SIARGAO ISLAND INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Dapa, Surigao del Norte

DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN MATHEMATICS 8 – SECOND QUARTER

I. OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson the students are expected to:
1. .
2. .
3. ..

A. Content Standard: The learner demonstrates key concepts dependent and independent
variables.
B. Performance Standard: The learner is able to formulate and solve accurately real life
problem involving relations and functions.
C. Learning Competencies/Objectives: The learner will be able determines dependent and
independent variables.
D. Code: M8AL-IIc-3

II. SUBJECT MATTER:

A. Topic:
B. Time: 50 minutes
C. Materials: cartolina, felt – tip pen, scotch tape/paper tape, visual aids, picture
D. References: Icao, C.D. (2020). Mathematics Quarter 2 - Module 3: Relations and
Functions. pp.3-5. Published by the Department of Education
: Cadavos, R.C. (2020). Mathematics Quarter 2 – Module 5: “Illustrating and Verifying
a Relation and a Function”. pp.5-11. Published by the Department of Education
: Ulpina, J. N. (2020). Mathematics Grade 8. pp.13-15.Department of Education Region
IV-A CALABARZON.

III. PROCEDURE
Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity
A. PRELIMINARY ACTIVITIES
1. Greetings
Class, good morning! Good morning, Miss!
Did you eat breakfast? Yes, Miss.
That’s good to know because you’ll be
needing a lot of energy for today’s
lesson.

2. Prayer
Class, before anything else, let us all (Students stand to pray)
pray. I want you, _____, to lead the Okay ma’am. (Sign of the cross)
opening prayer. Our heavenly father,… Amen.

Thank you______.
Good Morning, Miss Quenie.
Again Good Morning class!
(The students picked up the dirt and arranged
Before you take your seats please pick
their chairs)
up the pieces of paper under and
beside your chairs, arranged your
chairs as well.
Thank you ma’am. (Students took their seats)
Now, you may sit. Thank you.

3. Attendance Check
So, let’s check your attendance before
 we move on to our topic for today.
None, ma’am.
Is there anyone who’s absent?

Great. That’s good to know.

4. Presentation of Objectives
Class, the following are the objectives
for you to achieve at the end of the
lesson.

At the end of the lesson the students

are expected to:
1. Define relation and function,
2. Answer relation using different
ways; and
3. Distinguish if the given
relation is a function or not.

B. REVIEW/RECALL
Class, on our previous lesson, we
discussed linear inequality in two Yes ma’am
variables, right?

Class, can you still recall what the rational (Students raise their hands)
symbols are in linear inequality? Yes ma’am, those symbols are < less than, >
_____, are you able to recall what those greater than, ≤ less than or equal to and ≥
symbols are? greater than or equal to. Ma’am

That’s correct. Thank you

And how can we present the solution of (Students raise their hands)
linear inequality? Thank you ma’am. The solution to a linear
_____, you have the opportunity to inequality can be presented in graphical
respond. form, ma’am.

That’s right. Thank you

And do you know class that the solution
of the inequality is either the half plane
below the line or above the line.

Class, what type of line may we draw

when the inequality is less than and equal Ma’am the line is solid line indicating that the
to or greater than and equal to? points on the line are included in the solution
____, could you please answer to this? set of the inequality.

Very Good! (Students raise their hands)

And when the inequality is less than or Ma’am, the line is broken line, means that
greater than? the points on the line are not included in the
Go ahead,_____ solution set.

Excellent!
Thank you everyone for participating.
Now, let’s proceed.
C. MOTIVATION
Now, are you ready for our discussion for
today? Yes ma’am

That's good. So let's begin with this

activity entitled “Guess the picture”.

I’ve got several photographs here, and I’d

like you to pay special attention to what
each one describes.
Yes ma’am
Are my direction clear?

The picture depicts the relationship between a

man and a woman, ma’am.

The picture depicts the father and daughter

relationship, ma’am.

The picture depicts the student and teacher

relationship, ma’am.

The picture depicts the sister and brother

relationship, ma’am.

Very
good class! Give yourselves a big round (The students applauded)
of applause

Class, what have you notice on the It involves relation ma’am.

pictures?

That’s great! The images shows different

real life relations.

In our next activity, I want you all too

please participate.

D. LESSON PROPER
Activity
Class, before we begin to our discussion, I
want you to be divided into four groups
and let’s have another activity. (Students are starting to divide themselves
into four group)
Class, are you familiar with ordered pair? Yes ma’am
What exactly is it? Ma’am, an ordered pair is a mathematical
 representation of a point (x, y).
Very good!
And we’re going to use it in this activity.

As you notice class from the visual aid, I

have here variety of objects and I want
you to Group the following objects in
such a way that they have common
properties / characteristics. Use the bond
paper that I gave to write it on.

Kitchen
Fork School
Liquid Gadget
Grater
Utensils eraser
Supplie
pencil s
Knife iPod
Laptop Ballpen Pot
Digital Tablet Cellphone
camera
Ladle Notebook Paper

Form some object ordered pair using the

format: (Object, common name)
a. Column 1:__________
b. Column 2:__________
c. Column 3:__________

You have 5 minutes to finish this activity.

And points are awarded to the team that
complete it first.
And your time stars…NOW! Good Luck!

(5 minutes later) Time’s Up!

Each group, please submit your work.
(Students are beginning to participate in the
activity)

(Each group submitted their work)

Analysis
Okay class, I’ve received your final
output.
And may I ask, how many objects can be 5 ma’am
found in each column? Ma’am, the objects are classified according to
How did you classify the objects? their character.

Very good class!

Class in the activities that we had, what Ma’am, the activities we had was connected
have you observed? with relation and function

That’s right.
And to know more about what it is in the
relation and function, let’s proceed to our
discussion.

Abstraction
Our topic for today is all about relations
and functions.

Do you have any idea what is relations or

when you hear the term relations, what
comes to your mind? (Students raise their hands)
Miss_____? Ma’am, the first thing that comes to me when
I hear the word relations is “sana all jauy
karelasyon” just kidding ma’am, a two-person
relationship ma’am.
 My family relations ma’am.
How about you_____? My friends’ ma’am or students and teacher
relation.
And you _____?

Very good, thank you class.

Class do you know that relation is set of

ordered pairs (x, y) containing one object
from each set.
For example: {(1,1),(2,3),(3,5)}.
Yes ma’am.
We all know that an ordered pair has x
and y coordinates, right?

And the first element of the ordered pair is

called domain or the x value. The second
element of ordered pair is called range or
the y value.

Now, let us attempt to determine the

domain and range of the ordered pair from
this set.
{(1,1),(2,3),(3,5)} (Students raise their hands)
Class, using this example, find the Ma’am Me! Me also ma’am,…
domain(x). Ma’am the domain are {1, 2, 3}.
Who already has the answer?
(Students raise their hands)
Okay,_____, what are the domain here? Ma’am the range are {1, 3, 5}
That’s correct!
How about the range (y) class?
Go ahead,_____

That’s right! Thank you

Okay let’s proceed. A relation may be

classified as:
One-to-one relation if every element in
the domain is mapped to a unique element
in the range.
For example: {(2,1),(4,3),(6,5)(8,7)}

Many-to-one if two or more elements in

the domain are mapped to only one
element in the range.

For example: {(1,3),(-1,3),(2,4)(-2,4)}

One-to-many if each element in the
domain is mapped to any two or more
elements in the range.
For example: {(1,2),(1,3),(5,4)(6,6)}

A combination of a many-to-one relation

and a one-to-many relation is called a
many-to-many relation.
Class aside from ordered pair, a relation
can be represented in different ways:
table, mapping, and graph.

TABLES AND EQUATIONS

The relationship between the domain and
range can be illustrated using table of
values or equation.
Example:
Construct table of values that will
illustrate the costs of number of notebooks
if the price is P12.00.
Let x be the number of notebook and y
the cost of the notebooks
x 1 2 3 4 … x
y 12 24 36 48 12x

MAPPING DIAGRAM
Is the arrows that connect elements in set
A to its related elements in set B. The two
sets are said to be the correspondence of
the elements.
The information in the table can also be
represented by mapping as shown below.

one – to – one correspondence

GRAPH
Functions or relations can be illustrated
through graphs. You can graph by plotting
the points on the rectangular coordinate
plane. You can take the points from the
set of ordered pairs, table of values or
equation or vice versa.
For Example:
Let us graph the ordered pairs of
 Set A = { (1, 2), (2, 4 ), (3, 6 ), (4, 8)
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5

A function is a special type of relation. It

is a relation where no element in the
domain is mapped or paired to more than
one element in the range

By looking at the definition of a function,

one-to-one relation and many-to-one
relation are functions. One-to-many and
many-to-many relations are just mere
relation.

Class let us examine the next examples for

(Students raise their hands)
further understanding.
Ma’am set A is a function, because there are
Determine which of the following sets of
no unique ordered pairs with the same first
ordered pairs is a function and not a
element.
function.
One-to-one relation ma’am.
A= {(3, 5), (2, 7), (4, 6), (-3, -5)}
B= {(0, 1), (-1, 2), (0, 3), (-2, 4), (-1, 5)}
(Students raise their hands)
Class, who can determine whether set A is Set B is not a function ma’am, since ordered
a function or not? Anyone? pairs (0, 1) and (0, 3) have the same first
Go ahead,_____ element.
One-to-many ma’am.
And we classified it as what?
None ma’am
Very well said____! Thank you
How about in set B?
Go on _____.

And we classified it as what?

That’s correct. Thank you.

Okay class, that's the end of our

discussion for today. Do you have any
questions or clarification regarding our
discussion?

Application
If none, let’s have another activity for me
to test if you really understand our
discussion.

With the same group, I want you to

answer this activity.

Direction: Identify the domain and range

and determine it is a function or mere
relation.
 Set of Domain Rang Relation/
Ordered e Function
Pairs
{(5,4),
(4,3), (3,2),
(3,1)}
{(-2,3), (-
1,3), (2,1)
(1,1)}
{(1,1),
(0,0), (1,1),
(-2,4),
(2,4)}
(Students are beginning to participate in the
You have 5 minutes to complete this activity)
activity. You may begin now.
(Each group submitted their work)
(5 minutes later) Okay class, time’s up!
Please pass your paper.
(Students begin to clap)
Good job everyone! Give yourselves a
round of applause for a job well done.

E. GENERALIZATION
How do you find our activity class? It was great ma’am.

Again, what is relation? (Students raise their hands)

Go ahead____. Ma’am relation is a set of ordered pairs (x, y)
containing one object from each set.
That’s Correct!
What are the elements of ordered pairs? (Students raise their hands)
Okay_____. Ma’am, the first element of the ordered pair is
called domain or the x value. The second
element of ordered pair is called range or the
y value.
You’re right!
And relations may be classified as what? (Students raise their hands)
Go on____ A relation may be classified as one-to-one,
many-to-one, or one-to-many, ma’am.
You’ve got it!
What are the different ways to represent
relations? (Students raise their hands)
Go ahead____. Ma’am, a relation can be represented in
variety of ways including ordered pair, table,
mapping, and graph.
That’s Correct!
What is function? Ma’am function is a special type of relation.
It is a relation where no element in the
domain is mapped or paired to more than one
element in the range.
Very good!
Thank you everyone for participating.

IV. EVALUATION
Let us find out if you really learned and understand our lesson. Let us have a quiz.

Directions: Use the given set of ordered pairs to draw the table of values, draw its graph, and
illustrates the mapping.
Set of ordered pairs: {(-3, -2), (-1,2), (0,1), (1,3)}
Answers Key:
 Table of Values Mapping
x -3 -1 0 1
y -2 2 1 3
-3 -2

Graph -1 2

4 0 1
3 1 3
2
1
0
-3.5 -3 -2.5 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5
-1
-2
-3

V. ASSIGNMENT
For your assignment to be pass next meeting.
I want you to determine whether the relation is a function. Write F if it is a FUNCTION and
NF if it is NOT FUNCTION.
1. {(1,3), (2,4), (3, 5), (4, 6)} Answer: F
2. {(1, 1), (9, 3), (9, -3), (0, 0)} Answer: NF
3. {(0, 0), (1, 1), (2, 4), (-2, 4)} Answer: F
4. {(1, 4), (2, 4), (3, 5), (3, 6)} Answer: NF
Write it in a one – whole sheet of paper.
Any questions, clarifications? None, Miss.

I hope you really understood the entire Noted, Miss.

discussion, and if you have any trouble in
understanding some areas, you can
message me on our group chat. Alright?

Okay class, please all stand so we could (The students stood up)
have a closing prayer.

(Sign of the cross) Our father who art… Amen.

Amen.

That would be all for today. Thank you Goodbye and thank you Miss Quenie.
everyone! Goodbye class.

Prepared by: Checked by:

MS. QUENIE JOY S. DULAY MR. JOREY LISONDRA

BSED 2 - Mathematics Instructor