TO OBSERVE IN YOUR SURROUNDING AND MAKE A

POSSIBLE LIST OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC COMPOUNDS;

HOW ARE THEY DIFFERENT? WHY IS IT NECESSARY TO
STUDY THEM SEPERATELY

A Project Work
Submitted for the partial fulfillment of internal assessment of Chemistry

By
Rhythm Lamichhane
Class: XI
Section: C
Roll No: 19

Narayani Model Secondary School

NEB
Bharatpur-10, Chitwan,Nepal
2080

CERTIFICATE OF APPROVAL
The project work entitled “To observe in your surrounding and make a
possible list of organic and inorganic compound; How are they different?
Why is it necessary to study them separately” By “Rhythm Lamichhane”,
under the supervision of teacher Mrs.SabitaChapagain Narayani Model
Secondary School, Nepal is hereby submitted for the partial fulfillment of
the requirement of Chemistryin Grade 11. This project work has not been
submitted to any other school or institution previously for the award of
grade11

Supervisor,
Sabita Chapagain
Department of Chemistry
Narayani Model Secondary
school
 RECOMMENDATION LETTER

This is to certify that the project work entitled “To observe in your
surrounding and make a possible list of organic and inorganic
compound; How are they different? Why is it necessary to study them
separately”Has been carried out by. “Rhythm Lamichhane”as partial
fulfillment of Grade 11 in Chemistryunder our supervision. To the best
of our knowledge, this work has not been submitted for any other
institute. We therefore recommended the project work upon report for
appraisal.

Supervisor,
Teacher name: - Sabita Chapagain
Narayani Model Secondary School
Date: 25th Feb, 2024
 DECLARATION

I, “Rhythm Lamichhane” hereby declare that the project work entitles

“To observe in your surrounding and make a possible list of organic
and inorganic compound; How are they different? Why is it necessary
to study them separately.”prepared under the supervision of Mrs.Sabita
Chapagain, Narayani Model Secondary School,Nepal, is genuine work
done originally by me and has not been published or submitted
elsewhere for the requirement of any degree program. Any literature,
data, or works done by others and cited in this project has been given
due acknowledgement and listed in the reference section.

Signature,
Rhythm Lamichhane
Grade: XI ‘C’
Name of schhol : Narayani Model secondary Schhol
Date: 25th Feb, 2024
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We would like to express our special thanks of gratitude to our project

guideMrsSabitaChapagainwho gave us the opportunity to do this
wonderful project on the topicwhich helped we broaden our knowledge
over this field and we came to know about so many new things for
which we are really thankful.
Secondly, we would also like to thank our parents, well-wishers and
our mates who helped us a lot in finalizing this project within the
limited time frame.

Name: Rhythm Lamichhane

Roll no: 19
Grade: XI ‘C’
Date: 25th Feb, 2024
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 i.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CERTIFICATE OF APPROVAL ii.

RECOMMENDATION LETTER iii.

DECLERATION iv.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT v.

OBJECT 1

APPARTUS REQUIRED 1

THEORY 1

OBSERVATIONS 2

OBSERVATION TABLE 3

CONCLUSION 4

REFERENCE 4
OBJECT: TO OBSERVE IN YOUR SURROUNDING AND
MAKE A POSSIBLE LIST OF ORGANIC AND
INORGANIC COMPOUNDS; HOW ARE THEY
DIFFERENT? WHY IS IT NECESSARY TO STUDY
THEM SEPERATELY

APPARATUS:Items in surroundings (sugar, salt,chalk, soap,

alcohol,etc.)

THEORY:
Organic and inorganic compound deal with the structure, properties,and
reaction of compounds.Organic and inorganic compounds are two broad
categories that encompass the vast majority of chemical substances found
in nature and synthesized in laboratories. These categories are based on
the composition and bonding patterns of the atoms within the molecules.
Organic compounds are defined as the compounds that contain carbon as
one of their constituents whether it be in the solid, gaseous or liquid state.
Organic compounds are primarily composed of carbon atoms bonded
together with other elements such as hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur,
and halogens. These compounds are the building blocks of life and are
typically associated with living organisms. However, organic chemistry
also encompasses a wide range of synthetic compounds produced in
laboratories. The study of organic compounds is vital in fields such as
biochemistry, pharmaceuticals, agriculture,and materials science.Organic
compounds are predominantly composed of carbon atoms bonded
covalently to other atoms. Organic molecules can exhibit intricate
structures and diverse functional groups, leading to a vast array of
properties and applications.Many organic compounds play crucial roles in
biological processes, such as DNA, proteins,
carbohydrates,andlipids.eg:Hydrocarbons,Alcohols, Carboxylic
acids ,Amino acids and Sugars . Inorganic compounds consist of chemical
substances that do not contain carbon-hydrogen (C-H) bonds. While some
inorganic compounds may contain carbon, they lack the characteristic
properties of organic compounds and are often simpler in structure.
Inorganic chemistry explores the properties and behavior of these
compounds, which are essential in fields such as materials science,
environmental science, and coordination chemistry.Inorganic compounds
do not contain carbon-hydrogen (C-H) bonds as a primary structural
component.Inorganic molecules tend to have simpler structures compared
to organic molecules.Inorganic compounds can exhibit diverse properties,
including metallic, ionic, and covalent bonding . eg: Metal oxides ,Salts
Acids and bases, Coordination complexes and Minerals.

OBSERVATION:
During my observation in the surroundings, I identified a variety of
organic and inorganic compounds. In kitchen, organic compounds like
sugar and cooking oil were prevalent, showcasing their role in food
preservation. Additionally, materials such as wood in school and natural
fabrics in shops exemplified organic compounds derived from living
organisms. The distinction between organic and inorganic compounds was
evident through their presence in everyday items, underscoring the diverse
nature of materials in our surroundings and the importance of recognizing
their chemical composition.

Difference between Organic Compounds and Inorganic

Compounds:
There are several properties to mention the difference between organic
and inorganic compounds. Some of the properties are:
1. Solubility: Organic compound Often soluble in organic solvents
such as ethanol, acetone, and hexane, but may not be soluble in water.
Inorganic compounds Can be soluble or insoluble in water depending on
their chemical structure. Many inorganic salts (ionic compounds) are
soluble in water, while others are insoluble.

2. Electrical conductivity : Organic compounds Typically poor

conductors of electricity, as they lack free ions or delocalized electrons
that can carry electrical charge.Inorganic compounds Can be conductive
or non-conductive, depending on their structure and bonding. Ionic
compounds in solution or molten state can conduct electricity, while
covalent or molecular compounds usually do not conduct electricity.

3. Composition :Organic compounds Contain primarily carbon and

hydrogen, often with other elements such as oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and
halogens.Inorganic compounds May contain carbon, but they can also
includes elements such as metals (e.g., sodium, potassium, iron), non-
metals (e.g., oxygen, sulfur), and metalloids (e.g., silicon).
The above mentioned are just a few properties to differentiate between
inorganic an organic compounds.

Reason for separate study of organic compounds:

1. Large number of compounds: There are about 5 millions of

organic compounds known and thousands of new compounds are being
discovered annually. The number of inorganic compounds is
approximately 100,000. If the study of all the organic compounds was
included with that of inorganic compounds, it would through the subject
out of balance.
2. Unique chemical and physical properties: These
compounds possess low melting and boiling points with lower solubility
in water and higher solubility in non-polar solvent. These are inflammable
in nature and their solutions are non- conductor of electricity. Organic
compounds exhibit isomerism and show usually slow chemical reactions.
3. Unique character of carbon: Carbon atom has ability to
combine with one another to form long chains and rings of varying lengths
and shapes. This property of carbon is called catenation and is responsible
for the variety and larger number of organic compounds.

OBSERVATION TABLE:
Some of the Organic and Inorganic compounds in and around
Kitchen:
Surrounding Substance Organic/ Chemical
s s Inorganic composition
compounds
Sugar Organic C12H22O11
Table salt Inorganic NaCl
Oil Organic
1. Kitche Ghee Organic
n LPG in Organic Butane+isobutan
cylinder e
 Steel Inorganic Alloy of Fe and
utensils C
Baking Inorganic NaHCO3
soda

Some of the Organic and Inorganic compounds in and around

School and Shop .

Surroundings Substances Organic/Inorganic Chemical

compounds composition
Chalk Inorganic CaCO3
2. School Ink Organic Organic dyes
Marble Inorganic CaCO3
Soap Organic C17H35COONa
3. Shop Alcohol Organic C2H5OH
Paints Organic dyes
Quick lime Inorganic CaO

CONCLUSION

In conclusion, the comprehensive observation of diverse environments has

provided valuable insights into the presence and roles of organic and
inorganic compounds in our everyday surroundings. The coexistence of
organic compounds, characterized by carbon-hydrogen bonds, and
inorganic compounds, lacking these bonds, highlights the complexity of
the chemical landscape. Organic compounds, closely associated with
living organisms, serve vital industrial applications. Organic compounds
and Inorganic compounds are different by several physical and chemical
properties, that is why we should study them separately. Hence, there are
numerous of organic and inorganic compounds in our surroundings which
are differentiate by various properties so we should study them separately.

REFERENCE

1. Chat gpt 3.5

2.Dreamland publication Pioneer Chemistry Practical