GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC PEN

DEPARTMENTS OF INSTRUCTIONS OF CONTROL

ENGINEERING

A PROJECT ON

“solar panel with the sun position tracking ”

Submited

By Class:

IC5I
Academic year: 2023-2024

Sr.No Name of Students Roll

. No.
1. Aaditya Hemant Mahadik 3402

2. Ganesh Ramesh Magar 3409

3. Maithili Prakash Mhatre 3411

GUIDED BY
Mrs. Rupali Thakre
(Process
instrumentation)
 GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC PEN

2023-2024
DEPARTMENT OF INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that following student of THIRD YEAR INSTRUMENTANTION AND
CONTROL ENGINEERING completed the project work on “solar panel with the sun
position tracking” as a partial fulfilment and academic requirement for diploma in
Instrumentation and control engineering as prescribed by MSBTE.

Sr.No Name of Students Roll No.

1. Aaditya Hemant Mahadik 3402

2. Ganesh Ramesh Magar 3409

3. Maithili Prakash Mhatre 3411

Date :

Mrs. Rupali Thakre Smt. Jyoti Mane

(Micro-Project Guide). ( Head of the IC Dept.)

Dr. Nitin G. Kulkarni

(Principal of Government polytechnic

pen.)
 ACKNOWLEDGEMEMT

It is with profoundly sense of gratitude that we acknowledge from our guide Mrs. Rupali
Thakre .she has been guide in the true sense of word a guide who satisfaction from our word
& progress.

We are highly obliged to Smt. J.J.Mane head of Instrumentation Department for aberrance
& good co-operation given to us fur bringing this project to almost standard.

We are grateful to our principal Dr. Nitin G. Kulkarni for proceeding acknowledgement to
us in the connection of this project concluding. We appreciate the assistance of all staff that
helps us in for their sincere& obliging help to make our project successfully.
 Part- A

Title of Micro-Project : Solar panel with the sun position tracking

1.0 Brief Introduction

Solar energy is becoming increasingly lucrative with the increasing cost and continuous
depletion of the non-renewable energy resources and the growing demand of other renewable
energy sources such as solar, wind, geothermal and ocean tidal wave. However, in spite of the
multiple benefits of solar energy, solar panels which capture sunlight are stationary (solar
array has a fixed orientation to the sky). These stationary as well as expensive solar panels
are unable to extract the maximum solar energy as there is no stability of weather conditions. The
power output of solar panels is maximum when it is oriented perpendicularly to the
direction of sun rays as both the area of illumination of sunlight on solar panels and intensity
of sun-rays is maximum in this case. It has been found out that the efficiency of solar panels
improve by 30-60 percent when we use a mobile solar tracking system instead of a
stationary array of solar panels. The design and implementation of a power efficient solar
tracker is therefore a challenge owing to the immobility of the solar panels. The angle of
inclination of sun-rays with the solar panels continuously changes due to the movement of
the sun from
east to west because of earth’s rotation independent of the weather conditions. Moreover, during
cloudy days the situation totally goes berserk. Additionally the revolution of the earth
alters the distance between earth and sun which introduces change of pattern of incoming sun
rays. All these factors should be kept in mind for designing the solar tracking electricity
generation system to achieve maximum efficiency.
2.0 Aim of the Micro-Project

 To Study solar panel with the sun position tracking system.

3.0 Action Plan

Planned Planned Name of

Start Finish ResponsibleTeam
S. Details of activity
No. date date Members
Searching topic of All team Members
30-08-2023 05-09-2023
1 microproject
Search All teammembers
06-09-2023 12-09-2023
2 Information

3 Preparation of Micro- 13-09-2023 19-09-2023 All teammembers

project proposal

4 Submission of 20-09-2023 26-09-2023 All team member

micro- project

proposal

6 Preparation of Model 27-09-2023 03-10-2023 1] Maithili Mhatre

2 Aaditya Mahadik

7 Typing Of the 04-10-2023 10-10-2023 1] Ganesh Magar

project

8 Checking of Report from 12-10-2023 17-10-2023 All team Members

teacher and finalization of
report

9 Submitting 20-10-2023 12-11-2023 All team

Microproject
members
 4.0 Resources Required

S. No. Name of ResourceS Specifications Quantity

1 Solar plate - -

2 1

3 Word Microsoft word 2018 -

4 Website www.wikipedia.com -

5 resisters

6 Breadboard

7 capacitor

5.0 Name of group members

1) Aaditya Hemant Mahadik 3402

2) Ganesh Ramesh Magar 3409

3) Maithili Prakash Mhatre 3411

Guided By

Mrs. Rupali Thakre

 Part B

Title of Micro-Project : Solar panel with the sun position tracking

1.0 Brief Description

Solar trackers are mechanisms that allow solar panels to tilt and rotate in the direction of
the sun's movement. This dynamic adjustment ensures that the panels are receiving
maximum sunlight exposure throughout the day. This translates into increased energy
production, making solar trackers an attractive option for both residential and commercial
solar installations. energy is becoming increasingly lucrative with the increasing cost and
continuous depletion of the non-renewable energy resources and the growing demand of other
renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, geothermal and ocean tidal wave. However, in spite
multiple benefits of solar energy, solar panels which capture sunlight are stationary (solar
array has a fixed orientation to the sky). These stationary as well as expensive solar panels
are unable to extract the maximum solar energy as there is no stability of weather conditions. The
power output of solar panels is maximum when it is oriented perpendicularly to the
direction of sun rays as both the area of illumination of sunlight on solar panels and intensity
of sun-rays is maximum in this case. It has been found out that the efficiency of solar panels
improve by 30-60 percent when we use a mobile solar tracking system instead of a
stationary array of solar panels. The design and implementation of a power efficient solar
tracker is therefore a challenge owing to the immobility of the solar panels. The angle of
inclination of sun-rays with the solar panels continuously changes due to the movement of
the sun from
east to west because of earth’s rotation independent of the weather conditions. Moreover, during
cloudy days the situation totally goes berserk. Additionally the revolution of the earth
alters the distance between earth and sun which introduces change of pattern of incoming sun
rays. All these factors should be kept in mind for designing the solar tracking electricity generation
system to achieve maximum efficiency.

 Circuit diagram
 Advantages

1. An eneígy souíce that is both íenewable and inexhaustible by definition. ...

2. Eveíywheíe gets sunlight. ...

3. It's veíy well suited to batteíies and the electíicity gíid. ...

4. ľhe sun cíeates local wealth and jobs. ...

5. ľechnological veísatility. ...

6. Minimal maintenance íequiíed. ...

7. Gíeen until the end of life.

 Disadvantages

1. High upfíont cost.

2. ľhe size of system is dependent on youí available space. ...

3. Requiíes sunny weatheí to woík best.

4. Manufactuíing of solaí panels can haím the enviíonment. ...

5. Low eneígy conveísion íate.

6. Cannot be used at night.

7. Solaí panels aíe fixed at theií installed location.

2.0 Aim of project

 Solar panel with the sun position tracking

3.0 Actual Procedure followed:
1. Searching Micro-Project topic.
2. Collect information about project.
3. Divide the work within group.
4. Prepare report and proposal and check it from our guide.
5. Then prepared final project and teacher confirm.

4.0 Outcomes Integrated

 Identify the different types of control system.

 Test the performance of various types of control system.

5.0 Output of the micro project

6.0 Conclusion
 Integral controllers are essential components of closed-loop control systems that improve the
accuracy and performance of automated systems. They continuously reduce error and steady-
state error and improve system stability and accuracy. Integral controllers are used in a variety of
applications, including industrial process control, robotics and automation, and automotive and
aerospace systems, making them critical to modern technology and innovation.

7.0 Refernce

 www.control_systems/control_systems_controllers.htm.com

Guided By
Mrs. Suvidha Patil