Region I

La Union Schools Division Office

DAMORTIS NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Junior High School
Damortis, Sto. Tomas, La Union 2505

“THE EFFECTS OF TEENAGE PREGNANCY ON THE ACADEMIC

PERFORMANCE OF A STUDENT”

Presented to:
Mrs. Darwin Lorena Tadije

By:

Joey Ann Gundran

Aldren Balanon

Julie Ann Balcita

Mark Gerald David

Mark John Balcita

Donna Madriaga
 CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Teenage pregnancy is a world wide issue. Even though there are many advocates

and program preventing about it, it still continues. There are many studies conducted

every side of the earth to determine its effects and impacts. However, it's not enough to

say that teenage pregnancy have an impact on young ones. Teenage pregnancy has been a

global problem that has prompted numerous campaigns and public awareness initiatives

to reduce its occurrence. Teenage pregnancy is defined as "a teenage girl, usually within

the ages of 13–19, becoming pregnant, and refers to girls who have not reached legal

adulthood, which varies across the world". According to the data that UNICEF released

about early childbearing in 2021 globally, an estimated 14 percent of adolescent girls and

young women give birth before age 18. Therefore, teenage pregnancy has adversely

affected young people. One of the most devastating effects of teenage pregnancy is that it

makes it difficult for young people to continue with their studies.

The Philippines is one of the Asian countries that is encountering the problem of

early pregnancy, and according to the Philippine National Statistics Office, in 2022, there

are 5.4 percent, or 5,531 teenage women, who have ever been pregnant in the

country.Teenage pregnancy is so prevalent and alarming that most of the countries that

are going through this problem question how they prevent and control it from

growing.Philippines Today, we are faced with the painful reality that, at a very young
age, most Filipino teens already have children of their own.According to studies, parental

supervision and a lack of comprehensive sexual education have been linked to teenage

pregnancy. Early pregnancy can be a reason for a student to not pursue her education.

Additionally, having a child at an early age or being pregnant at such an early age can

lead to a lot of consequences, including dropping out of school. Some of the students who

are pregnant are choosing to drop out of school, while others do not. A UNFPA-

commissioned study in 2016 revealed that those adolescents in the Philippines who have

begun childbearing before the age of 18 are less likely to complete secondary education

compared to the adolescents who have not begun Childbearing.

This research study aims to discover how teenage pregnancy impacts a student's

academic performance. Some individuals know that pregnancy or having a newborn child

is a blessing, but it depends on whether you are at the right time to have one. When it

comes to teenage pregnancy, people have different perspectives.Teenage pregnancy has

had a big impact on young people, especially in their studies. Because of early pregnancy

and sudden parental responsibility, it affects their academic performance and can also

cause them to drop out of school.The study may contribute to the existing literature on

providing findings about the impact of teenage pregnancy to the students academic

performance in the locale of the study.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

This study sought to know how teenage pregnancy affects the academic performance

of a student. Specifically, it aimed to answer the following questions:

1. What is the profile of the respondents as to:

a. Age;

b. Grade/ Section; and

c. GPA?

2. How does early pregnancy affect the academic performance of

a student?

3.Is there a significant relationship between teenage pregnancy and school drop out of
some student mothers?
RESEARCH OBJECTIVES

1. To determine the effects of teenage pregnancy on the academic performance of a

student.

2. To understand the live experience of a student who experienced early pregnancy.

3. To determine the relationship between early pregnancy and a student's academic

performance.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This study will be conducted to determine the effects of teenage pregnancy and how it

impacts the academic performance of a student. This study will be beneficial to the

Following:

Students - This study will help to raise awareness to the students about pregnancy and

this study serves as a lesson for young people.

Guidance Counselors - The findings and observations would provide them relevant data

that can be utilized in their counseling interventions.

School - This will provide them information to promote, and raise awareness about

teenage pregnancy to the students to prevent it from happening.

Teachers - This study will help the teachers to focus more on helping and give support to

the early pregnancy students to their study.

Other Researchers - This research study will serve as a guide and references to other

researchers who will be conducting a research about Teenage Pregnancy and Its effects

on the Academic Performance of a student.

SCOPE AND DELIMITATION

The study will focus on determining the student mothers that are enrolled at
Damortis National High School—Junior and Senior High School, and how their early
pregnancy affects their academic performance. We will be selecting participants from
junior and senior high schools who have experienced early pregnancy as students for the
said study.It will mainly focus on the adjustments in the lives of students experiencing
early pregnancy both at home and in school.
 CHAPTER II
REVIEW RELATED LITERATURE

Pregnancy is not easy as you think. There are many things that you’ll gonna sacrifice if

you get impregnated. In addition there are many positive and mostly negative

consequences and impacts of being pregnant. Nowadays, teenagers don’t know what they

doing. They just do what they want, they just want pleasure, they did not think what will

be the consequences for their actions, especially for girls. Teenage pregnancy is a big

crisis until now. There are many cases reported in the past similarly to this case. Women

aged 15 to 19 or less than 20 years old are considered as teenagers (Taylor, 2022). Also, a

young woman who aged 12 or below is also considered as adolescent pregnancy

(American Pregnancy Association, 2022). There are the one who is vulnerable on to this

case. According to World Health Organization (2023), as of 2019, there are 21 million of

teenage pregnancy each year all over the world and 12 million of them give births. In

Kenya Child bearing and early pregnancy is common, where 25% of women are giving

birth at age of 18 (Okumu, 2020).

There are different factors that why teenagers under go in unprotected sex and

become pregnant. In the study of Maemeko, Nkengbeza and Chokomosi (2018), the

result of their findings revealing that lack of parental control and care, lack of some

material needs, poor peer guidance and lack of sex education are the major reason why

young women is being impregnated. This was supported by the research study of Gyan

(2013) where he found that, by evidence, poor parenting, peer influence, and poverty are

the major reasons of teenage pregnancy. . Furthermore, factors contributing to teenage

pregnancy included: lack of school fees, lack of parental care, communication and
supervision, poverty, peer pressure, non-use of contraceptives, desire for a child, forced

marriage, low educational level and need for dowries (Vincent and Alimo, 2022).

Plan International (2023) stated that lack of information sexual and reproductive

health and rights also a consideration for teenage pregnancy. Moreover, inadequate

access to services tailored to young people, family, community and social pressure to

marry, sexual violence, child, early and forced marriage, which can be both a cause and a

consequence and lack of education or school drop-out could be a major reason why

students being pregnant (Plan International, 2023). In addition, seeking of love is the

overwhelming majority of the respondents in the study of Gyan (2013).

Gyan (2013) tells that drop-out is a predictive factor of teenage pregnancy rather

than consequence. In his findings it clearly stated that 86% of his respondents where

going to school and concluded that teenage pregnancy is also an effect of drop-out.

The factors and cause of teenage pregnancy are various, it consequence and

effects too. Pregnant girls and adolescents also face other health risks and

complications due to their immature bodies. Babies born to younger mothers are

also at greater risk. According to World Health Organization (2023) there is

higher risk of eclampsia, puerperal endometritis and systemic function.

Furthermore, there are higher risk of postpartum depression (Nall, 2016)

Research studies revealed that teenage pregnancy have also an effect in

education. Okumu (2020) reveals on his study that most of the girls that are

pregnant have a poor school or academic performance. Maemeko et al. (2018)

also stated that there is an high chance of dropping out of the student .
 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

The conceptual framework for this study aims to determine how Teenage Pregnancy
impacts the academic performance of the selected students at Damortis National High
School. This study intends to explore the experiences and challenges of early pregnancy
as a student. This framework will provide valuable insight into how early pregnancy
affects a student's studies.

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

II respondents
Profile of the
in terms of:
a. Age;

• Grade point average of the

b. Grade/ Section; and • •Survey Questions selected participants

• Actual Interview • Adjustments in the life of

c. GPA? students mothers

• Student Mothers

• Related Studies
DEFINITION OF TERMS

Teenage Pregnancy- When a woman under 20 becomes pregnant, this is considered a

teen pregnancy. Teens between the ages of 15 and 19 are typically the target audience.

Teen pregnancy or adolescent pregnancy are other names for it.

Academic Performance- The extent to which a student, teacher or institution has

attained their short or long-term educational goals as measured by their GPA.

GPA - GPA is an abbreviation for “ Grade Point Average,” which is typically

calculated by adding all the numbered grades received and dividing them by the number

of credits taken.
 CHAPTER III
METHODOLOGY

This chapter outlines the research methods and techniques that the researcher will

employ to meticulously approach the challenges under examination. This chapter

explained the research method, the population and samples, the research instrument, the

data collection process, and the data analysis.

RESEARCH DESIGN

Under the qualitative research study, the researchers will be using a case study design.
A case study is an empirical investigation of a single, exceptional situation that typically
deals with an issue of some kind (Elman et al., 2016).

POPULATION

The study will be conducted at Damortis National High School. Santo Tomas La

Union. This research project will focus on the student mothers or students who

experienced an early pregnancy. The number of participants will depend on the

population of the students who experienced early pregnancy or were student mothers.

SAMPLING DESIGN

To get the participants of the study, the researchers will randomly select students

from Junior and Senior high school students at Damortis National High School who are

student mothers and have experienced an early pregnancy.

RESEARCH INSTRUMENT

To gather the data needed in the study, the researchers will be using a survey
questionnaire and a Kelly grid or report grid that maps the interactions between
the key ideas and themes of their answers, and then the researchers will be conducting an

interview with the selected Students Mothers studying at Damortis National High School.

DATA GATHERING PROCEDURE

In conducting the research study, the researchers will follow the following procedure:

First, the researchers will prepare a questionnaire. Second, they will be purposefully

selecting student mothers enrolled at Damortis National High School to become their

participants. After getting the needed data from them, the researchers will proceed with

the analysis, interpretation, and formulation of conclusions and recommendations.