Name: Maurice Jake Calubia

1. Enumerate: 8 CLASSIFICATION OF QUESTIONED DOCUMENT and explain

them.

Handwriting analysis: The examination of handwriting to determine the authenticity of

a document or the identity of the writer.

Typewritten documents: Analysis of documents produced using typewriters to

establish their authenticity or detect tampering.

Printed documents: Evaluation of printed materials, such as newspapers, magazines,

or brochures, to determine their authenticity or detect alterations.

Signatures: Examination of signatures to determine their authenticity or identify the

individual who produced them.

Alterations: Identification of any changes or tampering with a document to assess its

authenticity or detect fraud.

Indentations: Analysis of impressions or indentations on a document to reveal hidden

writing or information, such as from the sheet of paper underneath.

Ink analysis: Study of the ink used in a document to determine its age, composition, or

authenticity.

Paper analysis: Examination of the physical characteristics of the paper used in a

document, such as its type, watermark, or composition, to determine its authenticity or

date of creation.
2. Enumerate the Types of Handwriting and include an exemplar for each type

including a concise description.

Cursive Writing:

Exemplar: "I love writing in cursive."

Description: Cursive writing is a flowing, connected style of handwriting where the letters

are joined together. It is often used in formal writing, such as in signatures, invitations, and

personal correspondence.1. Print Writing

Exemplar: "I am learning to write in print."

Description: Print writing is the most common type of handwriting, where each letter is

formed separately and distinctly. It is typically used by children as they learn to write, as well

as in everyday note-taking and correspondence.

Italic Writing:

Exemplar: "Italic writing gives my notes a stylish touch."

Description: Italic writing is a slanted and elegant style of handwriting, with letters that are

slightly stylized and connected. It is commonly used for decorative purposes and in

calligraphy.

Gothic Writing:

Exemplar: "The medieval manuscript is written in gothic script."

Description: Gothic writing is a traditional and decorative style characterized by highly

embellished letters and flourishes. It is often used for formal documents, special occasions,

and historical reenactments.

3. Describe the Kinds of classification and their definitions (alterations, erasures,

obliteration).

Alteration:

alteration refers to the act of changing or modifying a written document. This often involves

deliberately changing the content of a document, such as adding, removing, or changing

words, numbers, or other information. Alterations can be made using different methods,

including the use of different inks or writing instruments, erasures, or obliteration techniques

to conceal the changes.

Erasures:

Erasures refer to the act of removing written information from a document using an eraser

or another form of abrasion. This can be done to conceal or modify the original content of

the document. Forensic examiners can analyze erasures to determine if any hidden or

altered information can be recovered through various techniques.

Obliteration:

Obliteration involves attempts to completely obscure or cover up existing writing on a

document, rendering it unreadable. This can be done through methods such as overwriting

with ink or using opaque substances to mask the original content. Forensic analysis can

sometimes recover obliterated information to uncover the original content of the document.