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  • 2) Lect 2

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    ysyalshayy
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    This document discusses distance measurement techniques in engineering surveying. It aims to explain the differences between slope, horizontal and vertical distances; describe procedures for measuring distances with tapes; and identify common taping mistakes and how to correct for them. Specific topics covered include defining distance types, using equipment like tapes, measuring distances, and applying corrections for factors like slope, standardization, tension, temperature, and sag. The overall goal is to obtain precise taped measurements by removing systematic errors.

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    2) lect 2

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    This document discusses distance measurement techniques in engineering surveying. It aims to explain the differences between slope, horizontal and vertical distances; describe procedures for measuring distances with tapes; and identify common taping mistakes and how to correct for them. Specific topics covered include defining distance types, using equipment like tapes, measuring distances, and applying corrections for factors like slope, standardization, tension, temperature, and sag. The overall goal is to obtain precise taped measurements by removing systematic errors.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    7 views18 pages

    2) Lect 2

    Uploaded by

    ysyalshayy
    This document discusses distance measurement techniques in engineering surveying. It aims to explain the differences between slope, horizontal and vertical distances; describe procedures for measuring distances with tapes; and identify common taping mistakes and how to correct for them. Specific topics covered include defining distance types, using equipment like tapes, measuring distances, and applying corrections for factors like slope, standardization, tension, temperature, and sag. The overall goal is to obtain precise taped measurements by removing systematic errors.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 18

    Engineering surveying

    Distance measurement

    Aims
    After studying this chapter you should be able to:
    1. Understand the difference between slope, horizontal and vertical distances
    and why all of these are used in engineering surveying
    2. Describe on-site procedures that are used to measure distances with tapes
    3. Recognize the mistakes that occur frequently when taping and how to avoid
    these
    4. Calculate and apply a range of corrections to taped measurements in order to
    remove systematic errors from readings
    5. Discuss the precision that can be obtained when taping
    Engineering surveying

    Slope distance = AB = L
    Horizontal distance = AB = AB = D
    Vertical distance = AA = BB = V = !iH = Height difference
    Engineering surveying

    Equipment and fieldwork for taping

    ✓ Tapes used in surveying


    ✓ Measuring a distance
    ✓ Common mistakes when taping
    ✓
    Engineering surveying
    Engineering surveying

    Measuring a distance

    How to measure the distances


    Engineering surveying
    Engineering surveying
    Slope correction

    slope correction = -L(1 -cos θ)


    Engineering surveying
    standardization
    standardization correction = L(l  - l )
    l

    (1.3)
    Engineering surveying
    Engineering surveying

    Tension
    This correction is only considered for steel tapes
    Engineering surveying

    Temperature correction
    Engineering surveying

    Sag Correction
    Engineering surveying
    Engineering surveying
    Engineering surveying
    Engineering surveying
    Engineering surveying
    Engineering surveying

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