Republic of the Philippines

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
City of Naga
[NAME OF SCHOOL]
S/Y 2019-2020

DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN MATHEMATICS FOR GRADE 7

(Date of Demonstration)

I. OBJECTIVES
a. CONTENT STANDARDS: The learner demonstrates understanding of key concepts of sets and the real
number system.
b. PERFORMANCE STANDARD: The learner is able to formulate challenging situations involving sets and
real numbers and solve these in a variety of strategies.
c. LEARNING COMPETENCY: The learner describes well-defined sets, subsets, universal sets, and the null
set and cardinality of sets. (M7NS-Ia-1)
d. LEARNING OBJECTIVES: At the end of one hour discussion, at least 80% of the students are expected to:
1. describes well-defined sets, subsets, universal sets, and the null set and cardinality of sets;
2. demonstrate mastery on identifying well-defined sets and writing elements in Roster Method and Rule
method; and
3. develop an appreciation for sets as a powerful tool for organizing and representing information.
II. CONTENT: Describing well-defined sets, subsets, universal sets, and the null set and cardinality of sets.

III. LEARNING RESOURCES:

Reference: Oronce, O. & Mendoza, M. (2015). e – math 7: Worktext in Mathematics. (pp. 2 –9).
Quezon City, Philippines: Rex Book Store, Inc.
https://depedtambayan.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/MATH7-ADM-MODULE-1.pdf
https://mgtnhs.files.wordpress.com/2012/06/math-gr-7-teachers-guide-q12.pdf
Instructional Materials: laptop and projector
Methodology: Inquiry-based learning, Collaborative Learning
Values Integration: patience, participation, critical thinking

IV. PROCEDURE
Teacher’s Activities Student’s Activities

A. PRELIMINARIES
a. Greetings Good day, everyone! Good day, Maam!
How was your day, class? We're fine, Ma'am!

b. Prayer Nice to hear that. May I request everyone to (Students stand up and pray)
please stand for the opening prayer.
(Students arrange the chairs and pick up the
c. Securing of Before you take your seats, may I request trash)
cleanliness everyone to kindly arrange your chairs
properly and pick up the trash and throw it
properly in the trash can.
None Ma'am!
d. Checking of You may now take your seats. Class beadle,
attendance who are absentees today?

e. Checking of I'm glad to hear that! Now, last meeting I told

attendance you to do research or have an advance reading
about well-defined sets, subsets, universal
sets, null sets, and the cardinality of set, hold
onto it since we'll need it for a later part of our
discussion.
Engage (5 minutes)

B. INTRODUCING Okay class, to start our discussion let’s have

THE LESSON first an interesting activity.
THROUGH A
MOTIVATION So our activity for today is called GROUP ME
AL
Instruction: I have here a set of pictures and
ACTIVITY/OT
you have to group them to the set they belong, Yes ma’am
HER then label it. I will call randomly or if someone
STRATEGY wants to answer, just raised your hand. Is it
clear?

Okay lets start for the first set of pictures.

Mr. Alcebor
Ma’am I have grouped the objects into four
groups and classify them as letter, number,
Okay, from the group of objects that you have
shape, and fruit.
mentioned.

Why did you group the objects as such?

Because the objects share a common
Very good . Thank you Mr. Alcebor characteristics.
How about the next one? There are four groups.

(Some students will raise their hands)

Yes, Ms. Ramos

Ma’am there is the group of hats, the group of
trees, the group of even numbers, and the group
of polyhedra.
Why did you group the object as such?
Because the objects share a common
Very good. Thank you Ms. Ramos
characteristics.
For the last picture

(Some students will raise their hands)

 Yes, Ms. Abarientos

Very good. Thank you Ms. Abarientos Ma’am there are group of school supplies
group of things worn by girls, group of gadgets
and group of things worn by boys
Okay class in you activity you have grouped
objects. The group of alphabet is a set of
alphabet. The group of hats is a set of hats. The (Students will read the objectives.)
group of school supplies is a set of school
supplies. And so on and so forth.

Now can you tell me what is set is?

Thank you. Another one?
Another idea?
Ma’am it is a group of objects
Thank you. Let’s find out if your ideas of set Ma’am, it is a collection of objects
is correct. Ma’am, it is a well defined group.

According to the standard definition of Set. Set

is a well-defined group or collection of
objects that share common characteristics.

Your ideas are the same with the standard

definition. So with that I can see that you
already know what is set. Because our topic for
today is all about set, well-defined sets,
subsets, universal sets, null sets, and the
cardinality of set. And as I told you last
meeting you should do advance reading about
this terms.

For today’s discussion, we have the following

objectives. Kindly Read.

(Students will read the objectives.)

At the end of the lesson, the students should

be able to:
1. describes well-defined sets, subsets,
universal sets, and the null set and cardinality
of sets;
2. demonstrate mastery on identifying well-
defined sets and writing elements in Roster
Method and Set -Builder Notation; and
3. develop an appreciation for sets as a
To attain our objectives, we will be having an powerful tool for organizing and representing
Explore (10 minutes) activity again. But this time, it will be a group information.
Group Activity activity and I will randomly assign you to four
groups.

(The teacher will divide the class into four

groups.)
Kindly count 1 to 3

Now, kindly go to your respective groups

Instructions: Complete the table by

 determining whether the given set is well-
defined, not well-defined or null set. If well-
defined, give the elements, there subsets and its
cardinality of set

All of you must know the work of your

group because I will be the one to choose
the presenter.

Are they any questions regarding the

activity?

If there is none, I will give you 10 minutes

to do that, and your time starts now!

Okay, time’s up!

Let us now come to the presentation of your

works.

(The teacher will select few students to present

their works.)

(The teacher will ask questions to clarify the

findings and output of the students.)

Now let’s discuss the concepts of well-defined (The chosen member from the group will
sets, subsets, universal sets, null sets, and the Present their work)
cardinality of set. And as I told you last
meeting you should do advance reading about
this terms.
Explain (25 minutes)
Based on our activity a while ago, what can
you conclude about the written phrases?

Why it is a set?

Great, how about the elements of a set?

Ma’am, it is a set

Very good! How about the difference of well Because it is a collection of well defined
defined set and not well defined? objects.

Elements are the objects contained in the set.

Very well said. What is empty set or null set?

Well defined means an object or thing or
element that is clearly defined. While not well
defined means an object or thing or element
Very good! How about what is a subset? that is not clearly defined.
Very good! Observation. Now what is the From the word itself empty set or null set is a
cardinality of set? set that has no elements.

Very good! Observation. But before we move Base from our activity a subset is a possible set
on to our discussion, let us take a look first at of elements that are included in the set.
your activity.

In the work of group 1, we can see that a set of

letter in the word in math is a well defined set.
Why do you say so that it is a well defined set?
How did you identify the elements in the set,
subject ,and subset of the set M? How did you
find the cardinality of set?

Well since the elements in the set M is clearly

defined or described, then it is a well defined
set. To find the elements of the set we simply
look of the letters that are contained in the set.
And for the subset of the set we listed the
That’s correct! So to classify the set if it is a possible set of elements that are included in the
well defined or not we should know if the set set. To find the cardinality of a set, we just
is clearly defined or not. The objects contained count the number of elements present in the
in the set are called elements. The subset is the given set.
set of possible set of elements that are included
in the set. And the cardinality is the number of
elements in the set.

In group 2, why did you conclude that a set of

bald men with braided hair is a null set? Why
is it there are no elements in the set and there is
no subset and cardinality of set?

Very good! We can say if that a set is a null set Since there is no bald men with braided hair it
if a set with no element. And by that there is classified as a null set or empty set. And
are no elements, subsets and cardinality of since it is an empty, therefore there no
set. elements, subset and cardinality of set.

Now for group 3, why is that a set of numbers

that is multiple of 3 from 3 to 12 is a well
defined set? Why do you say so that it is a well
defined set? How did you identify the elements
in the set, subject ,and subset of the set M?
How did you find the cardinality of set?

The same with group 1 since the elements in

the set C is clearly defined or described, then it
is a well defined set. To find the elements of
the set we simply look of the letters that are
Very good! You got it right. I can see that you contained in the set. And for the subset of the
are really doing your assignment/research. set we listed the possible set of elements that
 are included in the set. To find the cardinality
of a set, we just count the number of elements
Now, to develop mastery of our lesson, let present in the given set.
us solve some other examples.

Lets identify whether a given set is well-

Elaborate (20 minutes) defined set or not.
Reinforcement of the
skill
1. The set of primary colors
M = {𝑟𝑒𝑑, 𝑦𝑒𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤, 𝑏𝑙𝑢𝑒}

Why do you say so?

Ma’am it is a well defined set.

Very good! Because well defined means an
object or thing or element that is ”clearly
defined” or ”described”, meaning there is It is a well-defined set because it is clearly
no need to describe more. defined or described.

How about all the intelligent members of

the family.

Why is it that intelligence is not well Here intelligence is not well defined
defined?

Very good. I guess you already know the

difference between well-defined set and Because we can not distinguish between
not well-defined set. the intelligence of the family members.
Each member is intelligent in itself.
Next we have Universal Set. The universal set
U is the set that contains all objects under
consideration.

Now let’s have an example of universal set.

Let say, there are three sets named as A, B
and C. The elements of all sets A, B and C
is defined as;
A={1,3,6,8}
B={2,3,4,5}
C={5,8,9}
Find the universal set for all the three sets
A, B and C. U={1,2,3,4,5,6,8,9}
How did you get the answer?

By the definition universal set includes all

2.U= {set of days of the week}
From the example, we can see that the
elements of sets A, B and C are altogether
the elements of the given sets. Therefore,
Universal set for sets A, B and C will be
U={1,2,3,4,5,6,8,9}
available in Universal set ‘U’. Also, if you U = {Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday,
observe, no elements in the universal set Thursday, Friday, Saturday}
are repeated and all the elements are
unique.

How did you get the answer?

We just list the set of days of the week. We

used uppercase letters to name sets and
lowercase letters used to refer to any element
Very good thank you for that. For your
of a set.
information the method that you used is what
we call listing or roster method. It is done by
This is the listing or roster method of naming
naming or listing the elements of a set.
the elements of a set.
Another way of writing the elements of a set is
with the use of a descriptor. This
is the rule method. U = {x| x days of the week}.
This read as “the set U contains the element x
such that x days of the week.

Next we have subset. Given any two sets A

and B, if every element in A is also an
element in B, then A is a subset of B. The
symbol “A⊆B” is read A is a subset of B.
There are 7 elements

Given the set

1.A=Set of natural numbers={1,2,3,…}
B= Set of whole numbers = {0,1,2,3,…}
Is A a subset of B? Thus, in set U, n (U)= 7

Find all the subset of O = {red, blue, yellow}

Yes ma’am. Since every elements of A is in B,
A⊆B

The possible subsets of O are;

Three Two One Zero
Elements Elements Element Element

{red, blue, {red, blue} { red } { } or ∅

yellow } {red, { blue }
Very Good. How did you get the subset of the yellow} { yellow }
set O = {red, blue, yellow} { blue,
yellow }

Exactly, because the subsets of any set

We find all the possible set of elements that
consists of all possible sets including its
are included in the set.
elements and the null set.

*Note: Every set is a subset of itself and

empty set is also a subset of every set.

Nice! I can see that you already understand

 what is a subset. Now let us have example
of null sets.

A set with no element is an empty set or

null set. The symbol for empty set is { }
or ∅.

Let answer other examples to have a better

understanding about null set or empty set.

Set T is the set of counting numbers between 1

and 2.
1.T = { } or T = ∅

Set I is the set of months with 35 days. The set of counting numbers between 1 and 2
2.I = { } or I = ∅ is the empty set or null set because there is no
counting numbers between 1 and 2.

Very good. Now let have more example of The set of months with 35 days is the empty
finding the cardinality of set. set because there is no months that has 35 days.
The cardinal number of set A, denoted by
n(A), is the number of elements in set A.

Find the cardinality of the following sets.

1.Set D is the set of vowels in English alphabet.

2.Set R is the set of letters in the word

“difficulty”. Solution: D = {𝑎, 𝑒,𝑖, 𝑜, 𝑢}
Answer: n(D) = 5
3.Set M is the set of odd numbers between 1
and 3. Solution: R = {𝑑, 𝑖, 𝑓, 𝑐, 𝑢, 𝑙,𝑡, 𝑦}
Answer: n(R) = 8
4.Set K is the set of counting numbers less than
5
Solution: M = { } or M = ∅
Answer: n(M) = 0
How did you find the cardinality of every sets.
Solution: K = {1, 2, 3, 4}
Answer: n(K) = 4

Summarizing Excellent! I can tell that you have learn many To find the cardinality of a set, we just
things about our lesson for today. count the number of elements present in the
given set.
To summarize our lesson what are the
following terms that we must remember.

For your additional information.

Set is a well-defined group or collection

of objects that share common
characteristics.
 A set can be distinguished by using capital
letters like A, B, C, D,…Z and we use braces
{ } to group the elements of set separated by
commas.
If a set contains many elements, we often use
three dots, …, called ellipsis
Well defined means an object or thing or
element that is ”clearly defined” or
”described”, meaning there is no need to
describe more.
The objects contained in the set are called
elements.

The universal set U is the set that contains

all objects under consideration.

Given any two sets A and B, if every

element in A is also an element in B, then
A is a subset of B. The symbol “A⊆B” is
read A is a subset of B.

The cardinal number of set A, denoted by

n(A), is the number of elements in set A.

Okay very well said. Thank you I guess you A set with no element is an empty set or
understand our lesson well. To end our lesson null set. The symbol for empty set is { }
I will now show you a table that you can use or ∅.
as a guide to remember all this terms.

To sum it up, let us have a quiz.

I.IDENTIFICATION
1. A set with no element is an empty set or
__________ .
2. The number of elements in the set refers
to_________ .
Evaluation 3. The ____________U is the set that contains
all objects under
consideration.
4. If every element in A is also an element in
B, then A is a __________of B.
5. The symbol for empty set or null set
is_______ .

II. TRUE or FALSE: Given the sets below,

write true if the statement is correct and
 false if it is wrong. Write your answer in the
space provided before the number.
S = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, …, 10}
V = {5, 10, 15, 20, 25}
O = {d, a, y} I = {r, o, s, e}
L = {3, 6, 9, 12} N = {roots, stem, leaves,
flowers, fruits }
G = {Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter,
Saturn, Uranus, Neptune}

____1. The cardinality of Set G is 8.

____2. {5, 15, 25} is a subset of Set V.
____3. {8} is a subset of Set L.
____4. The cardinality of Set O is 7.
____5. The number of elements in Set N is 5.
____6. {s, u, n} is a subset of Set G.
____7. An empty set or { } is a subset of Set N.
____8. The cardinality of Set I is 10.
____9. {5, 6, 7, 8, 9} is a subset of Set S.
____10. One of the subsets of Set N and Set G
is a ∅.

Identify the cardinality and the subsets of the

following sets

1. Set A = {1, 8}
n(A) =_________ Subsets:___________
2. Set B = {sun, moon, stars}
n(B) ______= Subsets: ______
3. Set C = {g, l, a, d}
n(C) ________= Subsets:__________
4. Set D = {2, 4, 6, 8}
n(D)______= Subsets:___________
5. Set E = {green, orange, purple}
n(E)_______= Subsets:_______

Rewrite the given set using the Rule method

M= {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, …}

I = {a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o, p, q,
r, s, t, u, v, w, x, y, z}

C = {Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday,

Thursday, Friday, Saturday}

Essay: Explain the relationship between well-

defined sets, subsets, universal sets, null sets,
and cardinalities;

Create a concept map that shows the

relationships between sets, subsets, universal
sets, and the null set. Include at least three
examples for each concept.

Assignment:
Prepared by :
MICCA A. ABENIR
Teacher

Noted:
______________________________
Cooperating Teacher