SUBJECT

Integrated Science
GRADE:
9 APSE
DATE:
March 6 – 20, ,2023
DURATION:
2 weeks
TOPIC:
Elements, Compounds and Mixtures
Theme: Energy, forces, matter
ATTAINMENT TARGET:
 COMMUNICATION AND COLLABORATION – Use technology to convey ideas
and information clearly and effectively and, foster the ability to work effectively with
others as a member of a team.

 RESEARCH, CRITICAL THINKING AND DECISION-MAKING – Use appropriate

digital tools and resources to conduct research, aid in the understanding of given
information, analyze findings of investigation, solve problems and make informed
decisions.

 DESIGNING AND PRODUCING – Use computer technology to design and produce

multimedia products to demonstrate creative thinking.

 DIGITAL CITIZENSHIP – Follow guidelines to promote the healthy use of

information and communication technology.
 .
BENCHMARKS:
 Understand the difference between elements compounds and mixture
 Know how separate mixture using different apparatus in the lab
 Appreciate the importance of scientific methods in relation to elements, compounds and
mixtures.
 Demonstrate objectivity by seeking data and information to validate observations and
explanations.
 Demonstrate concern for safety of self and others.
GENERAL OBJECTIVE:
 At the end of the lesson students should be able to provide an overview of elements,
compounds and mixtures with the understanding of pure and impure matter and that
matter can undergo chemical and physical changes with varying effects and
applications.
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:
Students should be able to:
 Classify substances as pure and impure
 Differentiate between pure and impure mixtures.
 Classify substances as pure and impure
 Differentiate between elements, mixtures and compounds
 Investigate methods that can separate mixtures

KEY SKILLS:
Communicate, summarize, investigate, collaborate, think critically, define operationally,
observe, draw, annotate, critique, measure

KEY VOCABULARY: Compound, elements, mixture,

Pure substance, impure substance, physical change, chemical change, rusting, bonds, reactants,
products, atoms, elements, mixtures and compounds, atom, miscible and immiscible, solvent
and solute, solution, colloids, chromatography, filtration, evaporation, distillation, separating
funnel, centrifuging, sublimation
MATERIALS/RESOURCES:
Computer with internet access, projector to display YouTube videos, Zoom, Google, Yahoo,
WhatsApp, Moodle, PowerPoints, Pens, Pencil, Books, Paper, Marker, White Board, oil,
water, Hot plate/Bunsen burner, separating funnel with clap stand, glassware such as beakers
and other apparatus for demonstration, beaker, candle, match, sand and salt
CONTENT OUTLINE:
 Pure substances are made of one type of building units or particles throughout and
usually have fixed melting and boiling points example Distilled or pure water.
 Impure substances have others elements or compounds within them or a mixture of
elements and compounds; that is they are made of multiple different particles or
building units.
 A compound is formed when two or more elements are joined in a chemical reaction
such as Hydrogen and Oxygen chemically joined to form water (H2O). In this case
hydrogen and oxygen are the reactants chemically joined to form the compound
(product) Water.
 Mixtures are formed when two or more substances are physically combined. Example:
salt and water. Components of these mixtures can be separated using various
separation techniques.
 Homogenous mixtures have uniform composition throughout and can be refer to as
solutions; example: salt water. The salt particles are called the solutes since it is
dissolved by the solvent (Water Molecules) which is usually present in greater amount.
Liquids that readily mix together are said to be miscible such as Ethanol and water. Oil
and water will not mix and is said to be immiscible.
 Heterogeneous mixtures are those that one can distinguish between all the substances
mixed together and include suspensions and colloids. In a suspension small, solid
particles are spread throughout a liquid and these solids particles will settle out on
standing. Example: Sand and water. A colloid consists of particles of intermediate size
between those of a solution and a suspension. The particles are not dissolved but will
not settle out on standing such as gels and whip cream.

Figure 2; Heterogeneous versus homogenous mixture

  Mixtures can be separated by varying physical. Mehtods of separation include:
Filtration, simple distillation, Fractional distillation, crystallization, sublimation,
solvent extraction, chromatography, evaporation, centrifugation, magnetic separation
and using a separating funnel to separate immiscible liquid such as oil and water.
Sublimation is conversion of a substance from the solid to the gaseous state without its
becoming liquid. Iodine and water are two substances that can undergo sublimation.

Figure 3. Using a separating funnel to cooking oil and water

Filtration is a process of separation compounds from a solid or liquid mixture is called filtration. Let
us see how to separate insoluble impurities from dirty water . Tone a filter paper and fold it to make a
cone as given in diagram. Place it in side a funnel. Pour the dirty water on filter paper slowly
until 2/3 rd part of funnel is filled . We will observe that filter paper will prevent solid impurities and
all me only water to pass through it.
 Separating techniques such as Chromatography can separate minute quantities of
substances and hence can be of industrial significance since it could be used to analyse
materials or extract from plant and animal tissues. Centrifugation is of health
significance since it can be used to separate the liquid plasma from solid components
of the blood. Centrifugation involves rotating the mixture at high speed causing the
solid particles to move to the bottom and the liquid to the top. This method is also used
in diary industry to separate the skim milk from the cream. Your washing machine also
works under this concept of centrifugation when spinning to remove water from the
clothes.
 Fractional distillation is used to separate cooking oil into the different by- products In
Jamaica
 In separating these products unwanted substance/waste may arise and advertently or
inadvertently be discarded in our environment creating environmental damage such as
water or air pollution which can further cause damage or death to plants and animal
and varying health risks to man. Sustainable development is necessary; by products of
sugar factories can be used as fertilizer. Magnetic separation involving domestic waste;
metals obtained can be recycled.

Figure 4; Fractional Distillation of Cooking Oil

PRIOR LEARNING:
Check that students can:
 Show that matter is made up of particles
 Explain the kinetic theory of matter
 State that an element is made of atoms.
LEARNING OUTCOME:
Students who demonstrate understanding can:
 Recognize substances as pure and impure
 Distinguish between physical and chemical changes.
 Explain the difference between elements, mixtures and compounds
 Deduce that chemical changes lead to formation of compounds and physical changes lead to
formation of mixtures
 Carry out simple comparative and fair tests
 Explore methods that can separate mixtures
 Predict suitable separation techniques

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
 Accurately define terms
 Give relevant examples, substances correctly classified as elements, mixtures
 and compounds
 Diagram properly identified
 Correct responses to questions on worksheet.
 Accurate inferences drawn from observations/demonstrations
 Investigate in the how separate mixture using different equipment
PROCEDURES/ACTIVITIES
Engage - How can I get students interested in this? Use of an interesting experiment through
demonstration or video.
 Students will be introduced to topic by the following: the teacher will present a chart
of the different elements compounds and mixture
.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BTJH0O9xRjg

Explore - What tasks/questions can I offer to help students puzzle through this?
https://youtu.be/XC1RxloV0Mo?t=228
Students will be given notes, lectures and demonstrations on mixtures, a homogenous
versus a heterogeneous mixture will be shown to students. Salt and water. Sand and
water
Students will be ask which is homogenous and heterogenous
Students will be shown a video on the different techniques used to separate mixtures
Explain - How can I help students make sense of their observation? Class presentation and
discussions, Videos, demonstrations
 Students will execute this experiment of separating an immiscible mixture of oil and
water using separating funnel with aid of teacher. Students record their
observation/data and write a report on the investigation. Or students will watch video
demonstrating the separation of oil and water (If experiment cannot be carried out).
https://youtu.be/vYncgJfo72E?t=43
 Teacher will give feedback on the experiment and report, share and discuss the
findings with students in classes.

Elaborate - How can my students apply their new knowledge to other situations? Application
of what they learned.
 Students will do classwork and homework on the topic which will be worded to
represent real life experiences.
The candle melted in the beginning of class when it was lit. What type of change took
place chemical or physical? Give reasons?
Look at two labeled containers a) salt water and b) sand with water. Describe the type
of mixture. Give reasons?
 Students will describe how they could separate oil from water using simple
homemade apparatus.

Evaluate - How can I help my students self-evaluate and reflect on the teaching and
learning, and how can I evaluate the students learning of concepts and skills. Assessments,
homework and in class activities and demonstrations.

Integrated Science
Class
Name of Teacher

Answer all Questions

1) Differentiate between a Homogenous and Heterogeneous mixtures (2 marks)

2) Give two examples of a Homogenous Mixture? (2 marks)
3) Give two techniques use to separate mixture.
4) Differentiate between a compound and an element (2 marks)
5) What is a Mixture? (1 mark)
6) Give the name of the apparatus below. Explain how it works (3 marks)
7) Explain any other two (2) methods of separating mixtures (4 marks)

8) Mrs Lindo mixed iron filings with dirt. Briefly explain how he can separate such
a mixture? (2 marks)

9) Which of the following is an element?

a) Oxygen (02)
b) Salt Water
c) Pure Water
d) All of the above

10) . Identify the compound.

a) Oxygen (02)
b) Water (H20)
c) Air
d) Soil

11) The mixture below consists of sand and water.

I. Would you say the mixture below is immiscible or miscible? (1 mark)
 II. State if the sample is heterogeneous or homogenous and why? (2 marks)
12) Give one industrial use of fractional distillation (2 marks)
13) State one negative effect that the separation of mixtures may have on the
environment? (2 marks)

N.B.: Sections of worksheet can be done for homework and section for class activity.

EXTENDED LEARNING:
Research the separation of crude oil. Investigate the melting and boiling points of pure and impure
matter.
LINKS TO OTHER SUBJECTS:
 Chemistry
 Grade 6 (Mixtures) Grade 7 (Matter) as per NSC curriculum