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This is why the rate of reaction increased, as the concentration of sodium thiosulphate increased.
This is an experiment that relies heavily on human judgement. This means that the rate of the reaction
should be directly proportional, so the graph should be a straight line. This means that the time takne
for the cross to disappear will increase. In the rate graph, I predict that the graph is linear. I think this
because when the concentration of the sodium thiosulphate is doubled there will be two times the
amount of molecules for the hydrochloric acid molecules to collide with and the reaction should
therefore occur twice as fast. When the results are collected there are two methods that could be
adopted to find the order of the reactants in order to find the rate equation. If a solution is made
more concentrated it means there are more particles of reactant knocking about between the water
molecules which make collisions between the important particles more likely. Particles with more
energy are more likely to overcome the “activation energy barrier”. Therefore if the concentration
increases then more particles will come in contact, increasing the collision frequency. The using the
burette I will measure out of 20 cm3 of hydrochloric acid and pour it in a conical flask. I am going
to do two experiments, one changing the temperature and one changing the concentration of the
sodium thiosulphate. The only problems I encountered during this experiment were that some of the
results I produced didn’t agree with the others. If you start the time at different times, the
experiment will be unfair and the results will be inaccurate. Therefore this proves that the acid needs
to be more concentrated if the reaction is to be fast. Similarly the use of a catalyst complicates
things, and if used incorrectly could alter the outcome of the experiment. This is why the rate of
reaction increased, as the concentration of sodium thiosulphate increased. This will then be repeated
for accuracy and, if the two results vary greatly, they will be repeated again. I will change the
amount of Sodium Thiosulphate from 50cm 3 and decrease each time by 5cm 3 and increase the
amount of water to investigate whether concentration affects reaction time. The rate of reaction
between Sodium Thiosulphate and hydrochloric acid. This suggests that the concentration of sodium
thiosulphate is directly proportional to the rate of reaction. This is because if there are more
molecules, they are more likely to collide and react. Perhaps some sort of electronic device could
detect turbidity more precisely. The average time it took for the solution to opaque, at 0.050M was
95 seconds. It took 179 seconds for the cross to disappear at 0.025M concentration of sodium
thiosulphate. Kinetics Study on the Reaction between Sodium Thiosulphate and. Preliminary Work
Before the investigation is carried out, preliminary work was done. Prediction I predict that as the
concentration of the sodium thiosulphate increases, the time taken for the cross to disappear will
decrease. Graphs one and two relate to the first table of results and graph three and four relates to
the second table. Pour the acid into the flask and start the stop clock. Investigating reaction rates of
Sodium Thiosulphate and Hydrochloric acid.
Particles with more energy are more likely to overcome the “activation energy barrier”. The rate of a
reaction can be measured by measuring the rate that a reactant is used. I have decided to use the
temperature increase because it can be easily controlled and readings can be taken simply. We must
remember that the substances which we use in this experiment can be very harmful if used. I am
going to investigate how the concentration of sodium thiosulphate affects the time it takes to react
with hydrochloric acid. I will conduct all my experiments on one day, so that the temperature will be
closer together. The reaction rate decreased because fewer molecules, with less energy of sodium
thiosulphate were available to collide with the hydrochloric acid particles. Fast moving particles are
more likely to react when they collide. In this investigation I tested how the effect of heat changes
the reaction rate. I shall use 10cm 3 if hydrochloric acid because 5cm 3 had a time which was close
to 3 minutes, while 10 and 15cm 3 had their longest times closer to 2 minutes. My results showed
that as the concentration of sodium thiosulphate increases, the rate of reaction increases, thus causing
the average time it takes for the solution to go opaque, decrease. The diagram below shows the
different stages of the reaction taking place. Rates of reaction between Sodium Thiosulphate and
Hydrochloric Acid. Luckily from my results I have been able to decide which variables I am going to
test in my final investigation. When the substances need to be heated, they will be put in separate test
tubes and heated in a beaker of water. I may need to repeat my readings so I can see if they are
accurate, and also to calculate the average. Need coursework for rate of reaction between sodium
thiosulfate. The third shows the time taken for the cross to disappear in the second experiment and
the fourth shows the rate of reaction in the second experiment. An Investigation Into The Rate Of
Reaction Between Sodium Thiosulphate and. No catalysts will be added at any point throughout the
experiment. We then recorded the time for the cross to become completely obscured. Pour the acid
into the flask and start the stop clock. This is because if there are more molecules, they are more
likely to collide and react. For example for measuring volumes, if I use different measuring cylinder
it will be an unfair test, because different pieces of equipment has different degrees of accuracy and
because we can only measure to half an interval, the amount we measure may be different, with
different apparatus. I have also plotted them onto a graph (see below) so that the trend can be seen
more easily. My aim is to investigate one effect of concentration on the rate of reactio. In order to
change the concentration of sodium thiosulphate, we will use various amounts of water, to dilute the
solution. Rate of Reaction - Sodium Thiosulphate and Hydrochloric Acid. It is interesting to note that
sodium chloride is ordinary table salt. If the concentration doubles, I would expect the rate of
reaction to double and if the concentration is zero I would expect the rate of reaction to be zero.
Investigation on reacting sodium thiosulphate with hydrochloric acid. The Hydrochloric acid is
added and the stopwatch is started. Then, we put 5 cm 3 of hydrochloric acid in a beaker, and then
put the beaker on the black cross on the paper. Graphs one and two relate to the first table of results
and graph three and four relates to the second table. However, in the third conical flask, when we
halved the concentration of sodium thiosulphate, we can see that the rate of reaction halves aswell. I
am going to do two experiments, one changing the temperature and one changing the concentration
of the sodium thiosulphate. When the substances need to be heated, they will be put in separate test
tubes and heated in a beaker of water. Secondly the rate equation and the constant k changes when
the temperature of the reaction changes. I decided to carry it out at three different concentrations. I
justified my prediction and gained the results expected. Although it is not exact, we can generalise
the trend, to say that as we increase the concentration of sodium thiosulphate by a certain amount
(i.e. 0.025M), the rate of reaction also increases by a certain amount (i.e. 0.006). Overall, this
decreases the rate of reaction because it takes longer for the mixture as a whole to react fully,
because of the extra time it takes for the molecules to collide with each other. This method is
repeated until all the required results are recorded for the varied concentrations. I will keep this
variable constant so that it does not affect the results by avoiding heating the sodium thiosulphate in
any way, and so it will stay at room temperature. This may have been caused because of the bunson
burner heating the room up every time I did the experiment at room temperature it would be
different. Kinetics Study on the Reaction between Sodium Thiosulphate and. I will be using water in
both of the experiments, as it seems to slow down the reaction rates, which allows for more accurate
results. There are several ways in which you can make the particle move quicker. Investigating the
rate of chemical reaction between sodium thiosulphate sol. Also I will be the only person looking at
the cross. Need coursework for rate of reaction between sodium thiosulfate. The size of this
activation energy is different for different reactions. The only problems I encountered during this
experiment were that some of the results I produced didn’t agree with the others. This can be
justified by relating to the collision theory. I will use the same standard each time for judging when
the X has disappeared. A powder has the largest surface area and will have the fastest rate of
reaction. By putting more particles into the reaction, the chance of them colliding increases and so
the rate of reaction increases. Three tests were managed each time but if one had been wrong this
could have severely changed the average time and therefore rate of reaction. The reacting particles
gather on the catalyst surface and collide more frequently with each other. However, I do not have
enough information on the subject to be able to make a quantitative prediction at this time.
The minimum energy required to break the bonds is called the activation energy. The rate graph has
three curves which differentiates the three orders the following three graphs show the three curves.
We decided that we would change the concentration of one solution and not investigate the effect
of temperature on the rate of reaction. The amount of HCl will remain constant at 10 cm 3. Firstly,
the experiment will be done with the substances in cold water then at room temperature. It is quickly
removed from the tripod and placed on the 'X’ marked paper. Firstly, to arrive at a mean time, more
data should be collected for each point plotted on the graph. As a result of this I excluded them
when calculating the average and repeated that set of results. As the experiments reaction rate is so
fast, 40cm 3 of water was added along with the two chemicals to slow it down. I predict that as
concentration is doubled the amount of time taken for the reaction is halved. The preliminary work
has also highlight the importance of measuring the liquid out accurately and starting and stopping
the stopwatch at exactly the right moment. So I need to make sure the room temperature is the same
for every experiment. I will keep this variable constant so that it does not affect the results by
avoiding heating the sodium thiosulphate in any way, and so it will stay at room temperature. If the
cross is changed and it is lighter then obviously the time would decrease as it would be easier for the
reaction to cover. The mixture of water and Sodium Thiosulphate is added to the beaker along with a
thermometer. However, looking at the graph, I can see that there is a result that do not follow the
general trend, and show a higher rate of reaction than would be expected at that point. The effect of
temperature on reaction rate - Royal Society of Chemistry. I have learnt to be more accurate with
experiments and plan them out carefully thinking about every aspect. Therefore the units would be
moles per litre per second (mol 1-1 s-1). Higher tech equipment should be used for more accurate
results as well as one person performing the experiment to understand the experiment completely.
Experiment to investigate the rates of reaction between sodium thiosulphate. I will also use different
measuring cylinders for them both because the reaction will start to take place too soon. In most
cases, the catalyst is used to make a reaction go faster. The method is repeated for the varied
concentrations of water and sodium thiosulphate solution, keeping the concentration of Hydrochloric
Acid constant. Temperature, concentration, pressure of reacting gases, surface area of reacting solids
and the use of catalysts are all factors which affect the rate of reaction. It may have even been
because we did not clean the apparatus properly. It is most likely caused by the experiments not
being timed properly. We must remember that the substances which we use in this experiment can be
very harmful if used the wrong way. The pattern clearly seems to be, that as the concentration of
sodium thiosulphate increases by 0.025M, the rate of reaction increases by 0.006. This shows that not
only are the results accurate, but it also justifies my prediction. There are several ways in which you
can make the particle move quicker.
The amount of Na 2 S 2 O 3 and HCl being put into the beaker will only need to be quite a small
amount. Various tangents could be found on the graph and then we can calculate and plot the rate
against concentration graph to find the order. As the concentration of sodium thiosulphate is
increased, then the rate of reaction increases also. However, I do not have enough information on the
subject to be able to make a quantitative prediction at this time. I will change the amount of Sodium
Thiosulphate from 50cm 3 and decrease each time by 5cm 3 and increase the amount of water to
investigate whether. My results showed that as the concentration of sodium thiosulphate increases,
the rate of reaction increases, thus causing the average time it takes for the solution to go opaque,
decrease. The small measuring cylinder is used to measure out 5cm 3 of hydrochloric acid into the
test-tube. This means that the particles will again collide more frequently with each other and the rate
of reaction will increase. If the volume is different, then it could give different results to if it was at a
constant volume. Rates of reaction between Sodium Thiosulphate and Hydrochloric Acid. Rate of
Reaction - Sodium Thiosulphate and Hydrochloric Acid. There might be too much traffic or a
configuration error. The things that affect the rate of reaction are as follows. The beaker is placed
over the gauze on top of the tripod, which is placed on a heatproof mat. There are three ways I can
speed up the reaction, these are. Luckily from my results I have been able to decide which variables I
am going to test in my final investigation. Two burettes will be filled, one with water and the other
with sodium thiosulphate solution. Rate of Reaction - Sodium Thiosulphate and Hydrochloric Acid.
The minimum energy required to break the bonds is called the activation energy. Firstly, my results
give conclusive evidence that as the amount of Sodium Thiosulphate decreases and the amount of
water in the solution there are less atoms to collide and therefore less successful collisions causing
chemical change so the reaction rate is slower. This in turn could affect the results because if the
cross is seen more easily, if it was drawn with a thick marker, our measurement of how long the
reaction took to complete would be longer and so the rate of reaction would seem slower. The
method is repeated for the varied concentrations of water and sodium thiosulphate solution, keeping
the concentration of Hydrochloric Acid constant. The more concentrated the hydrochloric acid, the
faster the reaction will be, because there will be more particles in the same volume. This increases the
chance of reactant particles colliding with each other and therefore increases the reaction rate. The
average time it took for the solution to opaque, at 0.050M was 95 seconds. It took 179 seconds for
the cross to disappear at 0.025M concentration of sodium thiosulphate. If there are a higher number
of collisions, the reaction will not only go faster, but the rate of reaction will be much higher. If the
cross is changed and it is lighter then obviously the time would decrease as it would be easier for the
reaction to cover. Temperature, concentration, pressure of reacting gases, surface area of reacting
solids and the use of catalysts are all factors which affect the rate of reaction. Rate of Reaction
between Hydrochloric Acid and Sodium Thiosulphate. Although there are a number of ways in
which we could have made the results more reliable.