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  • Patho DM HTN Final

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    Bryant Riego III
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    This document discusses the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus and hypertension. It lists age over 65 and family history as non-modifiable risk factors, and smoking, physical inactivity as modifiable risk factors. It then shows how chronic smoking can lead to beta cell dysfunction and insulin resistance through nicotine exposure in the lungs, deposition in the endothelium, and endothelial dysfunction, resulting in hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia can then cause oxidative stress, nerve hypoxia, and complications like hemiparesis, muscle wasting, and hypertension.

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    PATHO-DM-HTN-FINAL

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    This document discusses the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus and hypertension. It lists age over 65 and family history as non-modifiable risk factors, and smoking, physical inactivity as modifiable risk factors. It then shows how chronic smoking can lead to beta cell dysfunction and insulin resistance through nicotine exposure in the lungs, deposition in the endothelium, and endothelial dysfunction, resulting in hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia can then cause oxidative stress, nerve hypoxia, and complications like hemiparesis, muscle wasting, and hypertension.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    13 views1 page

    Patho DM HTN Final

    Uploaded by

    Bryant Riego III
    This document discusses the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus and hypertension. It lists age over 65 and family history as non-modifiable risk factors, and smoking, physical inactivity as modifiable risk factors. It then shows how chronic smoking can lead to beta cell dysfunction and insulin resistance through nicotine exposure in the lungs, deposition in the endothelium, and endothelial dysfunction, resulting in hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia can then cause oxidative stress, nerve hypoxia, and complications like hemiparesis, muscle wasting, and hypertension.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 1

    PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF DIABETES MELLITUS AND HYPERTENSION

    Non-Modifiable
     Age >65 y/o Modifiable
     Family history of Risk Factors  Chronic smoker
    Hypertension and  Physical inactivity
    DM

    Chronic exposure to nicotine Beta cell dysfunction

    Nicotine absorption in the lungs


    Insulin resistance

    Nicotine deposition in the endothelium


    Impaired insulin sensitivity

    Endothelial dysfunction
    Poor glucose uptake inside the cell
    Lack of energy source
    HYPERGLYCEMIA
    (glucose) resulting to ↓
    Compensatory use of ATP production
    glucose to reserve from
    Oxidative stress adipose tissue
    ↓Nitric Inactivation
    oxide of Nitric Shift from glycolysis to
    production Oxide Nerve hypoxia gluconeogenesis
    Consumption of glucose
    reserve from adipose
    Blood vessel Hemiparesis tissue
    constriction Muscle wasting

    Weakness on
    ↑ SVR right side of the ↑Blood viscosity
    body

    HYPERTENSION ↑ blood pressure

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