Peridotite Dacite Komatiite Syenite Obsidian

What are Igneous Rock?

Igneous rocks are defined as types of rocks that are formed when molten rock (rock liquefied by intense
heat and pressure) cools to a solid state.

Characteristics:

The igneous form of rocks does not include any fossil deposits. If there are any chances of fossil deep
inside the crust, it erupts out of the Earth’s surface and gets destroyed due to the sheer heat these rocks
produce.
Most igneous forms include more than one mineral deposit.
They can be either glassy or coarse.
These usually do not react with acids.
The mineral deposits are available in the form of patches with different sizes.

Coal Breccia Dolomite Silstone Conglomerate

Sedimentary Rock

Rock formed at or near the Earth’s surface by the accumulation and lithification of fragments of
preexisting rocks or by precipitation from solution at normal surface temperatures. Sedimentary rocks can
be formed only where sediments are deposited long enough to become compacted and cemented into
hard beds or strata.

Characteristics:

Sedimentary rocks are formed at earth's surface by the hydrological system.

The formation of sedimentary rocks involves the weathering of pre-existing rocks.
Sedimentary rocks contain fossils.
Sedimentary rocks typically occur in layers

Migmatite Sepentinite Hornfels Gneiss Phyllite

What are metamorphic rocks?

Metamorphic rocks form when rocks are subjected to high heat, high pressure, hot mineral-rich fluids or,
more commonly, some combination of these factors. Conditions like these are found deep within the Earth
or where tectonic plates meet.

Characteristics:

The are less dense than igneous and sedimentary rocks.

They can be foliated or non foliated.
They are crystalline in nature.
They have a more coarse texture than their protolith.