BANGALORE SAHODAYA SCHOOLS COMPLEX ASSOCIATION

Sahodaya Examination
Pre-Board Examination–2023-2024
2023-24

Subject : Social science

Set- 1

Answer key

Q. no Key Answer Marks

1 b) A- Non- Food crop; B- Above 25°C 1

2 b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not 1

the correct explanation of Assertion
3 b) B, C & D 1

4 c) Because Kerala has very high female literacy rate and 1

adequate health facilities are avail-able for both mothers
and children
5 c) The Frankfurt Parliament in the church of St. Paul 1

6 a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation 1

of A / (b) can also be accepted.
7 c) printing of books had the potential to bring an end to 1
despotism

8 d) Primary sector and especially unorganised 1

9 d)Both I and II are correct 1

10 a) - (A)–(iv); (B)–(i); (C)–(ii); (D)–(iii) 1

11 a) (iii), (i), (ii), (iv) 1

12 a) Most societies across the world historically Female 1

dominated societies.

13 d) establishing a power-sharing arrangement where both 1

communities have a role in decision making.
14 b) Chennai 1

15 c) Terms of credit 1

16 a) Availability of cheap skilled and unskilled labour 1

17 b) I , III, IV 1

18 a) In an accountable government, people have the right to 1

elect the leaders to form government and if possible, they
participate in the decision making process.

19 a) NSSO—National Sample Survey Organisation 1

20 b) Patriarchal movement 1

21 Advantages of Converting Agricultural Land into a 2

Commercial and Residential Complex:
1. Economic Growth: The development can
stimulate economic growth by attracting
investments, creating job opportunities, and
contributing to the local economy.
2. Improved Infrastructure: The conversion may
lead to improved infrastructure in the area,
including better roads, utilities, and public
amenities, benefiting both new residents and
existing communities.
Disadvantages of Converting Agricultural Land into a
Commercial and Residential Complex:
1. Loss of Agricultural Productivity: The
conversion may lead to the loss of fertile
agricultural land, impacting local food production
and self-sustainability.
2. Environmental Impact: Urbanization can result
in environmental issues such as increased
pollution, deforestation, and loss of biodiversity,
affecting the local ecosystem.
(one point for each to be considered)
22  Food offers many examples of long-distance 2
cultural exchange. Traders and travellers
introduced new crops and foods to the lands they
travelled.
 Crops such as Potatoes, soya, groundnuts, maize,
tomatoes, chillies, sweet potatoes were not of
indigenous origin until about five century ago.
These crops were introduced by Christopher
Columbus.
 Spaghetti and noodles. It is believed that noodles
travelled west from china to become spaghetti.
Perhaps Arab traders took pasta to fifth century
Sicily an island in Italy. Similar foods were also
known in India and Japan.so the truth about their
origin is never known. Such guesswork suggest
the possibilities of long distance cultural contact
even in the premodern world.

23 Democracy represents the will of the common people, but 2

when the power is concentrated in a particular hand in a
democratic government, this individual outlasts the will
of the common people.
24  Everyone has good ideas, and it's fair when 2
everyone gets a chance to share and help.
  They can learn from each other and make things
even better!
25 a. 2+1
 The tea plant grows well in tropical and sub-
tropical climates endowed with deep and fertile
well-drained soil, rich in humus and organic
matter.
 Tea bushes require warm and moist frost-free
climate all through the year. Frequent showers
evenly distributed over the year ensure continuous
growth of tender leaves.
b.
 Increased Temperature: Rising temperatures
may lead to accelerated leaf growth, potentially
affecting the traditional plucking schedules and
impacting the flavour profile of Assam tea.
 Erratic Rainfall: Changes in rainfall patterns
could affect irrigation and water availability,
influencing the size and quality of tea leaves, and
potentially reducing yield.
(any one point)

26 1. Appreciation: 3
 Luther might appreciate the
democratization of information in the
digital age, akin to the role of the printing
press in his time.
 Both technologies enable widespread
dissemination, allowing diverse voices to
contribute to religious discourse.
2. Distinct Characteristics of Digital Media:
 Digital tools offer instant global
connectivity, surpassing the limitations of
physical printing and enabling real-time
interactions.
 Social media platforms provide a dynamic
space for diverse perspectives, fostering a
more immediate and interactive exchange
of ideas.
3. Challenges and Opportunities:
 Luther might recognize the challenges of
managing information overload and
potential misuse in the digital realm.
 However, the instantaneous nature of
online communication presents unique
opportunities for fostering dialogue and
understanding on a global scale.
4. Reassessment of Technology and Faith:
 Luther's perspective on the ultimate gift of
God might prompt a reassessment of how
 modern communication tools intersect
with religious expression.
 The parallels and distinctions between the
printing press and digital media showcase
the evolving dynamics of technology's
impact on the dissemination of religious
ideas.
(Any 3 points to be considered)
27  The nature of democratic politics of the country 3
 It has made administration easier
 Linguistic Reorganization:
One of the significant milestones was the
linguistic reorganization of states in 1956. This
process aimed at creating states based on
linguistic and cultural affinities, acknowledging
the importance of language as a crucial identity
marker.
 The formation of states like Andhra Pradesh,
Maharashtra, Gujarat, etc., based on linguistic
considerations, helped address linguistic diversity
and foster a sense of linguistic identity among the
people.
 Some states were created to recognise difference
of culture, ethnicity and geography. E.g Nagaland,
Jharkhand and uttarkhand.
28 Final goods Intermediate goods 3
1. These goods are used 1. These goods are meant
for final consumption for further production
2. Final goods are 2. These goods are not
included in GDP include in GDP to avoid
3. Example furniture and the problem of double
machines counting
3. ex : Wood is an
intermediate good in the
manufacture of furniture.
29 1. Economic Independence: The SHGs within the 3
"Freedom Collectives" provided a platform for
women to engage in various economic activities.
Members gained financial independence through
initiatives such as microfinance, skill
development, and entrepreneurial ventures.
2. Decision-Making Autonomy: Empowering
women to make independent decisions was a
hallmark of the SHGs. The members actively
participated in determining the direction of
economic projects, choosing avenues for skill
development, and deciding on community
initiatives.
 3. Social Empowerment: Beyond economic
aspects, the "Freedom Collectives" played a
pivotal role in social empowerment. Women, who
were once confined to traditional roles, became
leaders within their communities, challenging
social norms and stereotypes.
Contribution to Community Development:
1. Collective Community Initiatives: The
autonomy of SHGs extended to collective
community initiatives. The "Freedom Collectives"
spearheaded projects that addressed communal
needs, such as healthcare awareness campaigns,
educational programs, and environmental
sustainability projects.
2. Resilience Building: The spirit of independence
cultivated within the SHGs contributed to the
resilience of the community. Through diversified
economic activities and a supportive network,
community members were better equipped to face
challenges, ensuring sustained growth and
progress.
3. Knowledge Sharing and Skill Transfer: The
SHGs became knowledge-sharing hubs where
skills and expertise were transferred among
members. This not only elevated the economic
status of individuals but also created a pool of
knowledge that benefited the entire community.
.

30 Reasons for the growth of nationalist tension in Balkan 5

region: (i) The Balkan was a region of geographical and
ethnic variations comprising of modern-day Romania,
Bulgaria, Albania, Greece, Macedonia, Croatia, Bosnia-
Herzegovina, Slovenia, Serbia and Montenegro. The
inhabitants were called Slavs.
(ii) The spread of romantic nationalism lead to its
disintegration.
(iii)Different Slavic nationalities struggled to define their
identity.
(iv)Balkan region became a region of intense conflict over
expansion of territory.
(v) At the same time, the great European Powers –Russia,
Germany, England and Austria Hungary were keen on
taking the control of the Balkan region, since it was
important from trade point of view.
(vi)This led to the series of wars in the region and finally
became the cause of the First World War.

OR
 The first clear-cut expression of nationalism came with the
French Revolution in 1789. In 1789, France was under the
rule of an absolute monarch. — When the revolutionaries
came to power in France, they were determined to create a
new sense of unity and nationhood. For this, they
emphasized the concept of France being the father land (La
Patrie) for all French people, who were from now on
addressed as citizens (citoyen). They were given the tri-
colour flag, the three colours representing liberty, equality
and fraternity. French revolutionaries introduced various
other measures such as:
(i) The Estate General was elected by the body of active
citizens and renamed the National Assembly.
(ii) New hymns were composed, oaths taken and martyrs
commemorated all in the name of the nation.
(iii) A centralized administrative system was put in place
and it formulated uniform laws for all citizens within its
territory.
(iv) Internal customs, duties and dues were abolished, and
a uniform system of weights and measures was adopted.
(v) Regional dialects were discouraged and French, as it
was spoken and written in Paris, became the common
language of the nation.
(vi) They further declared that it was the mission and the
destiny of the French nation to liberate the people of
Europe from despotism and help them to become nations.
31 1. Challenges Faced by Maria: 2+2+1
 Income Uncertainty: Maria experiences
unpredictable earnings as a street vendor,
making it challenging to plan and save for
the future.
 Lack of Social Security: As a worker in
the unorganized sector, Maria likely lacks
access to social security benefits such as
health insurance, pension, and
unemployment benefits.
2. Impact of Absence of Social Security on Maria:
 Well-being and Financial Stability: The
absence of social security benefits leaves
Maria vulnerable to financial instability in
times of illness or economic downturns.
For instance, if Maria falls ill and cannot
work for a few days, she might face
difficulties covering medical expenses or
meeting her basic needs.
3. Community-Based Initiative:
 Formation of Workers' Collective:
Encouraging Street vendors in the
community to form a cooperative or
 collective. This initiative can enable them
to pool resources, negotiate better terms
with suppliers, and collectively invest in
social security measures, such as group
insurance or a common fund for
emergencies.
OR

 Strategic Product Development: The community

can diversify tourism offerings beyond traditional
attractions. By introducing cultural experiences,
eco-tourism initiatives, and adventure activities,
Serenity Bay can attract a broader range of
visitors, creating additional employment
opportunities and reducing the strain on specific
attractions.
 Empowering Local Businesses: Encouraging the
growth of local businesses by promoting
partnerships with tourism-related enterprises. This
could involve supporting local artisans,
restaurants, and services, ensuring that the
economic benefits of tourism are distributed
across the community and fostering a sense of
ownership.
 Balancing Growth with Conservation:
Implementing strict environmental preservation
measures to protect the town's natural beauty. This
includes responsible waste management,
sustainable construction practices, and initiatives
to educate tourists about eco-friendly behavior.
Sustainable tourism practices will contribute to
long-term attractiveness and well-being.

 Investing in Human Capital: Establishing training

programs to enhance the skills of the local
workforce in areas such as hospitality, guiding,
and cultural exchange. This ensures that the
community is equipped to meet the demands of
the tourism industry, creating employment with a
focus on quality service.
 Inclusive Planning and Governance: Establishing
community forums and participatory decision-
making processes that involve residents in shaping
the town's tourism strategy. This ensures that the
community's unique identity is preserved, and
residents have a say in how tourism is developed
and managed.

32 1. Community Engagement and Advocacy: 5

  Empower the Community: The
townspeople should organize community
forums and engage in open dialogues with
the mining company and regulatory
bodies. By fostering a sense of
empowerment, the community can express
concerns, share experiences, and actively
participate in decision-making processes
related to mining operations.
2. Implementing Rigorous Safety Measures:
 Enhance Worker Safety Protocols: The
mining company should prioritize the
well-being of its workforce by
implementing and enforcing stringent
safety protocols. This includes
comprehensive training programs, the
provision of advanced personal protective
equipment, and regular health check-ups to
detect and address any occupational health
issues promptly.
3. Adopting Sustainable Mining Practices:
 Transition to Responsible Mining: The
mining company should explore and adopt
sustainable mining practices that minimize
environmental degradation. This involves
investing in technologies for efficient
resource extraction, implementing
reforestation programs to counter
deforestation, and incorporating advanced
water treatment processes to mitigate
pollution.
4. Strengthening Regulatory Oversight:
 Enforce Stringent Regulations: Regulatory
bodies must strengthen and strictly enforce
mining regulations. Regular inspections,
audits, and a proactive approach to
identifying and penalizing non-compliance
are crucial. Collaborating with
environmental experts and community
representatives can enhance the
effectiveness of regulatory oversight.
5. Investing in Community Development:
 Diversify Local Economies: To reduce
dependency on the mining industry, the
community and the mining company
should collaborate on initiatives to
diversify the local economy. This may
involve investing in alternative livelihood
projects, such as eco-tourism or
sustainable agriculture, that contribute to
 the community's economic stability while
minimizing the impact on the
environment.
OR

 Initiating Education Programs: Launching

programs within the village that raise awareness
about the advantages of non-conventional energy
sources. Conducting educational sessions and
workshops to empower residents with knowledge
about renewable energy and its potential benefits.
 Encouraging Grassroots Initiatives: Fostering
collaborative projects at the local level that utilize
renewable energy. Supporting community-driven
efforts, such as the installation of solar panels or
wind turbines, and promoting innovation in
sustainable practices through partnerships with
local businesses.
 Engaging with Local Authorities: Advocating for
policies at the local government level that
incentivize and support the adoption of non-
conventional energy. Collaborating with local
authorities to create a regulatory environment that
encourages investment in renewable energy
infrastructure.
 Building Community-Based Solutions: Seeking
support from governmental and non-governmental
entities to invest in sustainable infrastructure.
Initiating projects like solar-powered streetlights,
community solar grids, and the promotion of clean
cooking technologies to establish a resilient and
eco-friendly energy infrastructure.
 Encouraging Responsible Consumption:
Promoting energy-efficient practices within the
community, such as the use of energy-saving
appliances and responsible energy consumption.
Implementing measures to reduce overall energy
demand and fostering a culture of efficiency to
complement the shift to non-conventional sources.

33 Five suggestions made to reform the political parties: 5

1. Law to regulate the internal affairs of political parties
like maintaining a register of its members, to follow its
own constitution, to have independent authority, to act as
judge in case of party dispute, to hold open elections to
the highest post.
2. It should be mandatory for political parties to give one-
third tickets to women candidates. In addition, there
 should be quota for women on the decision-making
bodies of the party.
3. There should be state funding of elections. The
government should give money to parties to support their
election expenses in kind (petrol, paper, telephone, etc.)
or in cash based on votes secured by the party in the
previous election.
4. The candidate should be educated, so that he can solve
and understand people’s problems. His previous record
should be cleared. He should be honest and there should
be no criminal case against him.
5. Citizens can reform politics if they take part directly
and join political parties. People can put pressure on
political parties through petitions, publicity in media,
agitations etc.

OR

Dynastic succession is one of the most serious challenges

before the political parties because:
(i) Most political parties do not practice open and
transparent procedures for their functioning.
(ii) There are few ways for an ordinary worker to rise to
the top of a party.
(iii) In many parties, the top positions are always
controlled by members of one family.
(iv) This practice is unfair to other members of that party
and is also bad for democracy.
(v) People who do not have adequate experience or
popular support come to occupy a position of power
34 a. Effectiveness of Gandhi's Strategy of Non- 4
Cooperation for Swaraj: Gandhi's strategy of non-
cooperation was a significant component of his larger
vision for achieving swaraj, or self-rule, during the Indian
independence movement. The effectiveness of this strategy
can be analyzed in several ways:
1. Mass Participation: One of the strengths of
Gandhi's non-cooperation movement was its ability
to mobilize masses. Through non-violent
resistance, he aimed to unite people across different
communities and classes in a common struggle
against British rule.
2. Economic Impact: The non-cooperation
movement included the boycott of British goods
and institutions. This had a noticeable economic
impact, as indigenous products gained popularity,
and the demand for British goods decreased. The
economic implications put pressure on the colonial
administration.
 3. Symbolic Importance: Surrendering titles and
boycotting specific institutions were symbolic acts
that aimed at rejecting the symbols of British
authority. This symbolic resistance was crucial in
challenging the legitimacy of colonial rule.
4. Moral High Ground: Gandhi believed in the
moral force of non-violence. By adopting non-
cooperation, he sought to demonstrate the moral
superiority of the Indian people's cause, hoping to
win the sympathy of the international community.
5. Limitations: However, the effectiveness of non-
cooperation was not uniform. In some regions, it
was more successful than in others. Additionally,
its success was limited by instances of violence that
occurred during protests, which Gandhi strongly
opposed.
b. Gandhiji's Strategy of Gradual Escalation: Gandhi
advocated starting with surrendering titles and boycotting
specific institutions before escalating to full civil
disobedience for several reasons:
1. Building Mass Support: Gandhi believed in
gradually building mass support for the
independence movement. Starting with acts like
surrendering titles allowed people to participate in
the movement without immediately risking
confrontation with the authorities.
2. Testing the Waters: The initial acts of non-
cooperation served as a test of the government's
response and the willingness of the masses to
engage in civil resistance. It allowed for an
assessment of the strength of the movement.
3. Educating the Public: Gandhi used these initial
steps as a means to educate the public about the
principles of non-violence and civil disobedience.
It was a process of preparing the population for
more significant and sustained resistance.
4. Aligning with Social and Political Context: The
strategy aligned with the socio-political context of
the time. The Indian population was not uniformly
ready for a full-scale revolt. Many were cautious
and hesitant about the consequences of direct
confrontation.
5. Avoiding Repression: By beginning with
relatively low-risk actions, Gandhi aimed to
minimize the likelihood of severe government
repression. This was crucial in maintaining public
morale and support for the movement.
35 2+2
a. Jawaharlal Nehru's Proclamation: Jawaharlal Nehru
proudly proclaimed dams as the "temples of Modern
India" because he believed that these large-scale
infrastructure projects symbolized progress, economic
development, and the harnessing of natural resources for
the benefit of the nation. Dams were seen as instrumental
in providing water for irrigation, generating hydroelectric
power, and mitigating the impact of floods, all of which
were crucial for India's socio-economic development and
modernization.

b. Interstate Water Disputes: The primary reason

behind interstate water disputes in India is the
competition for shared water resources among different
states. Often, rivers flow through multiple states, and the
utilization of water resources becomes a contentious
issue. Two rivers where interstate water disputes are
ongoing include:

 Cauvery River:
 States Involved: Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Kerala,
and Puducherry.
 Reason: Disputes arise over the sharing of
Cauvery River water for irrigation and other
purposes.
 Krishna River:
 States Involved: Maharashtra, Karnataka, and
Andhra Pradesh.
 Reason: Disputes relate to the equitable
distribution of Krishna River water among the
riparian states.

36 a. Per capita income 1+3

b.
 how income is distributed among the people
 It hides disparities. Some may be very rich but the
masses may be poor
 Life expectancy, infant mortality rate, pollution
free environment etc are not considered.
37 2+3