Generic Name Routes of Dosage Mechanism of Side Effects Adverse Nursing Responsibilities

Admini actions & Reaction

-stration Indications
Insulin Subcutaneous 0.5-1 Insulin is a hormone METABOLIC: Hypoglycemia, Before
(Regular) unit/kg/day secreted by beta cells Hyperglycemia, lipoatrophy,  Assess glucose level before starting
of pancreas that, by hypoglycemia, lipohypertrophy, therapy. If patient is under stress,
Brand Name: For adults receptor-mediated ketoacidosis obesity, insulin unstable, pregnant, recently diagnosed or
Humulin R with Type 2 effects, promotes the allergy, insulin taking drugs that can interact with insulin,
Novolin R. diabetes storage of the body’s RESPIRATORY antibodies, monitor level more frequently.
Penfill mellitus fuels, facilitating the : insulin induced  Assess injection sites for local reactions.
requiring transport of Dyspnea, edema, seizure  Check the patient’s skin color, orientation,
Classification: basal insulin metabolites and ions increased cough, and coma reflexes and peripheral sensation.
Antidiabetic control: (potassium) through reduced
Hormone 10 units/day cell membranes and pulmonary During
stimulating the function,  Ensure uniform suspension of insulin by
synthesis of glycogen respiratory tract gently rotating the vial containing the
from amino acids. infection agent. Avoid vigorous shaking.
 Give maintenance doses subcutaneously,
Insulin is indicated SKIN: rotating injection sites regularly to
for the treatment of Itching, rash, decrease the risk of lipodystrophy.
Type 1 diabetes redness, stinging,  Use caution when mixing two types of
mellitus, Type 2 swelling, insulin. Always draw the regular insulin
diabetes that cannot urticaria, warmth into the syringe first.
be controlled by diet at injection site
 Double-check or have a colleague check
or oral drugs, severe
the dosage drawn up for patients; even
ketoacidosis, OTHER:
small errors in dosage can cause serious
hyperkalemia, Anaphylaxis,
problems.
gestational diabetes angioedema
and treatment of hypersensitivity
After
patients who require reactions,
 Monitor response carefully to avoid
basal insulin control lipoatrophy,
adverse effects.
of hyperglycemia. lipohypertrophy,
rash  Provide patient education about drug
effects and warning signs to report to
enhance patient knowledge and to
promote compliance.
 Ensure that patient has dietary and
exercise regimen and using good hygiene
practices to improve the effectiveness of
the insulin and decrease adverse effects of
 the disease.
 Monitor nutritional status to provide
nutritional consultation as needed.
 Dispose of used materials properly.
 Document that drug has been given.

Reference: Karch, A. (2014). Lippincott’s Nursing Drug Guide.