Power is the rate at which work is done or energy is

POWER
transferred or converted. It measures how quickly a certain
amount of energy is used or produced.

The SI unit of power is Watt (W), which is defined as one

joule per second (1 W = 1 J/s).
 Efficiency is a measure of how effectively input energy is
converted into useful output energy or work. It quantifies

EFFICIENCY the proportion of input energy that is actually used to

perform a desired task, as opposed to being lost as waste
or unusable energy.

Efficiency is often expressed as a percentage.

Problem 1

In a hydroelectric power plant, 100 m³/s of water flows from an elevation of 120m to a turbine,
where electric power is generated. The total irreversible head loss in the piping system from
point 1 to point 2 (excluding the turbine unit) is determined to be 35 m. If the overall efficiency
of the turbine-generator is 80 percent, estimate the electric power output.
Problem 2
Pump BC shown brings oil, sg = 0.72 to reservoir D at 170L/s. The energy lost from A to B is 1.1
J/N and from C to D is 4.7 J/N.

a. How many hp does the pump supply?

b. If the pump is 80% efficient, how much power is needed?
c. What is the elevation of the energy grade line just after the pump?
Problem 3

Water flows through the turbine shown at a rate of 0.386 m³/s. The pressures at A and B are
161.2kPa and -19.6kPa respectively. How many kW are delivered by the water to the turbine?