GIVE ME DEFINITIONS OF STATISTICS ACCORDING TO DIFFERENT

AUTHORS OR WRITERS
ChatGPT
Sure, here are definitions of statistics according to different authors or writers:
1. Ronald E. Walpole, Raymond H. Myers, Sharon L. Myers, and Keying Ye:
"Statistics is the science of collecting, organizing, presenting, analyzing, and
interpreting data to assist in making effective decisions."
2. William Mendenhall and Terry Sincich: "Statistics is the science of
collecting, describing, and interpreting data."
3. David S. Moore, William I. Notz, and Michael A. Fligner: "Statistics is the
study of how best to collect, analyze, and draw conclusions from data."
4. Richard A. Johnson and Gouri K. Bhattacharyya: "Statistics is the
methodology of studying a problem through the collection, analysis,
interpretation, presentation, and organization of data."
5. Morris H. DeGroot and Mark J. Schervish: "Statistics is the study of how
to collect, organize, analyze, and interpret numerical information from data."
6. George W. Snedecor and William G. Cochran: "Statistics is the science
that deals with the collection, classification, analysis, interpretation, and
presentation of data."
7. David Freedman, Robert Pisani, and Roger Purves: "Statistics is the
study of how to collect, organize, analyze, and interpret numerical information
from data."
These definitions emphasize the fundamental principles of statistics, which
involve the process of gathering data, organizing and analyzing it, and drawing
meaningful conclusions from the results. Statistics plays a crucial role in
various fields, including scientific research, business, economics, social
sciences, and more, by providing tools and techniques for data-driven decision
making and inference.
Certainly, here are definitions of research according to different authors or
writers:

1. Clifford Woody:
"Research comprises defining and redefining problems, formulating hypotheses
or suggested solutions; collecting, organizing, and evaluating data; making
deductions and reaching conclusions; and at last, carefully testing the
conclusions to determine whether they fit the formulating hypothesis."

2. Kerlinger and Lee:

"Research is a systematic, controlled, empirical, and critical investigation of
hypothetical propositions about the presumed relations among natural
phenomena."

3. Wayne C. Booth, Gregory G. Colomb, and Joseph M. Williams:

"Research is the process of inquiry that leads to the discovery of new
knowledge."

4. John W. Creswell:
"Research is a process of steps used to collect and analyze information to
increase our understanding of a topic or issue."

5. Donald H. McBurney and Theresa L. White:

"Research is the systematic and objective analysis and recording of controlled
observations that may lead to the development of generalizations, principles, or
theories, resulting in prediction and possibly ultimate control of events."

6. Leedy and Ormrod:

"Research is a systematic process of collecting, analyzing, and interpreting
information (data) in order to increase our understanding of a phenomenon
about which we are interested or concerned."

7. Paul D. Leedy and Jeanne Ellis Ormrod:

"Research is a way of examining and seeking solutions to problems or
questions through the application of systematic methods that are guided by
specific rules or principles."

These definitions highlight research as a systematic and organized process of

inquiry aimed at gaining new knowledge, understanding, or solutions to
specific problems or questions. Researchers use various methods, data
collection techniques, and analytical tools to gather and interpret information
in a methodical manner to draw meaningful conclusions and contribute to the
existing body of knowledge in their respective fields.