Process Fluid Flow (PFF260S)

Semester 1, 2019
-Dr. Buntu Godongwana
 Introduction (PFF260S)

Students in the first course of Process Fluid Flow might ask:

• What is Fluid Flow?

• What I will be studying in it?

• Why?

Dr B. Godongwana, Semester 1 2
2019
 Introduction (PFF260S)
Fluid Mechanics
Kinematics

Gas Liquids Statics Dynamics

F  0 i  F  0 , Flows
i

Water, Oils,
Air, He, Ar,
Alcohols, etc. Buoyancy Compressible/
N2, etc. Pressure
Incompressible
Laminar/
Surface
Turbulent
Tension
Compressibility Density Viscosity Steady/Unsteady
Vapor Viscous /
Pressure Inviscid
Chapters 1&2: Fluid Dynamics:
Introduction Rest of Course

Dr B. Godongwana, Semester 1 3
2019
 Introduction (PFF260S)

Phases of matter

• Liquid
• Gas/ Vapor
• Solid

Similarities Differences ?
Cohesive forces, Molecule spacing, Volume

• Fluid?

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 Introduction (PFF260S)

• What is a FLUID?

A Fluid is a substance that deforms (flows) continuously when acted upon

by a force (shearing stress) of any magnitude.

• On Earth, fluids conform to the shape of a container.

• Examples of fluids: water, air, and carbon dioxide.

• What about steel?

Dr B. Godongwana, Semester 1 5
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 Introduction (PFF260S)

• Why study Fluid Flow?

 Two of three states of matter are fluids.

 Solids can behave like fluids under many conditions.
 Earth’s atmosphere contains fluids.
 Profitable industries are based on fluids.
 Models and equations can predict the behavior of fluids.
 The human body is 80% water.

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 Introduction (PFF260S)

• Why study Fluid Flow? (Oceanography)

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 Introduction (PFF260S)

• Why study Fluid Flow? (Meteorology)

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 Introduction (PFF260S)

• Why study Fluid Flow? (Biomedical Fluids)

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 Introduction (PFF260S)

• Why study Fluid Flow? (Biomedical Fluids)

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 Introduction (PFF260S)

• Why study Fluid Flow? (Aeronautics)

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 Introduction (PFF260S)

• Why study Fluid Flow? (Aeronautics)

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 Introduction (PFF260S)

• Why study Fluid Flow? (Turbulence)

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 Introduction (PFF260S)
Faces of Fluid Mechanics

Archimedes Da Vinci Newton Leibniz Euler

287 BC - 212 BC 1452 - 1519 1642 - 1726 1646 - 1716 1707 - 1783

Bernoulli Navier Stokes Reynolds Prandtl

1700–1782 1785 - 1836 1819 - 1903 1842 - 1912 1875 - 1953

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 Introduction (PFF260S)
Faces of Fluid Mechanics

???

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 Introduction (PFF260S)

• Fluid Flow Research

Fluids researchers seeks insight into:

 Flow through turbo-machinery,

 Flow in porous media
 Convective, diffusional and chemical reaction processes
 Fluids containing particles and gas bubbles
 Fluids interacting with solid boundaries
 Fluids changing phases
 Equations and models to predict motions
 Innovative measurement techniques

Dr B. Godongwana, Semester 1 16
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 Introduction (PFF260S)

• Syllabus

 Introduction to Fluid Mechanics and its Basic Concepts

• Properties of Fluids
• Pressure and Fluid Statics
• Mass, Bernoulli and Energy Equations
• Flow in Pipes
• Losses in Piping System
• Piping Network and Pump Selection

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 References (PFF260S)

• Munson, B. R., Young, D. F., and Okiishi, T. H. 2006.

Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics. 5th ed. Wiley: New York.
• White, F.M. 1998. Fluid Mechanics. 4th edition. McGraw-Hill: New
York.
• Geankoplis. C.J. 1993. Transport Processes and Unit Operations.
Prentice Hall: New Jersey.
• Fox, R.W., McDonald, A.T. & Pritchard, P.J. 2004. Introduction to
Fluid Mechanics. 6th edition. Wiley: New York.
• Holland, F.A. 1995. Fluid Flow for Chem. Engineers. 2nd edition.
Edward Arnold: London.
• Welty, J.R., Wicks, C. E., Wilson, R. E. 2001. Fundamentals of
Momentum, Heat and Mass Transfer. 4th ed. John Wiley: New
York.

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2019
 References (PFF260S)

• Perry, R.H., Green, D.W. & Maloney, J.O. (eds). 1998. Perry’s
chemical engineer’s handbook. 7th ed. McGraw Hill: New York.
• Anderson, J.D. 1995. Computational fluid dynamics: the basics
with applications. New York: McGraw-Hill.

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