OUTDOOR

L IG H T IN G
Light during the day is different from how it is seen come night
time. It is more important, of course, to have proper lighting at
night – especially in pathways and other outdoor spaces.
Exterior lighting is important equally as the interior lighting. It
should be properly and functional, to provide relaxing atmosphere,
and in the same time safety and fun

What is outdoor lighting ??

Outdoor lighting refers to the use of outdoor illumination of
private gardens and public landscapes; for the enhancement
and purposes of safety, night-time aesthetics, accessibility,
security, recreation and sports, and social and event uses .
 H IS T O R
Y
 S tre e t lig h tin g w a s b e g a n a p p ro x . 3 0 0 y e a rs
ago.
 T h e s e w e re o il la m p s p la c e d o n w o o d e n
p o le s .
 B y th e 1 8 th c e n tu ry o il la m p w e re s till u s e d
b u t th e p o le s a n d la m p s w e re m a d e o f c a s t
iro n fix tu re s .
 T h e b e g in n in g o f 1 9 th c e n tu ry s a w g a s
la m p s c o m e in to u s e .
 B y th e 2 0 th c e n tu ry e le c tric la m p s w e re in
w id e u s e .
 W H A T IS O U T D O O R L IG H T IN G N O W ? ?

Street lighting
Stadium
Porch lightning
Parking lots
Road lighting
Landscaping
Buildings
Pedestrian and bicycling pathways
 PURPOSE OF OUTDOOR
L IG H T IN G
 To promote observation and experience of
the site against the night sky.
 To give the building an added dimension
which will enhance its key architectural
elements as well as its social and historical
significance.
 To enhance night-time orientation and use,
which could potentially benefit the local
economy.
Entrance should be
well lit for safety
purpose
 B E N E F IT S O F O U T D O O R
L IG H T IN G
• Beauty – Having the right outdoor lighting creates a
pleasing ambiance on decks and patios. It also helps in
making the exterior of a home more appealing from the
sidewalk. It definitely adds a touch of elegance.
• Security – When you have outdoor lighting, you also
help keep your home secure. If your entryways, garages
and dark walkways are well-illuminated, you will easily
see potential intruders and differences.
• Safety – Another important benefit of having outdoor
lighting is safety. By keeping your pathways well-lit
during a house party, it is easier for your guests to
navigate their way around without losing their steps.
 L IG H T IN G IN P A R K IN G
POLE LIGHTS LO T

• In most areas, parking lots are required to meet some type of

lighting .
• Pole lights come in a wide range of architectural designs and
are made of steel, aluminum, concrete, fiberglass, and even
wood.
• Typical poles have anywhere from one to four fixtures at the
top with luminaires that must be able to withstand harsh
weather and, unfortunately, rocks and other projectiles thrown
by vandals.
 High-intensity discharge lamp
• Used mainly for large area
applications
• Provide higher efficacy and longer
service life
• Most common types are mercury
vapor (MV), metal halide (MH),
and high-pressure sodium (HPS
• –Metal Halide – 100/lumens per
watt
• –HPS – up to 150/lumens per watt
• –MV – being phased out
Low-Pressure Sodium
• Also considered a high intensity
discharge lamp, but it has some
unique characteristics.
• While this light is fairly efficient,
it takes several minutes for the
bulb to turn on.
• The light is very yellow-orange
• Most efficient form of artificial
lighting
• Maintain their light output
better than other lamps.
• Produces up to 200/lumens per
watt
 High Pressure Sodium (HPS) LED street lamps

• The high pressure sodium lamp (HPS)

• LED technologies have developed rapidly in recent years and
is the most commonly used street light
these bulbs are now being integrated into outdoor lighting
throughout the world.
solutions.
• It produces light by running electricity
• While the energy savings are significant, LEDs produce a lot of
through a mixture of gases, which
blue light, too much of which can have negative effects on
produces light..
human health and wildlife.
• They take a while to turn on
• Application – signs and traffic signals, displays, vehicle
completely and produce a yellow-
indicators, flashlights, accent, parking garage, downlights, et
orange glow.
 FLO O D
L IG H T IN G
• Floodlights are broad-beamed, high-intensity artificial lights.
• They are often used to illuminate outdoor playing fields while an outdoor sports
event is being held during low-light conditions.
 M E T A L H A L ID E
LAM P

 Metal halide lamps are commonly used in streetlights,

parking lot lights, and stadium lights.
 They are very bright and contribute to a lot of light
pollution .
 They are fairly efficient.
 They produce very white light and have good color
rendition, meaning that objects under these lights look
their true color
 LAN D SCAPE
 L IG H
Landscape lighting has excessive potential T IN Gthe
to enhance
landscape and provides many benefits for both residential
and commercial applications.
 Landscape lighting can add safety, security, ambiance,
mood and drama to the outdoor environment. Limited only
to the designers imagination, the practical functions and
various mood effects of landscape lighting are endless.
 Landscape lighting showcases plants, trees, shrubs, and
flowers.
 Small spotlights and well lights (which require digging a
hole so that the light will sit flush with the ground) are
common for landscape lighting as they do not compete
with plants for attention.
 Landscape lights can also be used to highlight architectural
features like columns. Most landscape lights can be used in
both capacities.
 L IG H T IN G
1. PATH LIGHTING T E C H N IQ U E S

• This technique is used primarily for safety to highlight

sidewalks, drives, or any path to ensure safe pedestrian passage
at night.
• Choose pathway lights offering downlighting with emphasis
placed on fixtures that incorporate diffused or shielded lamps.
• Avoid lighting that shines in the eyes.
• Since path light fixtures become an integral part of the
landscape during the day, attention should be paid to placement
and daytime appearance
 2 . DECK AND STEP LIGHTS
 Deck or step lights illuminate walkways, sidewalks, driveways, and pool edges.
 Installed low to the ground, path lights literally light the way for safety and security.
 Ideally we should choose a path light that is covered on the top so that the light will spread
evenly along the ground, rather than create a glare
L IG T IN G F IX T U R E S
 LED D EC K
L IG H T IN G

 LED deck lighting offers a high-tech way to illuminate

your property while also staying eco- friendly.
 LED lights are an efficient light source that remains
cool to the touch, reduces energy costs, and yield a
longer and more reliable lighting source than solar
lighting.
H o w to M a p o u t a P la n fo r Y o u r E x te rio r
L ig h ts
 TREES
Well, bullet, or flood, and downlight.

When illuminating foliage from above,

place two 20-watt downlights as high
in a tree as possible and point them so
that their beams do not cross.

These fixtures, often located high on

trunks and branches, can be aimed at
lawns, paths, or the tree's own foliage to
create a moonlit effect. A long, cowl-
shaped shroud around the bulb eliminates
side glare. Choose durable copper and
brass housings with LEDs

Copper Moon with 35-watt halogen

The bulb hides inside a waterproof housing buried in the ground, so you get light without seeing a fixture. Use
well lights to illuminate the underside of plant foliage or graze the base of a facade or wall. Available with either
fixed or swiveling bulbs.
PLANTING BEDS
Garden.
Place fixtures no closer than 20 feet apart. "You
want pools of light to guide your eye from one
plant to the next, not continuous illumination."

Canopies on top of 18- to 24-inch posts reflect

light down into planting beds. Can also be used
as pathway markers. Unlike other lights, their
style and finish are on display

20-watt halogen bulb

HOME FACADE
Bullet and wash.
Fit bullet lights with bulbs that have 12-degree beam
spreads, and aim them at the corners of your house or
architectural details; softer wash lights can fill in the
space between them.
These versatile, compact fixtures are often fitted with
bulbs that project a narrow beam—good for precisely
lighting house features, tree trunks, and garden
structures.
Throws out a soft, diffuse light ideal
for brightening flat facades, privacy
fences, and garden walls
20-watt halogen
FOCAL POINTS
Flood, bullet, or wash.

Highlight an element that deserves attention—

such as a fountain, a tree swing, or an arbor—by
aiming two or more lights at it. The crossing
beams reduce the harsh shadows that form when
only one shines on an object
Typically casts a wider beam than a bullet—40
degrees or more—and is brighter than a wash light.
A collar minimizes side glare. Use sparingly to light
up tall trees or wide house facades
 IN T R O D U C T IO N

The highlight of the building certainly does not go unnoticed, and will be, for promotional purposes such as eye-
catching lighting - an indispensable tool. • An architecture’s nighttime “personality” may create an entirely new
sense of place for abuilding, where its architectural character radiates in new light
 T H E IM P O R T A N C E O F F A C A D E S
N IG H T L IG H T IN G
 Lighting links people to buildings at night. Thus, when the sun goes down, this gives an
architecture anew opportunity to showcase what it Can do from an entirely different perspective.
 After all, sunlight changes from moment to moment, And architecture must work to integrate
with those changes. But at night, light can be used to redefine what an architecture is doing, both
in its exterior and interior
 H IS T O R Y O F F A C A D E
L IG H T IN G

Over the past 100years electric light has

completely transformed the public
realm. Beginning with the Illumination
of the Eiffel Tower atthe1889World
Exhibition in Paris, lighting enabled an
even greater monumentality for such
landmark structures and buildings
MODERN ARCHITECTURE & LIGHTING
• Modern architecture, with its large expanses of glass, re defined
a building's interaction with its surroundings.
• Windows, which let natural light inside by day, at night, allowed
these same internally electrically illuminated spaces to cast light
backout into the urban realm

ARCHITECTURAL FACADES VALUE IN DESIGN

People find the nightscapes around them created by :illuminated
building facades, These façades facilitate
• Orientation
• Convey messages
• Communicate emotions
• Create attention
• Create unforgettable visual experiences
• Increase pride of residents
• Attract tourists
EMPHASIZING ARCHITECTURE

• The right color temperature underscores materials and character - Uniform, vertical lighting
emphasizes the surfaces of a façade without altering the architecture .
• Precise accent lighting picks out distinctive architectural features

The Rookery Building, Chicago

 STRUCTURING ARCHITECTURE

• Light lines define structure and allow easier orientation :

• The architecture and contours of a building are visible,
even when it is dark
• Different luminance levels on various surfaces
differentiate the foreground from the background
 D E S IG N
O Bprecautions
The following are the general considerations and S E R V Aone
T IO N keep
must S in mind while designing the lighting
for a building façade..

● Height of the building/elements –

This represents the actual height of the lit surface.
● Position of light source –
To be practically located, owing to vandalism and maintenance possibility. Also proximity to people as well camouflaging
techniques are important pointers here.
● Width of the building/elements –
This has impact on number of light sources and beam angles to be chosen.
● Façade material-texture, reflectance, color –
This is a strong clue to choose the overall lighting strategy apart from the scale of the structure.
● Peripheral light in immediate context –
It is important to take note of existing ambient lighting in the surroundings.
● Weight of the light fixture
● Avoid light pollution –
Façade should not be excessively lit. Carefully choose what elements to be lit. Need to design façade lighting for the most
viewed/most prominent sections of façade with least peripheral light.
L IG H T IN G T E C H N IQ U E S
Prevalent lighting techniques of today include
● Direct View – The fixtures are placed on the façade to be seen.
E.g. Media façade – recommended for glazed façades.

● Grazing – The fixtures are placed very close to the façade with
high illumination at the base and receding with the height – highly
recommended for textured façades.

● Washing – The fixtures are placed little away from the façade
uniformly washing the façade – recommended for specular
finished and flat façades.

● Accentuating – The fixtures are placed very close to create

dramatic effects, especially for columns, openings, etc.

● Flooding – The fixtures are placed far from the façade with
uniform illumination of the façade. Hence termed floodlighting.
 CONTOUR LIGHTING

• A relatively new technique when the perimeter of the building

stands out with the help of linear lighting.
• This collective implementation of contour lighting was made
possible by the advent of inexpensive light sources ( flexible
neon and LED bars) .
• They are installed on the front of hundreds of meters, for
example, they illuminate the corners of the cornice