EASTERN VISAYAS STATE UNIVERSITY

ORMOC CITY LEYTE

BPED 263 | EMER. PREP. & SAF. MGT.

WRITTEN REPORT

GROUP 2
SAMBILAD, RICHARD MARK H.
SUNIAN JEROME
JACINTO JISSEL
 Basic Concept of Disaster and Risk

Disaster
• A disaster refers to a sudden and significant event or occurrence that causes widespread
destruction, damage, or loss of life and property. It disrupts the normal functioning of a
community or society, overwhelming the available resources and response capacities.

• Can be natural (earthquakes, hurricanes, floods) or human-made (industrial accidents,

terrorist attacks).

Source: United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR)

Disaster Risk

• The potential for a disaster to occur and the vulnerability to its adverse effects.

• Involves understanding and assessing factors contributing to the likelihood and severity
of a disaster.

• Includes the ability to cope with and recover from its impacts.

Source: United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR)

Risk Factor

Risk factors are conditions or circumstances that increase the likelihood of a disaster occurring or amplify
its impacts. These factors.

Natural Hazard

• Natural events such as earthquakes, hurricanes, floods, droughts, wildfires, or volcanic

eruptions.

Climate Change

• Increasing frequency and intensity of extreme weather events due to climate change,
leading to heightened risks.

Environmental Degradation

• Destruction of ecosystems, deforestation, soil erosion, and loss of biodiversity, which can
exacerbate the impacts of hazards.

Population Density and Urbanization

• Concentration of people and infrastructure in hazard-prone areas, increasing

vulnerability.

Poverty and Inequality

 • Limited resources, inadequate infrastructure, and limited access to basic services,
making communities more vulnerable to disasters.

Weak Governance and Limited Preparedness

• Inadequate disaster management systems, lack of early warning systems, and limited
capacity for response and recovery.

Effect of Disaster

Disasters can have wide-ranging effects on individuals, communities, and societies, including:

Loss of Life and Injury

• Disasters can result in the loss of human lives and cause physical injuries, leading to
immediate and long-term impacts on individuals and families.

Damage to Infrastructure

• Disasters can cause severe damage to buildings, roads, bridges, utilities, and other
critical infrastructure, disrupting essential services and hindering recovery efforts.

Economic Losses

• Disasters can lead to significant economic losses, including damage to businesses,

agriculture, and livelihoods, as well as increased costs for recovery and reconstruction.

Displacement and Migration

• Disasters can force people to leave their homes, leading to temporary or long-term
displacement and migration.

Environmental Consequences

• Disasters can have environmental impacts, including pollution, habitat destruction, and
ecological disruptions.

Social and Psychological Impacts

• Disasters can have emotional, social, and psychological effects on individuals and
communities, including trauma, stress, and social disruption.

Sources:

- United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR)

- International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC)

- World Health Organization (WHO)

- United Nations Development Programmed (UNDP)