Guide Questions

Organic Agriculture Production NC II

Produce Organic Vegetable

1. How do you prepare a good seedbed?

A. Clear the area and prepared growth media by mixing fine sand, organic
fertilizer and coco coir dust at a ratio of (1:1:1) 1 part sand, 1 part organic fertilizer
and 1 part coco coir dust or other combinations that can be used…
B. Sterilize plots through sun drying, hot water treatment and burning.
C. Introduction of beneficial microorganisms such as IMO, FPJ, OHN, etc.
D. Accessories to unchlorinated water.
E. Strictly record the activities
F. Prepare the seedling trays/ seedbox (range the size depends on the crops
to be sowed) using indigenous materials in the area.
2. How do you select good seeds according to the Philippine National
Standards (PNS)?
A. No to GMO seeds.
B. Source of seeds and planting materials shall be from certified organic
producers when available.
C. Use untreated/ certified seeds and planting materials which are available.
In case chemically untreated conventional materials maybe used provided that
have not been treated with pesticide.
3. What are the ideal characteristics of an organic nursery?
A. Clean, free from contaminations and establish buffer zone, if necessary
B. Put up shade/ screen or transparent plastic to protect from heavy rains/
entry point of insect pest
C. Availability of clean and unchlorinated water
 D. Availability of concoctions
E. Provide clean garden tools
F. Secured area from stray animals

4. How do you prepare the land for vegetable gardening?

A. Through land preparation
B. Pulverized soil, free from weeds
C. Construct canal and waterways for proper drainage
D. 1 meter width of plot/ half meter between plot/ hills (distance depends
upon type of the crops to be planted)
E. Sterilize plots though sun drying
F. Introduction of microorganisms
G. Study record the activities
5. What are the proper procedure in planting and transplanting various
vegetables?
A. Planting (Direct) B. Transplanting
(Indirect)
- Staking using plastic twines - (Same as planting)
- Establish distancing/ spacing
- Holing
- Sterilizing
- Basal application (compost/ vermicompost/ BCF)
- Spraying
6. What are the types of pest and diseases of vegetables?
A. Pest B. Diseases
* Insect Pest * Bacterial disease (BLB)
- Sucking insects (hoppers, aphids) * Virus (mosaic)
 - Chewing insects (spotted bettle, defoliators larvae) * Nematodes
* Rats, birds, mites * Fungus (fruit rot, stem rot)
* Astray animals
7. What are the organic methods of preventing and controlling pest and
diseases for vegetables?
A. Prevention
* Maintain sanitation in the field * Choose resistant and healthy
variety
* Increase population of NEs by planting alternative plants for NEs
* Plant insect repellents/ attractants (amarilyo, cosmos)
* Plant sacrificial plant
B. Control
* Introduction of microorganisms
* Increase population of NEs by planting alternative plants for NEs
* Use parasitoid * Maintain sanitation in the field * Plant sacrificial
plant
8. How do you identify the different maturity indices of common vegetables in
the Philippines?
A. Solanesseous (eggplant, sili, tomatoes) C. Leafy (pechay, lettuce,
mustard)
* Yellowing of fruit, shiny, perfect size * At least 8 leaves from the
base
B. Cucurbits (pipino, squash, pakwan, upo)
* Size, age from transplanting, convex appearance, color
9. How do you perform plant care activities?
A. Visit the plants every day and observe presence of the pests/ diseases
B. Water the plants everyday preferably in the morning
 C. Weed the plants when needed by hand weeding
D. Spray concoctions like IMO to make soil healthy because of the principle
“feed the soil not the plant”
E. For faster growth, spray IMO and FPJ
F. Spray FFJ to make the fruits healthy and good taste
G. Spray OHN/ LABS when there are insects, pests and diseases observed
H. Planting herbs and other insect repellents around the garden
J. Practice crop rotation
10. How do you perform improve fertility of the soil?
* Use of organic fertilizer, basal and foliar fertilizer
* Loosen the soil and spray IMO to increase the growth beneficial organisms
* Practice intercropping * Application of green manure
* Practice of crop rotation * Prevent soil erosion though contour
farming
* Practice fallow period
11. How do you apply basal and foliar fertilizer in the vegetables?
- Basal fertilizer is applied in the soil by digging holes or mixing basal
fertilizer into the soil of preferred bed before planting the seedling
- Foliar fertilizer is applied by spraying into the plant leaves and body during
ambient temperature while the stomata are open
12. How do you harvest and handle vegetables properly using indigenous
materials?
- Harvest vegetables early in the morning or late in the afternoon using
pruning knife
- Segregate the different sizes of vegetables and remove those that have
defects
 - Place it in bamboo baskets lines with banana leaves and used newspaper to
prevent from rashes
- Transport vegetables at cool temperature or early in the morning
13. How do you keep records in the farm?
Maintain records or logbook containing the following:
- Activities - Others
- Date (starts/ends) - Remarks
- Inputs (quantity)
- Expenses (unit/ total costs)
- Labor cost
- Person responsible
14. How do you maintain cleanliness and orderliness in your farm?
Implement 5s and GAP
- Sort - Straighten - Sweep - Standardize - Sustain
15. How do you observe the harvesting protocol of organic vegetables?
* Must have clearly defines collection/ harvesting area
* Harvester must be identified and familiar with the harvesting area
* The harvest area shall be at an appropriate distance from conventional
farming and other possible sources of population and contamination
16. How do you plant to implement the PNS?
- The farm shall meet the minimum requirements as prescribe by the PNS
17. How do you communicate with superiors and co-workers to ensure that
planned activities in procedure are carried out effectively?
* Memos * Farm records * Regular meetings
18. What is the appropriate PPE in the garden?
- Boots – Gloves - Cap/ hat – Mask – Goggles – Long sleeves/ jacket
Produce Organic Concoctions/ Extracts
1. What are the kinds of concoctions used in fertilizer?
Fermented Amino Acid: * Fish Amino Acid * Labs (lactic acid) – good
microorganisms
Indigenous microorganisms: * FFJ – natural taste enhancer
*FPJ – natural growth enhancer * KAA – nitrogen *IMO - beneficial
microorganisms
2. What are the kinds of concoctions used for livestock?
- LABS- enzyme - OHN- natural immune booster- 3Cs- human health
enhancer
- FFJ- natural taste enhancer - FPJ- natural growth enhancer
3. Explain the preparations, processes and application of each concoction?
- Identify the materials (preparation) ex. IMO ratio 1:1, ferment in 7 days
- Application: 2 tbs. p/ litter of water, 8 am – 4 pm
FPJ: spray during vegetative stage – 2 tbs. p. litter of water
4. How do you protect your concoctions from any form of contaminations?
- Use PPE (mask, gloves, faces mask, apron, screen cover, manila paper)
- Wash materials, allow to dry 5 minutes
- Used indigenous materials
- Clean and sanitize utensils, tools before used
- Spray OHN, IMO the area for disinfectant - The area must be clean
- Maintain required temperature
5. How do you apply procedures in organic sanitation and commercial
sterilization, how it differs from each other?
Organic: cleanliness, spray OHN, LABS, IMO. Spray OHN anti-fungus,
anti-molds, 5S
 Commercial: Spray chemicals to remove pathogens, clean the area through
the use of chemical, hazardous to human
6. What are the basic tools in making organic concoctions?
- Knife, chopping board, rubber band, wooden ladle, manila paper, masking
tape, pentil pen, timba, basin, net, weighing scale, measuring cup
7. How do you package concoctions safely after harvest?
- Store in clean cool, dry, dark place and free from disturbance and
contaminations
- Label concoctions properly (date fermented, date harvest)
- Date manufactured, date ferment (6 months), date of expiration: dosage:
uses
8. What is the importance of labelling the container with the concoctions
under process?
* For identification
* Indicate time of harvest us for record keeping. It can be the basis for
subsequent practice
9. How and where do you store the concoctions?
- Store in clean cool, dry, dark place and free from disturbance and
contaminations
- Label concoctions properly (date fermented, date harvest)
10. How do you use concoctions?
FFJ- natural taste enhancer – mixed 2 tbs. per litter, apply twice a week
FPJ- natural growth enhancer – mixed 2 tbs. per litter, apply twice a week
OHN- spray to prevent foul odor
LABS- spray to suppress the bacteria
11. How do you considered the concoctions as a fertilizer?
IMO – beneficial microorganisms
 - Add 2 tbs. and 1 litter, mix and spray in organic fertilizer
- Help to enhance the soil, KAA, EMAS, LABS
12. How do you harvest and handle concoctions?
-Maintain a record that serves as a guide for harvesting
- Have label
- Put in a clean bottle (container) to avoid contaminations
- Handle the concoctions properly by storing in a cool dry place
- Use appropriate PPE
- Do not tighten the cup at least 1 week, loose the cap.
13. How do you maintain cleanliness and orderliness in your concoction
room? And what are the benefits that will bring to the product?
- Label the product lines, classify product lines
- Room shall be ventilated
- Prepare the schedule for room cleaning
- Maintain sanitation, put role sign (no smoking)
- Observe 5S so that the concoctions not contaminated by contaminants
- 5S (sweep, strengthen, sort, standardize and sustain
- Prepare a house keeping schedule - Maintain the record book in each
concoction
14. How do you keep records in every concoctions and what is the importance
of doing so?
- The record books must be containing data such as date, expiration, rate of
application (dosage)
15. How and when do you wear appropriate PPE and the concoctions
production line?
- Used of PPE to avoid contaminants of concoctions
- Protect of concoctions products - Demonstrate by trainer (PPE)
 - To avoid contamination and preserve purity

Produce Organic Fertilizer

1. How do you prepare the composting area?

A. Consider the volume (dimensions: width/ diameter, length and depth) of
needed supply of fertilizer
B. Proximity and availability of raw materials
C. Area with minimal sunlight/ or covered garbage area
D. Good drainage system and area of minimum contamination
E. Accessibility of the composting area
2. What are the characteristics of a good composting site?
* Good drainage system
* Availability of water supply
* Proximity to the source of raw materials
* Area of minimum contamination
* Types of soil
* Area with minimal sunlight
3. What are the basic raw materials for composting?
* Crop residue (rice straw, corn stalks, sugar cane bagasse, weeds)
* Animal manure
* Leguminous plants
* Kitchen waste
4. How do you produce vermicast and vermicompost?
Site selection- characteristics like shaded area and free from predators, near
water source
 Prepare materials- worms, worm buns, substrate: manure + ipil-ipil
(kakawate) 2:1, rice straw + manure 1:1, grasses + chicken manure 3:1, sawdust
(except from the germilina tree) + ipil-ipil + 3:1 (or equivalent materials available
in the area)
Anaerobic decomposition (absence of oxygen) followed by aerobic
decomposition presence of oxygen) harvesting
5. What are the raw materials for foliar fertilizer?
* Water
* Vermin cast or fortified compost
* Molasses
* IMO
6. How do you process foliar fertilizer?
A. Prepare a 60 litters capacity container with aeration facility (in the
absence of aeration facility, prepare a plastic container and a wooden ladle for
stirring
B. Put a 50 litters water (uncontaminated) in the container
C. Aerate the water for 30 minutes
D. Put 3 kgs. of fortified compost in the tea bag and soak it into the water
E. Pour 500 ml of molasses in the aerated water inside the container
F. Add 50 ml of IMO after 30 minutes of brewing and return the cover
(optional)
G. Aerate or brew for 24 hrs. (starting from the first step)
H. Extract liquid and use within 24 hours
7. How do you apply foliar fertilizer?
- Can be sprayed on and underneath the leaves
- Can be drenched into the soil
- Application should be early in the morning or late in the afternoon
8. What are the commonalities and differences between basal and foliar
fertilizer?
Similarities
*Both contain macro and microorganisms * Both have
microorganism
Differences
*Basal fertilizers is applied on the soil the soil while foliar is on underneath
the leaves
*Plants can absorb foliar that basal fertilizer
9. How do you understand the carbon and nitrogen (C/N) ratio and what it
means?
- All biodegradable materials contain carbon (c) and nitrogen (n); higher
carbon content will mean slower decomposition, hence, addition of materials rich
or high in nitrogen (animal manure, leguminous plants, etc) is required to the
process
10. What are the advantages of an organic fertilizer over a chemical based
fertilizer?
Properties of soil Organic Fertilizer Chemical-based fertilizer
Physical property *Improves structure (by *Destroy soil structure
adjusting the arrangement (massive)
of soil particles *Soil become compact
*Soil becomes porous and hard due to filters
*For light textured soil, it present in the materials
increases water holding *No contributions on the
capacity (WHC) while WHC of the soil
for heavy textured soil,
 easy to drain
Chemical property *Adds organic macro and *No organic matter
micronutrients addition
*Provides both macro *Contains 1-4 elements
and micronutrients and mostly
* Improves soil pH macronutrients only
*Lowers toxicity level of *Contributes to the
micronutrients acidity of the soil
Biological property *Increase population *Kills most of beneficial
density of beneficial microorganism in the
microorganism soil
*Promotes biodiversity
11. What are the positive contribution can organic fertilizers do to the
environment?
-Improves soil and water conditions -Promotes health aspects (nature and
human)

12. How do you protect yourself during preparation and processing of organic
fertilizers?
Use the following PPE: Gloves, Mask, Boots
13. How do you apply fertilizer to the soil/ plant and when?
Solid organic fertilizer- is applied basally by incorporating in the soil prior
to the planting or transplanting and being absorbed by the plants through the root
system.
Liquid/Foliar fertilizer- is sprayed to the plants, particularly on the leaves,
which are absorbed through stomata.
 Time/Condition of application- early morning or late in the afternoon and
not windy and no rain.
14. What makes a fertilizer organic?
*The material is free of chemical substances
*There is presence of high organic matter content
*Raw materials used are indigenous in the locality
15. How do you preserve the potency of your organic fertilizer?
*Store in dry, dark and cool place
*Packaging materials should be lined with plastic bag
*For foliar, when aging adds molasses to prolong shelf-life
16. What are the important elements present in an organic fertilizer?
Macro-Elements- N, P, K (primary macro-nutrients) Ca, Mg, and S
(secondary macro-nutrients)
Micro-Elements- Mn, Al, Cu, Mo, Zn, Fe, B
17. What are the things to record in the production of organic fertilizer?
-Manufacturing date
-Expiry date
-Quantity
-Moisture content
-Nutritional Composition
18. How do you plan to implement the Phil. National Standards (PNS) for
organic fertilizer production?
-Follow the organic fertilizer production protocol
19. How do you communicate with superiors and co-workers to ensure that
planned activities in production are carried out effectively?
-Make a report
-Call a meeting
 -Serve memo or letters
20. What to comply in the establishment of commercial organic fertilizer
production?
-BAFPS Registration -Brgy. LGU permits -Local zoning -Third
party certification

Raise Organic Chicken

1. What are the factors for successful brooding?

A. Proper temperature
Age of chick (days) Temperature (oC)
1-7 32.2 – 35.0
8-14 29.4 – 32.3
14-21 26.7 – 29. 4
In the absence of thermometer, the behavior of chicks in the brooder can be
used as a practical guide in determining whether the temperature inside the brooder
compartment is adequate or not.
B. Adequate lightning facilities- the presence of light in the brooder
encourages the chicks to keep close to the sources of heat and help them locate the
feeder waterer.

2. What are the feed types and forms?

*Feed forms:
Mash,
Crumbles,
Pellets
 *Feed types: For young chicken
Pre-starter or chick Day old (weeks) 21.5 – 23% CP
booster
Starter 3 – 4 weeks 19.3 – 20.7% CP
Finisher 5 weeks old until 18 – 19.3% CP
marketing
For chicken layers
Age (weeks) Crude Protein Content
(%)
Chick starter 0–6 19.2 – 19.9
Chick grower 6 – 12 15.7 – 16.3
Developer 12 – 18 14.0 – 14.5
Layer 1 18 – 42 16.0 – 17.5
Layer 2 42 – Cull 15.9 – 16.5

3. What do you mean by culling?

-Culling is the removal of unprofitable/ unproductive birds from the flock.
Undesirable are those that are sick, non-laying and poor producer.

4. How would you recognize good from bad layer?

Character Good Layer Bad Layer
Comb, wattles, earlobes Fully developed, bright, Small, pale, cold,
red warm and waxy shrunken, dry
Pelvic bones (two small Spread apart, two or three Close together, only one
bones extending along fingers can be placed finger can placed
 the sides of the vent) between them, thin and between them, thick and
pliable hard
Vent Large, moist, dilated Small, dry, puckered,
most oval-shaped round
Abdomen Soft with thin skin, Hard with thick skin
expanded
Span (distance between About three to four About one to two finger
the end of keel or breast fingers in width in width
bone and the end of pubic
bones)
Pigmentation (yellow Bleach or white after Remains yellow even
beak and shanks) several months of after several months in
production the laying pen

5. How would you select good quality chicks?

-Quality chicks can be selected by looking their characteristics such as with
dry and fluffy feathers, bright eyes, well-healed navels and apparently active and
came from the reputable source.

6. Why is lightning management necessary in layers?

-Lightning management is necessary to layers because it will affect egg
production. An increasing photoperiod stimulates the birds to mature and a
decreasing photoperiod retards the birds to mature and will affect the egg
production. Follow strictly the lightning program for layer.
7. What would you do in case of disease outbreak?
*Isolate/ quarantine affected birds *Review the medication
program
 *Implement biosecurity measures in the farm
*Consult organic expert if a disease outbreak strike on the farm
8. In case cannibalism outbreak occurs in the farm, what would you do?
*Separating injured birds and treat the wound with pine tar or any anti-peck
preparations.
Cannibalism can be controlled by:
A. Identifying its cause
B. Giving rations containing the right quantity and quality of protein
recommended for the different ages of birds.
C. Providing birds with adequate floor, feed and drinking spaces.
D. Maintaining the recommended temperature and proper ventilation in the
grow house.
E. Providing adequate and uniform light in the pen.
F. Debeaking chicks accurately at recommended age.
9. What safety equipment and clothing should you use and wear while
cleaning and disinfecting poultry diseases?
*PPE, rubber boots, rubber gloves
10. What are the procedures of steps to follow in waste management and dead
chicken disposal?
*Follow strictly the environmental requirements and municipal law and
regulations as well as industry requirements such as:
A. Identify and segregate biodegradable (waste of birds, spoiled feeds, dead
birds, litter materials), recyclable (empty sacks, empty bottles, plastic bottles, used
office materials, used bond papers), non-biodegradable (disposable syringes, used
bulb)
B. Dispose biodegradable/ non-biodegradable- waste of birds/ spoiled
feeds/litter materials- can be sold or use as organic fertilizer
11. What records do you need to accomplish? How and why?
*Strain and source of chicks *Feed consumption *Medication by
boosting the immune system *Production *Financial record *Mortality
record*Inventory
Importance of keeping accurate and up-to-date records
-Production cost may be used in pricing the adjustment of operations can be
computed and forecast
-Whole financial status of the business can be measured also
-Accurate farm records will provide the basic data in the planning of the
succeeding business
-Production records determine the efficiency birds, flock men and
management practice
12. If sudden drop of egg production occur, what action would you take?
Determine the causes of egg drop production and implement immediately
corrective measures to arrest the egg drop problem by: *Implementing full
biosecurity measures in the farm, *Performing all management practices such as
feeding and medication
13. Is there a specific procedure in putting up a poultry farm?
-Yes, because the success of poultry production enterprise depends not only
on the financial resources of the entrepreneur but also on the application of
technology during the various phases of production. We must consider the
following points before engaging on poultry production.
*Personal qualification and capabilities *Availability of resources
*Supply of good stocks *Constant supply of other farm inputs
*Market assurance *Transportation facilities *Site of the farm
*Compliance to the local zoning
14. What is the standard classification of eggs?
 Layer egg classification:
Extra-large (XL) 62 grams up
Large (L) 55-61 grams
Medium (M) 48-54 grams
Small (S) 41-47 grams
Peewee Below 41 grams
Chicken eggs are classified according to:
Good eggs This includes cleaned and free from any strain/ dirt
Reject eggs Cracked, off-shaped, off-sized, heavily/ partly and
wet eggs
15. What are the management practices for the production of high quality
eggs?
Quality eggs can be produced by performing the following management:
A. Proper nutrition B. Laying birds must be free from disturbance
C. Keeping nest, cages and egg roll out as clean as possible to avoid stains
on the eggs
D. Cleaning eggs trays and other containers daily
E. Classify eggs according to standard size immediately after collection
F. Whenever possible, soiled eggs should be cleaned first with soap and
water before placing them in the egg room
G. Keep the eggs in a cool storage preferably at 10-15.6 with relative
humidity of about 70%. If cooler is not available, store the eggs in a cool room.
H. In the absence of cold storage, dispose egg soon after collection or within
3 days after collection to maintain freshness
16. Give Example of disinfectants used for poultry operations.
- OHN - IMO - EMAS -LABS (Lactic Acid Bacteria
Serum)
Raise Organic Hog
1. How do you determine the suitability of a breed
(sow/ boar)?
-Adaptability to local conditions, performance and
productivity of the animal and availability of the animal,
local preference of the breed.
2. How do you identify a good breeder (sow/ boar)?
Physical evaluation- no.of the teats, back slightly arc,
feet stand squarely, long body, strong legs, equal size of
testicles
Behavior- docility, temperament, good mothering
ability, aggressiveness
Productivity- litter size, prolific, weaning rate, litter
index
Progeny records
3. How do you evaluate fertility?
Sow- litter size, litter index, weaning rate
Boar- semen (mortality, volume, consistency, color)
Performance- aggressiveness, temperament
4. What is the basis for space confinement in the
different stages of swine production?
*Age, purpose of production and size
5. How do you recognize in heat and pregnant animal?
In heat: Grunting and mounting of the hogs, swelling
and reddening of the vulva, loss of appetite, erect ears,
appearance of mucous discharge from the vagina, can
only move with great efforts, frequent attempts to urinate
with little no discharges at all
Pregnant: Absence of heat/estrus, increase weight,
enlargement of the abdomen, development of mammary
glands
6. What is the relation of space in health and fertility
of animals?
-Space greatly affects health and fertility of the
animals.
*The smaller the space the greater the chance of
acquiring diseases, the bigger the space the more prune to
injury, enough space means increase growth and
development.
7. How do you manage waste disposal of the farm?
*Manure- use as fertilizer *Dead animals- burning or
deep burying
*Environmental compliance
8. What system or procedure of waste management is
ideal for farm operation?
*Convert animal manure to fuel (biogas)
*Compliance with municipal regulations
9. In case of disease infection on nearby farms, how
will you lessen or prevent contamination of your
farm?
-Quarantine, observe code of conducts and animal
welfare act, strict implement of biosecurity measures.
10. How would you protect farm personnel against the
anima or vice versa?
-Use of PPE, groupings of animals according to size
and purpose
11. How do you manage common farrowing problems?
*Identify first the problem *Provide proper nutrition
Common problem: Dystocia- administer oxytocin
Agalactiae- hot water compress on mammary gland/
oxytocin
Mastitis- antibiotic injection Mestritis- antibiotic
injection
12. What would you do if the farm experiences low
litter rate?
-Review breeding record, semen evaluation,
improve breeding techniques
13. How do you determine vaccination failure?
-Development of the disease sought to be
prevented
14. What would you do if the size of the sow/ gilt varies
with the size of the boar during mating?
–Use artificial insemination, in the absence of AI
assists the boar in mating
15. What would you do if particular ration deficient or
less but you have excess with other feed ration?
–Mix the two rations Pearson square
16. What would you do if the sow refuses to nurse or
hostile to her new-born litter?
-Identify the cause hostility, check for agalactaiaea
and mastitis. Use of sedatives in case of nervousness
17. What are the different breeding systems and their
advantages?
Natural breeding- bringing the boar to the mate and
“in-heat” gilt/sow or vice versa, and then separating the
two after mating. This practice is termed as hand mating.
Artificial Insemination- introduction of the sperm cell
to the female reproductive physical contact between the
boar and the sow/gilt
Advantages Disadvantages
Natural *Owner actually sees *Limits number
breeding the boar of sows that can
 *Less laborious serviced
*Less labor and *Occurrence of
equipment cost injuries during
mating
*Increases
sexually
transmitted
diseases
*Increases feed
cost for boar
Artificial *Increase number of *High
Insemination sows that can be transportation
serviced cost
*Eliminates injuries *Laborious and
during mating requires
*Reduces sexually technician
transmitted diseases *High labor cost
*Less transportation *Expensive
cost (laboratory and
 equipment)
18. What regulations on organic hogs/ swine raising
should a farm comply?
-Regulation of DENR and Municipal Ordinances
Raise Organic Small Ruminants
1. What would you do if your breeding objectives are not met?
-Evaluate the performance and physical characteristics of breeders, your
management practices (breeding, feeding and health of the breeders) which may
result to culling and selection
2. What if your numbers of breeder animals are inadequate?
-Selection of replacement stocks either with in the general herd or buy from
reputation sources through judging based from the characteristics of a good breeder
using the score card
3. What would you do if the existing organic health program is not effective?
-Check the organic/concoctions you are using. Inform your supervisor and
review with him/her the existing health program, if necessary consult an organic
hog expert.
4. Identify precautions when handling breeder rams and bucks?
-Identify the fight zone of the ram/buck; apply TLC (TENDER LOVING
CARE). Apply the correct ratio and proportion of male and female.
5. What would you do to prevailed viral diseases in your flock?
Practices organic- security measures such as: *Isolation of newly acquired
stocks and infected animals *Feed the stocks with concoctions/ extract
*Practice hygiene and sanitation (cleaning and disinfecting)
*Control the movement of man and animals inside your farm
6. How would you prevent inbreeding?
–Practice record keeping strictly including proper identification of animals
(ear tagging, ear notching, tattooing) and castration of unwanted male animals.
7. What is precautions must you take in handling sick animals?
–Wear appropriate PPE; know the behavior of your stocks
8. What records are must important to determine the efficiency of operations?
-All records are important in measuring the efficiency of the operation
9. How would you improve breeding efficiency in your herd?
–Proper care and management of breeders (selecting of breeders, providing
appropriate nutrients for breeders, providing correct housing requirements and
implementation of effective heard health program.)
10. What alternative breeding systems would you adopt if breeder animals are
limited?
-Using artificial insemination. Upgrading system to produce offspring with
superior quality/traits
11. How would you treat bloating?
–Let the animal walk. Administer orally mineral oil, massage the rumen, and
do not let the animal lie down
12. What would you do if feed resources are scarce?
–Make/process silage, UTRS (concoctions (LABS) treated rice straw, use
agricultural by products
13. How would you manage unproductive animals?
–Though culling activity
14. What would you do if you want to transport animal?
–A permit from the municipal veterinarian or agricultural officer must be
secured in transporting animals from municipality to another
15. How would you ensure safe handling of vaccines and other biological?
 –Maintain the recommended temperature as per manufacturer’s instructions.
16. What document is provided by a municipality that an area is appropriate
for pasture?
-A permit is provided by the zoning officer of a municipality to prove that
the area is appropriate for pasture