GG GOWTHAM JUNIOR COLLEGE, HYDERABAD

IMPORTANT QUESTIONS
JUNIOR CHEMISTRY

LAQS
ATOMIC STRUCTURE
1) What are the postulates of Bohr’s model of hydrogen atom? Discuss the importance of this model to
explain various series of line spectra in hydrogen atom?Give Advantages and Limitations of Bohrs
theory
2) How are the quantum numbers n, l and m, s arrived at? Explain the significance of these quantum
numbers
CLASSIFICATION OF ELEMENTS
3) What is a periodic property? How the following properties vary in a group and in a period? Explain
(a) Atomic radius (b) IE (c) EN (d) Electron gain enthalpy or electron affinity (e) Nature of oxides
4) Write an essay on s,p,d and f- block elements
5) Define IE1 and IE2 . Why is IE2 > IE1 for a given atom? Discuss the factors that affect IE of an
element the products
CHEMICAL BONDING
6) What do you understand by Hybridization? Explain different types of hybridization involving s and p
orbitals
7) Give the molecular orbital energy diagram of a) 𝑁2 and b) 𝑂2 . Calculate the respective
bond order. Write the magnetic nature of 𝑁2 and 𝑂2 molecules

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

8) Describe two methods of preparation of ethylene. Give equation for the reactions of
ethylene with the following:
a) Ozone b) Hypohalous acid c) Cold and dil. alk. KMnO4
d) Heated with O2 at high pressure.
9) How does acetylene react with the following reagents? Give the corresponding equations
and name of the products formed in the reactions.
a) Acetic acid b) Water c) Hydrogen d) Halogens
e) Hydrogen halide f) Ozone
10) Describe any two methods of preparation of benzene? Explain the Halogenation,
Alkylation, Acylation, Nitration, Sulphonation of benzne

SAQS
ATOMIC STRUCTURE
11) Explain the differences between emission and absorption spectra
12) Explain i) Aufbau principle ii) Hunds rule iii)Paulis principle
13) What is a nodel plane How many nodel planes are possible for 2p and 3d orbitals
CLASSIFICATION OF ELEMENTS
14) What is lanthanide contraction? What are its consequences?
15) What is diagonal relationship? Give a pair of elements having diagonal relationship. Why
do they show this relation?
16) Which in each pair of elements has a more electron gain enthalpy? Explain
i) N or O ii) F or C
 GG GOWTHAM JUNIOR COLLEGE, HYDERABAD
IMPORTANT QUESTIONS
JUNIOR CHEMISTRY

CHEMICAL BONDING

17) Explain the hybridization involved in PCl5 molecule.

18) What is Hydrogen bond Explain the different types of Hydrogen bonds with examples.
19) Explain the hybridization involved in SF6 molecule
20) Predict the shape of the following molecules by using VSEPR theory a) XeF4 b) BrF5
c) ClF3 d) lCl 4
21) Explain the formation of Coordinate covalent bond with one example
22) Explain Fajan’s rules and give suitable examples.
23) What is ionic bond ? Explain with one example
24) Define Dipole moment. Write its applications.
25) a) NH3 has a higher dipole moment compared to NF3 Why? b) dipole moment observed for NF3
and not BF3
STATES OF MATTER
26) State and explain Graham’s law of Diffusion?
27) Write the postulates of Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases
28) Deduce (a) Boyle’s law and (b) Charle’s law (c) Graham’s law (d) Dalton’s law from Kinetic gas
equation.
29) State and explain Dalton’s law of partial pressures.?
30) Derive Ideal gas equation.
CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM & ACIDS and BASES
31) What is Lechatlier’s principle? Lechatelier’s principle for the industrial synthesis of Ammonia and
sulphur trioxide
32) Explain the concept of Bronsted acids and Bronsted bases Illustrate the answer with suitable
example
33) Define ionic product of water.what is its value at room temperature
34) Explain the Arrhenius concept of acids and bases
35) Explain the term Hydrolysis of salt with example.Discuss the PH of i)salt of weak acid strong base
ii)salt of strong acid and weak base
36) Write the nature of following salt solutions i)CH3COONa ii)NH4Cl iii)NaCl
37) Derive the relation between and for equilibrium reaction

i) 𝑁2(𝑔) + 3𝐻2(𝑔) ⇌ 2𝑁𝐻3(𝑔) ii) 2𝑆𝑂2(𝑔) + 𝑂2(𝑔) ⇌ 2𝑆𝑂3(𝑔)

38) (a)What is a conjugate acid-base pair? Illustrate with examples.
(b)Write conjugated acid and bases for following species i) H2O ) ii) NH3 iii) HCO3  iv) HSO4 
v) OH  vi) H 2O2

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
39) Give two examples each for position , functional group and chain isomerism
40) What is polymerization? Explain with one example
41) Describe any two methods of preparation of Ethane .Give any three reactions of Ethane

42) Complete the following reaction and name A,B,C

𝐻2𝑂 ℎ𝑜𝑡 𝐴𝑙𝐶𝑙3+𝐶𝐻3 𝐶𝑙
() 𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑙
 GG GOWTHAM JUNIOR COLLEGE, HYDERABAD
IMPORTANT QUESTIONS
JUNIOR CHEMISTRY

𝑎 𝐶𝑎𝐶2 →−−−−−→ 𝐴 →−−−−−−−−−−−−→ 𝐵 →−−−−−−−−−−−−→ 𝐶

𝐵𝑟2/𝐶𝐶𝑙4 𝑎𝑙𝑐.𝐾𝑂𝐻 𝐵𝑟2

(𝑏)𝐸𝑡ℎ𝑦𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑒 →−−−−−→ 𝐴 →−−−−−−−→ 𝐵 →→ 𝐶

THERMODYNAMICS
43) State and explain the Hess’s law of constant Heat summation
44) State and explain third law of thermodynamics
45) What is ‘Entropy? Explain with example
46) What is standard enthalpy of formation explain with example
47) What are intensive and extensive properties
HYDROGEN AND ITS COMPOUNDS
48) Explain the terms hard water and soft water. Write a note on the (i) ion - exchange method and (ii)
Calgon method for the removal of hardness of water. Iii) synthetic resin method iv)clarks method

49) Write a few lines on the utility of hydrogen as a fuel

50) What is temporary and permanent hardness of water ? mention which ions causes the hard ness of water
51) Explain the following with suitable examples (a) electron-deficient hydrides (b)electron precise
hydrides (c) electron-rich hydrides

52) Name the isotopes of hydrogen .what is the ratio of masses of these isotopes

53) Discuss the position of hydrogen in the periodic table on the basis of its electronic configuration

S-BLOCK ELEMENTS
54) What is Plaster of Paris? Write a short note on it
55) Given an account of the biological importance of Na and k  ions.
and Mg 2 and Ca  2 ions

56) Discuss the various reactions that occur in Solvay process

GROUP -13 ELEMENTS

57) Explain the structure of diborane.
58) Give two methods of preparation of diborane ?How does it react with a)H2O b)CO c)N(CH3)3 d)NH3
59) What are electron deficient compounds ?Is BCl3 an electron deficient species Explain
60) Explain borax bead test with a suitable example.

GROUP -14 ELEMENTS

61) Explain the difference in properties of diamond and graphite on the basis of their structure.
62) Why is diamond hard or Abrasive ?
63) What do you understand by (a) Allotropy (b) Inert pair effect (c) Catenation
STOICHIOMETRY
64) Chemical analysis of a carbon compound gave the following percentage composition by
weight of the elements present. Carbon=10.06%, hydrogen=0.84%; chlorine=89.10%
calculate Empirical formula.
65) A carbon compound on analysis gave the following percentage composition carbon 14.5%;
Hydrogen 1.8%; Chlorine 64.46%; Oxygen 19.24%; calculate the empirical formula of the
compound.
 GG GOWTHAM JUNIOR COLLEGE, HYDERABAD
IMPORTANT QUESTIONS
JUNIOR CHEMISTRY

66) Calculate the empirical formula of a compound having percentage composition K=26.57%,
Cr=35.36%, O=38.07%.
67) A carbon compound contains 12.8% carbon, 2.1% hydrogen, 85.1% bromine. The
molecular weight of the compound is 187.9 calculate molecular formula

68) Balance the following redox reactions by ion electron method.

a) 𝑀𝑛𝑂4 − + 𝑆𝑂3 2− → 𝑀𝑛+2 + S𝑂4 2−
b) 𝑀𝑛𝑂4− (aq) + SO2 (𝑔) → 𝑀𝑛+2 (aq) + 𝐻𝑆𝑂4− (aq)(in acidic medium)
c) 𝐹𝑒 2+ (𝑎𝑞) + 𝐶𝑟2 𝑂72− → 𝐹𝑒 3+ (𝑎𝑞) + 𝐶𝑟 +3 (in acidic medium)
d) 𝐶𝑟2 𝑂72− (𝑎𝑞) + 𝑆𝑂2 (𝑔) → 𝐶𝑟 3+ (𝑎𝑞) + 𝑆𝑂4 −2 (𝑎𝑞)(in acidic medium)
e) 𝑆𝑂4 2− + 𝐵𝑟 − → 𝑆𝑂2 + 𝐵𝑟2

69) Balance the follwing equations in basic medium by ion electron method.
a) 𝑀𝑛𝑂4 − + 𝐼 − → Mn𝑂2 + 𝐼2
b) 𝑀𝑛𝑂4 − + 𝐵𝑟 − → Mn𝑂2 + Br𝑂3 −
 GG GOWTHAM JUNIOR COLLEGE, HYDERABAD
IMPORTANT QUESTIONS
JUNIOR CHEMISTRY

VSAQS

STATES OF MATTER
1) What is Boltzmann’s constant? Give its value.
2) Calculate Kinetic energy of 5moles of Nitrogen at 27℃.
3) Calculate Kinetic energy (in SI units) of 4moles of methane at −73℃.
4) Calculate the ratio of Kinetic energies of 3g of hydrogen and 4g of oxygen at a given
temperature
5) Give the values of gas constant R in different units
6) What is surface tention
7) Write the effect of temperature on surface tention and viscosity.Give reason to that

8) Which of the gases diffuses faster among N2, O2, and CH4 Why?

9) How many times methane diffuses faster than sulphurdioxide

10) Why is pressure cooker used for cooking food on hills?
11) State Avogadro’s law
CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM AND ACIDS& BASES
12) What are Lewis acid & base? Give suitable example
13) What is homogeneous equilibrium? Write two homogeneous reactions.
14) What is heterogeneous equilibrium? Write two heterogeneous reactions.
15) All Lewis acids are not Bronsted acids Why
16) Calculate the PH of i)0.05M NaOH ii)0.05MH2SO4 iii)0.05M BaSO4 Iv)0.1M HCl v) 10−8 M HCl
17) What is degree of hydration
18) Calculate the chemical equilibrium reacton for which 𝑘𝑝 > 𝑘𝑐
19) What is the effect of pressure on a gaseous chemical equilibrium
20) What is Bronsted base? Give an example
21) What is dynamic equilibrium
22) Define law of mass action.
ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY
23) Which oxides cause acid rain ? and what is its value?
24) What is chemical oxygen demand (COD)?
25) Define the terms sink, TLV & Receptor
26) a) What is Greenhouse effect? It is caused by ........and ..... gases b) Mention the harmful effects
caused by Global warming

27) Name the common components of photo chemical smog?

28) Mention the harmful effects caused due to depletion of ozone layer
29) Name two adverse effects caused by acid rains
30) What is Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)? b) Give the possiable BOD values for clean water and
polluted water.
31) Name the adverse effects caused by acid rains
32) What is PAN? What effect is caused by it
 GG GOWTHAM JUNIOR COLLEGE, HYDERABAD
IMPORTANT QUESTIONS
JUNIOR CHEMISTRY

33) What agrochemicals are responsible for water pollution

34) Define the term Green chemistry
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
35) The empirical formula of compound is CH2O . Its molecular weight is 90. Calculate the molecular
formula of the compound.
36) Assign oxidation number to the underlined elements in each of the following species. a) H2 O2
b) O2 F2 c)NaHSO4 d) KMnO4 e) Mn 𝑂4 −2 f) K2Cr2O7 g) NaHSO4 h) 𝐶𝑟2 𝑂7 2− i)Mn𝑂4 −
37) What volume of CO2 is obtained at STP by heating 4g ofCaCO3 ?
38) What are the disproportionation reactions? Give examples
39) How many numbers of moles of glucose are present in 540 gms of glucose?
40) Calculate the weight of 0.1 mole of sodium carbonate
41) How many numbers of moles CaCO3 are present in 200 gms of CaCO3
42) A solution is prepared by adding 2gm of a substance A to 18 gm of water.Calculate the mass percent
of solute
43) Define Molarity ? Calculate the molarity of NaOH in the solution prepared by dissolving 4 gm in
enough water to form 250ml of the solution
44) Define Normality ? Calculate the Normality of oxalic acid solution containing 6.3 g of H2C2O4.2H2O in
500ml of the solution
S- BLOCK ELEMENTS
45) What happens when magnesium metal is burnt in air?
46) Why are alkali metals not found in the free state in nature
47) Why is gypsum added to cement?
48) Which is called milk of magnesia? Give its uses
49) Lithium reacts with water less vigorously than sodium .Give your reasons
50) Describe the important uses of caustic soda
51) Describe the important uses of sodium carbonate
52) Describe the important uses of quick lime
53) Write the properties of Washing soda
54) Why are IA group elements called as alkali metals
55) Why does the solubility of alkaline earth metal hydroxide in water increases down the group?
56) Why does the solubility of alkaline earth metal carbonates and sulplates in water decreases down the
group?
57) Why does potassium carbonate can’t be prepared in solvay process
58) Write any two uses of Mg metal
59) Lithium salts are mostly hydrated .why
60) What are the characterstic colours imparted by the IIA group elements
61) What happens ,when Mg(𝑁𝑂3 )2 is heated ?Give the balanced equation
GROUP 13 ELEMENTS
62) Explain inert pair effect
63) Give the formula of borazine. What is its common name
64) Explain why atomic radius of Ga is less than that of Al
 GG GOWTHAM JUNIOR COLLEGE, HYDERABAD
IMPORTANT QUESTIONS
JUNIOR CHEMISTRY

GROUP 14 ELEMENTS
65) How does graphite function as a lubricant
66) Diamond has high melting point – explain
67) Graphite is a good conductor-explain
68) Name any two man made silicates
69) How is water gas or blue or syn or synthesis gas prepared?
70) How is producer gas prepared?
71) Si𝐹62− is known while Si𝐶𝑙6−2 is not prepared
72) Write the use of ZSM-5
73) What is allotropy? Give the crystalline allotropes of carbon.
74) Write the hybridisation of carbon in the following (a) CO2 (b) Diamond (c) Graphite (d) Fullerene
75) Write any four uses of CO2 gas.?
76) What is the use of dry ice?
77) Give the use of CO2 in Photosynthesis
78) Why is CO poisonous
79) CCl4 is not dissolved in water but SiCl4 dissolves why? Give reason
THERMODYNAMICS
80) State the first law of thermodynamics. Explain its mathematical notation
81) What is the relationship between Cp and Cv ?
82) What are ∆𝐻 sign conventions for exothermic and endothermic reactions
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
83) Write the reagents required for conversion of benzene to methyl benzene.
84) How is Nitrobenzene prepared
85) Write the conformations of ethane
86) Explain the i) principle of chromatography ii)Distillation
87) Write the structure of: Trichloroethanoic acid, Neopentane, P-nitrobenzaldehyde
88) Write a short note on a) Wurtz reaction b) Decarboxylation (c) Fridel craft alkylation
89) Write the structural formula of the given compounds - (a) 3,4,4,5 - Tetramethyl heptane
(b) 2- Methyl -1-butene (c)2 methyl pent-1-ene (d) 2,2,4,4 tetra methylpentane (e) 2,3 dimethyl
butanal
90) Write the functional isomers of organic compound C3 H6 O.
91) Write chain isomer structures of carbon compound C4H10
92) What is the type of hybridization of each carbon in the following compound?
CH≡ 𝐶 − 𝐶𝐻 = 𝐶𝐻2
93) Write the IUPAC names Of (refer old papers in GOWTHAM material)
GG GOWTHAM JUNIOR COLLEGE, HYDERABAD
IMPORTANT QUESTIONS
JUNIOR CHEMISTRY
GG GOWTHAM JUNIOR COLLEGE, HYDERABAD
IMPORTANT QUESTIONS
JUNIOR CHEMISTRY