Detailed Lesson Plan in Algebra for Grade 8

I. OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, students must be able to:
1. Illustrates a system of linear equations in two variables;
2. Determine if a given ordered pair is a solution to a system of linear equations in two variables; and
3. Illustrate a word problem as a system of linear equations in two variables.

II. SUBJECT MATTER

A. Topic: Introduction to systems of linear equations.
B. References: Khan Academy,
C. Materials: Activity sheets and slide presentation
D. Skills to Develop: Analysis, critical thinking
E. Concept: Two or more linear equations considered together form a system of linear equations.
F. Values Integration: Camaraderie, team work, self-esteem
G. Strategy: 4A’s (Activity, Analysis, Abstraction and Application)

III. PROCEDURE
Teacher’s Hint Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity
A. Preliminary
Activity Good morning class! Good morning Sir Lapitan!
1. Greetings
Please stand for the opening prayer. (Students will do)
2. Prayer ________ please lead the opening prayer.

Before you take your seats, kindly pick up (Students will do)
3. Securing of the pieces of paper and plastic or anything
Cleanliness and that is not appealing to the human eye.
Orderliness Then, arrange your chairs accordingly and
seat properly.
Always keep in mind the class rules.
1. No cellphones allowed during discussion
unless it will be used in our discussion.
2. Do not make disturbing noise and stay
focus on the discussion.
3. When you want to say something, just
raise your hands and no more shouting
“Sir!”
4. Always respect the answers of your
classmates if even if it is wrong.
5. If you want to go to the rest room always
ask for permission.
4. Checking of
Attendance Let’s check the attendance? (Mark reports the names of the absentees)

5. Checking of Do we have an assignment from the None Sir!

Assignment previous lesson we had?

6. Recall of the Since we don’t have an assignment, let have

Pre-requisite a short review game called is it A or B?
Lesson
You do not need to raise your hand I will
use your index cards to choose who will
answer the questions.

Are you ready class? Yes, Sir!

The first one who will answer is Jhon!

Letter A Sir!

Very good!

Always remember that the exponent of the It must be equal to 1 Sir!

variables in a linear equation must be equal
to what?

Yes Ishi! Sir, the exponents must be equal to 1.

Very good!

For the next question. Let’s call on Mark

Letter A Sir!

Very good! It seems like you really

None, Sir!
understand the lesson.
We must remember that the standard from
of linear equation is ax + by = c.

Next will be Naiah

Letter A Sir!

Very good!
When graphing a linear equation, we always
have a straight line.

Next is Cris

Letter A Sir!

Very good!
In a linear equation A and B must not be
equal to zero.
We will not have values for x and y if that’s
will happen.
Understood!
Next will be Kent

Letter B Sir!

Very good! All you need to do is substitute

the give ordered pair.

Next is Fred

Letter B Sir!

Very good!

Next is Jhome

Letter A Sir!

Very good!

Let’s have Jolo

Letter B Sir!

Very good!

Next is Krisha

Letter A Sir!

Very good!
The slope intercept form can be written as
y = mx + b
 For the last question let’s call on Reggie

Letter A Sir!

Very good! Its very clear that everyone

understand our lesson about linear
equations.

You all did a Great job!

Before we proceed to the main topic lets

have another game.

Do you want more games? Yes, Sir?

Let’s call this game. . . .

7. Motivation

In this game you will be given sets of

equations and an ordered pair. What you
need to do is find the equations that have
similar solution.

Are you ready class!

 Very good! You all got it.

B. Lesson Proper One example is marriage. This marriage is a

bond of two different person with the same
1. Presentation of feelings towards each other. That difference
the Lesson acts as the two equations and the same
feelings that they feel is the solution that
satisfies them both and that relates to our for
today, that is Introduction to the systems of
linear equations.

(A student raises a hand, was called and

For us to be guided with our lesson, we recognized, then reads the objectives)
have here the following objectives that we
2. Presentation of need to achieved the discussion of the topic. At the end of the lesson, students must:
the Lesson Can anyone please to read these objectives? 1. Illustrates a system of linear equations in
Objectives two variables;
2. Determine if a given ordered pair is a
Yes , Nika solution to a system of linear equations in
two variables; and
3. Illustrate a word problem as a system of
Thank you! linear equations in two variables.

For us to understand the things that we will

discuss today, we need first to unlock the
following terminology:

Systems of linear equations is a set or

collection of equations that you deal with all
together at once. Linear equations (ones that
graph as straight lines) are simpler than
non-linear equations, and the simplest linear
system is one with two equations and two
3. Unlocking of variables.
difficulties
 Before we discuss anything about our new
lesson, let us have first an activity.

Food Monkey Delivery Service

4. Activity

a. Pre-Activity Mechanics:
1. The task you all need to do is help the
delivery man to deliver all the foods to the
right houses.
2. You will be grouped into four.
3. From your group choose a reporter and
the one who will write your answer in a
manila paper.
4. Each group will have two different
families that they need to deliver the food.
5. Check if the given set of ordered pairs
will satisfy both of the equations.
6. Each ordered pair has the items ordered
by each of the family.
7. You only have 5 minutes to finish this
activity.

For you to have a high score in the activity,

please be guided by the following rubrics.

(Students counting 1 to 4)
Now, please start counting.

I will give you the envelope inside this is

the activity sheet, manila papers and
marker.
You can now start reminder you only have 5
minutes to finish this activity.
b. Activity (Students will work the activity out)
Proper Group 1. Cruz and Mcdonald Family
Group 2: Sapin And Wendy Family
Group 3: Rivera and Jolly Family
Group 4. King and Chow Family

(Teacher facilitates the activity. She will

roam around to monitor student’s works)
 (Students will paste their works on the
Time’s up! Please post your work of the board. Every representative presents their
board and present it. works)

(students clapping and cheering)

Excellent outputs class! Let us clap our
hands for ourselves.

c. Post- Based from your outputs, who can define a

Activity system of linear equations? Based from our outputs, I think system of
linear equations in two variables is the
Yes, Kenzie! composition of two equations having the
same solution.
Very good!

How did you determine if an ordered pair is

a solution to the system of linear equations
5. Analysis in two variables? We determined it by substituting the given
sets of ordered pairs to the set of equations.
Yes, Fjord!

Very good! That is one way in order to

determine if it satisfies the system of linear
equation
Another answer! We solve it with the use of graphing and by
plotting of point in the Cartesian coordinate
Yes, AJ! plane.

Very Good! It seems like you are all ready

for our topic for today.

None sir!
Do you still have any questions regarding
systems of linear equations in two
variables?

Let us continue our discussion. Basically,

it consists of two linear equations with one
or two variables each; can be in a form
𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 = 𝐶
{
𝐷𝑥 + 𝐸𝑦 = 𝐹
Examples:
𝑦=7 𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 6
{ and { are systems of
𝑥−1=4 𝑦−6 =0
linear equations with either one or two
6. Abstraction variables.

Does the graph of the system consist of

intersecting lines?
Yes, Sir! It intersects
Yes, Ruby!

Very good!
That intersection is called the solution to the
system of linear equation.
Let’s have some examples.

Show that (−1, 3) is a solution to the

2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 1
system {
3𝑥 − 2𝑦 = −9
Solution:
Step 1: First, identify the x and y in the
ordered pair. In ( -1, 3)
What the value of x and y?
x = -1 and y = 3
Yes, Keanna

Very good!

Step 2: Substitute the values of x and y to

the both equation and check if it will satisfy
both equations.
Who wants to substitute the given values? 2( −1) + (3) = 1
{
3(−1) − 2(3) = −9
Yes, Antonio!

Very good!

Step 3: Solve both equations and check if it

satisfies both of them.

For the first equation, who wants to try? 2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 1

?
2(−1) + 3 = 1
Yes Reign! ?
−2 + 3 = 1
Very good! 1 = 1 𝐓𝐫𝐮𝐞

For the second equation.

3𝑥 − 2𝑦 = −9
?
Yes Christian! 3(−1) − 2(3) =− 9
?
−3 − 6 =− 9
Very good!
−9 = −9 𝐓𝐫𝐮𝐞

Since (−1, 3) satisfy both equations of the

system,
it follows that (−𝟏, 𝟑) is a solution of the
system.
And its graph looks like this.

Example 2:
If (4, −1) is a solution to the system
𝑥 = 𝑏𝑦
{ , solve for the value of Yes sir!
𝑎𝑥 + 4𝑦 − 4 = 0
𝑎 and 𝑏.
Who wants to try and solve this?
Solution:
Yes, Josh! Let us substitute 𝑥 = 4 and 𝑦 = −1 to
both equations.
 𝑎𝑥 + 4𝑦 − 4 = 0
𝑎(4) + 4(−1) − 4 = 0
4𝑎 − 4 − 4 = 0
4𝑎 − 8 = 0
4𝑎 = 8
𝑎=𝟐
𝑥 = 𝑏𝑦
4 = 𝑏(−1)
−4 = 𝑏
𝑏 = −𝟒
Excellent Josh!

Example 3: What will you do if a word

problem is given?
None sir!
Class do you have an idea?

There is just three basic steps in solving this

kind of problems; The sum of two numbers is 68 while their
But first kindly read the problem Miles. difference is 12. Determine the system of
linear equations that represent the given
problem and determine if (40, 28) is a
Thank you! solution to the problem.

Step 1:
Assign values to the variables x and y.
Let x be the larger number and y be
the smaller number.

Step 2: Write the equation of the system

from the
given problem.

The statement “the sum of two numbers is

68” can translated to x + y = 68.

The statement “the difference of two

numbers is 12”
can be translated to x – y = 12.

The system, of linear equation the

represents the given problem is
𝑥 + 𝑦 = 68
{ .
𝑥 − 𝑦 = 12

Step 3: Determine if (40, 28) is a solution to

the problem.
?
𝑥 + 𝑦 = 68
?
40 + 28 = 68
68 = 68
𝐓𝐫𝐮𝐞
?
𝑥 − 𝑦 = 12
?
40 − 28 = 12
12 = 12
𝐓𝐫𝐮𝐞
Is (40, 28) solution to the problem?
Since (40, 28) satisfy both equations of the
Yes, KC system, it follows that the two numbers are
40 and 28.
Very good!
 To test whether you really understand the
lesson, you will need to answer this
completely.

Group Practice:
Analyze and solve the word problem.
Russel sold 20 apples at ₱6 each and
oranges at ₱5 each. He earned ₱105 after
selling all the fruits. Write a system of
linear equations that models the situation
where 𝑥 and 𝑦 represent the number of
apples and oranges respectively and
determine if (5, 15) is a solution to the
system.
Mechanics
1. You will be grouped into four.
2. Solve the given word problem
completely.
3. Assign who will be the reporter and the
one who will write on the manila paper.
4. When your finish perform the cheer that
you created.
5. You only have 10 minutes to finish this
activity.
6. The students will be graded based on the
rubrics.

7. Application

Your timer starts now!

(Students will work the activity out)
(Teacher facilitates the activity. She will
roam around to monitor student’s works)
(Students will paste their works on the
Time’s up! Please post your works on the board. Every representative presents their
board and present it. works)

8. Generalization
(students clapping and cheering)
Excellent outputs class! Let us clap our
hands for ourselves.

Other use of this subject:

We can use these systems of linear

equations in balancing complex chemical
equations.
For example we are to balance
___C2 H6 O + ____O2 → ____CO2 + ____H2 O
Solution:
Step 1: List the number of elements for both
sides
Reactant → Product
C:2 C:1
H:6 H:2
O:3 O:3
Step 2: Assign variable for the missing
numerical coefficient.
a_C2 H6 O + b_O2 → c_CO2 + d_H2 O
Step 3: Create a working equation for each
elements
a_C2 H6 O + b_O2 → c_CO2 + d_H2 O
Equation 1 for Carbon: 2a = c
Equation 2 for Hydrogen: 6a = 2d
Equation 3 for Oxygen: a + 2b = 2c + d

2𝑎 = 𝑐
{ 6𝑎 = 2𝑑
𝑎 + 2𝑏 = 2𝑐 + 𝑑
Step 4: Choose any variables on your
equation to work with and let it be
equal to 1.
Let a = 1
Use Equation 1
2a = c
2(1) = c
c=2
Use Equation 2:
6a =2d
6(1) = 2d
6 = 2d
6 2𝑑
=
2 2
d=3
Use Equation 3:
a+ 2b = 2c + d
1+ 2b = 2(2) +3
1 +2b = 7
2b = 7 - 1
2b = 6
2𝑏 6
=
2 2
𝑏=3
None, Sir!
Do you still have any questions regarding to
the introduction of systems of linear
equations?

Excellent class! Now, who can relate the

concept of the different types of system of
linear equations into real life setting? In real life, there will be people that we will
meet at exactly one point of our lives then
Yes, King! they go and we will never see them
anymore.
However, there will be people that we will
Excellent meet in our lives who will stay with us
forever no matter who and what we are.
That was wonderful. Indeed, system of
linear equations can be used in order to
relate the people that come and pass into our
lives. We can also relate system of linear
equations in our relationship with other
people.
None sir!
Class, do you still have any questions?

If that is the case, let me test whether you

really learned or not. Please get ½ crosswise
and answer the following for 10 minutes.
IV. EVALUATION
Analyze and solve the following systems of linear equation completely.
𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 8
1. Is (−5, 2) a solution to the system { ?
4𝑥 − 7𝑦 = −5
2. For what value of 𝑎 and 𝑏 is (1,2) a solution
5𝑥 + 2𝑎𝑦 = 17
to the system { ?
−𝑎𝑦 = 2𝑥 − 4𝑏

V. ASSIGNMENT
Analyze and solve the following word problems(NoteBook)

1. The sum of two numbers is 37, and the larger number is 2 less than twice the smaller number. Let x be the
smaller number and y is the larger number. Write a system of linear equations that represents the problem and
determine if (24,13) is a solution to the system.