Maths Formulae

Sets:
● Study From Textbook

Relations and Functions:

● Identity Function : y=f(x)=x
● Constant Function : y=f(x)=c
𝑓(𝑥)
● Rational Function : 𝑦 = 𝑔(𝑥)
● Modulus Function : refer Textbook Pg 41
● Signum Function : refer Textbook Pg 41
● Greatest Integer Function : f(x)=[x], where it assumes the value of the greatest integer
less than or equal to x
● n(A)×n(B)=n(A×B)=pq
● (f+g)(x) = f(x)+g(x)
● (f-g)(x) = f(x)-g(x)
● (f*g)(x) = f(x)*g(x)
𝑓 𝑓(𝑥)
● 𝑔
(x)= 𝑔(𝑥) , g(x)≠0

Trigonometric Functions:
● Arc Length = Angle * Radius
Π
● Radian = 180
*Degree Measure
180
● Degree = Π
*Radian Measure
2 2
● 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥 = 1
2 2
● 1 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝑥 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑥
2 2
● 1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑡 𝑥 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑥
● sin(π/2-A) = cos A
● cos(π/2-A) = sin A
● sin(π-A) = sin A
● cos(π-A) = -cos A
● sin(π+A)=-sin A
● cos(π+A)=-cos A
● sin(2π-A) = -sin A
● cos(2π-A) = cos A
● cos (A + B) = cos A cos B – sin A sin B
● cos (A – B) = cos A cos B + sin A sin B
● sin (A+B) = sin A cos B + cos A sin B
 ● sin (A -B) = sin A cos B – cos A sin B
● tan(A+B) = [(tan A + tan B)/(1 – tan A tan B)]
● tan(A-B) = [(tan A – tan B)/(1 + tan A tan B)
● cot(A+B) = [(cot A cot B − 1)/(cot B + cot A)]
● cot(A-B) = [(cot A cot B + 1)/(cot B – cot A)]
● sin2A = 2sinA cosA = [2tan A /(1+tan2A)]
● cos2A = cos2A–sin2A = 1–2sin2A = 2cos2A–1= [(1-tan2A)/(1+tan2A)]
● tan 2A = (2 tan A)/(1-tan2A)
● sin3A = 3sinA – 4sin3A
● cos3A = 4cos3A – 3cosA
● tan3A = [3tanA–tan3A]/[1−3tan2A]
● sin A Sin B = ½ [cos (A-B) – cos (A+B)]
● cos A cos B = ½ [cos (A-B) + cos (A+B)]
● sin A cos B = ½ [sin (A+B) + sin (A-B)]
● cos A sin B = ½ [sin (A+B) – sin (A-B)]
𝑥+𝑦 𝑥−𝑦
● Sin x + sin y = 2 sin 2
cos 2
𝑥+𝑦 𝑥−𝑦
● Sin x - sin y = 2 cos 2 sin 2
𝑥+𝑦 𝑥−𝑦
● Cos x + cos y = 2 cos 2 cos 2
𝑥−𝑦 𝑥+𝑦
● Cos x - cos y = -2 sin 2 sin 2
𝑛
● sin x = sin y, x = nΠ + (− 1) y , where n ϵ z
● cos x = cos y, x = (2n+Π) ± y ,where n ϵ z
● tan x = tan y, x = nΠ + y , where n ϵ z

Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations:

● Z1 + Z2 = (a+c) + i(b+d), where Z1=a+ib, Z2=c+id
● Z1*Z2 = (ac-bd) + i(ad+bc)
𝑎 −𝑏
● Multiplicative inverse of z = a+ib ⇒ 2 2 +i 2 2
𝑎 +𝑏 𝑎 +𝑏
● Conjugate of z = a+ib ⇒ a - ib

Linear Inequalities:
● Refer TB

Permutations and Combinations:

n 𝑛!
● Pr = (𝑛−𝑟)!
● The number of permutations of n objects taken r at a time, where repetition is allowed,
is nr
 n 𝑛!
● Cr = 𝑟!(𝑛−𝑟)!

Binomial Theorem:
● (x + y)n = nC0 xn + nC1 xn-1 . y + nC2 xn-2 . y2 + … + nCn yn
● Pascal’s Triangle - Refer Textbook
● General Term = Tr+1 = nCr xn-r . yr
● If n is even then (n/2 + 1) Term is the middle Term.
● If n is odd then [(n+1)/2]th and [(n+3)/2)th terms are the middle terms.

Sequences and Series:

Straight Lines:
𝑚2−𝑚1
● tan θ = 1+𝑚1𝑚2
● Equation of a Line
○ Slope-Point Form : y – y0 = m (x – x0)
𝑦2−𝑦1
○ 2 Point Form : y-y1 = 𝑥2−𝑥1
(x-x1)
○ Slope Intercept Form : y = mx + c
𝑥 𝑦
○ Intercept Form : 𝑎
+ 𝑏
=1
|𝑐1−𝑐2|
● Distance between 2 parallel lines : 2 2
𝐴 +𝐵
|𝐴𝑥1+𝐵𝑦1|+𝐶
● Distance between a line Ax+By+C = 0 from a point : 2 2
𝐴 +𝐵
Conic Sections:
● Refer Tables given in Classwork
3D Geometry:

●
● Section Formula

○ Internally -

○ Externally -

● Midpoint Formula

● Centroid Formula

Limits and Derivatives:

● First Principle

● UV Rule
 ● U/V Rule

●
● Refer 11 Formulae given in CW for Limits
● Refer Formulae given in CW for Derivatives
● Chain Rule -
○ d(cos5x) = -5(sin5x)
○ d(cosx2) = -sinx2(2x)

Statistics:

●
 ●

Probability:

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THE END