M GLUTEUS MEDIUS

M GLUTEUS MAXIMUS
O Outer surface of ilium
O Outer surface of ilium, sacrum, coccyx,
sacrotuberous ligament
I Lateral surface of greater trochanter of
femur
I Iliotibial tract & gluteal tuberosity

N Superior gluteal nerve

N Inferior gluteal nerve

A Abducts thigh at hip joint; tilts pelvis

A Extends and LR hi joint; through when walking to permit opposite leg to
iliotibial tract, it extends the knee clear ground

M GLUTEUS MINIMUS
M TENSOR FASCIAE LATAE

O Outer surface of ilium

O Iliac crest

I Anterior surface of greater trochanter

of femur I Iliotibial tract

N Superior gluteal nerve N Superior gluteal nerve

A Abducts thigh at hip joint; tilts pelvis A Assist gluteus maximus in extending the
when walking to permit opposite leg to knee joint
clear ground

M PIRIFORMIS
M OBTURATOR INTERNUS
O Anterior surface of sacrum
O Inner surface of obturator membrane
I Upper border of greater trochanter of
femur I Upper border of greater trochanter of
femur
N First and second sacral nerves
N Sacral plexus
A Lateral rotator of thigh at hip joint
A Lateral rotator of thigh at hip joint
 M GEMELLUS INFERIOR

O Ischial tuberosity

I Upper border of greater trochanter of

femur
M QUADRATUS FEMORIS

N Sacral plexus
O Lateral border of Ischial tuberosity

A Lateral rotator of thigh at hip joint

I Quadrate tubercle of femur

N Sacral plexus

A Lateral rotator of thigh at hip joint

M PECTINEUS

O Superior ramus of pubis

I Upper end of linea aspera of femoral

shaft

N Femoral nerve

A Flexes and adducts thigh at hip joint

M GEMELLUS SUPERIOR
M PSOAS
O Spine of ischium

O Transverse process, bodies and IVD of

I Upper border of greater trochanter of the 12th and five lumbar vert
femur
I With iliacus into lesser trochanter of
N Sacral plexus femur

A Lateral rotator of thigh at hip joint N Lumbar plexus

A Flex thigh on trunk; if thigh is fixed, it

flexes the trunk on the thigh as in
sitting up from lying down
M ILIACUS

O Iliac fossa within the abdomen

I With Psoas into lesser trochanter of

femur

N Femoral nerve

A Flex thigh on trunk; if thigh is fixed, it

flexes the trunk on the thigh as in
sitting up from lying down
Quadriceps femoris

M RECTUS FEMORIS

O Anterior inferior iliac spine (Straight

head),
Ilium above the acetabulum (Reflected
head)

I Quadriceps tendon into patella via

ligamentum patellae into tibial tubercle
M SARTORIUS
N Femoral nerve

O Anterior superior iliac spine

A Extension of the leg in the knee joint;
flexes thigh at hip joint
I Upper medial surface shaft of tibia

N Femoral nerve

Quadriceps femoris A FABER thigh at hip joint; FIR leg at

knee joint
M VASTUS LATERALIS

O Upper end & femoral shaft, lateral deep

fascial septum

I Quadriceps tendon into patella via

ligamentum patellae into tibial tubercle

N Femoral nerve

A Extension of the leg in the knee joint

Quadriceps femoris

M VASTUS MEDIALIS

O Upper end & femoral shaft, medial deep

fascial septum

I Quadriceps tendon into patella via

ligamentum patellae into tibial tubercle

N Femoral nerve
M ADDUCTOR LONGUS
A Extension of the leg in the knee joint;
stabilizes the patella
O Body of pubis, medial to pubic tubercle

I Posterior surface of shaft of femur or

linea aspera
Quadriceps femoris
N Obturator nerve
M VASTUS INTERMEDIUS
A Adducts thigh at hip joint and assists in
O Anterior & lateral surface of shaft of lateral rotation
femur

I Quadriceps tendon into patella via

ligamentum patellae into tibial tubercle

N Femoral nerve M ADDUCTOR BREVIS

A Extension of the leg in the knee joint; O Inferior ramus of pubis

articularis genu retracts synovial
membrane I Posterior surface of shaft of femur or
linea aspera

N Obturator nerve
M ADDUCTOR MAGNUS
A Adducts thigh at hip joint and assists in
lateral rotation
O Inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of
ischium, ischial tuberosity

I Posterior surface of shaft of femur or

linea aspera; adductor tubercle of femur

N Adductor portion: Obturator nerve

Hamstring portion: sciatic nerve

A Adducts thigh at hip joint and assists in

lateral rotation; hamstring portion
extends thigh at hip

Hamstring
M BICEPS FEMORIS
O Ischial tuberosity (Long head),
Linea aspera, lateral supracondylar
ridge of femur (Short head)
I Head of fibula
N Long head: tibial portion sciatic nerve
Short head: common peroneal nerve of
sciatic nerve
A Flexes and LR leg at knee joint; long
head also extends thigh at hip joint
Hamstring
M SEMITENDINOSUS
O Ischial tuberosity
I Upper part of medial surface of shaft
of the tibia
N Tibial portion of sciatic nerve
A Flexes and MR leg at knee joint;
extends thigh at hip joint
M TIBIALIS ANTERIOR
O Lateral surface of shaft of the tibia and
interosseous membrane
I Medial cuneiform and base of first
metatarsal bone
N Deep peroneal nerve
A Extends or Dorsiflex foot at ankle joint;
inverts foot at subtalar & transverse
tarsal joint; holds up medial longitudinal
arch of the foot
M OBTURATOR EXTERNUS
O Outer surface of obturator membrane;
pubic and ischial ram
I Medial surface of greater trochanter
N Obturator nerve
A Lateral rotator of thigh at hip joint
M EXTENSOR DIGITORUM LONGUS
O Anterior surface shaft of fibula
I Extensor expansion of lateral four toes
N Deep peroneal nerve
A Extends toes; extends/dorsiflex foot at
ankle joint
Hamstring

M SEMIMEMBRANOSUS

O Ischial tuberosity

I Medial condyle of tibia

N Tibial portion of sciatic nerve

M PERONEUS TERTIUS
A Flexes and MR leg at knee joint;
extends thigh at hip joint
O Anterior surface shaft of fibula

I Base of fifth metatarsal bone

N Deep peroneal nerve

A Extends or Dorsiflex foot at ankle joint;

everts foot at subtalar & transverse
tarsal joint

Hamstring
M EXTENSOR HALLUCIS LONGUS
M ADDUCTOR MAGNUS (hamstring
portion) O Anterior surface shaft of fibula

O Ischial tuberosity I Base of distal phalanx of big/great toe

I Adductor tubercle of femur N Deep peroneal nerve

N Tibial portion of sciatic nerve A Extends big toe; Extends or Dorsiflex

foot at ankle joint; inverts foot at
A Extends thigh at hip joint subtalar & transverse tarsal joint
Superficial group
M EXTENSOR DIGITORUM BREVIS
M GASTROCNEMIUS
O Calcaneum
O Lateral condyle of femur (Lateral head)
Above the medial condyle of femur
I By four tendons into the proximal
(Medial head) phalanx of big toe and long extensor
tendons to 2 nd, 3rd and 4th toes
I Via tendocalcaneus into posterior
surface of calcaneum (tendon of
N Deep peroneal nerve
Achilles)

A Extends toes
N Tibial nerve

A Plantarflexes foot at ankle joint; flexes

knee joint

Superficial group
M PERONEUS LONGUS

M PLANTARIS O Lateral surface shaft of fibula (upper 2/3)

O Lateral supracondylar ridge of femur I Base of the first metatarsal and medial
cuneiform
I Posterior surface of calcaneum
N Superficial peroneal nerve

N Tibial nerve
A Plantarflexes foot at ankle joint; everts foot at
subtalar & transverse tarsal joint; supports the
A Plantarflexes foot at ankle joint; flexes
lateral longitudinal and transverse arches of the
knee joint
foot
Superficial group

M SOLEUS

O Shafts of tibia and fibula

I Via tendocalcaneus into posterior surface

of calcaneum (tendon of Achilles)

N Tibial nerve

A Powerful Plantarflexor of ankle joint;

provides main propulsive force in walking &
running

Deep group M EXTENSOR DIGITORUM BREVIS

O Calcaneum
M POPLITEUS
I By four tendons into the proximal
O Lateral surface of lateral condyle of phalanx of big toe and long extensor
femur tendons to 2 nd, 3rd and 4th toes

I Posterior surface of shaft of the tibia N Deep peroneal nerve

above soleal line
A Extends toes
N Tibial nerve

A Flexes the leg at the knee joint; unlocks

the knee joint by lateral rotation of
femur on tibia & slackens ligament of
knee joint
M ABDUCTOR HALLUCIS

O Medial tuberosity of calcaneum & flexor

retinaculum

I Base of proximal phalanx of big toe

N Medial plantar nerve

A Flexes and abducts big toe; braces

medial longitudinal arch of the foot
Deep group

M FLEXOR DIGITORUM LONGUS

O Posterior surface of shaft of the tibia

I Base of distal phalanges of lateral four

toes

N Tibial nerve

A Flexes distal phalanges of lateral four

toe; Plantar flexes foot at ankle joint;
supports the medial and lateral
longitudinal arches of the foot

M FLEXOR DIGITORUM BREVIS

Deep group O Medial tuberosity of calcaneum

M FLEXOR HALLUCIS LONGUS

I Four tendons to four lateral toes – inserted
into borders of middle phalanx; tendons
O Posterior surface of shaft of the tibia perforated by those of flexor digitorum longus

I Base of distal phalanx of big toe N Medial plantar nerve

N Tibial nerve A Flexes lateral four toes; braces medial &

lateral longitudinal arches of the foot
A Flexes distal phalanx of big toe; Plantar
flexes foot at ankle joint; supports the
medial longitudinal arch of the foot
Deep group

M TIBIALIS POSTERIOR

O Posterior surface of shafts of the tibia

and fibula and interosseous membrane

I Tuberosity of navicular bone and other M FLEXOR DIGITORUM LONGUS

neighboring bones TENDON

N Tibial nerve O Posterior surface of shaft of the tibia

A Plantarflexes foot at ankle joint; inverts I Base of distal phalanges of lateral four
foot at subtalar & transverse tarsal toes
joint; supports the medial longitudinal
arch of the foot N Tibial nerve

A Flexes distal phalanges of lateral four

toe; Plantar flexes foot at ankle joint;
M LUMBRICALS (4) supports the medial and lateral
longitudinal arches of the foot
O Tendon of flexor digitorum longus

I Dorsal extensor expansion; Base of

proximal phalanges of lateral four toes

N 1st lumbrical by Medial plantar nerve;

remainder by the Lateral plantar nerve M QUADRATUS PLANTAE

A Extends toes at interphalangeal joint O Medial and lateral sides of calcaneum

I Tendon of flexor digitorum longus

N Lateral plantar nerve

A Assists flexor digitorum longus in

flexing lateral four toes
 M FLEXOR HALLUCIS BREVIS
M GRACILIS
O Cuboid, lateral cuneiform, tibialis
O Inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of posterior insertion
ischium
I Medial tendon into the medial side of
I Upper part of shaft of tibia on medial base of proximal phalanx of big toe;
surface lateral tendon into the lateral side of
base of proximal phalanx of big toe
N Obturator nerve
N Medial plantar nerve

A Adducts thigh at hip joint; flex leg at

knee joint A Flexes MTP joint of big toe; supports
the medial longitudinal arch of the foot

M ADDUCTOR HALLUCIS
M PERONEUS LONGUS TENDON
O Bases of 2nd, 3rd and 4 th metatarsal bones
(Oblique head),
Plantar ligaments (Transverse head)
O Lateral surface shaft of fibula (upper 2/3)

I Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of I Base of the first metatarsal and medial
cuneiform
big toe

N Deep branch Lateral plantar nerve N Superficial peroneal nerve

A Flexes MTP joint of big toe; holds together
metatarsal bone
A Plantarflexes foot at ankle joint; everts foot
at subtalar & transverse tarsal joint; supports
the lateral longitudinal and transverse arches
of the foot

M INTEROSSEI DORSAL(4)
M FLEXOR DIGITI MINIMI BREVIS
O Adjacent side of metatarsal bone

O Base of the fifth metatarsal bone

I Base of proximal phalanges – first: medial
side of 2nd toe; remainder at lateral sides of
2nd, 3rd and 4 th toes; also dorsal extensor
I Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx
of little toe
expansion

N Lateral plantar nerve

N Lateral plantar nerve

A Flexes MTP joint of little toe

A Abduction of toes; flexes MTP & extends IP
joints
M FLEXOR HALLUCIS LONGUS TENDON

O Posterior surface of shaft of the fibula

I Base of distal phalanx of big toe

N Tibial nerve

A Flexes distal phalanx of big toe; Plantar M ABDUCTOR DIGITI MINIMI

flexes foot at ankle joint; supports the
medial longitudinal arch of the foot O Medial and lateral tuberosities of
calcaneum

I Base of proximal phalanx of fifth toe

N Lateral plantar nerve

A Flexes and abducts fifth toe; braces

lateral longitudinal arch of the foot

M INTEROSSEI PLANTAR (3)

O Inferior surfaces of third, fourth and fifth

metatarsal bone

I Medial sides of bases of proximal phalanges

of lateral three toes

N Lateral plantar nerve

A Adduction of toes; flexes MTP & extends IP M TIBIALIS POSTERIOR TENDON

joints
O Posterior surface of shafts of the tibia
and fibula and interosseus membrane

I Tuberosity of navicular bone and other

neighboring bones

N Tibial nerve

A Plantarflexes foot at ankle joint; inverts

foot at subtalar & transverse tarsal
joint; supports the medial longitudinal
 MUSCLES OF THE
LOWER LIMB
MUSCLES OF THE GLUTEAL REGION

MUSCLES OF THE THIGH

MUSCLES OF THE
ANTERIOR FASCIAL COMPARTMENT
OF THE THIGH

MUSCLES OF THE THIGH

MUSCLES OF THE
MEDIAL FASCIAL COMPARTMENT
OF THE THIGH

MUSCLES OF THE THIGH

MUSCLES OF THE
POSTERIOR FASCIAL COMPARTMENT
OF THE THIGH
 MUSCLES OF THE LEG
MUSCLES OF THE
ANTERIOR FASCIAL COMPARTMENT
OF THE LEG

MUSCLES OF THE LEG

MUSCLES OF THE
LATERAL FASCIAL COMPARTMENT
OF THE LEG

MUSCLES OF THE LEG

MUSCLES OF THE
POSTERIOR FASCIAL COMPARTMENT
OF THE LEG
 MUSCLES OF THE
SOLE OF THE FOOT
FIRST LAYER

MUSCLES OF THE
SOLE OF THE FOOT
SECOND LAYER

MUSCLES OF THE
SOLE OF THE FOOT
THIRD LAYER

MUSCLES OF THE
SOLE OF THE FOOT
FOURTH LAYER COMPARTMENT