5A’s Detailed Lesson Plan in Mathematics 8

Content Standard: The learner demonstrates key concepts of linear inequalities in two
variables, systems of linear inequalities in two variables and linear functions.
Performance Standard: The learner is able to formulate and solve accurately real-life
problems involving linear inequalities in two variables, systems of linear inequalities
in two variables, and linear functions.
Learning Competency: The learner solves problems involving linear inequalities in two
variables (M8AL-IIa-4).

I. OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, all students are expected to attain at least 85% level
of proficiency in:

A. Translate mathematical statements into linear inequalities in two

variables;
B. Appreciate the importance of using inequalities in real-life situations; and
C. Solve problems involving linear inequalities in two variables.

II. LEARNING TASK

Subject Matter: Algebra
Topic: Solving Linear Inequalities in Two Variables
Reference: Mathematics 8 Learner’s Material, K to 12 Curriculum Guide; page
Material: Laptop, Projector, Cardboard, Chalk
Strategy: Collaborative Learning, Board Work Activity and Answering Activities/
Exercises
Values Integrated: Cooperation and Teamwork

III. PROCEDURE

Teacher’s Activity

A. Preparatory Activities
1. Warm-up Drills

Please stand up, everyone. Let us

start our day with a prayer. I would
like to ask Jessa to lead.
Dear God…...Amen.
Good morning class!
Good morning Ma’am.
How are you today?
We’re fine Ma’am. Thank you for asking.
That is good to hear.

Class, before you take your seats,

kindly pick up the pieces of papers or
plastics around you and arrange your
chairs silently and properly.

You may now take your seats.

Thank you Maam.

Is there any absent today from this

class? No one is absent Ma’am.

Okay, very good. Let’s give ourselves

3 big claps.
This time class, I want you to
remember our classroom rules when
we are having our lesson inside our
classroom. Everybody, read:
Am I clear, class?
1,2,3
Classroom Rules
1. Be prepared for every class.
2. Raise your hand before asking or
speaking.
3. Be confident to share your ideas.
4. Respect and listen to your
teacher and classmates.
5. Keep your workplace clean and
tidy.
Yes Ma’am.

Alright this morning, before we

proceed with our main topic, we’re
going to have first a recap of the
discussion we had yesterday.

Yes, Jessa?
Ma’am, last meeting we discussed about
solving problems involving linear
Okay, very good. Yesterday, we equations in two variables.
talked about solving problems
involving linear equations in two
variables.

Now, who can give me an example of

a linear equation in two variables?
Yes, April?
2x – 3 = 0 is an example of a linear
equation in two variables since it is
written in the form of ax + by + c=0,
where a, b & c are real numbers and the
coefficients of x and y, i.e a and b
respectively, are not equal to zero.

How do we solve linear equations?

Ella, will you please give me the steps To solve linear equations, find the value
in solving linear equations? of the variable that makes the equation
 true. Use the inverse of the number that
multiplies the variable, and multiply or
divide both sides by it. Simplify the result
to get the variable value. Check your
answer by plugging it back into the
equation.

Exactly! That is correct. Are there any

questions about our lesson last
meeting?
None, Ma’am.
Okay, very good class!

2. Motivation

Class, when does less become more?

Now, I have here pictures with a
phrase and all you need to do is to
supply each phrase with the most
appropriate word from the pool of
words found at the box. Is that clear? Yes, Ma’am.

1. Less money,
more
__________

2. More smile,
less

___________

3. Less make-
up, more
__________

4. More
peaceful,
less
___________

5. Less talk,
more

____________

6. Less trees,
more

___________
 7. More
savings, less

____________

Debts Income

Problems Natural

Floods Expenses

Actions Stress

People Air
My answer is more Debts, Ma’am.

For number 1, Camille?

The answer is less Problems, Ma’am.

Okay correct, number 2? Yes, Jona?

More Natural, Ma’am.
Very good! How about for number 3,
Jessica?
The appropriate word is less Stress.
Indeed! Let me have Alex for number
4.
The answer is more Actions, Ma’am.
Aha! Next number 5, Megan?

More Floods is the correct word, Ma’am.

What about number 6, Leo?

The best word is less Expenses.

Okay, for the last item? Yes, Carlo?

Well done, everyone! Thank you for

participating.

B. Developmental Activities
1. Presentation

In real life situations, we often encounter

the words less than and more than. Is
that right, class?
Yes, Ma’am.
Well, have you asked yourself how your
parents budget their income for your
family’s needs? How engineers
determine the needed materials in the
construction of new houses, bridges, and
other structures? How students like you
spend their time studying, accomplishing
 school requirements, surfing the internet,
or doing household chores? These are
some of the questions which you can
answer once you understand the key
concepts of Linear Inequalities in Two
Variables.

As we go along with our discussion you

must be guided on the following
objectives. Kindly read everyone.

At the end of the lesson, all students are

expected to attain at least 85% level of
proficiency in:

A. Translate mathematical statements

into linear inequalities in two
variables;
B. Appreciate the importance of using
inequalities in real-life situations;
and
Do you understand? C. Solve problems involving linear
inequalities in two variables.

Very good! Yes, Ma’am.

2. Lesson Proper
a. Activity

Now, we will have a group activity which

is good for 5 minutes. I will group you in (Students will have a count-off for Group 1,
to 3 by count-off. Then, go to your
2, and 3)
groupmates. Write your answers on the
manila paper provided. Each group will
present their work. Please be guided with
the rubric.

Activity 2: Budget…Matters
Directions: Use the situation below to
answer the questions that follow.

Amelia was given by her mother Php320

to buy some food ingredients for “chicken
adobo”. She made sure that it is good for
5 people.
Possible Answer
Questions:
1. Suppose you were Amelia. Complete 1.
the following table with the needed
data.
 2. We estimate the cost of each ingredient
based on how much it costs per unit or
piece from its quantity.
3. Yes, the money was enough to buy all
the ingredients. Since the allocated budget
is Php320, it is enough because we only
have a total cost of Php221.5.
4. We will represent this algebraically by
stating it as x and y which represents the
unknown cost per piece or unit of each
2. How did you estimate the cost of each ingredient.
ingredient?
3. Was the money given to you enough to
buy all the ingredients? Justify your
answer.
4. Suppose you do not know yet the cost
per piece or unit of each ingredient.
How will you represent this
algebraically?

Category 5 3 1

Arrive at The Didn’t

the answers arrive at
ACCURACY correct are the
answer. rambled correct
but answer.
correct.

Group is Group Teacher

on task all work on always
the time. the task reminds
ON TASK but need the group
some to get on
teacher task.
reminders.

All Members One

members work well person
work all together only
COOPERATION
together most of works the
all the the time. task.
time.

The group Some The

work on members group is
the task are noisy. very
DISCIPLINE quietly noisy and
and distract
communic other
ates well. groups.

Thank you everyone for presenting

your respective outputs. You are all
correct! Yes, Ma’am.

b. Analysis

From the activity done, have you seen

how linear inequalities in two variables
are illustrated in real life?

Very good, class!

The word inequality means that two

expressions are not equal. It uses the
relation symbols <, >, ≤, ≥, ≠. Linear
inequality in two variables is an
inequality that can be written in one of
the following forms: Ax + By < C,
Ax + By ≤ C, Ax + By > C, or Ax + By
≥ C.

Certain situations in real life can be

modeled by linear inequalities. For
example, (a) to find the maximum
amount of gasoline in liters that can
be put in the gasoline tank, (b) how
much money should be spent for
internet load in a week without
exceeding the budget, and many
more. Below are some examples:

1. The total amount of 1-peso coins

and 5-peso coins of Pedro in his
bag is more than Php150.
2. Emily bought two blouse and a
pair of pants. The total amount she By representing each item as x and y,
paid for the items is not more than Ma’am.
Php980.

Now class, how are we going to

translate statements into linear
inequality in two variables? Yes,
Jason.

This can be modelled as 2 x+ y ≤ 980 where

Precisely! In number 1, this can be x is the cost of each blouse and y is the
modelled as x +5 y> 150 where x is the cost of pair of pants.
number of 1-peso coins and y is the
number of 5-peso coins.

How about number 2? Yes, Ella.

Yes, very good!

Thank you, students, for sharing your Steps in Solving Problems Involving Linear
ideas. Inequalities in Two Variables:
1. Read and understand the problem.
The method in solving problems 2. Identify the given and what is being
involving linear inequalities in two asked.
variables is related to solving 3. Represent variables for the unknown
problems involving linear equations in quantities.
two variables. Will you please read 4. Translate into mathematical inequality.
the steps, everyone. 5. Solve the inequality.
 6. Answer what is being asked.

Okay, thank you! Now, let us solve

problems involving linear inequalities.

Example: Monica went to a store to

buy pens and pencils. Each pen costs
Php7.00 and each pencil for Php5.00.
If Monica has Php50.00 and bought 3
pens, what is the maximum number of
pencils she can buy? Given:
• A pen costs Php 7.00 each
Solution: • A pencil costs Php 5.00 each
Step 1. Read and understand the • Monica has Php 50.00
problem. Asked:
Step 2. Identify the given and what is What is the maximum number of
being asked. Mario, what is the given pencils she can buy?
and what is being asked?

Let x = number of pens

y = number of pencils
Brilliant! You are correct.

Step 3: Represent variables for the

unknown quantities.
What is our x and y here, Melissa?

Correct! Very good!

Step 4: Translate into mathematical
inequality.
7x + 5y ≤ 50

Step 5: Solve the inequality.

7x + 5y ≤ 50
7(3) + 5y ≤ 50
21 + 5y ≤ 50
5y ≤ 50 – 21
5y ≤ 29
≤ 5.8

Step 6: Answer what is being asked.

The maximum number of pencils
Monica can buy is 5 pieces.

c. Abstraction
Linear inequality in two variables is an
 Now let us summarize what you have inequality that can be written in one of the
learned today. following forms: Ax + By < C, Ax + By ≤ C,
Ax + By > C, or Ax + By ≥ C.
Again, what is linear inequality in two
variables? Yes, Alex.
By using the variable x and y for each
unknown element.

Steps in Solving Problems involving Linear

Very good! Now how do we represent Inequality:
unknown items algebraically? 1. Read and understand the problem.
2. Identify the given and what is being
asked.
Precisely! How about the steps in 3. Represent variables for the unknown
solving problems involving linear quantities.
inequalities in two variables, Hannah? 4. Translate into mathematical inequality.
5. Solve the inequality.
6. Answer what is being asked.

Very good! That is correct.

d. Application

This time class, I will group you again

into two groups. Please form into two
groups. In your group, choose a
leader.

(Group the students and distribute

materials to be used)
Group leaders please read the
instruction of the activity.

Activity 5: Purchase What She

Needs!
Direction: Solve the given problem
involving linear inequality in two
variables. Follow the appropriate
steps in solving problems involving
linear inequality in two variables. Write
your solution in the manila paper that
is provided for each group. Be guided
with the rubric.

Category 5 3 1
 Arrive at The Didn’t
the answers arrive at
ACCURACY correct are the
answer. rambled correct
but answer.
correct.

Group is Group Teacher

on task all work on always
the time. the task reminds
ON TASK but need the group
some to get on
teacher task.
reminders.

All Members One

members work well person
work all together only
COOPERATION
together most of works the
all the the time. task.
time.

The group Some The

work on members group is
the task are noisy. very
DISCIPLINE quietly noisy and
and distract
communic other
ates well. groups.

Aling Marta has a budget of

Php1,000.00 to buy pork (x) and
chicken (y). She finds that pork costs
Php110.00 per kilo and chicken costs (Group 1 will present their output.)
Php90.00 per kilo. How many
kilograms of chicken can Aling Marta
buy without exceeding her budget if (Group 2 will present their output.)
she already bought 4 kilos of pork?
Possible Outputs of Group 1 and Group 2:
Okay, please present you output
Group 1. Step 1. Read and understand the problem.
How about Group 2? Step 2. Identify the given and what is being
asked.
Given:
• A budget of Php1,000.00 to buy pork and
chicken.
• Pork costs Php110.00 per kilo
• Chicken costs Php90.00 per kilo
Asked:
How many kilograms of chicken can Aling
Marta buy without exceeding her budget if
she already bought 4 kilos of pork?

Step 3: Represent variables for the

unknown quantities.
Let x = number of pork
y = number of chickens
 Step 4: Translate into mathematical
inequality.
110 x +90 y ≤1000

Step 5: Solve the inequality.

110 x +90 y ≤100 0
110 (4)+ 90 y ≤ 100 0
440 +90 y ≤ 100 0
90 y ≤100 0−440
90 y ≤560
≤ 6.2

Step 6: Answer what is being asked.

Aling Marta could buy 6 kilograms of
chicken without exceeding her budget if
she already bought 4 kilos of pork.

Alright! It seems that the two groups

got the correct answer. But Group 1
were able to follow the rubric, so they
got the high score. Very good, class!
Thank you for participating.

e. Assessment

This time class, I will measure each

one of you whether you really learned
from the lesson that we have
discusses. On a 1 whole sheet of
paper, answer the following questions
in 10 minutes.

Test 1. Translate Me! Answer Key:

Directions: Complete the table below
by translating either the linear 1. 𝑥 + 8𝑦 > 10
inequalities into verbal phrases or vice 2. The product of 2 and x less than the
versa. product of 6 and y is lesser than 20.
Linear Verbal Phrases 3. 4 x ≤ 16 y−2
Inequalities
1. The sum of 𝑥 4. The product of 5 and x less than 1 is
and the product greater than or equal to the product of 2
of 8 and 𝑦 is and y.
greater than 10. 5. x +12 y ≥ 10
2. 2𝑥 – 6𝑦 < 20

3. The product of 4
and 𝑥 is less
than or equal to
 16𝑦 minus 2
4. 5𝑥 − 1 ≥ 2𝑦

5. The sum of a
number 𝑥 and
the product of
12 and 𝑦 is
greater than or
equal to 10.

Test II. What’s in my bag?

Direction: Solve the given problem
involving linear inequality in two
variables. Follow the appropriate
steps in solving problems involving
linear inequality in two variables. Write
your solution.
Answer Key:
The total amount of 1-peso (x) coins
and 5-peso (y) coins in Pedro’s bag is Step 1. Read and understand the problem.
less than Php 15.00. What is the
maximum number of 1-peso (x) coin if Step 2. Identify the given and what is being
there is only one 5-peso (y) coin in his asked.
bag? Given:
•The total amount of 1-peso (x) coins and
5-peso (y) coins in Pedro’s bag is less than
Php15.00.
Asked:
What is the maximum number of 1-peso (x)
coin if there is only one 5-peso (y) coin in
his bag?

Step 3: Represent variables for the

unknown quantities.
Let x = number of 1-peso coins
y = number of 5-peso coins

Step 4: Translate into mathematical

inequality.
1 x+5 y <15

Step 5: Solve the inequality.

1 x+5 y <1 5
1 x+5 (1)<1 5
1 x<1 5−5
1 x<1 0
¿10

Step 6: Answer what is being asked.

The maximum number of 1-peso (x) coin is
10 if there is only one 5-peso (y) coin in his
bag.
 Time is up! Please pass your paper
now. Thank you so much class for
participating. I am so impressed!

Copy the written data on the board for

your assignment. That is all for today. If
you have questions or clarifications, my Goodbye, Ma’am. Thank you for teaching
consultation time is posted at the us today! See you tomorrow.
faculty room. Have a great day and
God bless. Goodbye, class.

IV. ASSIGNMENT

Direction: Read the situation carefully. Solve the problem by using the steps in solving
problems involving linear inequality in two variables. Write your answer on your
notebook.

1. Mr. Sison wants to buy more than a total of 5 kilograms of pork and chicken for his
family consumption but can spend a maximum of Php1,000.00. A kilogram of pork (x)
and fish (y) cost Php200.00 and Php100.00, respectively. How many kilograms of
chicken can he buy if he decided to spend only 2 kilograms of pork?

Prepared by: Checked by:

Farrah Grace M. Caliwan Ms. Ma. Gracelda B. Odon
Student Teacher Cooperating Teacher