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*

COM 113COMPUTERPROGRAM ANDAPPLI


CATI
ON*

COMPUTERCOMPONENTS

ht
tps:
//www.
ict
lounge.
com/
html
/comput
ercomponent
s.ht
m

1.Pr
ogr
am orsof
twar
e

2.Appl
i
cat
ionorApp(
shor
tfor
m)

3.Oper
ati
ngSy
stem

4.Pr
oduct
ivi
tyAppl
i
cat
ions

*
1.Pr
ogr
am orsof
twar
e*

Acomput erpr ogram isali


stofinst
ruct
ionsthatt
ell
acomputerwhattodo.Ever
ythi
nga
computerdoesi sdonebyusi ngacomput erprogr
am.Progr
amsstoredint
hememor yofa
computer("
internalprogramming")l
etthecomputerdoonethi
ngaft
eranother
,evenwit
h
breaksi
nbet ween.

*
2.Comput
erAppl
i
cat
ion:
*

Anappli
cat
ionprogr
am (appli
cati
onorappf orshor
t)isacomputerprogr
am desi
gnedtocarry
outaspeci
fi
ctaskotherthanoner el
atingt
otheoperati
onofthecomputeri
tsel
f,
[1]t
ypi
cal
l
yt o
beusedbyend-user
s.Wor dprocessors,medi
aplay
ers,andaccount
ingsoft
wareareexamples.

*
3.Oper
ati
ngsy
stem*
Anoper atingsyst
em (OS)istheprogram that,af
terbei
nginit
iall
yloadedint othecomput erbya
bootpr ogram,managesal l
oftheot herappl
icati
onprogramsi nacomput er.Theappl icat
ion
programsmakeuseoft heoperati
ngsy st
em bymaki ngrequestsforservicest hroughadef ined
applicati
onprogram i
nterf
ace(API).Inaddit
ion,user
scani nt
eractdirectl
ywi tht heoperati
ng
system throughauserinterf
ace,suchasacommand- l
i
neinterface(CLI)oragr aphicalUI(GUI)
.

*
4.Pr
oduct
ivi
tyAppl
i
cat
ions*

Product ivi
tysof twar e( alsocal ledper sonal pr oductiv
itysof twar eorof fi
cepr oductivi
tysoftware)
i
sappl icati
onsof twar eusedf orpr oducingi nformation( suchasdocument s,presentati
ons,
worksheet s,dat abases, char ts,graphs,di git
al paint
ings, electronicmusi canddi git
alvideo).I
ts
namesar osef rom i tincreasi ngpr oductiv i
ty,especiallyofi ndividualof f
icewor kers,fr
om t y
pists
toknowl edgewor kers, althoughi t
sscopei snowwi derthant hat.Officesui t
es,whichbr ought
wordpr ocessi ng,spr eadsheet ,
andr el
ational databasepr ogramst ot hedeskt opinthe1980s,
arethecor eexampl eofpr oduct ivitysoftwar e.Theyr evolut i
onizedt heof f
icewi ththemagni t
ude
ofthepr oduct i
v i
tyi ncreaset heybr oughtascompar edwi tht hepr e-
1980sof ficeenv i
ronment s
oftypewr it
ers, paperf ili
ng, andhandwr i
ttenl istsandl edger s.IntheUni t
edSt ates,some78%of
"middle-ski
ll"occupat ions( thoset hatcal lformor ethanahi ghschool diplomabutl essthana
bachelor'sdegr ee)nowr equi ret heuseofpr oductiv
itysof twar e.Inthe2010s, productivi
ty
softwarehasbecomeev enmor econsumer izedthani talreadywas, ascomput ingbecomes
evermor eintegrat edint odai lyper sonallife.

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