Republic of the Philippines

AKLAN STATE UNIVERSITY

College of Teacher education
Banga, Aklan

DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN MATHEMATICS 8

I. LEARNING OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, the students must be able to:
a. Identify steps in simplifying rational algebraic expressions;
b. solved rational algebraic expressions into simplest form; and
c. showed participation and cooperation through a group activity and problem solving actively.

II. SUBJECT MATTER

A. Topic: Simplifying Rational Algebraic Expression
B. References: Abuzo, E., et al (2013). Mathematics - Grade 8 Learner’s Module.
Book Media Press, Inc.
C. Materials: Cartolina, marker, Double-Sided tape, PPT
D. PPST: Domain 4 – Curriculum and Planning
E. Value Focus: Cooperation and Participation
F. Strategy: Deductive Strategy, and Discussion

III. METHODOLOGY
Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity
A. Preparatory Activities
a. Prayer
Let us all stand for a prayer. Please lead the prayer
(name of the student)
(A student will lead the prayer)
Let us pray.
Lord our God, Father of light, with your assistance we will
study patiently and perform our duties conscientiously. For
your greater honor and glory, grant us a bright intellect, a
sound judgement and a retentive memory. Amen.
b. Greetings
Good morning class.
Good morning, Ma’am.
You can take your seat now. How are you class?
We are fine ma’am.
I am happy to hear that. Now, kindly pick up pieces
of paper under your chairs and then be seated
properly.

Are you done?

Yes Ma’am.
c. Checking of Attendance
Class Monitor, kindly take note who are absent
today.
Ok, Ma’am.

d. Passing of Assignments
Have you worked on your assignment last meeting?
Yes Ma’am.
Please pass your assignment to the center aisle
and pass it forward.
(Students pass their assignment)

e. Review
Before we proceed to our new lesson today, let us
have a quick review of the lesson we had last
meeting.
What was our previous lesson all about?
Last meeting Ma’am we’ve discussed about the identifying
the rational algebraic expression.
Very good.
What is rational algebraic expression?
It is a ratio of two polynomials provided that the
P
denominator is not equal to zero. In symbols;
Q
Good. where P and Q are polynomials, and Q = 0.

How can determined if undefined the rational

algebraic expression?
To determine by the denominator is equal to zero.
That’s right.
Who can give me an example of rational algebraic
expression?

2 x +10
Excellent!
5−3
It seems that you really mastered our last topic.

B. Motivation
I have here a short video for you to watch and have
an idea of our topic today.
Kindly, watch and listen carefully and try to
remember those key points that will be presented
through video and after you watch I have a few
question
Are we clear students?

Yes ma’am.

https://numberrock.com
What does the video represent?

The factoring prime number, composite and also square

Very good!
numbers
In factoring what you have notice

I notice in this video we factor the numerator and

Thats right!
denominator
What is square number

Great!
The product of a whole number with itself.
What is prime number?

Great!
Evenly divisible by only one itself.
What is composite Number?

Evenly divisible by numbers other than just one and itself

Good job students. It seems that you are all ready,
for our new lesson today.
 C. Presentation
Today, we are going to discuss Simplifying Rational
Algebraic Expression.

We will be guided of what you are going to learn by

the following objectives. Class kindly read it loud
and clear.

At the end of the lesson, the students must be able to:

a. Identified the steps in simplifying rational
algebraic expression;
b. Solved rational algebraic expression into simplest
form; and
c. Showed participation and cooperation through
Thankyou students! activity and solving problem, actively.
Let’s proceed to our discussion.
To simplify rational algebraic expression involving
binomial, for example:
2
21 a b
1. 2
14 b c
We have simple step to follow in order to simplify
the rational algebraic expression
Please read the steps.

1. Factor complete the numerator and

denominator
2. Divide out common factors/ if there is/are
any or apply the cancellation rule.
3. Rewrite the common factor

( 7 ) ( 3 ) ( a ) ( b ) (b)
Step 1.)
( 7 ) ( 2 ) ( b ) ( b ) ( c)

( 7 ) ( 3 ) ( a ) ( b ) (b)
Step 2.) cancel the common
( 7 ) ( 2 ) ( b ) ( b ) ( c)
factor

3a
Step 3.) ¿ Rewrite the common factor
2c

3a
The final answer is ¿ .
2c

2
35 x
2.) 2
49 x

(7)(5)(x )(x)
Step 1.) = factor complete the
(7)(7)(x )(x)
numerator and denominator

( 7) ( 5) (x ) ( x )
Step 2.).¿ Cancel the common factor
( 7) ( 7) ( x) ( x )
 5
Step 3.) ¿ Rewrite the common factor
7
Yes ma’am.
5
The final answer is = .
7

Dou you understand?

Let’s solve another example.

5
64 x
3. ¿ 2
16 x

(8)(8)(x)(x )(x)(x )(x)

Step1=
(8)(2)(x)(x )

(8)(8)( x)(x )(x)(x )(x)

Step2.=
(8)(2)(x)(x )

3
8x
Step3 .=
2
3
4 x ma’am
3
¿4 x

So, what is our final answer?

Very good! (student’s expected answer)

It seems you really understand the steps of
simplifying rational algebraic expression involving 1.)
monomial equation. 2 2
35 a b ( 7 ) (5)(a)(a)(b)(b)
2 ¿
21 a b (7)(3)(a)(b)(b)
Then, solve this following problem on your
notebook. Show your solution
( 7 ) (5)(a)(a)(b)(b)
¿
(7)(3)(a)(b)(b)
2 2
35 a b
1.) 2 5a
21 a b ¿
3

2 2 2.)
100 x y
2.) 2 3
2 2
100 x y (10)(10)(x )( x)( y)( y )
50 x y 2 3 ¿
50 x y (10)(5)( x)(x )( y )( y)( y)

(10)(10)(x )( x)( y)( y )

¿
(10)(5)( x)(x )( y )( y)( y)

10
¿
5y
 ¿2 y

Checking of answer.

Very good! Your answer is correct.

Let’s solve for Binomial equation
Here is the example of binomial equation
has a two term but we do also the same steps how 2( x +2)
to simplify the rational algebraic expression. =
( x−2)(x +2)
2x+4
1.) 2( x +2)
2
x −4 =
( x−2)(x +2)
Step 1.) Factor complete the numerator and
denominator

Step 2.) Cancel the common factor

Step 3.) Rewrite the common factor

2
, ma’am
x−2

What is our final answer?

Solution
Right!
Let’s do another example
8 x+32 8(x +4 )
Example 2.) ¿
2 x +8 2(x +4)

8(x +4 )
Step 1.) factor complete the numerator and ¿
2(x +4)
Denominator
¿4
Step 2.) Cancel the common factor

Step 3.) Rewrite the common factor 4 ma’am

What is our final answer?
2
Solution
x −16
Example 3.)
2 x−8 (x +4 )(x−4)
¿
2(x−4 )
Step 1.) factor complete the numerator and
Denominator
(x +4 )(x−4)
¿
2(x−4 )
Step 2.) Cancel the common factor

x+ 4
¿
Step 3.) Rewrite the common factor 2

What is our final answer? x+ 4

ma’am
2
Very good class!
It seems that you really understand how to simplify
the equation involving binomial
Now, it’s your turn to solve on your notebook I will
give you 5 minutes to answer
Student expected to answer

5 x −35 5 x −35
1.) 1.)
2 x−14 2 x−14

4 x−12 5(x−7)
2..) 2 ¿
x −9 2(x−7)
2
x −49 5(x−7)
3.) ¿
3 x −21 2(x−7)

5
¿
2

4 x−12
2..) 2
x −9

4 (x−3)
¿
(x +3)( x−3)

4 (x−3)
¿
(x +3)( x−3)

4
¿
x+3

2
x −49
3.)
3 x −21
(x−7)( x +7)
¿
3(x −7)

(x−7)( x +7)
Checking of answer. ¿
3(x −7)
Very good! Your answer is correct.
Now, Let’s solve for trinomial equation x+7
¿
It has a three term but we do also the same steps 3
how to simplify the rational algebraic expression.
2
m +6 m+5
Example 1.) 2
m −m−2

Step 1.) factor complete the numerator and

Denominator
Solution
Step 2.) Cancel the common factor
(m+5)(m+1)
=
Step 3.) Rewrite the common factor (m−2)(m+1)

What is our final answer?

Very good! (m+5)(m+1)
¿
2
(m−2)(m+1)
x +10 x +21
Example 2.) 2
x +8 x +15 m+ 5
¿
m−2
Step 1.) factor complete the numerator and
Denominator
m+ 5
Step 2.) Cancel the common factor ma’am
m−2

Step 3.) Rewrite the common factor

What is our final answer class? ( x +7)(x +3)

=
( x +5)(x+ 3)
Very good class!
( x +7)(x +3)
2 =
x −3 x+2 ( x +5)(x+ 3)
Example 3.) 2
x −5 x +6
x+7
¿
Step 1.) factor complete the numerator and x+5
Denominator

Step 2.) Cancel the common factor

x+7
¿ ma’am
x+5
Step 3.) Rewrite the common factor

What is our final answer?

Excellent class!
(x−2)( x−1)
¿
It seems that you really understand how to simplify (x−3)( x−2)
the equation involving trinomial
Now, it’s your turn to solve on your notebook I will (x−2)( x−1)
give you 5 minutes to answer ¿
(x−3)( x−2)
2
x +10 x−11 x−1
1.) 2 ¿
x + 7 x−8 x−3
2
x +5 x +6
2) 2 x−1
x −9 ma’am
x−3
2
x −2 x−15
3.) 2
x −4 x−5

(student’s expected answer)

1.)
x +10 x−11 (x+11)( x −1)
2
=
2
x + 7 x−8 ( x +8)(x−1)
 (x +11)(x−1)
¿
( x+ 8)(x −1)

x+11
¿
x +8
2
x +5 x +6 (x +3)(x +2)
2) ¿
2
x −9 (x−3)( x +3)
Are you done to answer?
(x +3)(x +2)
Let’s check your work ¿
(x−3)( x +3)
Very good students!
Your answer is correct!
x+ 2
¿
Do you have any clarification/question about our x−3
topic?
2
Okay. x −2 x−15 (x−5)( x +3)
3.) ¿
x −4 x−5 (x−5)( x +1)
2

D. Application (x−5)( x +3)

Let’s have a short activity. ¿
I will group you into 2 groups, the right column will (x−5)( x +1)
be the group 1 and the left column will be the group
2, then choose two representatives from each of x+3
=
your group. One representative to write your x+1
answers on the cartolina provided for you and the
other representative will explain your answers.
I have here 2 white cartolina, and marker and this
will be your activity materials. I will give you 5 Yes ma’am
minutes to answer

1.) Pearl bought x 2−36 meter of wire. She

divides the wire into x+6 meter long. How
many pieces she makes out of the wire? None ma’am.

2.) If Aling Dionysia has x 2+ 6 x+ 9meters of

ribbon and divides it into x-9 meters long
for a flower design in gown. How many
meters of ribbon was left?

Mechanics: Solve the following expressions by following

the steps in simplifying rational algebraic expression

Students expected answer

2
x −36
1.)
x +6

(x−6)( x +6)
¿ Factor complete the numerator
(x+ 6)
 and denominator
Let’s check your work.
Group 1 and group 2, attach your work on the board (x−6)( x +6)
and present it in front of your classmate. ¿ Cancel the common factor
(x+ 6)
Very good students!
¿ x−6 Rewrite the common factor
All of your answer is correct!
Okay, top your shoulder and say good job self.

Did you understand our activity class? 2

x +6+ 9
2.) 2
Do you have any question or clarification class? x −9

Are you sure? ( x+ 3 ) ( x +3 )

¿ Factor complete the numerator
( x−3 ) ( x+3 )
and denominator
E. Generalization
Since you don’t have any question, I have a few
questions, to make sure that you really understand (x +3)(x +3)
¿ Cancel the common factor
our topic today. (x +3)( x−3)
How many terms involving monomial equation?
x+ 3
That’s right! = x−3 Rewrite the common factor
How many terms involving binomial

Good!
How many terms involving trinomial

Great! (Students presented their work)

Who can enumerate the steps in simplifying rational
algebraic expression?

Very good! Yes ma’am.

Last question. Who can factor 2x-8?
None ma’am.
Excellent!
You really mastered our topic. Yes ma’am.

Has a one term ma’am

Has a two terms ma’am

Has a three terms ma’am

Factor complete the numerator and denominator, divide out

common factors/ if there is/are any or apply the
cancellation rule, Rewrite the common factor

2(x-4)
IV. EVALUATION
Direction: On a one whole sheet of paper, write your
answers and solutions for the following exercises.
Complete answering within 10 minutes.
2
x −2 x−15 Students expected answer
1.) 2
2
x −4 x−5 x −2 x−15
1.) 2
x −4 x−5
2 2
20 x y
2.) ( x−5 ) ( x +3 )
15 xy
2
¿
( x−5 ) ( x+1 )
2
x −7 x+12
3.) 2 ( x−5 ) (x +3)
x −9 ¿
( x−5 ) (x +1)
5 7
81 x y
4.) x+3
3 4
63 x y ¿
x+1
2 3
2 20 x y
3 x −6 2.)
5.) 15 xy
2
2 x −4
( 5 ) (4 )(x)(x )( y)( y)( y )
¿
(5)(3)( x)( y)( y )

( 5 ) (4 )(x)(x )( y)( y)( y )

¿
(5)(3)( x)( y)( y )

4 xy
¿
3
2
x −7 x+12
3.) 2
x −9

(x−4)(x−3)
¿
(x−3)(x+ 3)

(x−4)(x−3)
¿
(x−3)(x+ 3)

x−4
¿
x +3

5 7
81 x y
4.) 3 4
63 x y
3 2 4 3
9 ∙9 x x y y
¿ 3 4
9 ∙7 x y
3 2 4 3
9 ∙9 x x y y
¿ 3 4
9 ∙7 x y
2 3
9x y
¿
7
 2
3 x −6 x
5.)
2 x−4
3 x ( x−2 )
Are you done answering class! ¿
2( x−2)
Let’s us check you work, exchange your paper with
your seat mates. 3 ( x−2 )
¿
2 ( x−2 )
Did you all get the correct answer?

Now, return the paper to the owner and pass it forward. 3

¿
2
Did you all understand the activities class?

Do you have any question or clarification class?

Yes ma’am

Yes ma’am

Yes ma’am

None ma’am

V. ASSIGNMENT

Direction: In a one whole sheet of paper, Simplify the

following rational algebraic expressions.
(Student expected answer)
2 3
18 a b
1. ¿ 2 2 18 a b ( 9 )( 2 ) ( a )( a )( b )( b ) (b)
2 3
27 a b 1. ¿ =
27 a b (9)(3)(a)(a)(b)(b)
2 2

3 5
36 x y
2. ¿ 2 2 ( 9 ) ( 2 )( a ) ( a ) ( b ) ( b ) (b)
12 x y ¿
(9)(3)( a)(a)(b)(b)
6 x−42
3.) 2b
3 x−21 ¿
3
2
x −36
4. ¿
x +6
36 x y ( 6 )( 6 )( x ) ( x )( x ) ( y ) ( y)( y)( y )( y )
3 5

2 2. ¿ =
x −5 x+ 6 2 2
12 x y (6)(2)(x )(x)( y)( y )
5. ¿ 2
x −7 x +12
( 6 ) ( 6 ) ( x )( x ) ( x ) ( y ) ( y )( y )( y)( y)
2 ¿
m +16 m+63 (6)(2)( x)(x )( y )( y)
6.) 2
m −7 m−18 3
6 xy
¿
2
3
¿3 x y
 6 x−42 6 ( x−7 )
3. ¿ ¿
3 x−21 3 ( x −7 )

6(x−7)
¿
3(x−7)
¿3

x −36 (x−6)(x +6)

2
4. ¿ =
x +6 (x+ 6)
(x−6)( x +6)
¿
(x+ 6)

¿ x−6

x −5 x+ 6 (x −2)(x−3)
2
5. ¿ =
x −7 x +12 (x−3)(x−4)
2

(x−2)( x−3)
¿
(x−3)( x−4)

x−2
¿
x−4

m +16 m+63 (m+ 9)(m+ 7)

2
6.) =
m +11m+18 (m+ 9)(m+2)
2

(m+9)(m+7)
Good bye class! ¿
(m+9)(m+2)
See you tomorrow class.
m+7
¿
m+ 2

Good bye ma’am

Prepared By:

JEAN L. RENTINO
BSEd Mathematics 4