4.1.a True.

4.1.b False.

4.1.C True.

4.1.d False.

4.1.e True.

4.2.a True.

4.2.b True.

4.2.C False.

4.2.d False! Hint. What if all the students were not intelligent?

4.2.e True.

4.2.f True.

4.2.g False.

4.2.h True.

4.2.i False.

4.2.j True.

4.2.k False.

4.3.a Sufficient condition.

4.3.b Necessary condition.

4.4.a Exclusive but not exhaustive. Inflation can remain stable.

4.4.b Exclusive but not exhaustive.

4.4.C Assuming it is possible to be both happy and sad (about different things) at the same
time, they are neither exclusive nor exhaustive.

4.5.a Choice 2.

4.5.b Choice 5. We are not told what their starting salaries were.

4.5.C Choice 3. Elia ate 4 and Maddalena ate 2.

4.6 The argument starts with the claim that studying is necessary for passing, and mistakenly
infers that it is sufficient for passing