THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GRADE 12 SHS STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC

PERFORMANCE AND THEIR TIME MANAGEMENT DURING

THIS NEW NORMAL EDUCATION

By:

Luay, Gabriel Francis Vincent B.

Pag-ong, Karl John G.

Sillar, Clyde Vincent E.

March, 2021
 CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

Background and Rationale

Time management is extremely important, especially when it comes to students because it will

boost their grades and enhance their productivity. However most of the time students face problems like

task aversion and uncertainty, so they start to procrastinate because they lack organizational skills. As a

result, students will not be able to organize duties according to their priorities, so they get distracted

easily, ending up procrastinating. As we can see time management is quite essential to many students, and

it is one of the keys to a higher GPA (Abdulla Almomani, 2014). Effective time management is

associated with greater academic performance and lower levels of anxiety in students; however many

students find it hard to find a balance between their studies and their day-to-day lives (Richelle V. Adams,

Eric Blair, 2019).

As we can observe our situation nowadays, it is far from what our situation is before this

pandemic. We are now dealing with problems that cannot be addressed normally like we did before. The

problems and challenges we faced before are now improved and amplified by this pandemic.

The wide spread of Corona virus throughout the world has altered so many factors in the human

society. It has changed our way of socializing, fitness, communication, and our overall way of living. The

most affected factor of living in today’s world is our Education and our way of surpassing it. Hence, the

Government and the Department of Education had proposed a plan and is now being implemented

throughout different countries around the world.

The implementation of Distance Learning during this pandemic pave way of providing the

students with the quality education they need and the benefit of filling the gap between students and their
capacity to learn. However, this so-called Distance Learning had also proposed a conflict in which the

students meet when it comes to the means of gadget and the internet connection. Online class in particular

are the ones who encounter problems like having a poor-quality gadget and a weak internet connection,

but these problems are also present in students of modular classes.

And because of this New Normal Education during this Covid-19 pandemic, students’

way of learning was altered because of the consequences brought by this pandemic. It also

affects every students’ Academic Performance for their time is divided in doing several tasks

aside from learning. Some students can manage to finish their academic tasks or modules and

manage to finish their household chores as well. However, some students couldn’t just keep up

because they find this new normal education as difficult, hence, it requires most of their time

answering or completing their modules, thus affects their time management. Time management

is a very important ability ones should possess in order to achieve ones desired end, especially

during this new normal education.

According to Revenio Jalagat (2017) time management is by all means in all aspects in

our lives. Whether in individual capacities or in business and organizations, use and management

of time is equally important. As applied to educational setting, time is precious to students,

teachers, heads and institution as a whole.

This study aims to know the relationship between Grade 12 students’ Academic

Performance and their Time management during this New Normal Education by determining the

different factors that affects their time management and their way of learning. In addition, this

study discusses ways to make students more productive and organized to lead them to a better

version of their selves.

Statement of the Problem

Objective of the study:

The purpose of this study is to know the relationship of students’ Academic Performance

and their Time Management during this New Normal Education.

Specifically, this study seeks to answer the following questions:

1. What are the socio-demographic of Grade 12 students?

1.1 Name

1.2 Age

1.3 Gender

1.4 Grade and Section

1.5 Address

2. What are the factors affecting the students’ academic performance?

3. What are the factors affecting the students’ time management?

4. What is the significant relationship between students’ academic performance and their time

management?

5. What is the significance of the students’ socio-demographic info to the study?

Framework of the Study

Conceptual Framework.
 The study is anchored on the relationship between grade 12 students’ academic

performance and their time management during this new normal education of Calubian National

High School (CNHS), Calubian, Leyte S.Y. 2020-2021.

The researchers selected the Grade 12 students of CNHS as respondents of the study.

They’ll be given a standardized survey questionnaire that will indicate whether there is a

significant relationship between their academic performance and their time management by

completing the given standardized survey questionnaire. Afterwards, the researcher will evaluate

the gathered data.

Figure 1.

Grade 12 SHS Students

Standardized Survey Questionnaire

The Relationship between Grade 12 SHS Students' Academic

Performance and their Time Management during this New Normal
Education

Scope and Delimitation of the study

 This study aims to determine the significant relationship between Grade 12 SHS

Students’ Academic Performance and their Time Management during this New Normal

Education of CNHS, Calubian, Leyte S.Y. 2020-2021.

The respondents will be given a standardized survey questioner through messenger poll

to gather relevant data. The test will be conducted through a group chat in the messenger app due

to our current situation and to avoid risks.

Significance of the Study

This study is believed to benefit the following personalities and entities:

School heads. Through this study the school heads could conduct a program involving

ways to properly manage ones time in order for him/her to be more productive and to improve

ones academic performance.

Teachers. This study will promote awareness to the teachers of what causes the students’

low academic performance and poor time management so that the teacher knows how to address

or to guide students who are poor time manager and who have a low academic performance.

Students. Within this study, the students will be able to recognize the error of their ways

and hopefully they’ll understand the importance of time management and a good academic

performance.

Parents. Like the teachers, the parents will also be aware of the consequences of having a

low academic performance and poor time management. Therefore, they’ll be more cautious in

disciplining their children.

 Future Researchers. This study will also benefit our fellow researchers for they can make

this study as their guide and to gain more information and wisdom in finishing their study as

well.

Definition of Terms

Academic Performance – according to the BP dictionary, Academic performance is the

measurement of achievement across various academic subjects. Teachers and education officials

typically measure achievement using classroom performance, graduation rates and results from

standardized tests.

Anxiety – according to Healthline, anxiety is your body’s natural response to stress. It’s a

feeling fear and apprehension about what’s to come.

Communication – according to the English dictionary, communication is the imparting or

exchange of information or news, it is a means of sending or receiving information.

New Normal Education – according to the New Normal in basic Education, new normal

education refers to a modality where learning takes place between the teacher and the learners

who are geographically remote from each other during instruction. This modality has three types,

namely: Modular Distance Learning, Online Distance Learning and Television/Radio-Based

instruction.

Procrastination – according to Wikipedia, Procrastination is the action of delaying or

postponing something. According to Merriam-Webster, procrastination is to be slow or late

about doing something that should be done.

 Socialization – according to the English dictionary, socialization is the activity of mixing

socially with others and it is the process of learning to behave in a way that is acceptable.

Time Management – according to Google, time management is the process of organizing

and planning how to divide your time between specific activities. Good time management

enables you to work smart not hard so that you get more done in less time.
 CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter presents the research findings related to the students’ academic performance

& and the factors which affects it, factors affecting the students’ time management, and how they

were addressed. The review of this related literature has a significant contribution to the present

study and will serve as the basis for the analysis and interpretation of data.

In a study of college students’ time management: Correlation with academic performance

and stress by Macan, T.H., Shahani, C. Dipboye, R. L., & Phillips, A. R. (1990), suggest that

students who perceived control of their time reported significantly greater evaluations of their

performance, greater work and life satisfaction, less role ambiguity, less role overload, and fewer

job included and somatic tensions. The findings are consistent with theory and advice on time

management (e.g., R. S. Schuler; 1979) but also indicate that the dynamics of time management

are more complex than previously believed. (PsyncINFO Database Record © 2016 APA, all

rights reserved).

A prospective study by Britton, B. k., & Tesser, A. (1991) tested the hypothesis that

college grade point average (GPA) would be predicted by time-management practices. 90

college students completed a time-management questionnaire in 1983; their high school

Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) scores were obtained from college records. It is concluded that

time-management practices may influence college achievement. (APA PsycInfo Database

Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)

In a study conducted by Mark Trueman, James Heartly (1996). Time management skills

are acknowledged to be important but there has been little actual research on this topic with
students in this study they examined the scores obtained from 293 first-year students of

psychology on a British version of an America time-management scale. Their analysis indicated

that women students in general reported greater time-management skills that did men students,

and that their older mature students reported significantly better time-management skills than did

the other two groups. Academic Performance, however, was only modesty predicted by age and

scores on one component of time-management scale.

The competitive environment we live in today encourages people from as early as their

elementary education to plan and manage time effectively. The high performance required by

competitive conditions forces organizations and directors to use time effectively and stipulates

the search to control time (Alay & Koçak, 2003).

Abusakar (2003) conducted a study which aimed at finding obstacles of time

management and decision-making to the education departments of government schools in the

West Bank, Palestine through detecting the obstacle of time management and decision-making to

the education departments of government secondary schools and developing suitable suggestions

to reduce them. The researcher has used the descriptive approach in his study in the collection of

information and data, the study results showed that obstacles of time management relate directly

to the obstacles of planning in addition to the shortage of resources and the retardation of

scholastic service in the next year.

Kimlglo & filz (2008) conducted a study which aimed at studying the relation between

academic achievement skills in Education College at Ghazi University in turkey. The study

results also showed the student’s behavior in the field of planning time was at high level, in the

area of wasting time it was at its low. It also showed the existence of significant positive

relationship between planning time and wasting time and between the academic achievements of
students and there is a meaningful relationship between the medium time management and

academic achievement as well.

Time is not a kind of source which people can increase by working hard. The aim of time

management is to increase the quality of the activities performed in a limited time. The students

should start to acquire time management senses on their own in their primary school years by

reading materials on the issue or via the framework of psychological counseling and guidance

studies applied in schools, and adapt effective time management attitudes and techniques to

determine how and where they spend time. (Abdurrahman Tanriögen, Seher Işcan, 2009).

The capacity of applying time management skill, is an important factor in academic and

non-academic achievements. This study was performed to investigate the relationship between

time management and academic achievement of master and bachelor students of Shiraz

University of Medical Science (Parviz Saketi, Ali Taheri, 2010). In which they concluded that

the difference observed in time management skill was corresponding to differences in academic

achievement scores. Therefore, it could be concluded that the students’ academic achievement is

roughly related to time management and its application in academic life. It is recommended to

plan for students training on time management skills in order to enhance their accomplishments.

Time management is very important and it may actually affect individual's overall

performance and achievements. However, all of these are related by how individuals manage

their time to suit their daily living or to make it flow steadily with their routines. Conducive

settings and environment will surely promote positive outcomes to the students, besides having

good lectures given by their teachers. Nevertheless, students' time management can be

considered as one of the aspects that can move a student to be a good student. A good time

management is vital for students to shine. However, some of the students do not have a good
time management skill that has negatively affect their life and their academics. The usage of time

by students in higher education institutions is related to their daily routines and activities.

Students' time management can also affect stress level of students as they need to cope with their

tasks and their personal achievements. In this regard, the data was collected from the students of

Qurtuba University of Science and Technology to analyze that how effectively they are

managing their time for achieving their academic standards. (Muhammad Saqib Khan 2015).

A study by Alrheme and Almardeni (2014) aimed at identifying students’ viewpoint

about how to time in terms of planning, organizing, directing and censorship and its effect on

academic achievements as long as identifying the personal variables effects on academic

achievement. The data was collected through a sample of 300 students. The study results showed

that planning was high was of high effect on academic achievement proved by a correlation

coefficient. And that there is a statistically significant positive relationship between time

management and academic achievement. (Maysoon Al-Zoubi, 2016)

According to Marubini Harry Mukwevho (2018) many students find learning

environment overwhelming especially when they enter higher institution of learning for the first

time. Time management plays an important role in students’ academic life. The students struggle

in the absence of mentors, supervisors such as parents, family, and teachers. Therefore, he

concluded that there is a serious lack of time management on the part of students. Work overload

and stress made it difficult to address tasks adequately, and hence their poor academic

achievements. The challenges faced by the undergraduates at institutions of higher learning are

many and varied. Students with poor time management avoid working because of ill-discipline.

They see academic work as boring and prefer fun more than the rigours involved in studying.
 On the other hand, students are familiar with time management and its effects on

academic performance but fail to apply it. This correlates with Kamir and Mitra (1025) who

indicates that students who practice time management take responsibility for their academic

work. They usually complete important tasks first, which gives them more time to indulge in

leisure time. (Mabini Harry Mukwevho, 2018)

Time is a valuable resource which is limited to the learning activity. Time management is

one of the major challenges that students face at tertiary institutions and this has a bearing on

their academic performance and social life. According to Kaushar (2013), poor time management

and lack of organizing skills start at the secondary level. Learners are taught everything by the

teacher including supervisions of work, whereas at university or college, students take

responsibility for their tasks. (Mabini Harry Mukwevho, 2018).

The said literature and studies above showed some evidence that a student’s time

management skills really do affects his/her academic performance. Students who have better

time management skills tend to perform well in his/her studies while students who have poor

time management skills does the opposite because they lack organization and other factors such

as their environment and family issues may contribute to the issue of students’ poor time

management skills.
 CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

The future study on “the relationship between the grade 12 SHS students’ academic

performance during this new normal education and their time management” was conducted at

home due to the Covid-19 pandemic. The materials and methods used to carry out the study are

presented under the following subheadings.

Research Design

This study will use thematic analysis. According to M. H. Mukwevho (2018), this study

should follow a thematic analysis where data reduction was used in identifying themes.

According to Mukwevho, the participants had to describe how and why they were unable to

manage academic performance and time management effectively.

Respondents of the Study

The researchers will use simple random sampling technique specifically fishbowl method

to select the respondents.

The researchers used Slovvin’s Formula to get the total number of respondents which 190

in the sample population of 360 grade 12 SHS students of Calubian National High School

Calubian, Leyte. The respondents per class will be identified by random selection of their names

trough fishbowl method.

Research Locale

The researchers will administer the test through messenger to avoid the risk of going

outside and to disobey the lockdown protocols.

Sampling Technique

The researchers will get the complete list if grade 12 SHS students through messaging the

advisers of each class via messenger due to the Covid-19 pandemic. The researchers will get the

total number of populations of grade 12 SHS students and they will use fishbowl method to

randomly select their respondents.

Procedure of Data Gathering

The researcher will ask permission to class advisers of grade 12 SHS students of getting

the total number of their students per class. The researcher gets the number of respondents by

using Slovin’s Formula. The number of students is divided by one plus the total number of

students multiplied by margin of error that is raised to two.

Statistical Symbol:

(N)- Number of students

(e)- Margin of error

(1)- Constant variable

Below is the formula used to get the total number of respondents

N
n= 2
1+ Ne
 Next, the researchers will secure prior approval of the permissions sent to the advisers of

every class. Consent letters will be given to the grade 12 SHS students as well as to their

respective advisers to conduct a survey. The researcher will conduct the survey during the

students’ free time at home and will be guided throughout the period of the survey.

The data gathering procedures will be applied after all the necessary steps and procedures

were followed. The questionnaire will consist of 10 item question regarding to the relationship of

students’ academic performance and their time management.

Before the researchers conducts the survey, they will first orient the selected respondents

on how to answer the questions, then the researcher will make sure that all personal information

such as name, age, etc. will be kept with confidentiality.

Research Instrumentation

To measure the relation of students’ academic performance and their time management,

the researcher will bare to the results of the survey on the messenger poll which consist of 10

questions that will be answered by the selected respondents.

Statistical Treatment of Data

The data on the relationship between grade 12 SHS students’ academic performance and

their time management will be collected by using the standardized survey questionnaire. To

analize the data the summarization of scores in every items is done through the division of the

number of respondents (n= 360), where (n) is the sample size. Then multiplied by 100 to get the

percentage.

Below is the formula to get the percentage.

 nx
Formula: PERCENTAGE= . 100 where X= raw scores n= sample size
1!