耗机气压则
gk / Jk092� � 085 � 092 � 2h � 1h � h�� � tw 故
tw � h� � 0
2
�程方量能动流定稳有则� 0 � z�g � 0 � 2 c� 且� 0 � q 故�热绝程过�1�
1
�解
8 1 -2
11
003 � 004 0 v
K � gk / Jk4737.0 � )237.0 � 147.0( � � 237.0 � 1t
c � C�063 � 1t
003 � 063
�为热比容定均平的下度温个两查�1�
�解
5- 3
53 q
h / gk00423 � s / gk0.9 � � �m
98 7 . 5 13 W
量流气空需少至�作工常正机电持维为
gk / Jk53 � � 02 � 55 � �1 � ) 1t � 2t( p c � q 量热的走带可气空
59 . 0
Wk 9 8 7 . 5 1 3 � 5 0 . 0 � � W 率功热发机电�解
00 06
4- 3
B1V3.1
a P 5 0 1 � 6 4 8. 1 � 5 0 1 � 4 � � A 2P
2 � B1V � 3.0
�得�)a(式入代)b(式将
2 2
)b( B1V3.1
� A 2 A 1 � B 2V � A 2V ∴
V� V
B 2P � A 2P 时衡平且 B 2VB 2P � A 2VA 2P ∵又
A 2V A 2V
)a( 5
01 � 4 � B 1 � � A 1P � A 2P
V3.0 A 1V
A 2VA 2P � A 1VA 1P ∴ A 2m � A 1m , A 2T � A 1T ∵又
01 � 4 A 1P B 1V
B1 A1 5
V3 . 0 � V � 3 . 0 � � �
5
01 � 2.1 B1P A 1V
B1m � A 1m� �
B1 B 1
V P � A 1VA 1P ∴ � ∵�2�
B1
T � A 1T� �
K303 � B1T � A 1T � B 2T � A 2T 即
A1T� A2 T � B 2T � A 2T 时衡平全完因又
A1 v
T c � 5.0 � 2 � � B 2T � A 2T� vc5.0
A1 U2 � B2 U� A2U �
B 1U � A 1U 即 B1T � A 1T �
0 � B ) 1U � 2 U( � A ) 1U � 2 U( 即
0� B �A U� � 0 � W 0 � Q 象对为缸气个整取�1��解
3- 3
3 �1 '
V1P m
分52.81 � � � � t �间时需所
8 � )1 � 6548.7( V) 1P � 2P ( m�
TR
� m 量气入吸钟分每机气压
V1P '
1TR
) 1P � 2P ( � 1m � 2m � m� 量气入压
V
21
K � gk / Jk4400.1 � �
0 p c ℃02 � 1t 由
1t
) 1h � 3h( 1m � ) 3h � 2h( 2m � 3 h) 2m � 1m( � 2h 2m � 1h1m
�则� 2m 为量流气空热设� tsnoc � H 后前合混即
0 � H� 则�件条压定、热绝于由
pdv� � H� � Q �律一热由
51.372 �1.782 0TR
h / gk 501� 6261.1 � � � 1m 量流量质气空冷算计�解
4
01� 9 � 01� 310.1 01V0P
5
7-3
s / gk 01� 74.053 � � 02 � 072 � � 58400.1 � � 1t � 2t � p c � h� � Q
5
2 2
h � gk / Jk58400.1 � 1782.0 � � R � p c �2�
7 7
h / Jk 501� 20.553 �
)02 � 4400.1 � 072 � 9610.1( � 501�1593.1 �
) 1t � �
0 p c � 2t � �
1t
0 p c(m � h� � Q
2t
0 pc
K � gk / Jk9610.1 � 210.1 � � 210.1 � 910.1� � 7.0 � � ℃072 � 1t
2t
0 pc
K � gk / Jk4400.1 � 400.1 � � 400.1 � 600.1� � 2.0 � � ℃02 � 1t
1t
算计热比压定均平用�1�
51.372 �1.782 0TR
s / gk 501�1593.1 � � �m
5
01� 80.1� 01� 310.1 0VP
5
�量流量质的气空
51.372 038 0T2P
h / 3m 501� 4669.1 � 501� 80.1� � � 0V 2 0 � 2V
51.372 � 072 067 TP
量流气空的下 2T , 2P 在出算折�解
6- 3
。少多大值算计法热比定比法热比容定均平用是的察考
2q
% 9. 3 2 � 2 1 � �
q� q
�为案答后书
0 v
。远甚去相热比定与出看以可也� K � gk / Jk 758.0 � 2t
c 得查所中表从
� K � gk / Jk57717.0 � vc 离偏远远已�时 C�0071 � 2t 当为因是这�%02 近小偏要算计热比定按见可
1q
%3.91� � 1 2 � � �3�
q� q
gk / Jk97.169 �
)063 � 0071( � 57717.0 �
) 1t � 2t( vc � u� � 2q
2
K � gk / Jk57717.0 � 1782.0 � 5.2 � R � vc ��体气子原双�算计热比定按�2�
5
gk / Jk44.1911 � 063 � 4737.0 � 0071 � 758.0 � 1t � 10 vc � 2t � 20 vc � u� � 1q 故
t t
0 v
K � gk / Jk 758.0 � 2t
c � C�0071 � 2t
31
Jk9.6331� � tW� � H� Jk2.979� � W� � U�
Jk9.6331 � )13.784 � 39.239( � 3 � ) 2h � 1h(m � tW
Jk2.979 � � 71.843 � 85.476 � � 3 � � 2u � 1u � m � W
01
gk / Jk13.784 � � 94.284 � 47.294 � � � 94.284 � 2h
7.4
01
gk / Jk 71.843 � � 07.443 � 80.253 � � � 07.443 � 2u
7.4
01�1 2P
gk / 3m193.1 � 5 � � 2v
7.484 � 782 2TR
862.7 � 428.7
K 7.484 � 01� � 084 � 2T �
862.7 � 925.7
80.253 � u 47.294 � h 428.7 � rP K 094
07.443 � u 94.284 � h 862.7 � rP K 084 �得表查
1P
925.7 � 92.57 �1.0 � 1rP 2 � 2rP
P
92.57 � 1rP gk / Jk83.476 � 1u gk / Jk39.239 � 1h K 009 � 1T 表附查�1��解
9 -3
6
K / Jk 3�01� 41.1 � nl � 802.0 � 500.0� �
2
1P � 1P 1T �
2
nlRm� � � 2 nlR � 2 nl p c � m � s�m � S� 、3
P � P T �
3 2V
aP 501� 2 � 501� 0.6 � � 1P � 1 � 2P 、2
1 V
K 006 � 1T � 2T
程过温定即程过能内定故�体气想理作看可 rA、1�解
8-3
02 � 95141.3 v�
m7874.0 � 2 � 2 �2 � D
7995.3 V
2
�得 v ) ( � � 2V 由
2 D
01� 6410.1 0P
5
h / 3m7995.3 � h / 3m 401� 9592.1 � � � 2V
)51.372 � 053( �1.782 � 301� 2943.7 2TR 2m
aP 501� 6410.1 � 56608.9 � 051 � 223.331� 057 � 2P
01� 310.1 0
P
5
h / 3m4.9865 � � � 02V
51.372 �1.782 � 301 � 2943.7 0TR 2m
8400.1� 04 � 5320.1� 053 3t � �
0 pc � 2t � �0 pc
3t 2t
h / gk 301� 2943.7 � � 01� 6261.1 � 1m � 2m 则
4400.1� 02 � 8400.1� 04 5 1t � � 0 pc
0 pc � 3t � �
1t 3t
K � gk / Jk8400.1 � �
0 p c ℃04 � 3t
3t
K � gk / Jk5320.1 � �
0 p c ℃053 � 2 t
2t
41
气空含包则�统系为气空取果如�候时的量热入加算计后最。温终气空算计程方龙珀拉克用利后然。积体
态末气空得可是于�积体态末气氢得获�程过缩压热绝个一历经气氢�统系究研为气氢取先首�示提
Jk8.84 为量热的入加�K5.997 温终气空�得可入代
aR
) 1aV1ap � 2 aV2 ap ( a, V
� ) 1aT � 2aT( avc am � a U� 而
c
Jk853.5 � 2 HW� � aW 又 aW � a U� � Q
�律定一第学力热据根
1a 1a
1.0 � 01 � 7089.0
5
V p
K 5.997 � � 882 � 2 2 1aT � 2aT
8831.0 � 501� 4169.1 aV ap
3
m8831.0 � 2160.0 � 1.0 � 2 � ) 2 HV � 1V( � 1V � 2aV
�得则�象对究研为气空取
1 4. 0 1� k 2
Jk853.5� � 501 � )2160.0 � 4169.1 � 1.0 � 7089.0( � ) 2V2p � 1V1p ( � HW
1 1
2 2p
3
m2160.0 � 14.1
) (1.0 � k ) 1 ( 1V � 2 HV
1 1 1
p
�有故�缩压熵等�象对究研为气氢以
�解
11-3
R / ) 1s � 2s ( �
e1p � 2p
1p
�出导推可故� 2
nl R � � 1s � 2s 而
p
1s � S 2s 于由
�解
0 1- 3
Jk6.0201 � � 83.433 � 85.476 � � 3 � ) 2u � 1u(m � W
gk / Jk83.433 � 2 u gk / Jk251.864 � 2h �得查 2T 由
01 1P
1T � 2T 则� tsnoc � k 用如
4.1
K 664 � ) (009 � k� 2 �
1
4.0 1� k
P
Jk47.979 � � 843 � 83.476 � � 3 � wm � W
Jk7331 � 38.544 � 3 � twm � tW
gk / Jk38.544 � 1.784 � 39.239 � 2h � 1h � tw
gk / Jk85.476 � 1u gk / Jk39.239 � 1h �得查 1T 由
gk / Jk843 � 2 u gk / Jk1.784 � 2h �得查 2T 由
K 7.484 � 2T �得查可
K � gk / Jk65781.2 � 166.0 � 65848.2 � 2°TS
01 1P
K � gk / Jk166.0� � nl782.0 � 2 nlR K � gk / Jk65848.2 � 1°TS 由
1 P
1P
0� 2
nlR � 1°TS � 2°TS
P
算计度温均平按�2�
51
392 � 877.952
gk20.3 � gk78.3 � )55.37 � 1.741( � 501� �
40.0
1TR 2TR 1T R
) 2p � 1p ( 1
� � � 2m � 1m � m�
V 1V2p 1V1p '
程过胀膨温等�3�
042 2T
aP 5 01 � 97.98 � � 01 � 55.37 � 3 2 p � 3p
392 5 T
程过容等�2�
2T 1T R 2TR 1TR
gk20.3 � ) 2 � 1 ( 1 � 2 2 � 1 1 � 2m � 1m � m�
p p V V p Vp
1.741 1p
K 042 � 4.1
)
(392 � ) 2 ( 1T � 2T �1� k
55.37 p
1�4.1 1� k
�解
gk 78.3 为量质的出放�胀膨温等�3�
aPM979.8 � 3p � K392 � 3T �热吸容等�2�
gk20.3 为量质的出放� K 042 � 2T �胀膨热绝�1�
31-3
1 � 2.1 2 1� n
Jk62.812 � )303 � 3.252( � 782.0 � � 6 � ) 1T � 2T( rcm � Q
4.1 � 2.1 5 k�n
� 1p � �3�
K3.252 � � � � 303 �
� � 1T � 2T
2.1
� 2p � �1� n
1� 2.1 1� n
�3� 1 � 2.1 � 1p � 1 � n
Jk64.634 � ] � � � 1[ �6 � ] � � � 1[ Rm � W
1T
2.1 �1� 303 � 782 n � 2p �
1� 2.1 1� n
2.1 � n �3�
�3� � 1P �
K 4.122 � � � � 303 � � � 1T � 2T
4.1 �1� k � 2P �
1� 4.1 1� k
0�Q
�3� 1 � 4.1 � 1p � 1� k
Jk14.153 � ] � � � 1[ �6 � ] � � � 1[ Rm � W
1T
4.1 �1� 03 � 782 k � 2p �
1� 4.1 1� k
程过熵定�2�
K303 � 2T � 1T
Jk22.375 � 22.375 � 0 � W � U� � Q
2p
Jk22.375 � 3 nl 303 � 782 � 6 � 1
nl 1TRm � W
p
程过温定�1�
�解
2 1 -3
。和总的加增能内的者两为则�统系为气氢+气空取果如�分部两功做塞活对气空及以能内
61
72.1�1�
71-3
1p 1p 1T
� 4T � 1T 中其� tsnoc � 4
nl R � � 4 nl R � 4 nl p c � 1s � 4s
p p T
�差熵的程过温等是就离距平水的线压定条两�是明证的便简最
�明证
6 1 -3
。毕证
1T )1 � k()1 � n( 1T 1 � n 1p
)1 � n ( 2 nIR � 1s � 2s �成写可式上 nI � 2 nI 于由
T k�n 2T n p
1p )1 � k (n
2p
nIR � 1s � 2s �得理整入代
k�n
1� k
R � p c �又
k
1p n 1p 1p n
2p
nI ) R � p c( �
2p
nIR � 2 nI ) ( p c � 1s � 2s 以所
1� n p 1� n
1p n 1T 1p 1T
2
nI � nI 故 n
)2 (� 2 而
p 1 � n 2T
1� n
p T
1p 1T
2
nl R � 2 nl p c � 1s � 2s
p T
�有程过变多容热比定体气想理对
�明证
51-3
。的算计要需
是都 k 和 n���体气子原双或气空是体气种这说有没目题�4.1 为不 k 且而�程过变多个一是这�示提
5 7 0 6. 0 1 � k
k � gk / Jk8796.0 � � � vc
9034.0 R
5716.0 1� k 故
K � gk / Jk 7821.1 � 9034.0 � �R � pc
5 7 1 6. 1 k
5716.1 � k �
1� k 1� n 1� n
Jk637.38 � ) 1T � 2T( � � � m � ) 1T � 2T( vc � m � Q 量热吸
R k�n k�n
)333 � 375(2
K � gk / Jk9034.0 � �R �
)1 � 494.1( � 86.814
1� n
Jk86.814 � ) 2T � 1T( m � W 功胀膨
R
)3 / 1(nI ) 2V / 1V(nI
4 9 4. 1 � �1 � 1 2 � 1 � n 以所
)375 / 333(nI ) T / T(nI
2V 1T
) (� 2
1� n 1V
程过变多对
T
K333 � 2T K375 � 1T 1V3 � 2V �有题由�解
4 1 -3
71
392 � 782 1TR
h / gk3.792 � � �m
052 � 501 �1 1V1p
�解
9 1- 3
01� 310.1 0p
5
h / m8.9301 �
3
� � 0v
51.372 �1.782 � 891.3431 0TR m

2 1 6. 7 8 1
h / gk891.3431 � s / gk11373.0 � �m
%07 � 001 �
0.1 1 � 4.1 1p 1� k
gk / Jk216.781� � ] 4.1
) ( � 1[ � 51.382 �1.782 � �] k
) 2 ( � 1T � 1T[R � tw
1� 4.1
688.5 4.1 p
1� k
k
�时缩压热绝�2�
01� 310.1 0p
5
h / m8.5901 �
3
� � 0v
51.372 �1.782 � 64.5141 0TR m

430 .871
h / gk64.5141 � s / gk81393.0 � �m
%07 � 001 �
0.1 3.0 2p 1� n
gk / Jk430.871� � ] 3.1
) ( � 1[ � 51.382 �1.782 � � ] ) ( � 1[1TR � tw
1�3.1
688.5 3.1 1�nn 1p n
�时缩压程过变多的 3.1=n 按�1�
�解
81-3
Jk21.4� � Q �得
M
K � gk / Jk10.1 � � pc
m � np c
2 2
� K � lomk � / Jk990.92 � 413.8 � � mR � np c
2�5 2�i
5 � i 故�子原双为且�体气想理是于由
1TR
gk 2�01 � 54.3 � 1 1
�m
Vp
) 1T � 2T( p cm � sW � sW � H� � Q �4�
� 1.0 � 1p
K 7.876 � � � � 51.323 � ) ( 1T � 2T �3�
n 2p
4272.1 � 2.3 �
1� n
1� 4272.1
4 2 7 2. 0 1� n
Jk244.61� � )120.0 � 601 � 2.3 � 230.0 � 601 �1.0( � ) 2V2p � 1V1p ( � sW �2�
4 2 7 2. 1 n
230.0
nl � 1V � � 2p � 1V 2p
1200.0
4272.1 � 23 � � 2 � nl � � nl � n 以所 )
n 2
( � 1 �1�
� V� � 1p � V p
nl
1
�解
Jk21.4-�4�
K7.876�3�
Jk4.61-�2�
81
� 1p �
� � 3V � 4V
n � 2p �
1
60.0
)1 � ( 3V � 1V 以所
1
3V � 1V
6 0. 0 � 3 =比隙余
V
1 V 为了终气进� 4V 为积容的气进始开� 3V 为积容隙余设
�解
12-3
K144 温终� aP 501 � 57.7 力压间中�缩压级二用采故
1p
K144 � n
) 2 ( 1T � 3T
1� n
p
�为度温后缩压
aP 501� 57.7 � 601� 6 � 601�1.0 � 2p 1p � 2p
�为力压间中佳最
。却冷间中缩压级两用采故�度温许允油滑润过超
1p
K5.466 � 52.1
06 � 392 � n
) 2 ( 1T � 2T
1�52.1 1� n
p
�为度温了终则�缩压级一用采如
�解
02-3
。数
1� n 2 1� n 1 � n ) 1T � 2T(m
指变多出得算计� ) 2T � 1T( Rm � H� � Q � tW 者或 R � � vc � re t a w � nc 用利
n 5 k�n k�n Q�
。程过变多个一是这�示提
。Wk 54.81 为率功的需必机气压故
0063 1 � 2.1 0063 1 � n 0063
Wk54.81� � � )324 � 392 (782 � 3.792 � � � ) 2T � 1T( Rm � � s � sw
1 2. 1 1 n W
392 1T
aP 01� 50.9 �
5
)
1� 2.1
( � 01 � ) ( � 1p � 2p �为力压高最的到达能可
1� n 2
324 5
2.1 n
T
1p 1T
�得 ) ( � 由
n 2p 2T
1� n
1� n
2.1 � n �得 5 7 1 7. 0 � � 5207.0� 有
4. 1 � n
2 2 1� n
K � gk / J 5.717 � 782 � � R � vc 而 vc � nc �又
5 5 k�n
)392 � 324 ( � 3.792 ) 1T � 2T(m
K � gk / Jk5207.0� � � riaQ
� nc 故
0 6 2 7 2�
Wk75.7� � retawQ � = riaQ
Wk 75.7 � h / Jk06272 � 41 � 781.4 � 564 � t� retawc retawm= retawQ
91
。同相率效机诺卡个单的间源热 2T 、 1T 一同于作工与率效总机热诺卡的作工联串种这即
c , t� �
1T mT 1T mT 1T
2T
� 1 � ]) 2 � 1() m � 1([ � 2 � 1 � m � 1 �
T T T T
1Q 1Q
B,t �� ) A , t� � 1( � A , t� � �
� B �A , t �
B, t W � AW B
�) A , t�1Q � 1Q( � A , t�1Q
�明证
3 -4
。的论结确正出导能不是上实事——明证式等不用�腾倒间之 T 个几
在� �� � llarevo �用应误错是二�低降率效�功耗消外额会机冷制入加说接直是一�误错型典种两意注
2T
2Q
1T 1T 1Q 1Q 1Q
。高提无并故� 0T
�1 � 2T
�1 � 1 �1 � 1 � � �率效总么那
'Q ' Q � 1Q ' 1W � 1W
' 2Q 0
T
。 ' 2Q �' 1W � ' 1Q 有机冷制于对� 2Q � 1W � 1Q 有机热于对
。效无法此�2�
1T
) 0 � 1( 1Q � W 功作故
T
。同相果效机逆可的作工间源热温恒同相�理定诺卡据根�1�
�解
2-4
。明证行进律二第学力热用应有没学同有
还外 此 。 述表 氏开 了 反违 说接 直 能不 �� 值 定 是不 度温 源 热� 机热 源 热多 是都 � 机热 源 热 单 成 构 没就 么 那
�线容等者或线压等了用是而�线温等用有没�时环循造构学同有
。交相能不线熵等两此因。述表氏开的
律定二第学力热了反违�环循机热源热单是则�作工环循向正 AOBA
环循依质工某若。环循个一成构线条三则�B、A 于交相 b、a 于别分
c 线温等条一造构�点 O 于交 b 与 a 线熵等条两�示所图如设假
�明证
1 -4
章四第
� �
67.0 � �1 � 0.15� 60.0 � 1 � v� : 0.1 � n
� 1

� �
348.0 � �1 � 52.15� 60.0 � 1 � v� :52.1 � n
� 1

� �
78.0 � �1 � 5� 60.0 � 1 � v� : 4.1 � n
� 41.1 �

� � 1p �� 3V � 1V 3V � 1V
� �� v 率效积容
�1 � � 2p �� 3V � 1 � 4V � 1V � �
� n1 �
02
�律定一第学力热据根又�体气想理为气空� cn � bn � a n 则�系体为置装取�解
7-4
。程过能可不为程过此故
003
0 � K / Jk7.1� � � 52 � osi S�
0008�
�为增熵其�系立孤的成组源热温恒 K003 和统系闭封对�理原增熵统系立孤据根
�解
6- 4
Jk005 � 009 � 008 � 004 � 3Q � 2Q � 1Q � W
Jk009 � 3Q �得解
003 002 004 3T 2T 1T rT
0� 3 � � 即 0� 3 � 2 � 1 � ��
Q 008 004 Q Q Q Q�
�有理同�热放源热 K 002 � 2T 自环循设、2
Jk003� � 0051 � 008 � 004 � 3Q � 2Q � 1Q � W
Jk0051� � 3Q �得解
003 002 004 3T 2T 1T rT
0� 3
� � 即 0�� 3
� � ��
Q 008 004 Q 2Q 1Q Q �
�有环循逆可对�热吸源热 K 002 � 2T 自环循设、1
Jk005 = W�Jk009 = 3Q 则�热放环循是 2Q 果如
Jk003- = W�Jk0051- = 3Q 则�热吸环循是 2Q 果如
�解
5- 4
。数系冷制机冷制义定来式公率效的机热逆可用学同位几有�义定的数系冷制时法方种三第用
采意注。等等数系冷制机冷制逆可、理原增熵系立孤、式等不斯修劳克如�定判法方种多用可�示提
。能可不环循故
052 003
] K / Jk[1� � 0 � � � S� � L S� � H S� � osi S�
0572� 0003
�理原增熵统系立孤由
] Jk[0572 � 052 � 0003 � W � HQ � LQ 律一热由 .c
。环循逆可为故
052 003
0 �0� � � S� � L S� � H S� � osi S�
0002� 0042
�理原增熵统系立孤由 .b
。环循逆可不为故
052 003
0 � ] K / Jk[71.0 � 0 � � � S� � L S� � H S� � osi S�
0001� 0521
�理原增熵统系立孤由
Jk0521 � 052 � 0001 � W � LQ � HQ 律一热由 .a
�解
4 -4
12
0
S �体气想理于对
1 。关无程过与�数参态状为熵
K374 � 002 � 372 � 2T
K392 � 02 � 372 � 1T
2
�图右如�
�上图 S-T 于画其将
’2 �解
。增熵热绝体气想理成理处�示提
T K � gk / Jk4960.0
8- 4
。可即 ]mta[620.1 � aP
� 得 入 代 � 的 行 可 实 切 最 是 aP 变 改 中 其 � 可 均 数 参 一 任 中 cP , bP , aP , cT , bT , aT 变 改 以 可 上 则 原
。能可有才
Pa 0T aT
2
0� c b
nl R � � ) c b a � c2 b nl( p c � �
PP T � T � T2 T T
rrus S� � ria S� � osi S�
�有此因
0T 0T 0T
� � � rrus S�
) cT � bT � aT2( p c � H� 0Q
aP aT aP aT
) c nl R � � c nl p c � ( � ) b nl R � � b nl p c � ( �
P T P T
) a S � cS ( cn � ) aS � bS ( bn � ria S�
�中其� 0 � osi S� 足满须必�能可为成置装使为
。能可不为故
0 � K / Jk2924.0� � rrusS� � riaS� � osiS� �变熵统系立孤
51.372 0T
K / Jk5635.0 � � � rrusS� �变熵境环
835.641 0Q
aP aP
)0 � c
nl � b nl � aP � cP � bP中其(
P P
K / Jk9869.0� �
51.892 5 1. 8 9 2 aT aT
) nl � nl( � 8681.4 � 7 �1 � c nl p c � cn � ) b nl p c � ( bn �
5 1. 3 3 3 5 1. 8 5 2 T T
) a S � cS ( cn � ) a S � bS ( bn � acS� � abS� � a S � cS � bS � ria S�
�变熵气空则�系体立孤为境环与置装取
。Jk835.641 热放境环向有只
Jk835.641� � H� � Q �律一热由�换交功无界外与系体为因
Jk835.641� � 52 � 8681.4 � 7 � 2 � 06 � 8681.4 � 7 �1 � )51�( � 8681.4 � 7 �1 �
a t) p c � ( an � ct) p c � ( cn � bt) p c � ( bn �
) at � ct() p c � ( cn � ) at � bt() p c � ( bn �
a H � c H � b H � H�
22
Jk57.7567� � 1W � 1Q �有律定一第学力热据根� 0 � U� 程过温定体气想理于由
0001 2p 2p
Jk57.7567� � nI � 004 � 413.8 �1 � 1 nITRn � 1 nIvp � vdp � � 1W
001 p p
�为功耗体气想理 lomk1 中缸气 .a
�解
。K/Jk 94.11 变熵总�K/Jk 36.03 变熵源热�K/Jk 41.91-变熵体气 .c
�K/Jk 93.6 变熵总�K/Jk 35.52 变熵源热�K/Jk 41.91-变熵体气 .b
�0 变熵总�K/Jk 41.91 变熵源热�K/Jk 41.91-变熵体气 .a
11-4
T 2T
�� T 1T
�� 1T
� S�
Tdc 2m mT Tdc1m mT r1m
。温降水℃05
、 温 升水℃ 0 、 冰 融 � 分部 三 括包增 熵 � 增熵 算计 后 然� 度温 终 最的 统系 出 得衡 平热 用 利先 首� 示 提
K / Jk3439.0 �
05 � 372 372 372
nl � 81.4 � 52 � nl � 81.4 � 5 � �
3 7 2 � 4. 8 2 3 7 2 � 4. 8 2 333 � 5
T 2T
� T 1T � 1T
� � 1 � S�
Tdc 2m mT Tdc1m mT rm
�为变熵统系
C 0 93.82 � m t �得解可
0 � ) 2t � mt(c2m � r1m � ) 1t � mt(c1m
) 2t � mt(c 2m � 2 U� r 1m � ) 1t � m t(c1m � 1 U�
�则� mt 为时度温的致一水与后化融冰设� gk52 � 2m 为量质水� gk5 � 1m 量质冰
0 � 2 U� � 1 U� �有律定一第学力热由�功无且�程过热绝为程过该于由
�解
01-4
Jk37.94 � 9871.0 � 872 � osiS� 0T � � �失损力能功做
K / Jk9871.0 �
355 872 1T 2T
) � ( � 001 � ) � (Q �
1 1 1 1
2T 1T
� �� osi S�
Q Q
�系立孤取
�解
9- 4
K � gk / Jk4960.0 �
78.92 392
2.4 nl � � nl � 300.1 �
3413.8 374
1p 1T
2
nl R � 2 nl p c � s�
p T
32
2p 2n
2� 1
� � T � 2T � 1T � 2V � 1V � 2TR 2n � 2V2p � 1TR 1n � 1V1p 因
p 1n
0 � ) T � T( vcM 2n � ) T � ' T( vcM1n 即
'
0 � 2 U�� 1U�� U�
�有则�功做有没�热绝器容个整于对�律定一第学力热由
'
T 为同相温终时衡平新到达�热导塞活于由� 2n 、 1n 为数尔摩体气边两右左设
�解
。K/J 6650.0 为变熵的气空内器容个整�2m 766000.0 为积容室右�2m 333100.0 为积容室左
31-4
BTAT4
nl cm � ) BTnI � m' TnI � ATnI � m' TnI (cm �
2
) BT � AT(
T BT T AT
BT
BT
AT
AT
) �� �(cm � B
�� A
� � S�
Td mT
'
Td mT
'
Q� mT
'
Q � m' T
�变熵总
2
) BT � AT( � m' T 则 ) BT � m' T(cm � ) m' T � AT(cm �
1
B Q � AQ �时换交热行进接直体物两�3�
) BTAT 2 � BT � AT(cm � ]) BT � mT( � ) mT � AT([cm � BQ � AQ � W �2�
BT AT T BT
B A � T AT�
T T � mT � nI � � m nI � ��
mT T Tdcm mT Tdcm mT
BT AT BT AT
BT AT
B
� �� A � � 0�0� B
� �A �即
Q � mT Q � mT Q� Q�
0 � 机热S� � 源冷S� � 源热S� � osiS� �理原增熵统系立孤由�1�
�解
21-4
K / Jk94.11 � 41.91 � 36.03 � 3, r S�� S�� 3S� �变熵总
003 3rT
K / Jk36.03 � � � 3, rS � �变熵源热故�K003 为度温源热而
3.9819 3 Q �
K / Jk41.91� � S � �a 同仍变熵体气
Jk3.9819� � )%02 � 1( 1W � 3W � 3Q 则�功的%02 耗消多要耗损擦摩 .c
K / Jk93.6 � 41.91 � 35.52 � 2 , r S�� S�� 2 S� �变熵总
003 2 rT
K / Jk35.52 � � � 2, r S� �变熵源热故�K003 为度温源热而
57.7567 2Q�
K / Jk41.91� � S � �a 同也故�数函态状是变熵体气
Jk57.7567� � 2W � 2Q 即�a 同功耗与热放体气故�散耗擦摩无中程过 .b
0 � 1, r S�� S�� 1S� �变熵总
004 1 rT
K / Jk41.91 � � � 1, r S� �变熵源热
57.7567 1Q�
001 1p
K / Jk41.91� � nI � 413.8 �1� � 2 nIRn� � S� �变熵体气故
0001 p
42
0 � ) 2s � 3 s ( 2m � ) 1s � 3s ( 1m � S�
时此�大最为 3P 则�程过热绝逆可为如
C � 02 � 3 t � 1t 体气想理 3 3
'
h � 1' h � '
h � 2 � 2' h � 1 � 1' h � 1
2 2 t � 1t � 3 03
'
'
h � 1' h � h V � 2' h 02V � 1' h 01V�
0 � H� 则 0 � sW 功无, 0 � Q 热绝, sW � H� � Q 程方量能由
nim / 3 mN 2 � 03V 故 nim / 3mN1 � 01V 意题由而
2330.1 � 392 2T0P 2T 0T
nim / 3 mN1 � � � 02V� 2
� R 2m � 0 0
372 � 861321.0 � 9 0T2V2P V2P VP
03
V � 02V � 01V� 3m � 2m � 1m 程过续连由�解
5 1- 4
Jk7271 � 9832 � 6114 � 2Q � 1Q � W �3�
Jk9832 � 2Q �得
003
0�
� 469.7� � osiS� �
2
Q
003 72 � 372 气大T 气大
2
� � 2 � S�
Q 2Q Q
0 = 质 工 S�
T 1T T 1T� 源热
K / Jk469.7 � � p cm � � = S� 而
Td 2T Q � 2T
0 = 质工S�+ 气大S�+ 源热S� � osi S�
�有理原增熵系立孤由�程过逆可为须必则�小最 2Q 使若�2�
Jk6114 � T� p cm � H� � 1Q 故
。零为功轴因
sW � H� � Q �1�
�解
41-4
72 003 3 3 T
K / J 6650.0 � nI � � ] � ) ([nI 2 2 � 2 S �� 1S �� S � �变熵总
23 100.0 � 501 � 0.1 2 2 4 Vp
3 T 2V
nI � nIRM 2n � 2 S � �变熵体气侧右
2 2V2p '2V
3 T 1V 1T 1V
nI � nI � nIRM1n � 1S � �变熵体气侧左
4 2V2p 2 1V 1V1p 1V
' '
3 3
3
m 7666000.0 � 1V � '2V � 3m333100.0 � 1V � '1V �得解可是于
2 4
2p 2V
1V2 � 2V � 1V 于由又 2� � ' �则
' ' 1p '1V
2
V � 1V 有且� 2' p � 1' p 时衡平塞活又
2 2
' '
V p � 2V2p � '1V1' p � 1V1p 则� '2V � '1V 为别分积容边两右左态终设
K 003 � T � ' T �有故
52
fT fT
) iT2 � f T � (cm � nimW �有入代 � gT 将
T i T i
2 2
i
T � gT� f T �有
2
iT iT T iT T iT
0 � ) g nI � f nI (cm � 0� �� � 故
T T Tdcm gT Tdcm fT
0= 质工S�� 源功S�� 源冷S�� 源热S�� osi S� 增熵系立孤�程过逆可对而
) f T � iT(cm � ) iT � gT(cm � 2Q � 1Q � nim
W 由
gT 温终体物热加被设�程过逆可为必则�小最功需如
�解
7 1 -4
Jk543.8 � J 5438 � nimW
�得解可� 0 � osiS� 令�小最功用所时逆可
592
� 1901� � osiS� 故
W � 005313
592 592 0T 0T
� � � = 气大S�
W � 005313 W � )082 � 592( � 0814 � 5 W � 2Q� 1Q
592 2T 2T
592� 592� 水
K / J1901� � nI p cm � 2 p = = S�
082 T � cm 082 2Q � 082
0= 源功S� � 0 = 机冷制S� �中其
源功 osi
S�+ 气大S�+ 机冷制S�+ 水S� � S�
�为变熵�系立孤的成组源功、水、气大、机冷制对�意题由
�解
61-4
。数参态状个两需少至因� 3P 出不求� 3T 有只
0T1P
nim / 3m901.1 � 0 0 1
� 1V
VP T
5
0 1 � 3 7 1 .2 �
6 8 13 2 1 .0 � 01 � 8 9 .0 � 9 � 9 0 1 . 1 � 5 0 1 � 89 . 0 �
5
2 2 V P � 1V1P � 3V3P
用仅如�意注
aPM3.0 � 9 � 2P 1P � 3P �
2P 1P
2P � 1P � 3P � ) 2P 1P (nl � 3P nl 2 � 0 � ) 3 nl � 3 nl(R � � s� 则
2 P P
2P 2P 2 T
3P
nl R � � 3 nl R � 3 nl p C � 32s�
P T
1P 1P 1T
3P
nl R � � 3 nl R � 3 nl p C � 31s� �
P T
3T � 2T � 1T � 0 � 2 s � 3s � 1s � 3s 要只么那
2 m � 1m 有故 气空为均且, 02V � 01 V�
62
Jk566.4� �
892
])892 � 372( � nl 0T[mc �
372
1T T 1W � T� ' T
T�mc � 2
nl 0Tmc � Td)1 � (mc � � 1W � 2 �
0
T T '
q� T
�为量功算计接直�二法
元6100.0 � 10.0 � 61.0 为费电小最
h � Wk10.0 � Jk 792.53 � 2W � 1W � W 量功总、3
Jk56.03 �| 2W |
892 892
0�0� � � 422.1� 故
| 2W | 1.433
0 � 泵热S� � 气大S� � 冰�水S� � osiS�
892 892 892 0T
� � � � 气大S�
| 2W | 1.433 | 2W | � 2' Q 1' Q

372 T 冰�水
K / Jk422.1� � � � S�
1.433� 2' Q�
81
Jk1.433 � �1 � rm � 2' Q
5.3106
�程过逆可为也� 2W 出求、2
Jk746.4 � 892 � )2253.0 � 8763.0( �| 1W | 得解
892
0�0� � 8763.0� � 泵热S� � 气大S� � 水S� � osiS� �
| 1W | �69.401
892 0T 0T
� � � 气大S�
| 1W | �69.401 | 1W | � 1Q 1Q
892 892 T 892� 水
K / Jk8763.0� � nl 3891.4 �1 � nl cm � p � S�
372 372 td cm 372
Jk69.401 � )0 � 52( � 3891.4 �1 � t� p cm � 2Q
程过逆可为必�小最功使为� 1W 求先、1
冰 水 水
C00 C00 C052
2 Q 2Q

2W 1W
1 Q 1Q

K892=0T
2W � 1W � W 量功要需中程过的冰度 0 成制水度 52�一法
�解
8 1 -4
72
�解
1 -5
章五第
p ,x e
%001 � xam
� xe�
w
�为率效用火大最的环循该
6582 q
%15.36 � � � t�
4181 xamw
�为率效热大最的环循该
gk / Jk4181 � p , xe � xamw 即
003 � 372 T 1
gk / Jk4181 � nI p c 0T � q � q �) 0 � 1( � � p , xe
058 � 372 T 2
�为用火量热其
gk / Jk6582 � )003 � 058( p c � q
�为量热吸� C 058 到高升 C 003 由下压定氮 gk1
� �
�解
12-4
w
%6.38 � 2 � xe��5�
h , xe
gk / Jk82.13� � 6.951 � 88.091� � nim
w � sw � � �4�
gk / Jk6.951� � 1h, xe � 2h, xe� � nimw �3�
1p 1T
gk / Jk6.951 � ) 2 nIR � 2 nI p c( 0T � 88.091 � ) 0s � 2s ( 0T � ) 0h � 2h ( � 2h, xe �处口出
p T
1h , x
0 � ) 0s � 1s ( 0T � ) 0h � 1h( � e �处口进�2�
gk / Jk88.091� � ) 2t � 1t( p c � 2h � 1h � sw �1�
�解
0 2- 4
Jk9.731 � 474.0 � )81 � 372( � osiS� 0T � � 为失损力能功作中程过逆可不此�以所
1p 1T
K / Jk474.0 � ) 2 nIR � 2 nI p c(m � 质工S� � osiS�
p T
�有�统系立孤的成组器拌搅、气空、器容对
06 � 372 1T
aPM31.0 � � 1p � 2p �程过容等对
)071 � 372( � 890.0 2T
�解
91-4
。上同果结
2T � 0T
372 81 2T
Jk95.03 � � � 2
� 2W
52 5.3106 q'
82
1p
k
�� 2p
时 3.1=k�1�
�解
2- 5
2v � 1v
gk756500.0 � � m 中其
6�
01 � 0034
01� 0034 hV
aP 601 � 69.6 � 6� � � mP 用可或
0511� 756500.0 tenwm
5.8 �
gk / 3m101.0 � � � 2v
168.0 1v
1P
gk / 3m168.0 � 1 � 1v 中其
TR
101.0 � 168.0 2v � 1v hv
aP 601� 69.6 � � t 1 � ten � mP 力压效有均平�3�
575.0 � 029 �q w
5.8 �
%5.75 � 575.0 � 4.0 � 1 � 1� k � 1 � t��2�
1 1
5. 8 4.0

K 548 �
� 8891 � 1� k 3T � 4T
1 1
5. 8 � 2v 4v 3p
4.1
aP 501 �18.2 � � 601� 36.5 � k � 3p � 4p � )
k 1
( � k) 3 ( � 4
1 1 v v p
示表点 4 用态状了终程过胀膨
607 2T
a P 0 1 � 3 6. 5 � 8 8 9 1 �
6
� 3T 2 � 3p
6
01 � 2 p
7 8 2. 0 R
K 8891 � 607 � � 029 � 2T � � 3�2q � 3T �
4. 0 1� k
1� k
) 2T � 3T( � 3� 2 q
R
点 3 为记态状了终程过热加
V 0
1
4
2
3
P
2v 1T
K 607 � 4.0
5.8 � 003 � 1� k �1T � 2T � 1� k ) 1 ( � 2
v T
2v 1p
aP 601� 2 � 4.15.8 � 501 � k �1p � 2p � k ) 1 ( � 2
v p
�有则�点 2 图下为录记态状了终程过缩压�1�
92
hV
2V � 1V
aP 01� 91.1 �
6
� � � mP
7.091 W

5. 2 1 �
s / 3 m 5 3 9 3 1 0. 0 � 1 � 1 � 2 V
V V �
� �
01 1p
5
s / m 9 1 4 7 1. 0 �
3
� � 1V �4�
392 � 782 � 41702.0 1TR m �

1Q
003
%6.36 � 636.0 � � 1 � 2� � 1 � t��3�
3.901 Q

s / Jk 7.091 � 3.901 � 003 � 2Q � 1Q � W �2�
� � �
s / Jk3.901 � )392 � 6.8201( � 717.0 � 41702.0 � ) 1T � 4T( v c m � 2Q
� �
5.21 �
K 6.8201 � 4.0 � 5282 � 1� k 3T � 4T
1 1
5.21
4.1

aP 501� 594.3 � � 701 � 2.1 � k 3P � 4P
1 1
7.408 2T
aP 701 � 2.1 � 5282 � � 3T 2 � 3P
6
01 � 34.3 p
vc m
717.0 � 41702.0
K5282 � � 7.408 � 1 � � 2T � 3T
003 Q

s / Jk003 � 82 / 2.0 � 00024 � 1Q

K 7.408 � 4.0
5.21 � 392 � 1� k �1T � 2T
aP 601� 34.3 � 4.15.21 � 501 � k �1p � 2p
780.0
5.21 � � � 有故
780.1
2V
1 � � 1 � 1V 2V � 1V
780.0 � � � 2 � 比隙余�1�
1 1 V
4、3、2 以标态终�胀膨、热加、缩压向方环循按�1 为态状始初�解
3 -5
4.0
5. 7 �
% 3. 3 5 � 3 3 5. 0 � � 1 � 1� k � 1 � t�
1 1
K 836 � 4. 0
5.7 � 582 � 1� k �1T � 2T
aP 0 1 � 5 6. 1 �
6
5.7 � 01� 8.9 � �1p � 2p
4.1 4 k
时 4.1=k�2�
3.0
5. 7 �
%4.54 � 454.0 � � 1 � 1� k � 1 � t�
1 1
K 6. 1 2 5 � 3. 0
5.7 � 582 � 1� k �1T � 2T
aP 601� 53.1 � 3.15.7 � 4 01� 8.9 � k �1p � 2p
03
01 � 9 1p
4
gk / 3m209.0 � � � 4v
382 � 782 1TR
01 � 51.5 3p
6
gk / 3m231.0 � � � 3v
3732 � 782 3TR
aP 01 � 51.5 � 81 � 01� 9 � �1p � 2p � 3p
4.1 4 k
6
s 0
1
4
2
3
T
v 0
1
4
3 2
P
�解
5-5
6
4.0

%2.15 � 215.0 � � 1 � 1� k � 1 � t �
1 1
�率效热环循�3�
6 � 01 1P
5
h / 3 m 5 3. 4 1 � � � 2V � h / 3m1.68 � � � 1V �中其
1.68 1V � 003 � 782 � 001 1TR m �
� �
2 1 h
53.41 � 1.68 V � V V
aP 01 � 58.3 �
5
� � � � � � mP
95672 W W
� �
�为力压效有均平�2�
Wk6.7 � h / Jk95672 � ])003 � 176( �17.0 � 045[ � 001 � ) 1T � 4T( vc m � 1q m � W
� � �
6
4.0

K176 � � 5731 � 1� k � 3T � 4T
1 1
17.0 vc
K5731 � � 416 � 1 � 2T � 3T
045 q
K 416 � 4.0
6 � 003 � 1� k �1T � 2T
率功出输求�1�
�解
4 -5
13
5v
K 997 � 1� k ) 4 ( 4T � 5T
v
9551 3T
gk / 3m1180.0 � 6502 � � 4T � 3 � 4v
5 1 6 0 . 0 v
41 �
gk / 3m5160.0 � � � 2v � 3v
168.0 1v
01 1p
5
gk / 3m168.0 � � � 1v
003 � 782 1TR
500.1 pc
K 6502 � � 9551 � 1 � 3T � 4T
005 '
q
717.0 vc
K 9551 � � 268 � 1 � 2T � 3T
005 q
K 268 � 4.0
41 � 003 � 1� k �1T � 2T �题由�1�
�解
7- 5
。 K4302 � 3T 指是 4 T 处此为因
1� k
�1T
� K 049 � 4T 用误而� 4
� � 有故� 1 � � 令� 1� k �1T�� � 4T 的中环循想理烧燃合混用能可人有�意注
T
33.1 � 4.1 � 30.3 )1 � � ( k k �
06.0 � �1 � � 1 � t�
1 � 7 2. 3 1� k �
378 2T 2v
3 3. 2 � � � ��
4302 3T 3v
�二法
4. 5 2 6 1 )378 � 4302( � 4.1 ) 1T � 3T( p c
995 .0 � �1 � � 1 � 1 4 v � 1 � t�
256 882 � 049 ) T � T( c
4 2
k k k
K 4302 � 331� 29.6 �12.2 � 4.1049 � 4.1378 � 4.1 61 � T T � � 3T 故
1 4.0 4.0 1 1� k 1� k
3 T 3T
1� k 2v 1� k 2
1 1
v 2v
3
4
� 2T � 1 � 4 4
� � v 2 � 3T
2
1� k
T v 1� k
Tv T T
1 1
K378 � 4.0
61� 882 � 1� k �1T � 2T
�一法
�解
6- 5
1 0 5 0. 0
5 2. 7 )1 � ( � 4.1� 4.081
2 3 1. 0 )1 � � ( k1� k �
3 0 6. 0 � �1 � 1 0 5 0. 0 �1 � � 1 � t�
8 8. 2 1� k �
1 � 4.1) (
2 3 1. 0
2 0 9. 0 4v
aP 5 0 1 � 9 4. 3 � 4.1
) ( � 01 � 51.5 � k ) 3 ( 3p � 4p
2 3 1. 0 6 v
gk / 3m1050.0 � � / 1v � 2v
23
87 2 1T 1T 1p
8. 5 3 � 4.0
) (� 1� k
)3 (� 1� k
) 2 ( � 2 为比缩压时此
4. 1
37 7 k
T k
T p
。零为量功做环循是就也 3
T � 2T � 4T � 1T 即
1p 1� k 1p 1� k
] k
) ( � 1[
2
� ] k ) 2 ( � 1[ 1
1� k
p 4TRk
1� k
p TRk
�有应�时 Tw � cw 足满当�解
0 1 -5
4.1
5 k

963.0 � 4.0 � 1 � 1� k � 1 � t��为率效热环循
1 1
005 1 � 4.1
Wk7371 � ) 4.1 ) ( � 1( � 4 � tW m � tw 量功作机轮气燃
4.0
001 3711 � 782 � 4.1 � �
001 1 � 4.1 1p 1� k
Wk886� � ) )4.1
( � 1( �4 � ] k
) 2 ( � 1[ 1 m � cw 量功耗机气压�解
4.0
005 392 � 782 � 4.1 1� k
p TRk � �
9-5
363 1T
K 59.0001 � 4.1
375 � 4.1368 � 4.1) ( � k 5T k 3T k ) 2 ( � 4T
1 4.0 1
376 1 1� k 1
T
2T
1� k
) 1 ( 1v 3
4T 1T 1v 1T T v
1 3T � 3T � 4T
1� k 4
) 5 ( 1� k ) 2 ( 3T � 4 � 1� k ) 2 ( � 3T �
1
T 1 T v 1 T v 4v
�法方述下用可也 4T 求
1001
736.0 � � 1 � ct ��率效热环循诺卡限温同
363
)368 � 1001( � 4.1 � )376 � 368( ) 3T � 4T( k � ) 2T � 3T(
254.0 � �1 � � 1 � t��率效热环循
363 � 375 1T � 5T
K1001 � 61.1 � 368 � 500.1 e3T � 4T �
941.0
3T
) K � gk( / Jk941.0 � 871.0 � 723.0 � 3� 2 S� � 5�1S� � nl p c
4T
376 2T
) K � gk( / Jk871.0 � nl � 717.0 � 3 nl vc � 3�2 S�
368 T
363 1T
) K � gk( / Jk723.0 � nl � 717.0 � 5 nl vc � 5 �1 S�
375 T
图题上同示图�解
8- 5
0001 1q
%2.46 � � � t��率效热环循�2�
246 tenw
gk / Jk246 � 853 � 0001 � 2q � 1q � tenw �为功净以所
gk / Jk853 � )003 � 997( � 717.0 � ) 1T � 5T( vc � 2q �为量热放故
33
gk / Jk0161 � 9.0 � 9871 � t�� tw � ' tw
�为量功作际实
k

4 9. 2 1 � 7 6 6. 1 1� k
gk / Jk9871 � ] 766.1
) ( � 1[ � ) 1� k � 1( 3 � tw
766.0
1 3 8 9 � 8 7 0 2 � 7 6 6. 1 1 TRk
�为量功作想理机轮气燃
58.0 c�
gk / Jk4401� � � � cw
888� cw '
�为量功耗际实
1 � 766.1 1� k
gk / Jk888� � ) 766.1
49.2 � 1( � ) � � 1( 1 � cw
766.0
713 � 8702 � 766.1 1�kk TRk
�为量功耗想理的机气压
49.2 � )1.3 � 58.0 � 9.0( � tpo � 比压增佳最
766.0�2
766.1
713 1T
1.3 � � � � 比温增环循
389 3T
�解
2 1- 5
tenw
565
s / gk4401.0 � � � �m
95 w �

�为率流量质的气氮
gk / Jk565 � 9601 � 4361 � ' cw � ' tw � ten
w �为功净环循
'
gk / Jk4361 � 9.0 � 6181 � t�� tw � ' tw
�为量功作际实
k

3 1 � 7 6 6. 1 1� k
gk / Jk6181 � ] 766.1
) ( � 1[ � ) 1� k � 1( 3 � tw
766.0
1 3 8 9 � 8 7 0 2 � 7 6 6. 1 1 TRk
�为量功作想理机轮气燃
58.0 c�
gk / Jk9601� � � � cw
909� cw '
�为量功耗际实
1 � 766.1 1� k
gk / Jk909� � ) 766.13 � 1( � ) � � 1( 1 � cw
766.0
713 � 8702 � 766.1 1�kk TRk
�为量功耗想理的机气压�解
11-5
gk / Jk97 � c'w � T'w � ten
w
4. 0 2P 1� k
g k / J k 6 3 4 � ] 4. 1 9 5 3 0 . 0 � 1[ � ] k ' ) 1 ( � 1[ 3 � T' w
4. 0
3 7 7 � 7 8 2 � 4. 1 1� k
P T Rk
4. 0 1P 1� k
gk / Jk 753� � ] 4.1 9.71 � 1[ � � ] ) ( � 1[ 1 � cw
4.0
872 � 782 � 4.1 1�kk ' 2P TRk '
1P 1P
9.71 � 8.53 � 5.0 � ) 2 ( � 5.0 � ') 2 ( 为比缩压的后低降
P P
43
s/gk 58.41 率流量质�gk/Jk 202 量功做环循大最
202 tenw
s / gk58.41 � � ' �m
0003 w �

gk / Jk202 � 172 � 374 � c'w � T'w � ten
w
'
gk / Jk374 � 58.0 � 735 � T�Tw � T'w
4.1
99.6 k

4.0 1 � k
gk / Jk735 � ] 4.0 � 1[ � ] 1� k � 1[ 3 � Tw
1 0031� 782 � 4.1 1 TRk
� c c
8.0
gk / Jk172� � 712� � cw � 'w
4.0 1� k
gk / Jk 712� � ] 4.1 99.6 � 1[ � ] � � 1[ 1 � cw
4.0
192 � 782 � 4.1 1�kk TRk
192
9 9. 6 � 8.0
)
� 5 8. 0 � 8. 0 ( � ) �� io�� c�( � tpo � �解
)1� k ( 2
0031
4.1 k
4 1- 5
434 1q
6.0 � � 1 � 2 � 1 � t�
271 q
4.0
gk / Jk271 � )392 � 464( � � ) 1T � '2T( p c � 2q
782 � 4.1
1� k
gk / Jk434 � )147 � 3711( � � ) '4T � 3T( p c � 1q
Rk
005 2p 3p
K147 � 4.1
) ( � 3711 � k
) 1 ( 3T � k
) 4 ( 3T � 4T
4.0
001 1� k
p 1� k
p
001 1p
K 464 � 4.1
) ( � 392 � k
) 2 ( 1T � 2T
4.0
005 1� k
p
S
1
4 2
3 T
4T � 2T 算计需现�解
3 1- 5
tenw
665
s / gk2401.0 � � � �m
95 w �

�为率流量质的气氮
gk / Jk665 � 4401 � 0161 � ' cw � ' tw � ten
w �为功净环循
'
53
1p
K 983 � 4.1
7.2 � 392 � k
) 2 ( 1T � 4T � 2T
4.0 1� k
p
S
1 3
2
4
8 6
7 5
T �解
6 1 -5
S
1
a2 2
a4 4
3
T
2T � 4T
。动变度温的成造逆可不因了略忽� ) 2T � 4T(m p c � rq 或 2
� r �为误错型典
T � a 2T
r �) a 2T � a 4T(m p c � rq �量热省节质工位单
a 2T � a 4T
a2
� r�
T � A 2T
�为应度热回�图意示环循出画
。误有解理的度热回对学同多很�示提
。Wk 7.8863 量热省节
省节 省节
Wk 7.8863 � 3.842 � 58.41 � qm � Q
� �
gk / Jk3.842 � 29.0 ��7.065 � 4.928�� 500.1 � 器热回 ' '
�) 2T � 4T( p c � 省节q
500.1 pc
K 4.928 � � 0031 � T � 3T � '4T
374 '
w
500.1 pc
K 7.065 � � 192 � � 1T � '2T
172 cw �
'
4 2
' T 和 ' T 算计需�解
5 1 -5
63
�功做级压低
c �
gk / Jk771 � hc � hc'w
w
� 3p �
K 464 � 4.1
4 � 2.903 � � � 3T � 4T
4.0 k
� 4p �
1� k
K 2.903 � 8.48 � 493 � 8.0 � ) 1T � 2T( � 2T � 3T
gk / Jk051 � )2.903 � 954( � 400.1 � ) 3T � 4T( p c � hcw
�量功耗的机气压级压高
6 8. 0
gk / Jk321 � � lc'w
60 1
gk / Jk601 � )882 � 493( � 400.1 � ) 1T � 2T( p c � lcw
� 1p �
K 49 3 � 4. 1
3 � 882 �
� � 1T � 2T
4.0
� 2p � k
1� k
�量功耗机气压级压低�解
9 1 -5
gk / Jk69.194 � 205 � 69.399 � cw � Tw � ten
w
gk / Jk69.399 � )047 � 5321( � 400.1� 2 � ) 6T � 5T( p c2 � Tw
gk / Jk205 � )373 � 326( � 400.1� 2 � ) 3T � 4T( p c2 � cw
6P
K5321 � 4.1
6 � 047 �
) 5 ( 6T � 5T k
4.0
P 1� k
6 4p
K373 � 4.1
) ( � 326 � k
) 3 ( 4T � 3T �解
4.0
1 1� k
p
8 1- 5
235
836.0 � � Rt �
2.933
gk / Jk235 � 662 � 2 � 1q �解
71-5
662 � 7.686 1q
653.0 � � ten � t�
2.933 w
gk / Jk662 � ) 6T � 7T � 3T � 2T( p c � 21q
gk / Jk7.686 � )983 � 3701( � 400.1 � ) 4T � 5T( p c � 11q
gk / Jk2.933 � cw � Tw � tenw
gk / Jk235 � )9.708 � 3701( � 400.1� 2 � ) 6T � 5T( p c2 � Tw
gk / Jk8.291 � )392 � 983( � 400.1 � 2 � ) 1T � 2T( p c2 � cw
7.2 5p
K 9.708 � 4.1
)
( � 3701 � k ) 6 ( 7T � 8T � 6T
1
4.0 1� k
p
73
�得表查先首
�解
h/t 7.2 量煤需
3- 6
汽蒸和饱湿 汽蒸和饱湿 汽蒸热过 汽蒸和饱湿 水和饱未 态状
�61.6� �588.6� �23.5� ] K � gk / Jk[ s
9090.7 5757.2
0041.6 2978.6 0342.5 熵比
�0412� �3752� �1133� �0252� ] gk / Jk[ h
8.6801
5.3212 6.5752 4.3233 5.1942 焓比
�5.72� �371.0� �70.0� ] gk / 3m[ v
710.0 7422100.0
346.82 89471.0 36170.0 容比
�728.0�328.0 9.0 —— �48.0�3818.0 —— x 度干
�92�189.82 �051�88.971 054 �303�13.303 052 ]℃[ t 度温
400.0 1 5.4 9 02 ] aPM [ p 力压
�5� �4� �3� �2� � 1� 号题
果结图查为内”��“中其�示所图下如果结表查�解
2 -6
汽蒸和饱湿 汽蒸和饱湿 汽蒸热过 汽蒸和饱湿 水和饱未 态状
9090.7 0041.6 2978.6 0342.5 5757.2 ]K*gk/Jk[ s
5.3212 6.5752 8.3233 5.1942 8.6801 ]gk/Jk[ h
346.82 89471.0 36170.0 710.0 7422100.0 ]gk/3m[ v
328.0 9.0 - 3818.0 - x
189.82 88.971 054 13.303 052 ]℃[ T
400.0 1 5.4 9 02 ]aPM[ P
)5( )4( )3( )2( )1(
1 -6
章六第
。大不响影果结后最对但
� ) 1T � 2T(8.0 � 2T � 3T 成理处�动变度温的成造逆可不因了略忽学同多很外另� 2T8.0 � 3T 为认误错学同
�度温点 3
有� ) 1T � a 2T(8.0 � a 2T � 3T 为解理应 ”%08 的升温机气压级压低为降下度温气空使却冷间中“
意注。可即功术技算计差焓用利�度温点各出求次依�图意示环循出画。到用有没度热回里这�示提
014
s / gk6.41 � � m 率流量质
0006 �
gk / Jk014 � lc'w � hc'w � lT'w � hT'w � ten
w
'
gk / Jk883 � 68.0 �154 � io�� hTw � hT'w
5p
gk / Jk154 � )429 � 3731( � 400.1 � ] k
) 6 ( 5T � 5T[ p c � ) 6T � 5T( p c � hTw
1� k
p
�功做级压高
gk / Jk913 � 68.0 �173 � io�� LTw � LT'w
7p
gk / Jk113 � )3001 � 3731( � 400.1 � ] k
) 8 ( � 7T � 7T[ p c � ) 8T � 7T( p c � LTw
1� k
p
83
gk / Jk2.1652 � ' ' 2h � gk / Jk77.731 � ' 2h
) K � gk( / Jk2593.8 � ' ' 2s � ) K � gk( / Jk2674.0 � '2s
�得表查 aPM500.0 � 2p 据根
gk / Jk7.0333 � 1h � ) K � gk( / Jk9739.6 � 1s
�得表查 C 054 � 1t � aPM 4 � 1p 由
0
程过熵等�解
6- 6
Wk 8153 � )1.3802 � 9.7113( � 4.3 � ) 2h � 1h( G �| sw | �G � N
gk / Jk 1.3802 � 5.151� )6997.0 � 1( � 1.7652 � 699.0 � 2h
9025.0 � 5033.8
6997.0 � � 2x
9025.0 � 6567.6
] gk / Jk[ 1.7652 � ''h ] gk / Jk[ 5.151 � 'h
] K � gk / Jk[ 5033.8 � '' s
] K � gk / Jk[ 9025.0 � ' s
] K � gk / Jk[ 6567.6 � 2s � 1s � aPM60.0 � 2p 于对
9.7113 2.5113 2.7313 ] gk / Jk[ h
6567.6 3447.6 5759.6 ] K � gk / Jk[ s
rab 92 rab 03 rab 02
时 ℃053 �有表查�解
5-6
40.4
%7.0 � %001 � ��
210.4 � 40.4
几无差相法方种两�见可
gk / Jk210.4 � 01� )40.0 � 04( � 400100.0 � p�v� � pdv � � � p W
5
式公用若
gk / Jk40.4 � 14.121 � 54.521 � 1h � 2h � p W
�值插� gk / Jk 54.521 � 2h h � gk / Jk4224.0 � 2s aPM4 至缩压熵等
gk / m400100.0 � 1v gk / Jk 14.121 � 1h h � gk / Jk4224.0 � 1s aPk4 水和饱
3
�得表查
�解
gk/Jk 210.4�2�
gk/Jk 40.4�1�
4- 6
00003 00003
h / t7.2 � h / gk 301 � 7.2 � 701 � � �'G
8.0 / 2725.6 8.0 / Q
�量煤需
h / Jk 01� 2725.6 � )57.921 � 53.3933( � 01� 02 � ) 1h � 2h( G � Q
7 3
�量热吸
gk / Jk53.3933 � 2h �时℃084 apM5.4
gk / Jk57.921 � 1h �时℃03 apM5.4
93
。量热 Jk 01 � 37.5 入加要需�况情的汽放�量热 Jk 5476 入加要需�况情的水放
5
0 1- 6
gk / Jk1.082� �
])732 � 3892( � )52.791 � 2182([ � 3.573� �
])970.0 � 01� 05 � 3892( � )3620.0 � 201� 57 � 2182([ � 3.573� �
2
]) 1v1p � 1h( � ) 2 v 2 p � 2h([ � q � u� � q � w 功缩压
gk / Jk3.573 � 556.0 � 375 � )98.5 � 545.6( � )372 � 003( � s� T � q 热放则
汽蒸热过为均态状 2�1
K � gk / Jk98.5 � 2s�gk / Jk2182 � 2h�aPM5.7 � 2p
3
�得图查 ℃003 � 1t � 2t和 gk / m3620.0 � 1 � 2v 由
3 v
gk / Jk3892 � 1h � K � gk / Jk545.6 � 1s � gk / 3m970.0 � 1v
�得可图查 ℃003 � 1t 和 aPM3 � 1p 由
�便方更图查近附线和饱�做图查�解
9- 6
。上以 aPM41 压耐少至器容�全安证保为�2�
Jk8361 �
]) 1p � 2p (v � ) 1h � 2h([ � 02 �
]) 1v1p � 1h( � ) 2v 2p � 2h([ � 02 � ) 1u � 2u(m � Q �1�
gk / Jk8.971 � 2h � aPM41 � 2p
�得可表查 gk / m 01� 7100.1 � 1v � 2v � C 04 � 2t
3 3� �
gk / Jk48 � 1h � gk / 3m 3�01� 7100.1 � 1v
�时 aPM1.0 � 1p � C 02 � 1t �有表查

�解
8-6
力压对绝—力压气大=度空真 意注�示提
。Jk 4712 量热出放汽乏 gk1�倍 23212 小缩积体
gk / Jk84.151 � 2h � gk / 3m64600100.0 � 2v �得可
aPM 600.0 � 4p � bp � p �水和饱于对
gk / Jk11.5232 � 1h � gk / 3m5632263.12 � 1v �得可
9.0 � x � aPM 600.0 � 4p � bp � p �力压对绝汽乏�解
7 -6
s 2h � 1h
%2.38 � 2 1 � io�率效内对相机轮汽
h� h
gk / Jk9.8132 � 77.731 � )9.0 � 1( � 2.1652 � 9.0 � 2h �时 9.0 � 2x 又
gk / Jk2.5112 � 77.731� )618.0 � 1( � 2.1652 � 618.0 � s 2h
2674.0 � 2593.8
618.0 � � s 2x 故
2674.0 � 9739.6
04
) ' h � ' ' h( *m � Q �为量热的入加
' *
v m � ' ' v)003 � *m( �水放
'
v) *m � 003( � ' ' v*m �汽放
�得变不积体由� �为量质的水的化气中程过设是二

h tuom � 1u1m � 2u2m � VC
W � nih nim � tuoh tuom � VCE� � Q �水放
''
h tuom � 1u1m � 2u2m � VC
W � nih nim � tuoh tuom � VCE � � Q �汽放
'
�琐繁为较�算计数参等容比、力压、焓的态状后前过通�程方量能统系口开用利是一
。法方种两有量热的入加算计。 �谨严够不�步一这做有没学同分部大�汽蒸和饱湿为
仍其证验�v 容比的后质工 gk 003 走放算计。变不都积体总、力压、度温的后前质工 003 走放�示提
Jk 501 � 37.5 � 8.8881 � 6.303 � r � )003 � 汽m�( � Q 汽放
Jk9976 � 8.8881� 6.3 � r � 汽m� � Q 水放
gk6.3 � 42.05 � 48.35 � 汽m� �
水2 汽2
gk69.5493 � 48.35 � 8.9993 � m gk48.35 � 64310.0 � 8.9993 � m �二法
] Jk[ 501 � 437.5 � 4.7972 � 003 � 538562� � '' h � tuom � v, cE� � Q 汽放
] Jk[5476 � 6.809 � 003 � 538562� � ' h � tuom � v, cE� � Q 水放
] Jk[538562� � 9461893 � 4185173 �
)623200.0 � 3�01� 501� 02
� 66.039( � 8.9924 � )5200.0 � 3� 01 � 501 � 021 � 439( � 8.9993 � 1u1m � 2u2m � b, c
E� 又
vcW � nih � nim � h � tuom � v, cE� � Q ��一法
gk / Jk439 � )6.809 � 4.7972( � 64310.0 � 6.809 � ) ' h � '' h( 2x � 'h � 2'' h
'
v � '' v
64310.0 � � 2x
v � 2v '
gk / m5200.0 � 8.9993 / 01 � 2m / V � 2v
3
gk8.9993 � 003 � 1m � 2m
�统系个整�后汽放或水放
gk / Jk66.039 � 86110.0 � )6.809 � 4.7972( � 6.809 � 1x ) ' h � '' h( � ' h � 1h
8.9924
gk / 3m623200.0 � � 1v
01
8.9924 1m
8 6 1 1 0. 0 �
� 汽1 � 1x �统系个整对
4 2. 0 5 m
gk8.9924 � 35.9424 � 42.05 � 水1m � 汽1m � 1m
6671100.0 v
gk35.9424 � � ' 2 � 水1m
01� 5.0
V
1
35990.0 v
gk42.05 � � '' 2 � 汽1m
01 � 5.0
V
1
gk / Jk4.7972 � ''h gk / Jk6.809 � 'h
gk / 3m35990.0 � '' v gk / 3m6671100.0 � 'v
:有表查 aPM2 � p 由
14
7063.0 1463.0 283.0 7973.0 t �
6.8313 4.1513 6.0813 4.3913 ] gk / Jk[1q
2311 7411 5121 5.2121 ] gk / Jk[ 净w
0712 5.7612 7802 3.2012 ] gk / Jk[ 2h
2x
238.0 3418.0
672.8 7474.8 ] K � gk / Jk[ '' s
1955.0 4224.0 ] K � gk / Jk[ ' s
2.2752 1.4552 ] gk / Jk[ ''h
83.361 14.121 ] gk / Jk[ 'h
7979.6 7979.6 ] K � gk / Jk[1s
2033 8.4133 2033 8.4133 ] gk / Jk[1h
图查 表查 图查 表查
目项
aPM 700.0 � 2p aPM400.0 � 2p
�算计表列面下�果结同不的表图查时压背同不达表的楚清了为
gk / Jk2033 � 1h 有则�图 s-h 查如
K � gk / Jk7979.6 � 1s � gk / Jk8.4133 � 1h
�有可表查 ℃044 � 1t � aPM5.3 � 1p 由�解
)h � Wk( / gk 41.3 率耗汽�%4.63 率效热�天夏
)h � Wk( / gk 79.2 率耗汽�%0.83 率效热�天冬
3- 7
56.2 906.2 21.3 60.3 ) h � Wk / gk ( D
%7.93 %31.04 %54.73 %83 tη
6.1243 8.7343 1803 1.3903 ) gk / Jk ( 1q
7531 7.9731 4511 20.5711 ) gk / Jk ( tenw
6812 5.9712 8402 4.8302 ) gk / Jk ( 2h
648.0 887.0 x
8332.7 3177.6 ) K � gk / Jk ( 1s
3453 2.9553 2023 5.4123 ) gk / Jk ( 1h
图查 表查 图查 表查
目项
C 0 005=1t C 0 004=1t
K � gk / Jk7474.8 � ' ' s � K � gk / Jk4224.0 � ' s � gk / Jk1.4552 � ' ' h � gk / Jk14.121 � ' h
�有表查� aPk4 � 2p 于对�解
2- 7
147.0 577.0 828.0 2x
85.2 16.2 57.2 ] )h � Wk( / gk [ d
7.34 3.24 4.93 ] %[ η
6.1023 0.5623 8.3233 ]gk/Jk[1q
1.8931 8.0831 5.9031 ]gk/Jk[w
41 9 4 ]aPM[ P
1 -7
章七第
24
� K � gk / Jk � 8262.7 � as� � C 0535 � at
� �� �点 a
� gk / Jk � 59.9253 � ah�� � aPM5.3 � ap
� � �
�� C 0 �� 54.192 � bt K � gk / Jk � 9014.6 � 1s � bs
� � � �点 b
� gk / Jk �34.4592 � bh�� � aPM5.3 � bp
� K � gk / Jk � 9014.6 � 1s� � C 0535 � 1t
� �� �点 1
� gk / Jk � 6.0933 � 1h�� � aPM5.61 � 1p
�得表查数参其
�示所图如点态状各�解
5-7
。考参供仅案答故�大较差相果结后最致导会差误数读�法方的图查了用使业作次本�明说
tenw
K � Wk / gk9133.4 � �d
0063
83.361 � 80.3913 1q
% 3 4. 7 2 � � ten � ' t�
5 0. 1 3 8 w
gk / Jk50.138 � '2h � 1h � ten
w
K � gk / Jk3206.7 � )1955.0 � 672.8( � 7219.0 � 1955.0 � ) 2' s � 2'' s ( '2x � 2' s � '2s
2
'
h � 2'' h 2
7 2 1 9. 0 � 2
� 'x
h � 2h
'
gk / Jk2632 � )72.4512 � 80.3913( � 8.0 � 80.3913 � ) 2h � 1h ( io� � 1h � 2' h
gk / Jk 72.4512 � )83.361 � 2.2752 ( � 5628.0 � 83.361 � ) 2' h � 2'' h( 2x � 2' h � 2h
1955.0 � 672.8 2' s � 2'' s
K � gk / Jk5628.0 � � � 2x
1955.0 � 3739.6 2' s � 2s
�知 K � gk / Jk3739.6 � 1s � 2s 由
K � gk / Jk672.8 � '' s � K � gk / Jk1955.0 � ' s � gk / Jk2.2752 � 2''h � gk / Jk83.361 � 2'h
�知 aPM 700.0 � 2p 由
K � gk / Jk3739.6 � 1s � gk / Jk80.3913 � 1h
�知 ℃083 � 1t 和 aPM 6.2 � 1p 由�解
4- 7
81.3 831.3 69.2 969.2 ] h � Wk / 汽 gk [ d
34
) gk / Jk1412( gk / Jk2.8312 � 2h
5528.0 � 2x K � gk / Jk69210.7 � 1s � 2s 又
� K � gk / Jk � 2593.8 � ''2s � K � gk / Jk � 2674.0 � '2s�
� � aPM500.0 � 2p �点 2
� gk / Jk � 2.1652 � ''2h � gk / Jk � 77.731 � '2h��
K � gk / Jk69210.7 � 1s � � C 0093 � 1t
� �� �点 1
) gk / Jk9023( gk / Jk81.9123 � 1h� � aPM 4.2 � 1p
据数图 s-h 为内号括�数参态状点各定确�图或�表查
�示所图如�解
6- 7
�85.44 � t� 时力阻有
�1.54 � �t 时力阻无
gk / Jk2522 � ' 2h gk / Jk8222 � 2h
gk / Jk0253 � eh gk / Jk5153 � ah gk / Jk7592 � bh gk / Jk8733 � 1h
�有则 图 s-h 查果如
� bh � eh � � � '2h � 1h �
%30.54 � � t��时力阻有
� 2
h � eh � � � bh � 1h �
'
%30.54�2�
� bh � ah � � � '2h � 1h � t
%55.54 �
� 2h � ah � � � bh � 1h � � ��时力阻无
%55.54�1�
gk / Jk8422 � ' 2h
968.0 � 2x'
K � gk / Jk8333.7 � es � 2s '
�点’2
gk / Jk5.5222 � ' 2h � 2x � 1� � ' ' 2h 2x � 2h
68.0 � 2x K � gk / Jk8262.7 � as � 2s
� K � gk / Jk �3163.8 � ''2s � K � gk / Jk � 5994.0 � '2s �
� � aPM5500.0 � 2p
� gk / Jk � 2.4652 � 2h � gk / Jk �19.441 � 2h��
'' '
�点 2
� K � gk / Jk � 8333.7 � es� � C 0535 � et
� �� �点 e
� gk / Jk � 9.4353 � eh�� � aPM3 � ep
44
aPM 600.0 � 2p �点 2
)2172 ( gk / Jk1.0272 � 2ah 5799.0 � 2a x
gk / Jk5.5272 � '' h gk / Jk4.165 � ' h
K � gk / Jk0399.6 � '' s K � gk / Jk7176.1 � ' s
K � g k / J k 7 9 7 9 . 6 � 2a s aPM3.0 � 2ap �点 2a
4 2 4 9 . 6 � 5 1 89 .6
)0403( gk / Jk4.9303 � 81.8103 � )81.8103 � 83.0403( � 4h
42 4 9 . 6 � 7 97 9 . 6
0.4203 83.0403 3.1503 ℃003
� gk / Jk �h
6.0003 81.8103 9.9203 ℃092
9767.6 5189.6 9321.7 ℃003
� K � gk / Jk �s
8607.6 4249.6 2680.7 ℃092
0.2 4. 1 0. 1 � aPM �力压
K � gk / Jk 7979.6 � 1s � 1as aPM 4.1 � 1ap �点 1a
K � gk / Jk 7979.6 � 1s
� ℃044 � 1t � aPM5.3 � 1p �点 1
)2033( gk / Jk8.4133 � 1h
S
2 3
2a 2a

1a 1a

1
T
�值图 s � h 查为内号括�有表查�解
7 -7
。大增率耗汽但�率效热高提可热回见可
)h � Wk( / gk 33.3 率耗汽�%2.53 率效热�环循肯朗
)h � Wk( / gk 15.3 率耗汽�%9.63 率效热�环循热回次一
2h � 1h R� 回, ten�
)73.3( h � Wk/汽 gk33.3 � � � R d )945.3( h � Wk/汽 gk15.3 � � 回d
0063 0063 0063
3h � 1h 回,1q
��77.43� %91.53 � 2
� R , t� ��36.63� %49.63 � 回, ten � t�
h � 1h �
)6.9672( � gk / Jk � 28.9772 � � ' ah � 1h ��回,1q
)5.4101( � gk / Jk � 9.6201 � � 2h � ah � � � � 1� � � ah � 1h ��回,ten�
)8321.0( 7321.0 � � � � 3h � ' ah � � � � 1� � � ' ah � ah � � �
gk / Jk77.731 � ' 2h � 3h �点 3 gk / Jk63.934 � ' ah � ' ah �点’a
� K � gk / Jk � 6992.7 � '' as � K � gk / Jk � 9063.1 � ' as�
� � aPM 21.0 � ap �点 a
� gk / Jk � 8.3862 � '' ah � gk / Jk � 63.934 � ' ah��
54
gk / Jk77.731 � '2h � 3h �点 3
)0422( gk / Jk5.6322 � � 2h � 2h � 2x � '2h � 2h
' ''
668.0 � 2x �
� K � gk / Jk � 2593.8 � '' s � K � gk / Jk � 2674.0 � ' s �
� � aPM500.0 � 2p �点 2
� gk / Jk � 2.1652 � h � gk / Jk � 77.731 � h��
'' '
)0782( gk / Jk4.6482 � ah �汽蒸热过为� s � es � as
''
aPM3.0 � ap �点 a
K � gk / Jk8333.7 � es � C 535 � et�
�� 0 � �点 e
)0253( gk / Jk9.4353 � eh� aPM3 � ep �
4793.6 � 7744.6
)8292( gk / Jk2.2392 � 2.4192 � )2.4192 � 8.1492( � bh
4793.6 � 4034.6
)082 � bt � 072( K � gk / Jk4034.6 � 1s � bs aPM3 � bp �点 b
)144.6( K � gk / Jk4034.6 � 1s � C 0535 � 1t�
�� � �点 1
)8833(
gk / Jk4.6933 � 1h� aPM 61 � 1p �
�有表查
�据数图查 s-h 为内号括�数参点各�解
8-7
1q
)%4.93( %7.93 � 净
� t�
w

w
)796.3( h � Wk / gk846.3 � �d
0063
1
)9.1742( gk / Jk 7.4842 � 'ah � 1h � 1q
)8.379( gk / Jk 7.689 � ) 2h � 2ah() 1� � 2 � � 1( � ) 2ah � 1ah() 1� � 1( ��1ah � 1h�� 净w
�故
2 2
)7241.0( 3241.0 � 2 � ) 3h � ' ah() 2 � � 1 � � 1( � ) ' ah � 2ah( 2 �
2 1 1
)4801.0( 4801.0 � 1� ) ' ah � ' ah() 1 � � 1( � ) ' ah � 1ah( 1 � 于由
2
gk / Jk4.165 � 2a' h � 'ah �点 2' a
1
gk / Jk1.038 � 1a' h � 'ah �点 1' a
gk / Jk5.151 � 2'h � 3h �点 3
)2512( gk / Jk2.9412 � 2h 728.0 � 2x
K � gk / Jk5003.8 � 2'' s gk / Jk1.7652 � 2'' h gk / Jk5.151 � 2' h
64
Wk03 � 6 � 5 � W ' � � Q
� �
1T
2T
�1 2T � 1T
5� � 1 � h )POC(
1 T
吨冷 22.6 � Wk42 � 6 � 4 � W � � 2 Q
� �
4 2T
52.1 � � 1 �
5 T
2T � 1T
4� 2 � R )POC( ��解
T
3- 8
Wk3.132 � 7.81 � 052 � W � 1Q � 2Q
� � �
4.31 c' �
Wk 7.81 � � �W
052 Q �

372 � 592 2T � 1T
4.31 � � 1 � c' � �解
592 T
2- 8
68.3
。吨冷 33.2 � � 2Q 量冷制故�Wk68.3 为吨冷每
9 �
Wk96.2 � 9 � 96.11 � 2Q � 1Q � W
� � �
43.3 �
Wk96.11 � � 9 � 2 � 2Q � 1Q
9 Q � �

43.3 � 54.4 � 57.0 � c �57.0 � �
542 � 003 2T � 1T
54.4 � � 2 � c�
542 T
为 c � 数系冷制的环循逆诺卡限温同�解
1 -8
章八第
%5.84 为率效热�gk/Jk2.7661 为功净�gk/Jk7.7343 为量热加�651.0 为率汽抽
ten �
)h � Wk/汽 gk(951.2 � � � �率耗汽
0063
)%59.74( %5.84 � 1q / ten� � t��率效热
)6.2143( gk / Jk 7.7343 � bh � eh � ' ah � 1h � 1q �量热吸
)4.6361( gk / Jk2.7661 � � 2h � ah � � � � 1� � ah � eh � bh � 1h � ten � �功比
3h � ah
)551.0( 4651.0 � 3
� � �率汽抽
h � ' ah
gk / Jk4.165 � ' ah � ' ah �点’a
74
。�K022 为材教版新�K002 为
1T 度温口出的器发蒸�K092 为 5T 度温口出器凝冷指是就�”间之 K002 和 K092 在作工“意注�示提
吨冷 17.0 � WK 47.2 � 3 � 219.0 � N � � Q
� �
5.46 � 2.531 2q � 1q
219.0 � � 2 � R )POC(
5.46 q
gk / Jk5.46 � )831 � 002( � 40.1 � ) 4T � 1T( p c � 2q
gk / Jk2.531 � )092 � 024( � 40.1 � ) 0T � R 2T( p c � 1q

K831 � 3.1
2.0 � 002 � k
) ( � 1T � 4T
3.0 1� k
1
K 024 � 3.1
5 � 092 � k
� � 0T � R 2T
3.0 1� k
s
4
1
1T
R3
R1
0T
5 3
R2
2
T
�1.1 为 POC�吨冷 558.0 是量冷制�材教新�219.0 为 POC�吨冷 17.0 是量冷制
6- 8
1� k

1� 4.1 / 4.0
6 1� k
694.1 � � � R ) POC( �6 为比压增
1 1
1� k

1� 4. 1 / 4. 0
3 1� k
17.2 � � � R ) POC( �3 为比压增
1 1
1� k

1� k
� R ) POC( 数系冷制�解
1
5 -8
'

t / Wk365.0 � �量功入输需么那
68.3
2T � 1T
38.6 � 2
� '�
T
�则�℃04 为度温限上环循果如

K 414 � 2 � 2T � 1T
T
0.2
39.1 � � � 么那�Wk0.2 要需”吨冷“1 为率功入输
68.3
�解
4 -8
84
�解
s/gk49600.0 Wk52.0 197.0 4 a431CFH
率流剂冷制 量功耗 xeη POC 质工
8- 8
Wk15.92 � W � 2Q � 1Q
� � �
6 2. 8 �
Wk 9 1 . 3 � � �W
23.62 2Q �

004 � 914
62.8 � ��
342 � 004
gk / Jk914 � 2h gk / Jk342 � 4h gk / Jk004 � 1h
�a431CFH 于对
Wk 78.92 � 5.3 � 23.62 � W � 2Q � 1Q
� � �
吨冷 28.6 � Wk23.62 � 5.3 � 25.7 � W � � 2Q
� �
6.375 � 3.095 1h � 2h
25.7 � � 4 1 ��
844 � 6.375 h� h
gk / Jk3.095 � gk / lack141 � 2h
gk / Jk844 � gk / lack 701 � 4h
gk / Jk6.375 � gk / lack731 � 1h
�得图 h � p 21-昂利氟查
S
1 5
3 4
2
T
态状和饱于处皆态状质工的口出器凝冷和器发蒸意题按�解
7-8
) 4T � R 3T( � ) R1T � R 2T( ) 4T � 1T( � ) 5T � R 2T( niQ � tuoQ
� � � taeher POC
4 T � R 3T 4T � 1T niQ
�下如法做确正。算计行进式
上用能不环循热回故�比压的环循热回是的指 � 的中式上�同相不比压环循热回非和热回的间限温同于由
1� k

上实事。算计 1� k
� POC 的环循热回非用接直�导误 热回非 � � 热回 � 的作工间限温同受要不�次其
1
94
gk / Jk1.52 � 1h � a 2h � w
5.175 � 6.695 1h � a 2h
29.4 � � 4 1 ��
844 � 5.175 h� h
gk / Jk6.695 � 57.0 / )5.175 � 3.095( � 5.175 � c��/ 1h � 2h�� 1h � a 2h
gk / Jk844 � gk / lack 701 � 4h
gk / Jk3.095 � gk / lack141 � 2h
gk / Jk5.175 � gk / lack5.631 � 1h
�图 h � p nl 21CFC 查�解
01-8
654 � 175 862
s / gk101.0 � �m %1.57 � )1 � ( � � � xe�
68.3 � 3 � 013
175 � 595 1h � 2h tenw
97.4 � � � 2 � �故
654 � 175 4h � 1h q
℃5� � 1t ℃73 � 0 t gk / Jk654 � gk / lack901 � 4h
gk / Jk595 � gk / lack241 � 2h gk / Jk175 � gk / lack5.631 � 1h
2
mc / fgk981.9 � aPM9.0 � 2p 2
mc / fgk66.2 � aPM162.0 � 1p
�得可图 h � p 21-CFC 用利�解
9 -8
4h � 1h
s / gk49600.0 � 2
�m
Q


Wk52.0 � � tenW �
Q

� 1T �
%1.97 � �1 � 0 � POC � xe�
� T�
1h � 2h 1h � 2h
4 � 4 1 � 5 1 � POC 故
h� h h� h
gk / Jk542 � 4h
gk / Jk024 � 2h
gk / Jk583 � 1h
�得图 h-p 查
h
1 5
2
4
3
pnl
05
23 2O, p
K � gk / J 9.519 � � c �解
3
01� 8681.4 � 7
4- 9
K � lomk / Jk 682.0 为数常体气合折� lomk / gk 30.92 为量质尔摩均平
7.14 4.41 2.622 7.71 )aPk( iP
351.0 30.0 727.0 90.0 iω
931.0 840.0 457.0 950.0 ix
2O O2H 2N 2OC i
3- 9
52.5 1.55 14.0 5. 4 57.9 )aPk( iP
570.0 786.0 210.0 630.0 191.0 iw
2O 2N 2OS O2H 2OC i
2- 9
2OC 2N
2492.0 � � 8507.0 � � �得解
169.881 � ) 2 N � � 1( � 939.692 � 2N � � iR i� � � R 而
01� 44 2
K � gk / J169.881 � 3� � OCR
3413.8
01� 82 2
K � gk / J 939.692 � 3� � NR 又
3413.8
313 T
K � gk / J 671.562 � � � R �解
661.0 � 01� 5 vp5
1 -9
章九第
。58.7 为数系能性时 a431CFH 即
1h � 2h
58.7 � � POC 则
�4h � 1h
gk / Jk042 � �4h � gk / Jk814 � 2h � gk / Jk893 � 1h 得图查�解
11-8
%4.26 � xe�
23
87.4 � ��
351
gk / Jk23 � 1h � a 2h � w
/ 1h � 2h�� 1h � a 2h
gk / Jk824 � 57.0 / )693 � 024( � 693 � c��
gk / Jk342 � 4h gk / Jk024 � 2h gk / Jk693 � 1h
�得图查则�a431CFH 用如
862
%3.46 � )1 � ( � 29.4 � xe�
303
15
T' R
Vp � 'm
'
M
�R
RM
2 2
'
� M � 1' �1 M � ' M
�定确可 2 � 与 1 � 的知已由�况情的后电放充器容�2�
' '
m 2� � 2m
) 2 �2 M � 1 �1 M ( 2
2 2 � M� �
TR
Vp � m
M
�R
RM
2 2
� M � 1 �1 M � M
�定确可 2 � 与 1 � 的知已由�况情的来原器容�1�
�解
5 -9
K � h / Jk23.821 � ) xims�( � n � lom6.30341 � n

OC M aM 2O
M
OC 2O
68.2417 � OC � n 9 9. 6 6 5 3 � a � a n 57.3953 � 2O � n
m � m � m �
� � �
K � lom / J 81179.8 � OC ])004 ,p ( s � )572 , OCp ( s [ OCx �
a])004 ,p (s � )572 , ap ( s [ ax � 2O])003 ,p ( s � )572 , 2Op ( s [ 2Ox � xim s�
i M
4 9 1. 4 3 � i


i M
i�

2994.0 4942.0 4152.0 i � ix
M
i �
i M
170.71 295.8 495.8 i �
01� 82 01 � 69.82 01 � 23 i M
3� 3� 3�
874.0 742.0 572.0 i �
OC ria 2 O
h / gk3.814 � OCm � am � 2Om � m h / gk3.301 � am �得
� � � � �
)002 � 572( OC, p c OCm � )572 � 004 ( a , p c am � )572 � 003( 2O, p c 2Om
� � �
82
K � gk / J 7.6401 � � OC , p c
3
01 � 8681.4 � 7
69.82
K � gk / J 2101 � � a, p c
01� 8681.4 � 7
3
25
�解
9- 9
气空干 gk / Jk5.94 � 5.92 � 97 � 2h � 1h � h� �量热出放
气空干 gk / g 4.11 � 6.7 � 0.91 � 2 d � 1d � d� 图 d-h 查�5�
气空干 gk / Jk97 � h aP 01� 30.0 � vp 气空干 gk / g 0.91 � d 图 d-h 查�4�
5
气空干 gk / Jk8.97 � )03 � 368.0 � 1052( � 4910.0 � 03 � 500.1 � ) t358.1 � 1052 ( d � t500.1 � h �3�
aP 501� 7920.0 � 501 �14240.0 � 7.0 � ) T( sp � � vp �2�
5
01�14240.0 � 7.0 � 01� 7089.0
5
�sp � 0p
气空干 gk / gk4910.0 � � 226.0 � s � 226.0 � d
01 �14240.0 � 7.0
5
p�
aP 01 �14240.0 � ) T( sP �下 K303 � T �1�
5
�解
8-9
。增熵的程过合混上加再�熵尔摩体气的前合混算计。确正�种五第
。增熵的体气种两了算计别分。确正�种四第
。熵总于同等增熵将。误错�种三第
。题问压分略忽。误错�种二第
。算计下压分其在要熵的体气各虑考有没也�性权加其虑考有没仅不。误错�种一第
�明说
。确正案答种五第和种四第�答
7 -9
2R 1p 1T2R
1m � � 2m
1R 1p � p V2p
�为量入充的体气种二第故
1T2R 2m � V2p 又
1
p � p � 2p
�为压分体气种二第
1 1 1
T R m � V1p
�下况情体气种一第有只在
�解
6-9
R R T
y �)' � ( � m�y �m � x 即
1 1 Vp '
y � x � m � 'm 而
2
m � 2' m � y 知可意题由
'
m 2' � � 2'm
2 2
) � M � � M( 1 1
' ' 2
2 2 � M � '�
'
35
5
01� 5427.4 21R
8767.0 � rA x 2232.0 � � x�
5
01� 790.1
21R , 2
aP 5 0 1 � 790.1 � p 压分的 21R 态终
363 1T
aP 501 � 5427.4 � 501 � 7 � � 1p � 2p
542 2T
K 542 � 2T � K363 � 1T � aP 01� 7 � 1p �解
5
2 1 -9
d�
82.8443 � 0001 � � 核校
h�
气空干 gk / g 6.11 � 2.2 � 8.31 � 1d � 2 d � d�
气空干 gk / Jk04 � 5.51 � 5.55 � 1h � 2h � h�
气空干 gk / Jk5.55 � 2h 气空干 gk / Jk5.51 � 1h
气空干 gk / g 8.31 � 2 d 气空干 gk / g 2.2 � 1d
�得查�2 点于交线 ℃12 � t 与�线直的行平 0053 � � 与作 1 点过�1 点得 1� , 1t 据�上图 d-h 在�解
11-9
31- 5.01- 2.0 %57 01- 2100.0 0.7-
41 7.91 75.1 %73 5.03 10.0 65
02 5.42 63.2 %24 53 510.0 37
03 03 )2.4( sp %001 03 5720.0 0.001
31 51 4.1 %07 5.81 3900.0 0.24
7.62 82 5. 3 %57 2.23 420.0 3.98
52 62 1. 3 %57 7.92 20.0 8.08
气空 气空
℃/dT ℃ / wt apk/vp φ ℃/t
干 gk/gk/d 干 gk/Jk/h
01-9
分水 gk / gk86.2123 � )8.24 � 37( � 83.601 � ) 1h � 2h ( am � Q �4�
' '
h / Jk000151 � )8.24 � 37( � 0005 � ) 1h � 2h( am � Q �3�
h / gk74 � 3�01 � 4.9 � 0005 � d�� a m � vm� �2�
d�
气空干 gk83.601 � � am �
1 � 0001 '
气空干 gk / g 4.9 � 8.8 � 2.81 � 2 d � 3d � d�
气空干 gk / g 2.81 � 3d gk / Jk37 � 2h
气空干 gk / g 8.8 � 2 d � 1d gk / Jk8.24 � 1h �图 d-h 由�1�
气空干 gk / g 2.81 � 3d 气空干 gk / g 8.8 � 1d
1 d � 2d
2 h � 3h %06 � 1�
℃05 � 2 t
%08 � 3� ℃02 � 1t
器燥干 器热加
45
�明证
2-01
p� p� T� p� T� p� T�
s) ( s) ( v) ( s ) ( v) ( v) ( v) ( vc
s�
v� v� p� T� p� S� S�
T
� �� � T� v� � T� v� � T� � p �
� T)
p� p� T� c
( v) ( p ) ( p ) v� ( s ) T� ( p ) v� ( p ) S� ( p ) S� (
v� T� v�
T� T�
v ) ( T � vc p) ( T � pc �
S� S�
�明证
1-01
章十第
气空干 gk / Jk01 � 2h � 3h � 32Q
气空干 gk / Jk5.15 � 2' h) 2 d � 1d( � 2h � 1h � 21Q �3�
气空干 gk / gk8110.0 � 2 d � 1d � wm �2�
6700.0 04 后湿除
6700.0 03 后却冷
4910.0 28 前却冷
气空干 gk/gk/d 气空干 gk/Jk/h 态状
�1�
4 1 -9
aP 501� 827.0 � 2ap � sp � 2p 故
06 V
aP 501� 3195.0 � � � 2ap 得
)65.94 � 372( � 782 � 323.83 2TaR 2am
C�65.94 � s t � 2t � aP 501� 7021.0 � sp
�得表气蒸水查法插内用 �2�v 据根
88.4 1vm
gk / 3m592.21 � � � �2�v �态状和饱是也于由
06 V
gk88.4 � 1.0 � 1vm � 2vm � gk323.83 � 1 � 1am � 2am
�后间时段一
323 � 782 1TaR
gk323.73 � � � 1am �量质气空
06 � 501� 56675.0 V1ap
aP 501� 56675.0 � 501� 53321.0 � 501 � 7.0 � 1��vp � 1p � 1ap �压分气空
840.21 1
aP 501� 53321.0 � sp � 1��vp � gk89.4 � � vm 为量质的气蒸水和饱�时此
06
gk / 3m840.21 � �� � �时 C�05 � 1t 当
aP 501� 7.0 � 501 � 3.0 � 0p � 1p
�解
。 aP 01� 827.0 为力压�℃65.94 为度温
5
3 1 -9
55
v� s� � v � s� � s � p� � p � s� � v � s� �
� � v � T � � � � � � � � � � � �2�
� p� � � p� � � h� � � h� � � h� �
vc p �
� T�
vc � p c
T v � T� �
� �
vc vc v � s� �
� s� � � � �1�
p
� v � T� � � v � T� � �
� � � � h� �
] v P � vc[ ] � � v � vc[
c� c � p� � � h� �
vc p � v � s� �
路思条几下以有以可还明证的 � T � � � 于对�另
vc � p c � h� �
T� s� � p � s� � v � s� �
� � � � � � � �故
� h� � � h� � � h� �
p � s� �
T� � �
� h� �
v p
c �
v
� T�
c � pc
v � T� � T� p� � v v � T� �
� � � � � �
v T P
c � s � v
� � � � � � 1 � s � �
� T� � T� p v� T�
Tv P �
2
p � T� � � T� � T� v� �
� � � � � �
� v� � � v� � � p� �
� �
� v ) p� ( �
� T� � v � s� � v � s� � s � p� � p � s� � v � s� �
� s� � v � T � � � v � T � � � � � � � � � � �
� v) ( � � p� � � p� � � h� � � h� � � h� �
� T� �
p p T s � � p s � �
� � v� � � s� � p� � s� � p �
� T� � �v� T � � � � �� � � � � � �明证
1 � T� � � p� � � h� � � v� � � T� �
3-01
p c p�
p
� s) (
�vT T�
�故
T�
p ) ( � vp � 且
v�
T� p c
p ) ( =
v� T
1T
T� T� s�
p) ( p) ( T) (
p c v� p� p� p�
T� � p� � � � � s) (
p ) ( T) (
1 T�
v� s�
65
v vc � Pc v vc � Pc p vc � Pc
� ] � 1[ �
vd xc � Pc vd vc � xc pd vc � xc
v p T
�有入代 � � � 体气想理是 �
vd pd Td
v T vc � P c
� �
vd Td vc � x c
v v
T) vc � Pc( � Td vc � TR � Td vc � vdp � Td vc � q � � Td xc �明证
vd vd
5-01
。证得题命故
p v T� T�
R� T � p ) ( v) ( T � vc � p c
RR v� p�
�明证�3�
。关有 T 与只 u 明说能不也此因�数函值单的 T 为仅 pc 和 vc 明证有没于在题问要主
v � T� � v v� T� �
� � v � �
。 ) T( f � u Td vc � ud 到得 vd] p � � p� � T[ � Td c � ud 入代 R � � p� � 将
�的做样这是学同多很
T � p� � T � v� � T � p� � T � v� �
� � � � � � � �
。论结到得来 0 � � h� � � � h� � � � u� � � � u� � 明证过通议建 )2(
p T
� T� � � p � �故
1 1
T p v T� v
� � p ) ( � p � �由
1 R1 v� 1
�明证�1�
4-01
v � s� �
� �v �
� p� �
p � T� � v � T� � v � p� � v � s� � v p � T� � v v � T� �
� � � � � � � � � � � �
� v� � � p� � � s� � � u� � 1 � v� � 1 � u� � vc p �
� � �3�
T� T� � v � T� � T� T� � v � T� � v p
� � � �T � � � � T c� c
� v� � � p� � � v� � � p� �
v p
c �
v
� T�
c � pc
p � T� � v v � T� �
� � � �
� v� � 1 � u� �
vc � p c
� T�
p � T� � v � T� � v � p� � v � s� �
� � � � � � � �
� v� � � p� � � s� � � u� �
v� T�
p � T� � v � T� �
� � � �T
� v� � � p� �
75
3
v TR b� v
� 1 ) b � v ( va 2 �
) b � v( a 2 3� TR b � v
2
� � � T � vc � p c �
R R R
b � v v� T� �
� � � 又
R � p� �
T� v� � v � p� �
b� v )b � v( T�� v� �� � � � �
)b � v( va2 �
3� 3�
va2 � 2 � p� � T � p � T �
TR TR � p� � � � �
� 而
� b� v � v �� � �
R � T� �
� � 1� � v� �
R � p� �
v � T� � p � T� �
� �� � � � T � vc � p c ��3�
� p� � � v� �
2
v b� v v � T� � T� v� �
0� �p� � T� p � � � � T � � � �2�
a R � p� � � u� �
v b� v v � T� �
2
vd � Td vc � vd � ]p � [ � Td vc � vd � ] p � � � � T[ � Td vc � ud �1�
a TR � p� �
�明证
7-01
。高升度温后流节热绝经体气�时正为值 b 在故
p c p c h�
p� �
�� � � �
b p � T� � � T� � 明证�5�
v� � �T
� v � �
b�v p
t sn oc � k ) b � v ( p � k� �
) b � v( d pd 故
b�v � T� vc � � p �vT � s � v� � s � T� � s � v� �

��� p � �� �� � � � � �� � �
pk � � T � � p c � � T� � � p� � � p� � 明证�4�
p � T� � v � T� �
R� � � � � T � vc � p c
� v� � � p� � �3�
T � p� �
� �
。 b � � h� � 明证�2�
。关有 T 与只 u 明说能不也此因�数函值单的 T 为仅 vc 明证有没于在题问要主
v � T� � b � v v� T� �
� � v � �
。 ) T( f � u � Td vc � ud 到得 vd] p � � p� � T[ � Td c � ud 入代 R � � p� � 将
�的做样这是学同多很
T�
p� � T� v� �
� � � �
。论结到得来 0 � � u� � � � u� � 明证过通议建�1�
6-01
vc � x c
� f C � f vp �
p c � xc
vc � xc
C � v nl P x � p nl �
c� c
v p
0� ) Pc � xc( � ) vc � xc( 或
vd pd
85
�解
9-01
3
T pc p T T p pc p � T� � pc
�] �3 �3 � [ � ]v � � � T[ � J �
�2�
c4 1 TR c c3 TR 1 � v� � 1
p� T�
4
T T T� � p� �
� ) 5 21� ( T� � � 2 � T� � � p �
c2 1 c � v2 � � � c� �
�故
p�
5
T T� � 4
T p p � T� �
� � �2 � 3� � � �
c21 � v2 � � c R � v� �
�且
p � T� � T� p� �
� 2 � T� � � �
� v2� � � p c� � �1�
�明证
8-01
2
v vc
� � Td �
vda
v
0 � vd 2 � Td vc � ud 而
a
0 � ud � 0 � w� 0 � q� �
胀膨由自热绝�9�
1v 2v
1
) � ( a � Td vc � � � w �
1 1 2
v
2
v � T� �
vd � Td vc� � vd] p � � � T[ � Td vc� � ud � � w � 0 � q� �
a � p� �
程过胀膨热绝�8�
b � 1v b� v
nl TR � Tq TR � � q � �
b � 2v ) b � v( d
v � T� � v � T� � T
vd � � T � Td vc � sdT � q � 而 vd � �� vc � sd �
� p� � � p� � Td
程过温等逆可�7�
1v 2v b � 1v v b�v �
) � (a � nl TR � 2 � a � TR � vdp � � Tw
1 1 b � 2v vd )b � v( d
程过温等逆可�6�
b � 1v
nl R � T) 1s � 2s ( �
b � 2v
b� v v � T� �
) b � v( d � vd � � � sd
R � p� �
程过温等�5�
2v 1v
) � ( a � 1v1p � 2v 2p � T) 1h � 2h( �
1 1
2
v v � T� �
vpd � a � vpd � vd] p � � � T[ � Td vc � vpd � ud � hd
vd � p� �
程过温等�4�
95
�得式)a(入代
T�
p� �
pb2 � a � � � �又
� h� �
p � T� �
pc
� �
� h� � h � p� ��
�a� T�
� � �� � � J � ��解
p� � p� � T� �
�� �� � T ) h� ( �
� h� �
11-01
t snoc � C TC � vp 有入代
TC � ) T( f �
T� v v� T� � v
0 � ) T( f � � T � 0 � ) T( f � � �� 故
) T( f� 1 � ) T( f� � T
) T( f � vp �又
v � T� �
0�p � � �T 故
� p� �
T � v� � v � T� � T � v� �
0 � � � 知意题由 p� � �T � � �
� u� � � p� � � u� �
�解
01-01
TR � vp �为程方态状故
p
0 � 0C � TR � vp 时0 � p当 0C � � v ��b�式入代
TR
Td
0C �
�T�� � 0� ��c��a�较比
) T( �d
p Td p
�c� pd 2 � Td] � [ � vd �有分微全�b�对
TR ) T( �d R
p
�b� � v �得分积�a�对下变不 T 在
) T( � �
TR
2
p p
�a� pd � Td � vd
TR R
R p p �v v �p
vd � pd � vd � pd � Td �得式上入代
p T 1 1
v � �
p�
v�
�� ��p
v �p p� � � T� � v � T� � p
� � �� � � � � v�
1 � T� � 1 � p� � 1
p � v� �
� �v
v p � p � v� � � T� �
� � �� � p� 而
1 � T� � 1
p � v� � v�
p� ��
vd � � � pd �� � � Td
� T� � � T� �
06
�得入代值列所 1-21 表和值热比压定均平体气的 2 表附将
2 2
] 2o ) 0f h ( � oc ) 0f h ( � 2oc ) 0f h([ � 2o ) 0f h � h ( � oc ) 0f h � h( � 2oc ) 0f h � h( �
1 � 1 � �
2 �为应效热压定
) 2o h � oc h( � 2oc h � f H� � p Q
� 1 � �
2
p Q � 2OC � 2O � OC 为式应反学化热题本�解
1
2-21
章二十第
� 3 4 0. 6 1 � 1 0. 0 � 0 1 � 9 0 2. 4 � 3 4 0. 6 1 � 1 0 . 0 V b � V
a PM 6 8 5 4 . 7 1 � 2 � 3� � 2 � m �p
5
01 � 01 � 5822
3�
373 � 4138 a TR
5. 0 m
gk / 3m10.0 � � �v
01 � 5 V
3�
3�
01� 962.4 � b 3�
01 � 5822 � a � 4 HC 对
解求程方斯尔瓦德范�2�
5
01� 5 V
aPM333.91 � � �p 解求程方态状体气想理�1�
373 � 3.815 � 5.0 TRm
�解
41-01
aP 01� 8.93 � rp � cp � p 故
5
5807.0 � Z 1887.0 � r p �得
点交的线曲 9430.1 � rT 与 rp 0998.0 � Z 线直做
0 1 � 0 6 1 � 4 1 3. 8 TmR TmR
r p 0 9 9 8 . 0 � rp 3
� � � Z故
8632.0 � 501 � 5.05 v cp rp vp
� �
6.451
9430.1 � � rT lomk / 3m8632.0 � gk / 3m4700.0 � v �解
061
31-01
5
01 � 4 4 p
l o m k / 3 m 9 2 .0 � l o m / 3 m 4� 0 1 � 9 . 2 � � �v
51.581 � 413.8 � 38.0 TmRZ
�得
38.0 � Z 得可�图子因缩压用通查
5
01 � 5.05 cp
1 78 . 0 � � � rp
5
01 � 44 p
6.451 cT
8 9 1. 1 � � � rT
5 1. 5 8 1 T
aP 5 0 1 � 4 4 � p C�88� � T
�解
lomk/ m 92.0 为积容
3
21-01
43.72 pc
aP / K 5�01� 66380.0 � � � � J�
003 � 31� 01� 2 � 6587.4 � 5�01� 461.5� pb2 � a
16
lom / Jk56.3403351� � )841621�( � 56.1919561� � Q
R
01H 4C
lom / Jk841621� � ) 0f h( � ni) m H� � f h( nin �
2N
Jk56.1919561� � f
) m H� � h ( � 66.63�
0
P
2O 2OC tuo m
) m H� � f h( � 52.3 � O2 H ) m H� � f h( � 5 � ) m H� � f h( � 4 � ) H� � f h( tuon �
0 0 0 0
m 2N f
� K 0001 ~ 892为值 H�上以� lom / Jk0 � h
0
2
2OC f
lom / Jk06412 � N � m H� � lom / Jk25393� � h
0
2
lom / Jk87952 � O H � m H� � lom / Jk0 � 2O f h
0
2
lom / Jk70722 � O� m H� � lom / Jk87952� � O2 H f h
0
2OC
01H 4C f
lom / Jk50433 � � m H� � lom / Jk841621� � h
0
�有表查
R P R P
ni m
) H� � f h( ni n � � tuo m
) H� � f h( tuon � � ni H � � tuo H� � Q
0
�有�时功它其的起引应方学化略忽且�系口开动流定稳的应反学化有于对
2 N 66.63 � 2O52.3 � O2 H5 � 2OC4 � 2 N 66.63 � 2O57.9 � 01H 4C
�即
2 N 66.63 � 2O52.3 � O2 H 5 � 2OC4 � 2 N 67.3 � 5.6 � 5.1 � 2O5.6 � 5.1 � 01H 4C
�为式程方应反学化�意题依�解
5-21
℃2522 � P t K 5252 � P T
52 � x �
865972 � 5.294392 001

865912 � 399282 x
Jk5.294392 � 31911� 860.2 � )52 � 719.0 � 7232 � 721.1( � 23 � 50.0 � 580821 � 边左
K 0062 � PT 设
Jk865972 � 11341� 860.2 � )52 � 719.0 � 7222 � 321.1( � 23 � 50.0 � 629121 � 边左
�入代据数将�值热比压定均平气氧得 3 表附查� K 0052 � PT 设
Jk399282 � 225393 � 925011� �
2O C OC f 2N 2O 2 OC
h� h� ) 0f h � h (860.2 � ) 0f h � h(50.0 � ) 0f h � h( � 边右式则
0 0
2
2 N 860.2 � 2O50.0 � 2OC � ) 2 N 67.3 � 2O( � 01.1 � OC �为式应反学化�意题依
1
。算计热比压定均平体气的二表附用可这�据数 ) h � h( 的气氧少缺题本�解 f
0
3-21
lomk / Jk504382 � ] f H�� [ 值热的时℃005 在 OC 故
l om k / Jk 50 4 3 8 2 � �
) 9 25 0 1 1 � ( � )2 2 5 3 93 � ( �
]52 � 719.0 � 005 � 979.0[ � 61 � ]52 � 40.1 � 005 � 570.1[ � 10.82 � )52 � 828.0 � 005 � 310.1( �10.44 � f H�
26
9 9 8 2 0 0 0. 0 � P K �
0002 � 4413.8
6 4 1. 8 � � � TmR / 00002G�� � 0002 � P K nl �
5. 5 5 4 5 3 1 �
lom / Jk5.554531 � )2730004 � 385822�( � )661714�( � 5.0 � 719482� � 00002G� �
lomk / Jk 7230004� � )338.881� 51.892 � 186.462 � 0002( � 98627 �
O 2 H 51.892 m
) O2 H O2 H m
� G� �
0
S51.892 � 0002 m0 S 0002( � O2 H ) 0f h � 0002 m0 H ( � ) f g � 0002 m0 G( � 0
0
lomk / Jk661714� � )241.502 � 51.892 � 467.862 � 0002( � 99195 �
2O
2O m
) 51.892 m0 S51.892 � 0002 m0 S0002( � 2O) 0f h � 0002 m0 H ( � ) f g � 0002 m0 G( � � G� �
0
0
�理同
lom / Jk 719482� � )486.031� 51.892 � 604.881� 0002( � 23925 �
2 H
2H 2H 2H m
) 51.892 m0 S51.892 � 0002 m0 S 0002( � ) 0f h � 0002 m0 H ( � ) f g � 0002 m0 G( � 0
� G� �
0
O2 H ) 00522| m0 G� � f g ( � � 2O) 00522| m0 G� � f g ( � 5.0 � 2H
) 00522| m0 G� � f g ( � K 0002 G�
0 0 0 0
2
2 O � 2 H � O2 H 意题依�解
1
6-21

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