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e¨w³MZ I `jxq

cÖwZK…wZ AsKb

AskMÖnYKvix cwiwPwZ
avc-01:
 mevB‡K ¯^vMZ Rvbvb| Av‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g cÖwkÿ‡Yi cUf~wg Zz‡j aiæb| AskMÖnYKvix‡`i
ejyb, Avmyb Gevi Avgiv G‡K A‡b¨i mv‡_ cwiwPZ nB|Avgiv GLv‡b hviv AvwQ A‡b‡KB
nq‡Zv A‡bK‡K wPwb wKš‘ mevB mevB‡K wPwbbv| AvR Avgiv wb‡R‡`i g‡a¨ GKUz
wfbœfv‡e cwiwPZn‡ev|
 AskMÖnYKvix‡`i D‡Ï‡k¨ ejyb, Avgiv GB cÖwkÿY †Kb MÖnY Ki‡Z
G‡mwQ? Zv‡`i ejv DËi wb‡q ejyb GB cÖwkÿY †k‡l Avgiv mevB ‡`‡ki
gvby‡li Dbœq‡b wb‡R‡`i wkLbmg~n Kv‡R jvMv‡Z PvB| g~j K_v Avgiv
GKRb Dbœqb Kg©x/ †¯^”Qv†meK wn‡m‡e KvR Ki‡Z PvB| • Gevi Avgiv
mevB GKUz fve‡ev GKRb Av`k© DbœqbKg©x/†¯^”Qv‡meK wn‡m‡e
Avgiv wb‡R‡K †Kv_vq †`L‡Z PvB
 ‡PvL eÜ K‡i mevB‡K 2 wgwbU fve‡Z w`b Ges wb‡Ri fvebvi GKwU
cÖwZKx Qwe wb‡Ri ‡bvU c¨v‡W AvuK‡Z ejyb (cÖ‡qvR‡b
AskMÖnYKvix‡`i GKwU D`vniY w`‡q eywS‡q w`b †¯^”Qv‡meK
wn‡m‡e ‡KD wb‡R‡K eUMv‡Qi mv‡_ Zzjbv Ki‡Z cv‡i| eU MvQ †hgb
mevB‡K Qvqv †`q cÖPÛ †iv‡` Avkªq, cÖkvwšÍ †`q †¯^”Qv‡meK
wn‡m‡e GKRb wb‡R‡K †Zgb RvqMvq fve‡Z cv‡i)
 KvRwUi Rb¨ 5 wgwbU mgq w`b • wbw`©ó mgq ci wb‡R‡`i AvuKv Qwei
wgj/Awg‡ji wfwˇZ fskMÖnYKvix‡`i GK GKwU `‡j fvM n‡Z ejyb, hv‡`i
Qwe Kv‡iv mv‡_ wgj‡ebv Zv‡`i GKwÎZ n‡q GKwU Awgj `j ˆZwi Ki‡Z
ejyb|
 Gevi Avjv`v Avjv`vfv‡e `‡j e‡m wb‡R‡`i AvuKv Qwe w`‡q GKwU K‡i
`jxq K¨vbfvm/Qwe AvuK‡Z ejyb
 KvRwUi Rb¨ 15 wgwbU mgq w`b
 wbw`©ó ci cÖwZwU `j‡K Zv‡`i KvRwU Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z ejyb|
 `jxq KvR Dc¯’vcbv †k‡l `‡ji mevB‡K wb‡R‡`i cwiPq w`‡Z ejyb|
 meKÔwU `‡ji Dc¯’vcbvi ci mnvqK wb‡Ri cwiPq w`b Ges meKwU
`‡ji `jxq Kv‡Ri BwZevPK Dcmsnvi Uvbyb| †hgb: GZÿY Avgiv `jxq
Kv‡Ri g‡a¨ w`‡q †`L‡Z †cjvg †¯^”Qv‡meK/DbœqbKg©x wK‡m‡e
Avgiv †KD eUMv‡Qi gZ, †KD dz‡ji gZ †KD m~‡h©i gZ n‡Z †P‡qwQ|
Avgiv †f‡ewQ dzj †hgb myMÜ Qovq, dyj †K †hgb mevB fvj‡e‡m

Kv‡Q †U‡b †bq, †¯^”Qv‡meK wn‡m‡e Avgiv wb‡R‡K †Zgwb


wb‡R‡`i KvR w`‡q gvby‡li gv‡S wb‡R‡`i MÖnY‡hvM¨Zv ˆZwi Ki‡Z
PvB| Avevi †KD †KD †f‡ewQ ‡¯^”Qv‡meK wn‡m‡e Avgiv wb‡R‡`i
m~‡h©i gZ †`L‡Z PvB| m~h© †hgb Av‡jv †`evi †ÿ‡Î abx, Mixe, †QvU
eo †Kvb iKg ˆelg¨ K‡ibv mevi Rb¨B mgvb Av‡jv w`‡q mevB‡K
Av‡jvwKZ K‡i| AvgivI wVK †Zgwb Avgv‡`i †mev w`‡q mevB‡K
Av‡jvwKZ Ki‡Z PvB mgvR †_‡K mKj ˆelg¨ `~i Ki‡Z PvB| Avgiv hw`
Avgv‡`i †mB ¯^‡cœi RvqMvq wb‡R‡`i‡K mwZ¨ wb‡h †h‡Z PvB
Zvn‡j cÖ‡qvRb wb‡R‡`i cÖ¯‘Z Kiv| GB cÖwkÿY nq‡Zv †mB
cÖ¯‘wZi c‡_ Avgv‡`i GK avc GwM‡q †`‡e|
 mevB‡K Av‡iv GKevi cÖwkÿ‡Y ¯^vMZ Rvwb‡q ejyb GZÿY Avgiv
wb‡Riv cwiwPZ njvg, Avmyb Gevi GB cÖwkÿY †Kvm©Uvi mv‡_
cwiwPZ nB|


mKj cÖ‡kœi gvb mgvb c~Y©gvb-20

1. ‡hŠb I cÖRbb ¯^v¯’¨ AwaKvi Kx?

2. ‡RÛvi I †m‡·i cv_©K¨ Kx?


3. ‡hŠb I cÖRbb ¯^v¯’¨ welqK K‡qKwU miKvwi †mevi bvg wjLyb|

4. Mf© cÖmeKvjxb wec` wPnœmg~n (RwUj Ae¯’v) Kx Kx?

5. G¨vW‡fv‡Kwmi 5 wU Uzjm& Gi bvg wjLyb|

bvg: mnvqK Z_¨: 2.1


AwaKvi, gvbevwaKvi, †gŠwjK AwaKvi, ‡hŠb I cÖRbb ¯^v¯’¨ AwaKvi gvby‡li †eu‡P _vKv I
Zvi AwaKvi
gvby‡li me‡P‡q eo m¤ú` Zvi Rxeb| ZvB †eu‡P _vKvUvB me‡P‡q Riæix I gnr KvR| †eu‡P
_vKvi R‡b¨ wKQy wRwbm Aek¨B cÖ‡qvRb| G¸‡jv n‡”Q, Lv`¨, e¯¿, wkÿv, wPwKrmv,
evm¯’vb | GKRb gvbyl R‡b¥i mv‡_ mv‡_B G
cÖ‡qvRb¸‡jv wb‡q Rb¥vq| †eu‡P _vKvi R‡b¨ Aek¨B cÖ‡qvRb e‡j G¸‡jv Zvi †gŠwjK Pvwn`v |
ZvB, G¸‡jv cvIqv Zvi cÖavb cÖavb ˆbwZK ev cÖvK…wZK AwaKvi|
GLb K_v n‡”Q, ïay G †gŠwjK Pvwn`v¸‡jv cyiY n‡j ev G AwaKvi¸‡jv AR©b Ki‡jB wK GKRb
gvby‡li †eu‡P _vKvi me Pvwn`v wg‡U †M‡jv bv| KviY, gvbyl Ab¨ mKj cÖvYx †_‡K Avjv`v |
gvbyl Pvq gvbyl wn‡m‡e Zvi gh©v`v
wb‡q †eu‡P _vK‡Z †m Pvq ¯^vaxb fv‡e wbivc‡` Pjv‡div Ki‡Z , wb‡Ri g‡Zv K‡i fve‡Z, Zvi
†mB fvebv , gZvgZ ev e³e¨ cÖKvk Ki‡Z , ivóª ev mgvR cwiPvjbvq Ask MÖnb Ki‡Z BZ¨vw`|
Avi G PvIqv¸‡jv G‡Kevi‡B evovevwo
wKQz bq| c~Y©v½ ¯^vfvweK gvbyl wnmv‡e †eu‡P _vKvi R‡b¨B G¸‡jvi cÖ‡qvRb | Aek¨B
cÖ‡qvRb| G¸‡jv cvIqvI Zvi ˆbwZK AwaKvi|
AwaKvi gv‡b n‡”Q , hv gvbyl A‡b¨i ev iv‡óªi KvQ †_‡K ˆeafv‡e `vwe Ki‡Z cv‡i| AxaKvi
GK cÖKvi ¯^vaxbZv, GK cÖKvi ÿgZv I we‡kl wbivcËv| gvby‡li KvQ †_‡K G
AwaKvimgy‡ni meKwU ev †Kv‡bv GKwU †K‡o wb‡j †m Avi
gvbyl _v‡Kbv|
‡gŠwjK AwaKvi
gvby‡li G AwaKvi¸‡jvi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q, ivR‰bwZK, A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK, mvs¯‹…wZK,
ag©xq bvbv cÖKvi AwaKvi| Gi g‡a¨ †ek K‡qKwU‡K msweav‡b AšÍf~³ Kiv n‡q‡Q|
†Kv‡bvfv‡eB ,Ggb wK mvaviY fv‡e AvBb cwieZ‡©bi gva¨‡gI G¸‡jv evwZj Kiv hv‡ebv Ges
G¸‡jv †_‡K KvD‡K ewÂZ Kiv hv‡ebv | G¸‡jv‡K evwZj Ki‡Z n‡j msweavbB cwieZ©b Ki‡Z
n‡e| G iæZ¡c~Y© AwaKvi¸‡jv‡K e‡j †gŠwjK AwaKvi| †hme AwaKvi cÖvq me `‡kB †gŠwjK
AxaKvi wn‡m‡e ¯^xK„Z Zvi GKwU ZvwjKv †`qv n‡jv|
 gŠwjK AwaKvi I ¯^vaxbZv
 e¨w³i Rxe‡bi wbivcËvi AwaKvi|
 AvBbMZ mgZvi AwaKvi
 `vmZ¡ †_‡K gyw³i AwaKvi
 PjvPj I emev‡mi ¯^vaxbZv
 AvBbMZ w`K †_‡K e¨w³ wn‡m‡e ¯^xK…wZ
 weevn I cwievi MV‡bi AwaKvi
 m¤úwËi gvwjKvbvi AwaKvi
 wPšÍv, we‡eK I ag©vPi‡Yi ¯^vaxbZv
 gZvgZ cÖKv‡ki ¯^vaxbZv
 kvwšÍc~Y© mgv‡ek I †gjv‡gkvi AwaKvi
 miKvix PwKzix‡Z mgvbvwaKvi
 ivR‰bwZK AvkÖq cÖv_©bvi AwaKvi
 KvR cvIqvi AwaKvi
 ÿzav †_‡K gyw³i AwaKvi
 wkÿvi AwaKvi
 ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z I Kj¨vYKi Rxeb hvc‡bi AwaKvi
 mvgvwRK wbivcËvi AwaKvi
 Rei`w¯Íg~jK †MÖdZvi, AvUK ev wbe©vmb †_‡K gyw³
 ¯^vaxb I wb‡icÿ UªvBeyb¨v‡j b¨vq-wePvi I cÖKvk¨ ïbvwbi AwaKvi
 wekÖvg I we‡bv`‡bi AwaKvi
 ‡UªW BDwbqb MVb I GZ †hvM`v‡bi AwaKvi
 ‰elg¨nxbZvi AwaKvi
 e¨w³MZ †MvcbxqZv I M„‡n wbivcËvi AwaKvi
 wbe©vwPZ cÖwZwbwai Øviv miKvi MV‡bi AwaKvi
 gvbevwaKvi
ms‡ÿ‡c, gvbevwaKvi n‡”Q †mB AwaKvi ‡h AwaKvi wb‡q gvbyl Rb¥vq Ges †h AwaKvi
AwR©Z n‡j gvbyl c~Y©fv‡e
weKwkZ n‡Z cv‡i| m„wói †miv gvbyl Avi gvby‡li †kÖô‡Z¡i wkL‡i DV‡Z `iKvi
gvbevwaKvi| gvbevwaKvi Qvov gvbyl cwic~Y© gvbyl nqbv| RvwZms‡Ni
mve©Rbxb gvbevwaKvi †NvlYvqI †gŠwjK AwaKvimn meai‡Yi
gvbevwaKvi‡K AšÍf©~³ Kiv n‡q‡Q|
gvbevwaKvi Gi wKQz ˆewkó¨
1. gvbevwaKvi Ggb wKQz AwaKvi hv ïay gvby‡li, cï-cvwL ev MvQcvjvi
bq|
2. gvbevwaKvi n‡”Q mK‡ji AwaKvi, †Kv‡bv †kÖbx ev `‡ji bq|
3. gvbevwaKvi mKj gvby‡li mgvbfv‡e cÖvc¨, Kv‡iv Kg ev Kv‡iv †ekx
bq|
4. gvbevwaKvi †Kv‡bv we‡kl gh©v`v ev m¤ú‡K©i Ici wbf©ikxj bq|
5. gvbevwaKvi n‡”Q Ggb AwaKvi hv Av`vq‡hvM¨|
6. gvbevwaKvi mviv we‡k¦ I me¯’v‡b, meKv‡ji me gvby‡li cÖvc¨
7. gvbevwaKvi †KD KvD‡K †`qbv Ges Gi cÖvwß Kv‡iv `qvi Ici wbf©igxj
bq| gvbyl †h‡nZz gvbyl, †m‡nZz †m Gme AwaKvi jvf K‡i|
gvbevwaKvi I RvwZms‡Ni mve©Rwbb gvbevwaKvi †NvlYv
gvbevwaKv‡ii K_v ej‡j RvwZms‡Ni mve©Rwbb gvbevwaKvi †NvlYvi K_v
Avm‡eB| 1948 mv‡ji 10 wW‡m¤^i RvwZms‡Ni mvaviY cwil‡`I G †NvlYv
M„wnZ nq| GwU gvby‡li Aek¨B cÖvc¨ AwaKvimgy‡ni GKwU ZvwjKv | G‡Z
`ywbqvi me gvby‡li AwaKvi I ¯^vaxbZvi K_v D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q I Gm‡ei
e¨vL¨v †`qv n‡q‡Q| G †NvlYv mviv `ywbqv‡ZB cvjb Kiv hvq Ges Kiv DwPr|
bvMwiK I ivR‰wbZK AwaKvi Geq A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK I mvs¯‹…wKZ
AwaKvi
4. ¯^v‡¯’¨i AwaKvi|
5. bvix-cyiæ‡li mgvb AwaKvi|
AwaKvi
AwaKvi nj bvMwiK, AvBwb I ˆbwZK ¯^Z¡ hv GKUv m¤§vbRbK Rxe‡bi Rb¨
c~e©kZ©| g~j¨‡eva, bxwZ‡eva Avi ˆbwZKZv †_‡K G¸‡jv DrmvwiZ; †mB
mv‡_ msweavb, AvBb, wewfbœ m¤ú~iK bxwZ, mvgvwRK ixwZ-bxwZ,
AvšÍR©vwZK Pzw³, mg‡SvZv I wbqg-Kvby‡bi gva¨‡g G¸‡jv ¯^xK…Z| Gme
AwaKvi AvBbMZfv‡e ¯^xK…Z Ges ¯’vbxq, RvZxq I AvšÍR©vwZK mKj
gvÎvq `vwqZ¡cvjbKvixiv (ivóª, AvšÍR©vwZK m¤cÖ`vq I Ab¨vb¨ mvgvwRK
cÖwZôvb) GB `vwqZ¡‡ev‡ai e܇b Ave×|
AwaKvi G¨v‡cÖvP
AwaKvi G¨v‡cÖvP ev AwaKvi wfwËK `„wófw½ ej‡Z †evSvq Mwie RbMY
we‡kl K‡i wbqgZvwš¿Kfv‡e hv‡`i AwaKvi A¯^xKvi Kiv n‡q‡Q Zv‡`i cv‡k
`vuov‡bv| AwaKvi G¨v‡cÖvP `wi`ª‡`i‡K mgv‡Ri wbw®Œq m`m¨ wn‡m‡e
MY¨ K‡i bv, eis wewfbœ Dbœqb cwiKíbv I c`‡¶‡c Zv‡`i mwµq AskMÖn‡Yi

K_v e‡j| AwaKvi G¨v‡cÖvP `wi`ª I cÖvwšÍK RbM‡Yi AwaKv‡ii ¯^xK…wZ,


ev¯Íevqb I Zv‡K mgybœZ Kivi Dci bRi †`q| `vwi`ª, cÖvwšÍKZvmn me ai‡bi
AmgZv gvby‡liB m„wó Ges Zv‡`i Ab¨vh¨, †¯^”QvPvix wewfbœ cÖwZôv‡bi
gva¨‡g Gme wPi¯’vqx iƒc jvf K‡i‡Q| GwU GKwU Ab¨vq cÖwµqv| GB
cÖwµqv wbqgZvwšÍKfv‡e RbM‡Yi ¯^vaxbZv I gh©v`v‡K c``wjZ K‡i|
AwaKvi wfwËK `„wófw½i j¶¨ n‡”Q:
 †hme gvby‡li mv‡_ Avgiv KvR Kwi Zv‡`i AwaKvi‡K mgybœZ Kiv,
cÖwZwôZ Kiv;
 `vwqZ¡cvjbKvix‡`i `vwqZ¡kxjZv, Revew`wnZv I ¯^”QZv wbwðZ Kiv;
 `vwi`ª, cÖvwšÍKZv, Ab¨vq I `ytL-`y`©kvi `„k¨gvb wewfbœ welq wb‡qB
ïay KvR Kiv bq eis Gm‡ei g~j KviY¸‡jv wb‡qI KvR Kiv;
 `wi`ª gvbylRb, bvix-cyiæl, †Q‡j-†g‡q mevB‡K Zv‡`i myß m¤¢vebv
PP©v Ki‡Z mn‡hvwMZv Kiv| Ab¨vh¨ I †¯^”QvPvix cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡K
AvBwb I ˆbwZK Dcv‡q †gvKv‡ejv Kiv|

hŠb I cÖRbb ¯^v¯’¨ AwaKvi


1. cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki evuvPvi AwaKvi Av‡Q| Mf©RwbZ Kvi‡Y †Kvb gwnjvi Rxeb SzuwKc~Y© Kiv
hv‡e bv|
2. cÖ‡K¨K bvix cyiæ‡li ¯^vaxb I wbivc` ‡hŠb-Rxeb Dc‡fvM Kivi I cÖRbb ÿgZv‡K wbqš¿Y
Kivi AwaKvi i‡q‡Q| †Rvo-Rei`w¯Í K‡I Mf©aviY, eܨvKiY ev Mf©cvZ Kiv‡bv hv‡e bv|

3. †hŠb I cÖRbb Rxebmn bvix-cyiæ‡li mgZv Ges mKj cÖKvi ˆelg¨ †_‡K gyw³ cvIqvi AwaKvi|
4. †hŠb I cÖRbb ¯^v¯’¨ †mev MÖn‡Y cÖ‡Z¨K bvix-cyiæ‡li cQ›` I MvcbxqZv iÿvi AwaKvi |
5. mgvR, ag©, wek¦vm, `k©b I Kzms¯‹v‡ii cÖfvegy³ †_‡K †hŠb I cÖRbb wel‡q gy³wPšÍv I
M‡elYvi AwaKvi|
6. e¨vw³ I cwiev‡ii ¯^v‡¯’¨i mvwe©K Kj¨v‡Yi j‡ÿ¨ †hŠb I cÖRbb wel‡q Rvbv I †kLvi
AwaKvi|
7. cÖ‡Z¨K bvix-cyiæ‡li weevn, weev‡n cQ›` I cwiKwíZ cwievi MV‡b wm×všÍ †bIqvi AwaKvi|
8. cÖ‡Z¨K `¤úwZ mšÍvb MÖnb-KLb, KZ e¨eav‡b Ges KZwU mšÍvb MÖnb Ki‡eb G wel‡q
wm×všÍ ‡bIqvi AwaKvi|
9. ¯^v¯’¨ myiÿvi j‡ÿ¨ cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki †hŠb I cÖRbb ¯^v¯’¨ wel‡q Z_¨jvf, cQ›`mB, wbivc`,
Avivg`vqK, gh©v`vc~Y© I wbqwgZ †mev cÖvwßi AwaKvi|
10. wPwKrmv weÁvb I cÖhyw³i DrKl©Zvi Avwe¯‹„Z m‡e©v”P MÖnb‡h¨ I wbivc` cÖRbb
¯^v¯’¨ †mev MÖn‡Yi AwaKvi|
11. †hŠb I cÖRbb ¯^v¯’¨ welqwU‡K m‡e©v”P AMÖvwaKvi cÖ`v‡bi j‡ÿ¨ bxwZ wba©viK/
miKvi‡K cÖfvweZ Kivi AwaKvi|
12. wkï‡`i †hŠb wbcxob I Ace¨envi †_‡K iÿv Ki‡Z wkï AwaKvi msiÿY Ges Ab¨vb¨‡`i †hŠb
nqivwb, al©Y I ˆelg¨mn wbh©vZb †_‡K wb‡R‡K iÿv Ges KzwPwKrmv †_‡K gy³ _vKvi
AwaKvi|

Awa‡ekb: 03
wk‡ivbvg : ‡RÛvi I †RÛvi wfwËK mwnsmZv
D‡Ïk¨ : GB Awa‡ekb †k‡l AskMÖnYKvixiv-

যৌন ও প্রজনন স্বাস্থ্য Kx

avc:-1

 mevB‡K ï‡f”Qv Rvwb‡q ‡hŠb I cRbb ¯^v¯’¨ m¤ú‡K© Zv‡`i viYv


hvPvB Kiæb| mevi ejv gZvg‡Zi mv‡_ mnvqK Z_¨ 4.1 Gi mnv‡h¨
welqwU we¯Ív‡i Av‡jvPbv Kiæb|
যৌন ও প্রজনন স্বাস্থ্য m¤ú‡K© cÖPjwZ mgm¨v mg~n

avc:-2
 AskMÖnYKvix‡`i 4 wU `‡j fvM Kiæb Ges wb‡Pi welqwUi Dci `jxq KR
Ki‡Z ejyb
যৌন ও প্রজনন স্বাস্থ্য m¤ú‡K© cÖPjwZ যৌন ও প্রজনন স্বাস্থ্য m¤ú‡K© cÖPjwZ mgm¨v mg~n

avc:-2
 AskMÖnYKvix‡`i 4 wU `‡j fvM Kiæb Ges wb‡Pi welqwUi Dci `jxq KR
Ki‡Z ejyb
যৌন ও প্রজনন স্বাস্থ্য m¤ú‡K© cÖPjwZ mgm¨v mg~n Kx Kx

 KvRwUi Rb¨ 15 wgwbU mgq w`b| wbw`©ó mgq ci Cö‡Z¨K `j‡K


avivevwnKfv‡e Zv‡`i `jxq KvR Dc¯’vc‡bi Rb¨ Avgš¿Y Rvbvb|
 meKwU `‡ji Dc¯’vcb †k‡l wb‡Ri gZvgZ †hvM Kiæb|
 cy‡iv Awa‡ek‡bi mvi-ms‡ÿc K‡i mevB‡K ab¨ev` Rvwb‡q Awa‡ekb
†kl Kiæb|
mnvqK Z_¨: 4.1
প্রজনন স্বাস্থ্য:

প্রজনন ব্যবস্থা, এর কাজ এবং প্রক্রিয়ার সাথে সম্প wK©Z cwic~Y© kvixwiK

gvbwmK I mvgvwRK Kj¨vbKi Ae¯’v n‡jv cÖRbb ¯^v¯’¨|


cÖRbb ¯^v‡¯’¨i Dcv`vb:
 ‰K‡kvi KvjxY ¯^v¯’¨
 wbivc` gvZ„Z¡
 cwievi cwiKíbv
 eܨvZ¡ cÖwZ‡iva I wPwKrmv
 ‡hŠb ¯^v¯’¨
 cÖRbbZ‡š¿i msµgY I †hŠb †ivM
 wbivc` Mf©cvZ
 GBPAvBwf/ GBWm mn Ab¨vb¨ ‡hŠb msµwgZ †ivM cÖwZ‡iva

Awa‡ekb: 05
wk‡ivbvg : ‰KkiKvj I cÖRbb ¯^v¯’¨
D‡Ïk¨ : GB Awa‡ekb †k‡l AskMÖnYKvixiv-

 ˆK‡kviKvj ej‡Z wK eySvq I ˆK‡kviKv‡ji avcmg~n bY©bv Ki‡Z


cvi‡eb;
 ˆK‡kviKv‡ji avc Abyhvqx cwieZ©bmg~n wPwýZ Ki‡Z cvi‡eb;
 ˆK‡kviKv‡ji ¯^v¯’¨ I Dbœq‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv m¤ú‡K© ej‡Z
cvi‡eb;
 ¯^v¯’¨evb wK‡kvi wK‡kvixi ˆewkó¨ I wK‡kvi wK‡kvix‡`i SuzwK
I myiÿvg~jK Dcv`vbmg~n wbw`©ó Ki‡Z cvi‡eb; Ges

mnvqK Z_¨: 2.1


AwaKvi, gvbevwaKvi, †gŠwjK AwaKvi, ‡hŠb I cÖRbb ¯^v¯’¨ AwaKvi
gvby‡li †eu‡P _vKv I Zvi AwaKvi
gvby‡li me‡P‡q eo m¤ú` Zvi Rxeb| ZvB †eu‡P _vKvUvB me‡P‡q
Riæix I gnr KvR| †eu‡P _vKvi R‡b¨ wKQy wRwbm Aek¨B cÖ‡qvRb|
G¸‡jv n‡”Q, Lv`¨, e¯¿, wkÿv, wPwKrmv, evm¯’vb | GKRb gvbyl R‡b¥i
mv‡_ mv‡_B G cÖ‡qvRb¸‡jv wb‡q Rb¥vq| †eu‡P _vKvi R‡b¨ Aek¨B
cÖ‡qvRb e‡j G¸‡jv Zvi †gŠwjK Pvwn`v | ZvB, G¸‡jv cvIqv Zvi cÖavb
cÖavb ˆbwZK ev cÖvK…wZK AwaKvi|
GLb K_v n‡”Q, ïay G †gŠwjK Pvwn`v¸‡jv cyiY n‡j ev G AwaKvi¸‡jv
AR©b Ki‡jB wK GKRb gvby‡li †eu‡P _vKvi me Pvwn`v wg‡U †M‡jv bv|
KviY, gvbyl Ab¨ mKj cÖvYx †_‡K Avjv`v | gvbyl Pvq gvbyl wn‡m‡e Zvi
gh©v`v wb‡q †eu‡P _vK‡Z †m Pvq ¯^vaxb fv‡e wbivc‡` Pjv‡div Ki‡Z ,
wb‡Ri g‡Zv K‡i fve‡Z, Zvi †mB fvebv , gZvgZ ev e³e¨ cÖKvk Ki‡Z , ivóª
ev mgvR cwiPvjbvq Ask MÖnb Ki‡Z BZ¨vw`| Avi G PvIqv¸‡jv G‡Kevi‡B
evovevwo wKQz bq| c~Y©v½ ¯^vfvweK gvbyl wnmv‡e †eu‡P _vKvi
R‡b¨B G¸‡jvi cÖ‡qvRb | Aek¨B cÖ‡qvRb| G¸‡jv cvIqvI Zvi ˆbwZK
AwaKvi|
AwaKvi gv‡b n‡”Q , hv gvbyl A‡b¨i ev iv‡óªi KvQ †_‡K ˆeafv‡e `vwe
Ki‡Z cv‡i| AxaKvi GK cÖKvi ¯^vaxbZv, GK cÖKvi ÿgZv I we‡kl wbivcËv|
gvby‡li KvQ †_‡K G AwaKvimgy‡ni meKwU ev †Kv‡bv GKwU †K‡o
wb‡j †m Avi gvbyl _v‡Kbv|
‡gŠwjK AwaKvi
gvby‡li G AwaKvi¸‡jvi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q, ivR‰bwZK, A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK,
mvs¯‹…wZK, ag©xq bvbv cÖKvi AwaKvi| Gi g‡a¨ †ek K‡qKwU‡K
msweav‡b AšÍf~³ Kiv n‡q‡Q| †Kv‡bvfv‡eB ,Ggb wK mvaviY fv‡e AvBb
cwieZ‡©bi gva¨‡gI G¸‡jv evwZj Kiv hv‡ebv Ges G¸‡jv †_‡K KvD‡K
ewÂZ Kiv hv‡ebv | G¸‡jv‡K evwZj Ki‡Z n‡j msweavbB cwieZ©b Ki‡Z
n‡e| G ¸iæZ¡c~Y© AwaKvi¸‡jv‡K e‡j †gŠwjK AwaKvi| †hme AwaKvi
cÖvq me †`‡kB †gŠwjK AxaKvi wn‡m‡e ¯^xK„Z Zvi GKwU ZvwjKv †`qv
n‡jv|
‡gŠwjK AwaKvi I ¯^vaxbZv
 e¨w³i Rxe‡bi wbivcËvi AwaKvi|
 AvBbMZ mgZvi AwaKvi
 `vmZ¡ †_‡K gyw³i AwaKvi
 PjvPj I emev‡mi ¯^vaxbZv
 AvBbMZ w`K †_‡K e¨w³ wn‡m‡e ¯^xK…wZ

 weevn I cwievi MV‡bi AwaKvi


 m¤úwËi gvwjKvbvi AwaKvi
 wPšÍv, we‡eK I ag©vPi‡Yi ¯^vaxbZv
 gZvgZ cÖKv‡ki ¯^vaxbZv
 kvwšÍc~Y© mgv‡ek I †gjv‡gkvi AwaKvi
 miKvix PwKzix‡Z mgvbvwaKvi
 ivR‰bwZK AvkÖq cÖv_©bvi AwaKvi
 KvR cvIqvi AwaKvi
 ÿzav †_‡K gyw³i AwaKvi
 wkÿvi AwaKvi
 ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z I Kj¨vYKi Rxeb hvc‡bi AwaKvi
 mvgvwRK wbivcËvi AwaKvi
 Rei`w¯Íg~jK †MÖdZvi, AvUK ev wbe©vmb †_‡K gyw³
 ¯^vaxb I wb‡icÿ UªvBeyb¨v‡j b¨vq-wePvi I cÖKvk¨ ïbvwbi AwaKvi
 wekÖvg I we‡bv`‡bi AwaKvi
 ‡UªW BDwbqb MVb I GZ †hvM`v‡bi AwaKvi
 ‰elg¨nxbZvi AwaKvi
 e¨w³MZ †MvcbxqZv I M„‡n wbivcËvi AwaKvi
 wbe©vwPZ cÖwZwbwai Øviv miKvi MV‡bi AwaKvi
gvbevwaKvi
†gŠwjK AwaKvi¸‡jvmn Av‡iv wKQz AwaKvi gvbyl wn‡m‡e †eu‡P _vKv I
†i‡o IVvi R‡b¨ mviv `ywbqvi gvby‡liB cÖvc¨ | G¸‡jv‡K GK‡Î e‡j
gvbevwaKvi| eû cyiv‡bv Kvj †_‡K wewfbœ mgv‡R, ev‡óª I a‡g©,
gvbevwaKv‡ii wewfbœ welq‡K ¯^xK…wZ †`qv n‡q‡Q| gvbevwaKviB
Avm‡j AvBbMZ AwaKv‡ii wfwË| ms‡ÿ‡c, gvbevwaKvi n‡”Q †mB
AwaKvi †h AwaKvi wb‡q gvbyl Rb¥vq Ges †h AwaKvi AwR©Z n‡j gvbyl
c~Y©fv‡e weKwkZ n‡Z cv‡i| m„wói †miv gvbyl Avi gvby‡li †kÖô‡Z¡i
wkL‡i DV‡Z `iKvi gvbevwaKvi| gvbevwaKvi Qvov gvbyl cwic~Y© gvbyl
nqbv| RvwZms‡Ni mve©Rbxb gvbevwaKvi †NvlYvqI †gŠwjK AwaKvimn
meai‡Yi gvbevwaKvi‡K AšÍf©~³ Kiv n‡q‡Q|
gvbevwaKvi Gi wKQz ˆewkó¨
1. gvbevwaKvi Ggb wKQz AwaKvi hv ïay gvby‡li, cï-cvwL ev
MvQcvjvi bq|
2. gvbevwaKvi n‡”Q mK‡ji AwaKvi, †Kv‡bv †kÖbx ev `‡ji bq|
3. gvbevwaKvi mKj gvby‡li mgvbfv‡e cÖvc¨, Kv‡iv Kg ev Kv‡iv †ekx
bq|
4. gvbevwaKvi †Kv‡bv we‡kl gh©v`v ev m¤ú‡K©i Ici wbf©ikxj bq|
5. gvbevwaKvi n‡”Q Ggb AwaKvi hv Av`vq‡hvM¨|
6. gvbevwaKvi mviv we‡k¦ I me¯’v‡b, meKv‡ji me gvby‡li cÖvc¨

7. gvbevwaKvi †KD KvD‡K †`qbv Ges Gi cÖvwß Kv‡iv `qvi Ici


wbf©igxj bq| gvbyl †h‡nZz gvbyl, †m‡nZz †m Gme AwaKvi jvf K‡i|
gvbevwaKvi I RvwZms‡Ni mve©Rwbb gvbevwaKvi †NvlYv
gvbevwaKv‡ii K_v ej‡j RvwZms‡Ni mve©Rwbb gvbevwaKvi †NvlYvi
K_v Avm‡eB| 1948 mv‡ji 10 wW‡m¤^i RvwZms‡Ni mvaviY cwil‡`I G
†NvlYv M„wnZ nq| GwU gvby‡li Aek¨B cÖvc¨ AwaKvimgy‡ni GKwU
ZvwjKv | G‡Z `ywbqvi me gvby‡li AwaKvi I ¯^vaxbZvi K_v D‡jøL Kiv
n‡q‡Q I Gm‡ei e¨vL¨v †`qv n‡q‡Q| G †NvlYv mviv `ywbqv‡ZB cvjb Kiv
hvq Ges Kiv DwPr|
bvMwiK I ivR‰wbZK AwaKvi Geq A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK I
mvs¯‹…wKZ AwaKvi
RvwZms‡Ni mve©Rwbb gvbevwaKvi †NvlYv Q‡ov Avevi G `yÕfv‡eI
gvbevwaKvi‡K wPwüZ Kiv n‡q‡Q
1. bvMwiK I evR‰bwZK AwaKvi
2. A_©‰bwZK , mvgvwRK I ms¯‹…wZK AwaKvi
G AwaKvimgy‡ni †ekxi fvMB Avevi mve©Rbxb gvbevwaKvi †NvlYvqI
D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q| GKL G `yfv‡M wPwüZ gvbevwaKvi¸‡jvi wKQz `„óvšÍ
Av‡jvPbv Kiv hvK|
bvMwiK ivR‰bwZK AwaKv‡ii `„óvšÍ
1. †eu‡P _vKvi AwaKvi †_‡K KvD‡K ewÂZ ev †LqvjLywk g‡Zv
gvby‡li cÖvYnvwb bv Kiv|
2. AvB‡bi AvkÖq †bevi AwaKvi|
3. †fvU`v‡bi AwaKvi|
4. `y:L-`~`©kvi cÖwZKvi jv‡fi AwaKvi|
5. ‡¯^”QvPvix evav-wb‡la ev AvUK Ae¯’v †_‡K gyw³ jv‡fi AwaKvi|
6. AZ¨vPv‡ii nvZ †_‡K gyw³jv‡fi AwaKvi|
7. `ªæZ, webv Li‡P wbi‡cÿ wePvi j‡fi AwaKvi|
8. eyw×-civgk© jv‡fi AwaKvi|
9. msN mwgwZ Kivi AwaKvi |
10. mgv‡ek Kivi AwaKvi|
11. gZvgZ cÖKv‡ki AwaKvi|
12. we‡e‡Ki ¯^vaxbZvi AwaKvi(cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki wbR ag© cvj‡bi
AwaKvi , wbR¯^ ivR‰bwZK wek¦vm †cvlY Kivi AwaKvi BZ¨vw`)|
13. Aev‡a Pjv‡div Kivi AwaKvi|
A_©‰bwZK mvgvwRK Ges mvs¯‹…wZK AwaKvimgy‡ni `„óvšÍ
1. m¤úwË AR©‡bi AwaKvi|
2. KvR Kivi AwaKvi|

3. mvgwRK wbivcËv jv‡fi AwaKvi|


4. ¯^v‡¯’¨i AwaKvi|
5. bvix-cyiæ‡li mgvb AwaKvi|
6. b¨vh¨ cvwikÖwgK cvIqvi AwaKvi|
7. Kv‡Ri Dchy³ cwi‡e‡ki AwaKvi|
8. ‰elg¨gyjK AvPiY †_‡K gy³ _vKvi AwaKvi |
9. wkï‡`i iÿv Kivi AwaKvi|
10. wkÿvjv‡fi AwaKvi|
AwaKvi
AwaKvi nj bvMwiK, AvBwb I ˆbwZK ¯^Z¡ hv GKUv m¤§vbRbK Rxe‡bi
Rb¨ c~e©kZ©| g~j¨‡eva, bxwZ‡eva Avi ˆbwZKZv †_‡K G¸‡jv DrmvwiZ;
†mB mv‡_ msweavb, AvBb, wewfbœ m¤ú~iK bxwZ, mvgvwRK ixwZ-
bxwZ, AvšÍR©vwZK Pzw³, mg‡SvZv I wbqg-Kvby‡bi gva¨‡g G¸‡jv
¯^xK…Z| Gme AwaKvi AvBbMZfv‡e ¯^xK…Z Ges ¯’vbxq, RvZxq I
AvšÍR©vwZK mKj gvÎvq `vwqZ¡cvjbKvixiv (ivóª, AvšÍR©vwZK m¤cÖ`vq I
Ab¨vb¨ mvgvwRK cÖwZôvb) GB `vwqZ¡‡ev‡ai e܇b Ave×|
AwaKvi G¨v‡cÖvP
AwaKvi G¨v‡cÖvP ev AwaKvi wfwËK `„wófw½ ej‡Z †evSvq Mwie RbMY
we‡kl K‡i wbqgZvwš¿Kfv‡e hv‡`i AwaKvi A¯^xKvi Kiv n‡q‡Q Zv‡`i cv‡k
`vuov‡bv| AwaKvi G¨v‡cÖvP `wi`ª‡`i‡K mgv‡Ri wbw®Œq m`m¨
wn‡m‡e MY¨ K‡i bv, eis wewfbœ Dbœqb cwiKíbv I c`‡¶‡c Zv‡`i mwµq
AskMÖn‡Yi K_v e‡j| AwaKvi G¨v‡cÖvP `wi`ª I cÖvwšÍK RbM‡Yi
AwaKv‡ii ¯^xK…wZ, ev¯Íevqb I Zv‡K mgybœZ Kivi Dci bRi †`q| `vwi`ª,
cÖvwšÍKZvmn me ai‡bi AmgZv gvby‡liB m„wó Ges Zv‡`i Ab¨vh¨,
†¯^”QvPvix wewfbœ cÖwZôv‡bi gva¨‡g Gme wPi¯’vqx iƒc jvf K‡i‡Q|
GwU GKwU Ab¨vq cÖwµqv| GB cÖwµqv wbqgZvwšÍKfv‡e RbM‡Yi
¯^vaxbZv I gh©v`v‡K c``wjZ K‡i| AwaKvi wfwËK `„wófw½i j¶¨ n‡”Q:
 †hme gvby‡li mv‡_ Avgiv KvR Kwi Zv‡`i AwaKvi‡K mgybœZ Kiv,
cÖwZwôZ Kiv;
 `vwqZ¡cvjbKvix‡`i `vwqZ¡kxjZv, Revew`wnZv I ¯^”QZv wbwðZ Kiv;
 `vwi`ª, cÖvwšÍKZv, Ab¨vq I `ytL-`y`©kvi `„k¨gvb wewfbœ welq
wb‡qB ïay KvR Kiv bq eis Gm‡ei g~j KviY¸‡jv wb‡qI KvR Kiv;
 `wi`ª gvbylRb, bvix-cyiæl, †Q‡j-†g‡q mevB‡K Zv‡`i myß m¤¢vebv
PP©v Ki‡Z mn‡hvwMZv Kiv| Ab¨vh¨ I †¯^”QvPvix cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡K
AvBwb I ˆbwZK Dcv‡q †gvKv‡ejv Kiv|
AwaKvi wfwËK `„wófw½ †Kb `iKvi?
AwaKv‡ii cÖ‡qvM I ev¯Íevq‡bi gva¨‡g A_©vr, mgv‡Ri m¤ú‡` `wi`ª I
cÖvwšÍK gvby‡li b¨vh¨ AwaKv‡ii gva¨‡g `vwi‡`ªi `yóPµ †f‡½ †djvi gZ
m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q AwaKvi wfwËK `„wófw½i| AwaKvi wfwËK `„wófw½i `vwe

n‡”Q gvbyl‡K wm×všÍ MÖnYKvix mwµq cÖwZwbwaKvix wn‡m‡e †`L‡Z


n‡e| ÔAfvexi gyLÕ wn‡m‡e †`L‡j Pj‡e bv| `wi`ª gvbylR‡bi Dci GZw`b
ch©šÍ hv wKQy Pvwc‡q †`qv n‡q‡Q †mUv Zviv Avi Pvq bv, Zviv GLb
Zv‡`i cvIbvi Rb¨ `vwe Rvbv‡e| wb‡R‡`i AwaKvi Lyu‡R †ei K‡i Zviv
wb‡RivB wb‡R‡`i Dbœq‡bi `vq-`vwqZ¡ MÖnY Ki‡e MwZ-cÖK…wZ
wba©viY Ki‡e| GKB m‡½ †mev †`qvi Rb¨ `vwqZ¡cÖv߇`i‡KI `wi`ª
gvbylRb Revew`wnZv KvVMovq `vo Kiv‡e| Dbœq‡b AwaKvi wfwËK
`„wófw½ RbMY‡K †mev `vwe Kivi Rb¨ e‡j Ges mvgvwRK Lv‡Z Av‡iv
†ewk wewb‡qv‡Mi Rb¨ `vwe Rvbv‡Z e‡j| Gi A_© n‡”Q `xN© †gqv‡`
GUv Av‡iv †UKmB Dbœq‡bi w`‡K GwM‡q hv‡e|
`vwi`ª m¤ú‡K© Avg‡`i Rvbv-†evSv †_‡K Avgv‡`i e³e¨ n‡”Q, wewfbœ
ai‡bi AwaKv‡ii jsNb Ges A¯^xKv‡ii djvdjB n‡”Q `wi`ª| Avgiv AwaKvi
wfwËK `„wófw½ MÖnY Kie Zvi KviY t
 `vwi`ª I cÖvwšÍKZv m¤ú‡K© Avgv‡`i Rvbv-‡evSv Ges we‡køl‡Yi
mv‡_ GUv m½wZc~Y©;
 `vwi`ª I cÖvwšÍKZv g~j KviY I djvdj `y‡Uv‡KB GUv Zz‡j a‡i;
 `vwi`ª I Ab¨v‡qi Dci GUv ¯’vwqZ¡kxj cÖfve †d‡j;
 `vwi‡`ªi weiæ‡× Avgv‡`i †h jovB, Zvi Dci GUv eo cwim‡i cÖfve
we¯Ívi K‡i;
 ‡mev I civgk© Kg©Kv‡Ûi gva¨‡g `wi`ª I cÖvwšÍK Rb‡Mvôxi Ae¯’vi
cwieZ©b NUv‡Z ¯^í Ges `xN©‡gqv`x `yB iK‡gi
Kg©m~wPi/m¤ú„³Zvi Rb¨B GUv Dchy³|
AwaKvi wfwËK `„wófw½ Gi f~wgKv wK?
AwaKvi wfwËK `„wófw½‡K mvg‡b GwM‡q wb‡q hvIqvi Rb¨ Avgv‡`i
fywgKv n‡e
 AwaKv‡ii A¯^xK„wZ I jsN‡bi weiæ‡×, `vwi‡`ªi weiæ‡× jovB‡qi `„p
cÖwZÁv wb‡q mgv‡Ri Ab¨vb¨ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© e¨w³/cÖwZôvb‡K
cÖfvweZ Kie Ges Zv‡`i mv‡_ m¤úK© M‡o Zzje
 AvbyôvwbK I AbvbyôvwbK wewfbœ Av`vb-cÖ`vb Ges cÖwk¶‡Yi
gva¨‡g miKvix, †emiKvix, Avgv‡`i mn‡hvMx msMVb I Ab¨vb¨‡`i
`¶Zv ˆZix Kie
 Avgv‡`i bxwZ I e¨e¯’v‡K AwaKvi wfwËK `„wófw½i mn‡hvMx Kie|
GKB mv‡_ msMV‡bi mKj Kg©x‡`i †fZ‡i †mB aviY ¶gZv ˆZix Kie
hv‡Z K‡i GUv‡K GwM‡q wb‡q hvIqvi Rb¨ mK‡ji g‡a¨ GKUv
mvaviY mg‡SvZv _v‡K|
 Avgv‡`i mn‡hvMx‡`i I wewfbœ Rb‡Mvôxi AwaKv‡ii jovB‡qi cÖwZ
msnwZ Ges mg_©b Rvwb‡q mKj ¯Í‡i G welq¸‡jvi c‡¶ cÖPviYv
Pvjve| GQvovI Avgv‡`i †`‡ki miKvi †hme AvšÍR©vwZK Pzw³‡Z
¯^v¶i K‡i‡Q †m¸‡jvi AMÖMwZI Avgiv ch©v‡jvPbv Kie|

 MYgva¨‡gi mv‡_ Avgiv †Rvi`vi m¤úK© M‡o Zzje| cvkvcvwk miKvi,


mn‡hvMx msMVb Ges Ab¨vb¨‡`i Kv‡Q AwaKvi wfwËK KvR-Kg©
m¤ú‡K© Zz‡j aie|
AwaKvi KvVv‡gv:
†h‡nZz Avgv‡`i j¶¨ n‡”Q `wi`ªZg I Amnvq gvby‡li AwaKvi mgybœZ Kiv,
myZivs AwaKvi G¨v‡cÖvP ïiæ Kivi mgq Avgv‡`i‡K Ggb GKUv KvVv‡gv
e¨envi Ki‡Z n‡e hv wKbv `vwi`ª m¤ú‡K© Avgv‡`i wbR¯^ we‡køl‡Yi Dci
cÖwZwôZ| AwaKvi wfwËK `„wófw½ Abyhvqx †`Lv hvq `vwi`ª I `ytL
`y`©kvi mv‡_ m¤ú„³ wewfbœ j¶Y AwaKv‡ii A¯^xK…wZ I jsN‡bi d‡jB
m„wó nq| `wi`ªZg I myweavewÂZ gvby‡li AwaKvi jsNb I Gi we‡køl‡Yi
Rb¨ GLv‡b Lye m~¶èfv‡e KvVv‡gvwU Dc¯’vwcZ n‡q‡Q|
GUv Avgv‡`i A¯^xKv‡ii mv‡_ m½wZc~Y© KviY Avgiv ïaygvÎ AwaKvi
wb‡qB Drmvnx bB eis †hme gvby‡li AwaKvi A¯^xKvi Kiv n‡q‡Q, jsNb
Kiv n‡q‡Q Avgiv Zv‡`i w`‡KI bRi †`B|
AwaKvi KvVv‡gv
†hme gvby‡li
AwaKvi
A¯^xKvi Kiv
nq, jsNb Kiv
nq

†Kvb ai‡bi
AwaKvi
Kviv Zv‡`i
AwaKvi
A¯^xKvi/jsNb
Ki‡Q

wKfv‡e AwaKvi
A¯^xKvi Kiv nq,
jsNb Kiv nq

`wi`ª bvix,
cyiæl, †Q‡j-
‡g‡q,
ew¯Íevmx, c_
wkï,
†hŠbKg©x,
Awfevmx
kªwgK
cÖwZewÜ

bvMwiK
mvgvwRK,
A_©‰bwZK,
ivR‰bwZK,
mvs¯‹…wZK

ivóª mvgvwRK
MÖæyc,
ag©xq
cÖwZôvb,
K‡c©v‡ikb,
GbwRI cwievi,
AvšÍR©vwZK
wewfbœ
cÖwZôvb I
Pzw³

wewfbœ ch©v‡q
AwaKv‡ii
¯^xK…wZ †`qv nq
bv| wbqg-Kvby‡bi
†Kvb evjvB †bB
mvs¯‹…wZK I
HwZn¨MZ evav
Av‡ivc AwaKvi
ev¯Íevqb ev
cÖ‡qvM bv Kiv
AwaKvi i¶vi †Kvb
e¨e¯’v †bB `vwe-
`vIqvi Afve
m‡PbZvi Afve

mnvqK Z_¨: 2.2

GKkbGBW GBPAviweG Gi g~jbxwZmg~n


1. `wi`ª cxwoZ Rb‡Mvôxi msMVb‡K mevi Av‡M ¸iæZ¡ †`qv
Ges Zv‡`i‡K AwaKvi m¤ú‡K© m‡PZb Kiv
2. ÿgZvi fvimvg¨nxbZv‡K we‡kølY I †gvKvwejv Kiv;
3. bvix AwaKvi‡K AwaKZi ¸iæZ¡ †`qv
4. Askx`vwiZ¡ M‡o †Zvjv
5. Revew`wnZv Ges ¯^”QZvi wfwˇZ KvR Kiv
6. cixweÿY I g~j¨vq‡bi gva¨‡g Kv‡Ri cÖfve †ei Kiv
7. KvVv‡gvMZ cwieZ©‡bi Rb¨ wewfbœ ¯Í‡ii Kv‡Ri g‡a¨
cvi®úvwiK m¤úK© ¯vcb Kiv
8. MÖnY‡hvM¨ I `xN©‡gqv`x weKí g‡W‡ji gva¨‡g mgvavb
†LvRv

GKkbGBW GBPAviweG‡Z cwieZ©‡bi ZË¡


Kg©m~wP ev¯Íevq‡b GKkbGBW †h cwieZ©b
Z‡Ë¡i AbymiY K‡i _v‡K- Avgiv wekv¦ m Kwi †h,
wbw`ó© D‡Ïk¨‡K mvg‡b †i‡L `vwi`¨ª cxwoZ gvbyl Gi GKK I †hŠ_
†bZ…‡Z¡ D‡`¨vM MÖnY Ki‡jB `vwi`¨ª I AwePvi `~i Kiv m¤e¢ |
G cwieZ©‡bi Rb¨ PvB Zv‡`iB mvsMVwbK I Kvh©Ki †bZ…Z¡|
cvkvcvwk `iKvi msnwZ, AwaKviwfwËK wbf©i‡hvM¨ mgvavb I
cÖPvivwfhvb hv `vwi‡`ª¨i g~j KviY I cÖfve `~i Ki‡Z f~wgKv ivL‡e|

GBPAviweG Gi Kg©m~wP K‡¤úv‡b›Umg~n


• ÿgZvqb
• msnwZ ¯vcb
• cÖPvivwfhvb I
• AwaKvi wfwËK weKí g‡Wj Dbœqb
mnvqK Z_¨: 2.3
†hŠb I cÖRbb ¯^v¯’¨ AwaKvi
1. cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki evuvPvi AwaKvi Av‡Q| Mf©RwbZ Kvi‡Y †Kvb gwnjvi
Rxeb SzuwKc~Y© Kiv hv‡e bv|

2. cÖ‡K¨K bvix cyiæ‡li ¯^vaxb I wbivc` ‡hŠb-Rxeb Dc‡fvM Kivi I


cÖRbb ÿgZv‡K wbqš¿Y Kivi AwaKvi i‡q‡Q| †Rvo-Rei`w¯Í K‡I
Mf©aviY, eܨvKiY ev Mf©cvZ Kiv‡bv hv‡e bv|
3. †hŠb I cÖRbb Rxebmn bvix-cyiæ‡li mgZv Ges mKj cÖKvi ˆelg¨
†_‡K gyw³ cvIqvi AwaKvi|
4. †hŠb I cÖRbb ¯^v¯’¨ †mev MÖn‡Y cÖ‡Z¨K bvix-cyiæ‡li cQ›` I
†MvcbxqZv iÿvi AwaKvi |
5. mgvR, ag©, wek¦vm, `k©b I Kzms¯‹v‡ii cÖfvegy³ †_‡K †hŠb I
cÖRbb wel‡q gy³wPšÍv I M‡elYvi AwaKvi|
6. e¨vw³ I cwiev‡ii ¯^v‡¯’¨i mvwe©K Kj¨v‡Yi j‡ÿ¨ †hŠb I cÖRbb
wel‡q Rvbv I †kLvi AwaKvi|
7. cÖ‡Z¨K bvix-cyiæ‡li weevn, weev‡n cQ›` I cwiKwíZ cwievi MV‡b
wm×všÍ †bIqvi AwaKvi|
8. cÖ‡Z¨K `¤úwZ mšÍvb MÖnb-KLb, KZ e¨eav‡b Ges KZwU mšÍvb
MÖnb Ki‡eb G wel‡q wm×všÍ ‡bIqvi AwaKvi|
9. ¯^v¯’¨ myiÿvi j‡ÿ¨ cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki †hŠb I cÖRbb ¯^v¯’¨ wel‡q Z_¨jvf,
cQ›`mB, wbivc`, Avivg`vqK, gh©v`vc~Y© I wbqwgZ †mev cÖvwßi
AwaKvi|
10. wPwKrmv weÁvb I cÖhyw³i DrKl©Zvi Avwe¯‹„Z m‡e©v”P
MÖnb‡h¨ I wbivc` cÖRbb ¯^v¯’¨ †mev MÖn‡Yi AwaKvi|
11. †hŠb I cÖRbb ¯^v¯’¨ welqwU‡K m‡e©v”P AMÖvwaKvi
cÖ`v‡bi j‡ÿ¨ bxwZ wba©viK/ miKvi‡K cÖfvweZ Kivi AwaKvi|
12. wkï‡`i †hŠb wbcxob I Ace¨envi †_‡K iÿv Ki‡Z wkï AwaKvi
msiÿY Ges Ab¨vb¨‡`i †hŠb nqivwb, al©Y I ˆelg¨mn wbh©vZb †_‡K
wb‡R‡K iÿv Ges KzwPwKrmv †_‡K gy³ _vKvi AwaKvi|

mnvqK Z_¨: 3.1

†mK&ª I †RÛvi
†m·
†m· ev wj½ n‡”Q cÖvK…wZK Kvi‡Y m„ó bvix I cyiæ‡li kvixwiK ˆewk‡ó¨i
wfwˇZ bvix I cyiæ‡li g‡a¨ wfbœZv hv AcwieZ©bxq| D`vniY¯^iƒc- †hgb
GKRb bvix Mf©avi‡Y Ges mšÍvb Rb¥`v‡b m¶g wKš‘ GKRb cyiæ‡li c‡¶
Zv m¤¢e bq| Ggb Kx †KD B”Qv Ki‡j bvix ev cyiæl n‡Z cv‡i bv|
†RÛvi
wbw`©ó †Kvb mgv‡R bvix I cyiæ‡li Kvi †Kgb †cvkvK n‡e, †K Kx KvR
Ki‡e, †K Kx iKg AvPiY Ki‡e BZ¨vw` wba©viY K‡i mgvR| †h‡nZz, Gme
welq mgvR KZ…©K wba©vwiZ,†m‡nZz mgvR cwieZ©‡bi mv‡_ bvix-
cyiæ‡li †cvlvK-cwi”Q`, KvR-Kg©, AvPvi-AvPi‡YiI cwieZ©b †`Lv hvq|

mgvR Zvi Pvwn`v Abyhvqx bvix-cyiæl‡K wfbœ wfbœiƒ‡c M‡o †Zv‡j|


ZvB GK K_vq ejv hvq- Ô†RÛvi n‡”Q mvgvwRK fv‡e M‡o DVv bvix I
cyiæ‡li cwiwPwZ |
Zvn‡j †RÛvi n‡”Q-
1) mvgvwRKfv‡e m„ó
2) mg‡qi e¨eav‡b Ges mgvR †f‡` wfbœZi
3) cwieZ©bkxj
Zvn‡j †m· n‡”Q-
1) kvixwiK
2) me©Rbxb
3) AcwieZ©bxq
4) cÖvK…wZKfv‡e m„ó
†m· I †RÛvi-Gi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨
†m· †RÛvi
kvixwixK mvgvwRK,
mvs¯‹…wZK I
gb¯ÍvwË¡K

mve©Rbxb mgvR-ms¯‹…wZ †f‡`

wfbœ
AcwieZ©bxq cwieZ©bxq
cÖvK…wZKfv‡e m„ó mgvR-ms¯‹…wZ
†_‡K M„nxZ

†RÛvi ‰elg¨: ïaygvÎ bvix n‡q Rb¥v‡bvi Kvi‡Y Zv‡`i ‡ÿ‡Î


†h ˆelg¨ Kiv nq ZvB †RÛvi ˆelg¨|
†RÛvi mgZv: (Gender equality) mvavibZ mg A‡_© e¨envi Kiv n‡jI G‡`i
g‡a¨ †gŠwjK Zdvr i‡q‡Q| mgZv ej‡Z †gvUv `v‡M mgvb Ae¯’v †evSvq|
†RÛvi mgZv ZvB hv bvix ev cyiæ‡li Rb¨ cÖhy³ bxwZgvjv, wewaweavb I
c`‡¶‡ci msL¨v, cwigvb, AvqZb, g~j¨ ZxeªZv BZ¨vw` ‡¶†Î mgiƒcZv ev
AwfbœZv‡K wb‡`©k K‡i| bvix ev cyiæ‡li wewfbœ †¶‡Î mgvb Ae¯’vi wPÎ
†`q|
b¨vh¨Zv : (Gender equity) wKš‘ †RÛvi b¨vh¨¨Zv ev mvg¨Zv gv‡b wbQK
mgvbfv‡e †`Lv bq| eis †h cÖwµqvq mgZv AwR©Z nq,†mUvB n‡jv
mvg¨Zv ev b¨vh¨Zv, mvg¨Zv †mRb¨ b¨vh¨Zv‡K cÖKvk K‡i| b¨vh¨Zv Ggb
GKwU cÖwµqv hv mgv‡Ri AmgZv m„w®UKvix ev e„w×Kvix w`K¸wji Dci
†Rvi †`q | b¨vh¨Zv n‡jv Dcvq Ges mgZv n‡jv Zvi djvdj ev cwibwZ|
b¨vh¨Zv µgk mgZvi w`‡K avweZ nq| †RÛvi b¨vh¨Zv ZvB djvd‡ji †¶‡Î
mgZv Avb‡Z Pvq| bvix ev cyiæ‡li ga¨Kvi ˆelg¨ ev AmgZv‡K `~i Kivi Rb¨

bvix‡K Avjv`v K‡i †`Lvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Zz‡j a‡i †RÛvi b¨vh¨Zv| GK K_vq
†RÛvi b¨vh¨Zv n‡jv bvix ev cyiæ‡li g‡a¨ mgZv wbwðZ Ki‡Z hv `iKvi,
†mUvB Kiv| ‡hgb: evjv‡`‡ki PvKwi‡Z cÖPwjZ bvix †KvUv e¨e¯’v| bvix‡`i
wkÿvi †ÿ‡Î Dce„wË cÖ`vb BZ¨vw`

†RÛvi evDÛ (Gender Bound) ev †RÛvi AbyMZ


†RÛvi AbyMZ `„wófw½ Abyhvqx aviYv Kiv nq †h mgv‡Ri eZ©gvb
wj½wfwËK kªgwefvRb I Zvi †_‡K D™¢~Z bvixi ¯^vfvweK Aat¯ÍbZv nj
AcwieZ©bxq Ges GUv me©Rb ¯^xK…Z, †hŠw³K I ˆea|
†RÛvi evBÛ (Gender Blind) ev †RÛvi AÜZ¡
†RÛvi AÜZ¡ ev †RÛvi eøvBÛ nj hLb A‡nZzK aviYv Kiv nq †h Dbœq‡bi
mydj Avcbv Avcwb mgfv‡e bvix I cyiæ‡li gv‡S ew›UZ n‡e Ges Df‡qB
mgvbfv‡e jvfevb n‡e wKsev mgvb `vq-`vwqZ¡ enb Ki‡e| mgv‡R cQ›`
AcQ›` evQvB‡qi †¶‡Î †RÛvi †h GKwU wba©viK f~wgKv cvjb K‡i Zv GB
`„wófw½ Dcjwä K‡ibv|
†RÛvi evqvm (Gender Bias) ev †RÛvi c¶cvZ`yó
cÖPwjZ mvs¯‹…wZK wek¦vm, ixwZbxwZ Ges we`¨gvb ˆelg¨g~jK mgvR
KvVv‡gvi c¶ Aej¤^b Kiv I bvix‡K Aat¯Íb Kivi g‡bvfve n‡jv †RÛvi
c¶cvZ`yó ev †RÛvi evqvm
†RÛvi m‡PZbZv (Gender Awarness)
†RÛvi m‡PZbZv nj †RÛvi ms‡e`bkxj g‡bvfve Ges Dbœqb cwiKíbv I
Kg©m~Pxi †K‡›`ª bvixi Pvwn`v I AMÖvwaKvi‡K ¯’vcb Kivi GKwU
A½xKvi| ZvB †RÛvi m‡PZbZv cÖwZdwjZ n‡j Zv †h †Kvb Kg©m~Px ev
cÖK‡í j¶¨fy³ Rb‡Mvôx Ges †mB cÖK‡í ev Kg©m~wP‡Z bvixi AskMÖnY
I Zvi mydj b¨vh¨fv‡e e›Ub K‡i|
†RÛvi ms‡e`bkxjZv (Gender Sensitivity)
†RÛvi ‰elg¨ (n‡Z cv‡i bvix wesev cyiæ‡li †¶‡Î) m„wóKvix Av_©-
mvgwRK I mvs¯‹w…ZK KviY¸wj Dcjwä I we‡ePbv Kiv nj †RÛvi
ms‡e`bkxjZv|

g~javivq bvix (Mainsteaming Gender)


bvix cyiæ‡li ga¨Kvi we`¨gvb ˆelg¨ `~i Kivi Rb¨ ¶gZvi Askx`vwiZ¡ I mKj
ch©v‡q wm×všÍ MÖn‡Y bvixi AskMÖnY wbwðZ Kiv AZ¨šÍ Riæix| ˆelg¨
n«v‡mi ‡¶‡Î Dbœq‡bi g~javivq bvix‡K m¤ú„³ Ki‡Yi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv ZvB
Acwimxg|

GB g~javivq bvix welqwU‡K †hfv‡e e¨vL¨v Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i Zvi K‡qKwU
w`K wb‡`©kbv bx‡P †`Iqv nj :
- g~javivi (cÖavb) bxwZ wba©viYx ms¯’v I e¨e¯’vq bvixi welq¸wj
AšÍfz©³ Kiv|
- bvix‡`i Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ ch©vß m¤ú` eivÏ Kiv, Dbœqb cÖwµqv Ges Zvi
djvdj e¨e¯’vcbv I wbqš¿‡Yi †¶‡Î mgvb Askx`vwiZ¡ wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨
bvix‡K m¶g K‡i †Zvjv|
- Dbœqb †¶‡Î mwµq AskMÖn‡Yi Rb¨ bvix‡K m¶g K‡i †Zvjv I Zv‡`i
¶gZv e„w× Kiv|
- bvixi Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ Zv‡`i ¯^v_© i¶vi Rb¨ Kvh©µg MÖn‡Y †emiKvix,
miKvix I mKj g~javivi cÖwZôvbmg~n‡K cÖfvweZ Kiv|
- cÖwZôv‡bi Kg©m~wP Ges KvVv‡gv‡Z bvix Dbœq‡bi welq AšÍfz©³
Kiv|
- †RÛvi m¤úK©, bvix I Zv‡`i Kv‡Q ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welqmg~n Dbœqb,
Dbœqb Kg©m~wP, cwiKíbv I Dbœqb g‡W‡ji AšÍf©y³ Kiv|
- mKj ch©v‡qi wm×všÍ MÖn‡Yi †¶‡Î bvix‡K AšÍf©y³ Kiv|
- bvix hv‡Z mKj Dbœqb Kg©m~wPi mnvqK, mgvb dj †fvMKvix I †fv³v
wn‡m‡e cÖwZwôZ n‡Z cv‡i Zv wbwðZ Kiv|
- cÖwZôv‡bi mKj wefvM I AskB †hb Zv‡`i Kv‡R †RÛvi m¤úK©
we‡kølY K‡i Zv wbwðZ Kiv|
- cÖwZôv‡bi g~javivi cÖKímg~n hv‡Z †RÛvi m¤úK© welqwU
we‡ePbvq wb‡q KvR K‡i Zv wbwðZ Kiv|
- cÖwZôv‡bi mKj Kg©Pvix I wefv‡Mi g‡a¨ †RÛvi m¤úK© I †m wel‡q
m‡PZbZv ˆZix I Kg©Kv‡Û Gi cÖ‡qvM wbwðZ
Kivi wel‡q `vwqZ¡‡eva RvwM‡q †Zvjv|
- cÖwZôv‡bi mKj Kg©Kv‡ÛB †hb †RÛvi mgZv i¶vi †¶‡Î Ae`vb iv‡L Zv
wbwðZ Kiv|

bvix-cyiæ‡li Ae¯’v I Ae¯’vb


Ae¯’v
cwiev‡i ev mgv‡R GKRb bvix ev GKRb cyiæ‡mi Ae¯’v †Kgb Zv †evSvi
Rb¨ - †m cÖ‡qvRbxq Lv`¨ I cywó KZUzKz cv‡”Q, Zvi wk¶v I ¯^v¯’¨ †mev
jv‡fi my‡hvM †Kgb, Avq- DcvR©‡bi my‡hvM Ges ¶gZv Kxiƒc BZ¨vw`
welq¸‡jv we‡ePbv Kiv nq| G¸‡jvi DbœwZ n‡j RxebhvÎvi gv‡b Dbœqb
N‡U| ZvB bvix-cyiæ‡li Ae¯’v ej‡Z †evSvq Zv‡`i e¯‘MZ Ae¯’v †hgb- Lv`¨,
cywó, ¯^v¯’¨, wk¶v, evm¯’vb, Avq-DcvR©b BZ¨vw`i Ae¯’v|
Ae¯’vb
cwiev‡i ev mgv‡R GKRb bvix ev GKRb cyiæ‡li Ae¯’vb Kxiƒc Zv †evSvi
Rb¨--- Zvi A_©-m¤ú‡` AwaKvi I wbqš¿Y KZUzKz Av‡Q, cvwievwiK
wel‡q wm×všÍ MÖn‡Yi I Zv ev¯Íevq‡bi ¶gZv KZUzKz i‡q‡Q, wb‡Ri

gZvgZ cÖwZôv Ki‡Z cv‡i wKbv, mvgvwRK I ivR‰bwZK Kg©Kv‡Û


AskMÖn‡Yi ¯^vaxbZv Av‡Q wKbv BZ¨vw` welq¸‡jv we‡ePbv Kiv nq|
GKK_vq ÔAe¯’vbÕ welqwU mivmwi m¤ú`, wbqš¿Y, ¶gZv, AwaKvi,
gh©v`v BZ¨vw`i m‡½ RwoZ| ZvB ïay bvixi Ae¯’vi cwieZ©b NwU‡q Zvi
Ae¯’v‡bi cwieZ©b NUv‡bv m¤¢e bq| D`vniY¯^iƒc ejv †h‡Z cv‡i D”PweË
cwiev‡i GKRb bvixi Ae¯’v SuywKc~Y© †R‡bI Zv‡K evwo‡ZB mšÍvb
cÖme Kiv‡bv nq| G‡¶‡Î cÖm~wZi Avw_©K m½wZ fvj †_‡KI ïay Zvi
gZvgZ cÖwZôv Ki‡Z bv cvivq wbivc` bq Ggb e¨e¯’v‡K Zvi †g‡b wb‡Z
nq| GLv‡b bvixwUi mgv‡R Aat¯Íb Ae¯’vbB G Ae¯’vi Rb¨ `vwq|
Avgv‡`i mgv‡R bvix-cyiæ‡li Ae¯’v I Ae¯v’ ‡bi GKwU wPÎ wb‡¤œ Zz‡j
aiv n‡jv
bvix cyiæ‡li Ae¯’v I Ae¯’vb
Ae¯’v bvix cyiæl
প wievi M„n¯’vjx ev mvsmvwiK Kv‡Ri

†evSv enb K‡i


mšÍvb jvjb-cvjb K‡i
Lvevi ˆZwi, cvwb I R¡vjvwb
msMÖn K‡i
Lv`¨, cywó, wk¶v, ¯^v¯’‡mev,
cÖwk¶Y I Ab¨vb¨
my‡hvM-myweav Kg jvf K‡i
Avq DcvR©‡bi my‡hvM Kg
`xN© kªg w`e‡mi aKj mn¨
K‡i, AeKvkÑAemi
hvcb I we‡bv`‡bi my‡hvM Kg|

mvaviYZ M„n-e¨e¯’vcbv
Kv‡Ri `vq-`vwqZ¡ enb K‡i bv
Lv`¨, cywó, wk¶v,
¯^v¯’¨‡mev,
`¶Zv AR©b cÖwk¶Y BZ¨vw`
†¶‡Î †ewk my‡hvM cvq
cÖavbZ Avq-DcvR©‡bi
KvR K‡i
Aemi hvcb I we‡bv`‡bi
my‡hvM bvixi Zzjbvq A‡bK
†ewk †fvM K‡i

mgvR mvgvwRK Kg©Kv‡Û


AskMÖnY Ges mvgvwRK
myweavw` †fv‡Mi my‡hvM Lye
Kg
mfv, mgv‡ek, wgwQj, wePvi,
mvwjm I Ab¨vb¨ mvgvwRK
Kg©Kv‡Û AskMÖn‡Yi
my‡hvM †bB ej‡jB P‡j|

mvgvwRK AwaKvi †fv‡Mi


my‡hvM A‡bK †ewk
Aev‡a †fvUvwaKvi
cÖ‡qvM K‡i|
ivóªxq Kg©Kv‡Û
AskMÖn‡Yi
my‡hvM †ewk|

ivóª bvMwiK AwaKvi †fv‡Mi


my‡hvM †bB ej‡jB P‡j
†fvUvwaKvi ivóªxqfv‡e
¯^xK…Z n‡jI Zv cÖ‡qvM
Kivi †¶‡Î bvbvb evavi m¤§yLxb
nq
ivóªxq Kg©Kv‡Û AskMÖn‡Yi

bvMwiK AwaKvi †fv‡Mi


my‡hvM
A‡bK †ewk
Aev‡a †fvUvwaKvi
cÖ‡qvM K‡i
ivóªxq Kg©Kv‡Û
AskMÖn‡Yi

my‡hvM Kg
RvZxq ivRbxwZ I
A_©bxwZ‡Z Ae`vb ivLvi Ges
Zvi mydj †fv‡Mi my‡hvM †bB
ej‡jB P‡j
kªgkw³‡Z AskMÖn‡Yi †¶Î
mxwgZ Ges Zv‡`i
Ae`vb RvZxq A_©bxwZ‡Z
h_vh_fv‡e cÖwZdwjZ
nq bv|

my‡hvM †ewk| RvZxq


A_©bxwZ I
ivRbxwZ‡Z Ae`vb ivLvi
my‡hvM
AwaK
RvZxq A_©bxwZ‡Z g~j
kªgkw³
iƒ‡c we‡ewPZ nq|

Ae¯’vb
প wievi A_©-m¤ú‡` AwaKvi I

wbqš¿Y †bB
cvwievwiK wm×všÍ MÖn‡Yi
my‡hvM †_‡K ewÂZ,
¶gZvnxb I gh©v`vnxb
M„n e¨e¯’vcbv I cwiPvjbv
Kv‡R Zv‡`i Ae`vb
¯^xK…Z bq Ges Zvi h_vh_
g~j¨vqb †bB
gZvgZ cÖ`vb I wm×vš—
MÖn‡Yi my‡hvM AZ¨š—
mxwgZ, cQ›` I Ab¨vb¨ my‡hvM-
myweav †_‡K ewÂZ
Ae‡nwjZ, civaxb I Aat¯—b|
Av‡qi Dci wbqš¿Y †bB

A_©, m¤ú` †fvM I wbqš¿Y


K‡i
msmv‡i wm×všÍ `vZv,
gZvgZ
cÖ`vb I cQ‡›`i †¶‡Î we‡kl
myweav †fvM K‡i
¶gZvevb, ¯^vaxb I
gh©v`vevb|

mgvR mvgvwRK Kg©KvÛ, bxwZ


wba©viY I wm×všÍ MÖn‡Yi
†¶‡Î AskMÖn‡Yi my‡hvM Kg
bvbvb ˆel‡g¨i wkKvi,
†bZ…‡Z¡ Abycw¯’Z
agx©q †Muvovwgi wkKvi,
ˆel‡g¨i wkKvi, ¶gZv I
gh©v`vnxb|

mvgvwRK Kg©KvÛ, bxwZ


wba©viY
I wm×všÍ MÖn‡Y
AskMÖn‡Yi
AwaK my‡hvM
†bZ…Z¡ `vb K‡i
¶gZvevb I gh©v`vevb|

ivóª ¯’vbxq I RvZxq ch©v‡q


wbe©vP‡b cÖv_x© wn‡m‡e
cÖwZØw›ØZvi my‡hvM Kg
ivóªxq Kg©KvÛ, bxwZ
wba©viY I wm×všÍ MÖn‡Yi
†¶‡Î AskMÖn‡Yi my‡hvM †bB
ej‡jB P‡j
†ckvMZ ˆel‡g¨i wkKvi|
me ai‡bi wbe©vP‡b
cÖv_©x wn‡m‡e
cÖwZØw›ØZv Kivi AwaK
my‡hvM|
ivóªxq Kg©Kv‡Û bxwZ
wba©viY I
wm×všÍ Mªn‡Yi †¶‡Î GK”QÎ
AvwacZ¨

ivRbxwZ‡Z AskMÖn‡Yi
my‡hvM LyeB Kg| AvBbMZ
ˆel‡g¨i wkKvi
weevn, weevn we‡”Q`,
mšÍv‡bi AwffveKZ¡ AwaKvi
I DËivwaKv‡ii †¶‡Î ˆel‡g¨i
wkKvi|

ivRbxwZ‡Z Aeva
AskMÖnY|

†RÛvi Pvwn`v
mvaviYZ: Pvwn`v ej‡Z Avgiv gvby‡li Rxeb avi‡Yi Rb¨ AZ¨vek¨Kxq
DcKi‡Yi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv‡K eywS| G mKj Pvwn`v mvaviYZ ¯^vfvweK
Pvwn`v ev †gŠwjK Pvwn`v| wKš‘ mvaviY Pvwn`v I †RÛvi Pvwn`vi g‡a¨
mywbw`©ó cv_©K¨ i‡q‡Q| †RÛvi Pvwn`v †KejgvÎ bvix‡`i| Avgiv Rvwb
†`k-Kvj-cvÎ †f‡` Ae¯’vbMZ cv_©K¨ cwijw¶Z n‡jI, wek¦e¨vcx GLbI bvixiv
cyiæ‡li Zzjbvq cðvkc` Ges GB cðv`c`Zv g~jZ `ywU Kvi‡Y| cÖ_gZ mgv‡R
cÖPwjZ †RÛvi kªgwefvM| †`Lv hvq bvix‡K wZb ai‡Yi f~wgKv
(cybtDrcv`bg~jK, Drcv`bg~jK I mvgvwRK e¨e¯’vcbvg~jK) cvjb Ki‡Z nq|
GB †RÛvi kªgwefv‡Mi d‡j bvixi ˆ`bw›`b KvR, †m Rb¨ e¨eüZ mgq, `vq-
`vwqZ¡ cyiæ‡li PvB‡Z wfbœ nq| bvix‡K AwaK Kv‡Ri †evSv Ges `xN©
kªg w`e‡mi aKj mn¨ Ki‡Z nq| Zv‡`i Aemi I we‡bv`‡bi my‡hvMI cyiæ‡li
PvB‡Z A‡bK Kg| Avi G m‡ei P~ovšÍ cÖwZdj n‡jv cyiæ‡li g‡Zv `¶ I
†hvM¨ gvbe m¤ú` wn‡m‡e wb‡R‡K cwic~Y©fv‡e weKwkZ Kivi my‡hvM
†_‡K bvixiv ewÂZ nIqv| wØZxqZ my‡hvM, AwaKvi, gh©`v, ¶gZv,
wm×všÍ MÖnY I cQ‡›`i †ejvq bvix I cyiæ‡li g‡a¨ we`¨gvb AmgZ| GB `yB
ˆelg¨g~jK ev¯ÍeZv †_‡KB †RÛvi Pvwn`vi D™¢e
g¨vw·g gwjwbD (Maxime Molyneux) cÖ_g bvixi ¯^v_© (Women’s Interest)
Ges bvixi Ô †KŠkjMZ †RÛvi ¯^v_©Ó (Strategic Gender Intarest)
welqwU‡K Dbœqb avivq wb‡q Av‡mb| cieZ©x‡Z K¨viwjb †gvRvi GK
Av‡iv weKwkZ I myMÖwš’Z K‡ib| †RÛvi Pvwn`v `yB ai‡Yi- K) ev¯ÍegyLx
†RÛvi Pvwn`v (Practical Gender Need) L) †KŠkjMZ †RÛvi Pvwn`v
(Strategic Gender Needs)|
ev¯—egyLx †RÛvi Pvwn`v
bvixi cÖvZ¨wnK Rxebhvcb I Zvi KvRKg© m¤úv`‡bi ev¯Íe mgm¨v †_‡K
D™¢‚` nq ev¯ÍegyLx †RÛvi Pvwn`v | GKRb bvix mKvj †_‡K ivZ ch©šÍ
Zvi ˆ`bw›`b KvRKg© Ki‡Z wM‡q †h me mgm¨vi m¤§yLxb nq, ev¯ÍegyLx
†RÛvi Pvwn`v Zvi m‡½ mswkó| A_©vr bvixiv Zv‡`i (eZ©gvb) wZb ai‡Yi
f~wgKv cvj‡b †h me mgm¨vi gy‡LvgyLx nq meB GB ev¯ÍegyLx †RÛvi
Pvwn`vi AšÍM©Z Ges Zv cÖPwjZ †RÛvi f~wgKv cvj‡b mnvqZv K‡i| GB
Pvwn`v c~i‡Yi d‡j bvixi RxebhvÎvi gvb LvwbKUv DbœZ nq, Zvi ˆ`bw›`b

Kv‡Ri †evSv wKQzUv jvNe nq Ges †m¸wj Zvi Av‡iv fv‡jv fv‡e Ki‡Z m¶g
nq| †hgb-bvixi `~i †_‡K Lvevi cvwb Avbvi Kó jvN‡ei Rb¨ M„‡ni
mwbœK‡U GKwU wUDe‡qj ev cvKv K~qv ¯’vcb, DbœZ Pzjx mieiv‡ni
gva¨‡g R¡vjvwb I kª‡gi mvkªq Kiv, wbivc` gvZ…Z¡ wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨
I cywó m‡PZb K‡i †Zvjvi j‡¶¨ ¯^v¶iZv I cÖwk¶Y cÖ`vb, bvix‡K Avq
DcvR©bg~jK Kg©Kv‡Û RwoZ K‡i msmv‡ii Afve wKQzUv `~i BZ¨vw` nj
ev¯ÍegyLx †RÛvi Pvwn`v c~i‡Yi bgybv| ev¯ÍegyLx †RÛvi Pvwn`v c~i‡Yi
gva¨‡g bvixi Ae¯’vi (Condition) Dbœqb NU‡jI Zv mvaviYZ mgv‡R bvixi
gh©v`v e„w× K‡i bv A_©vr bvix cyiæ‡li ga¨Kvi we`¨gvb AmgZv, bvixi
Aat¯Íb Ae¯’vb ev cÖPwjZ †RÛvi kªgwefvM‡K P¨v‡jÄ K‡i bv| GB Pvwn`v
e¨envwiK cÖK…wZi Ges Zv Avï cÖ‡qvRb †gUv‡bvi cÖwZ mvov †`q|
GB Pvwn`v c~i‡Yi DcKiY ev Dcvq¸wj cÖZ¨vnvi K‡i wb‡j bvixi Ave¯’v
Avevi c~‡e©i gZ n‡q|
†KŠkjMZ †RÛvi Pvwn`v
mgv‡R cyiæ‡li Zzjbvq bvixi Aat¯Íb Ae¯’vb cwieZ©‡bi cÖ‡qvRb †_‡K
bvixi †KŠkjMZ †RÛvi Pvwn`vi D™¢e| cyiæ‡li Zzjbvq bvixi Aat¯Íb Ae¯’vb
we‡klY †_‡K GB †KŠkjMZ †RÛvi Pvwn`v wPýZ Kiv nq Ges Zv cÖPwjZ
†RÛvi f~wgKv cwieZ©‡b m‡Pó| bvixi GB Pvwn`v mgv‡R cyiæ‡li Zzjbvq
bvixi nxb Ae¯’vb‡K P¨v‡jÄ K‡i| †gvU K_v ¶gZv, AwaKvi, gh©v`v,
wm×všÍ cÖnY, cQ›`, wbqš¿Y, my‡hvM BZ¨vw` †¶‡Î bvix I cyiæ‡li ga¨Kvi
we`¨gvb AmgZv ev ˆelg¨ `~i Kivi j‡¶¨ †h Pvwn`vi D™¢e nq Zv‡KB e‡j
†KŠkjMZ †RÛvi Pvwn`v| †RÛvi kªgwefvM, ¶gZv, gh©v`v, wbqš¿Y,
AvBbMZ AwaKvi AR©b, mgvb gRyix cÖvwß, m¤ú‡` gvwjKvbv I wbR
Av‡qi Dci wbqš¿Y, wbR †`n I cÖRb‡bi Dci AvZ¥-wbqš¿YvwaKvi,
cvwievwiK wbh©vZb †_‡K gyw³ jvf BZ¨vw` †KŠkjMZ †RÛvi Pvwn`vi
AšÍ©f~³| †h‡nZz GB Pvwn`v bvixi gh©v`v, wbqš¿Y, AwaKvi, ¶gZv
BZ¨vw`i AR©‡bi m‡½ mswkó ZvB GB Pvwn`v c~iY AZ¨šÍ KwVb I mgq
mv‡c¶| AwaKZi mgZv AR©‡bi m¶g nq, weivRgvb †RÛvi Pvwn`v c~i‡Yi
gva¨‡g bvixiv AwaKZi mgZv AR©‡b m¶g nq, weivRgvb †RÛvi f~wgKvq
cwieZ©b Avbvqb Ges Gi djkÖæwZ‡Z bvixi Aat¯Íb Ae¯’vb‡K P¨v‡jÄ Ki‡Z
Zrci nq| GKevi †KŠkjMZ †RÛvi Pvwn`v AwR©Z n‡j Zv †PZbvMZ kw³‡Z
iƒc jvf K‡i, Ges Zv cÖZ¨vnvi ev †K‡o †bqv m¤¢e bq|
ev¯ত egyLx †RÛvi Pvwn`v †KŠkjMZ †RÛvi Pvwn`v
 we`¨gvb †RÛvi f‚wgKv cvj‡b
mnvqZv K‡i A_©vr Rxebhvcb
gvb DbœZ K‡i, ˆ`bw›`b Kv‡Ri
†evSv jvNe K‡i|

 we`¨gvb †RÛvi f‚wgKv cwieZ©b K‡i|


bvixi gh©v`v, AwaKvi, wbqš¿Y,
¶gZv, cQ›` BZ¨vw` cÖwZôv K‡i|

 Zvr¶wYKfv‡e cÖ‡qvRbxq,
¯^í‡gqvw` I Awej‡¤^ c~iYxq|

 `xN©‡gqvw`, Awej‡¤^ c~iY‡hvM¨ bq


ev c~iY Kiv `~in|

 wbw`©ó †cÖ¶vcUwfwËK
A_©vr wfbœ wfbœ bvixi Rb¨
wfbœ iKg|

 mKj bvixi †¶‡Î mvaviYZt GKB|

 ˆ`bw›`b Pvwn`vi ¯^v‡_©


m¤úwK©Z| †hgb- Lv`¨, cywó,
¯^v¯’¨, evm¯’vb, R¡vjvbx,
cvbxq Rj, wbivc` gvZ…Z¡
BZ¨vw`|
 cÖwZK‚j Ae¯’v ev Aat¯Íb Ae¯’v‡bi
m‡½ m¤úwK©Z| †hgb - bvixi
gh©v`v, AwaKvi, wbqš¿Y I
¶gZvnxbZv|

 bvix‡`i c‡¶ mn‡RB wPwýZ Kiv


m¤¢e|

 mvaviYZt bvixiv mn‡RB wPwýZ


Ki‡Z cv‡ib bv|

 bvix‡`i DcKvi‡fvMx iƒ‡c †`Lv


nq|

 bvix‡`i cwieZ©‡bi cÖwZwbwa ev


PvwjKv kw³ wnmv‡e †`Lv nq|

 bvixi Ae¯’vi (Condition) Dbœqb


K‡i|

 bvixi Ae¯’v‡bi Dbœqb NUvq|

 bvix‡`i cÖPwjZ f‚wgKv (†RÛvi


f‚wgKv) ev mgv‡R bvixi Aat¯Íb
Ae¯’vb cwieZ©b K‡i bv|

 bvix‡`i cÖPwjZ f‚wgKv cwieZ©b K‡i


Zv‡`i ¶gZvq‡b mvnvh¨ K‡i|
 bvix-cyiæ‡li ga¨Kvi m¤ú‡K©i
(†RÛvi) Dbœqb NUvq bv|

 bvix I cyiæ‡li ga¨Kvi †RÛvi m¤ú‡K©i


Dbœqb NUvq|

 cÖ‡qvRbxq `ªe¨ I cwi‡ek


†hvMv‡bvi gva¨‡g GB Pvwn`v
c~iY m¤¢e| †hgb- Lv`¨ I cywó
mvnvh¨, bjKzc I cvKv cvqLvbv
¯’vcb, DbœZ Pzjv mieivn,
¯^v¯’¨‡mev cÖ`vb BZ¨vw`|

 wk¶v, m‡PZbZv e„w×, msMVb,


DØy×KiY, ivR‰bwZK AskMÖnY,
AvZ¥wbf©ikxjZv BZ¨vw` †¶‡Î
jvMvZvi cÖ‡Póv MÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g GB
Pvwn`v c~iY m¤¢e|

 GB Pvwn`vc~i‡Yi Dcvq, DcKiY


ev kZ©vejx cÖZ¨vnvi K‡i wb‡j
bvixi Ae¯’v Avevi c~‡e©Kvi
Ae¯’vq wd‡i hvq|

 GKevi GB Pvwn`v c~iY ev AwR©Z


n‡j Zv cÖZ¨vnvi Kiv m¤¢e bq|
শ্রম বিভাজন-

mnvqK
Z_¨
Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB N‡i I evB‡i cyiæl I bvixi KvR wn‡m‡e wPwýZ KvR¸‡jvi
g‡a¨ GKwU my¯úó
cv_©K¨ i‡q‡Q| †ewkifvM †¶‡Î †`Lv hvq †h bvixiv N‡ii wfZ‡i ivbœv-
evbœv, †avqv-†gvQv I
†mjvB‡qi KvR K‡i A_P cyiæ‡liv N‡ii evB‡i †kd/eveywP©, `wR© I
†avcvi KvR K‡i| GKB KvR nIqv m‡Ë¡I N‡i I evB‡i nIqvi Kvi‡Y Gi g‡a¨
GKwU ¯úó cv_©K¨ †`Lv hvq| evB‡i cyiæ‡li KvR †ewk ¸iæZ¡ cvq,

M„n¯’vwj KvR mwZ¨Kv‡ii kÖg wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZB nq bv| Avgv‡`i


mgv‡R
†`Lv hvq †ewkifvM bvix Kg ev webv cvwikÖwg‡Ki Kv‡R hy³ _v‡K, hvi
Rb¨ Kg `¶Zv jv‡M I evB‡i Kg †h‡Z nq| Ab¨w`‡K cyiæ‡liv D”P
gh©v`vm¤úbœ Kv‡R D”P †eZ‡b KvR K‡i, †hLv‡b AwaK DbœwZi
m¤¢vebv _v‡K|
mviv Rxeb a‡i bvixiv wecyj Kv‡Ri †evSv enb K‡i| mg¯Í M„n¯’vwj KvR-
K‡g©i `vq Ab¨vqfv‡e Zv‡`i Dci Pvcv‡bv nq| d‡j Zviv evB‡ii RM‡Zi Avq
DcvR©b I m¤§vbRbK KvR Kivi my‡hvM cvq bv| M„n¯’vwj KvR‡K Avevi
mgvR g~j¨ †`q bv| A_P Gme mvsmvwiK KvR Qvov gvby‡li Rxeb APj|
wKš‘ Zv m‡Ë¡I, cyiæ‡li KvR A‡bK †ewk ¸iæZ¡ ev g~j¨ cvq| GLb Aek¨
A‡bK bvix N‡ii evB‡i wM‡q †ivRMvi K‡i| Z‡e GLv‡bI ˆelg¨ Av‡Q| Kg
gRywii Ges †ewk LvUzwbi Kv‡R Zviv hy³ _v‡K| fv‡jv Avq I m¤§v‡bi
KvR bvixi fv‡M¨ Kg †Rv‡U| Avevi Kg©Rxex ev PvKzwiRxex †g‡qivI Ni-
msmv‡ii Kv‡Ri `vq †_‡K †invB cvq bv| Avm‡j Gme bvixiv GKw`‡K
evB‡i †eZb wb‡q KvR K‡i| Ab¨w`‡K evmvq wd‡i webv †eZ‡bi Kv‡Ri
†evSv gv_vq †bq| Gm‡ei Kvi‡Y bvix‡`i kªgw`em `xN© nq| Zv‡`i Aemi
we‡bv`‡bi my‡hvMI Kg _v‡K|
GLb cÖkœ n‡jv: cyiæ‡li †`‡n wK Ggb A½-cÖZ¨½ ev Dcv`vb i‡q‡Q, hv
Zv‡K mej, mvnmx, Avq DcvR©bKvix, wm×všÍ`vZv, ¶gZvevb K‡i †Zv‡j?
Abyiƒcfv‡e bvixi wK †Kv‡bv ˆ`wnK NvUwZ ev we‡kl A½-cÖZ¨½,
Dcv`vb Av‡Q, hvi Rb¨ †m gvbwmKfv‡e `ye©j, fxiæ, jvRyK I ciwbf©ikxj
nq? Avm‡j bvix-cyiæ‡li GB mvgvwRK cwiPq mgvR †_‡K M‡o D‡V‡Q|
Gi Rb¨ Zv‡`i †`n
`vqx bq| cÖK…wZ gvbyl‡K bvix I cyiæliƒ‡c Avjv`v Avjv`v wKQz ˆewkó¨
w`‡q m„wó K‡i‡Q| wKš‘
ˆelg¨ ev Amg K‡iwb| eis mgvR nvRvi nvRvi eQi a‡i bvix I cyiæ‡li wfbœ
mvgvwRK cwiPq w`‡q‡Q| mgvR bvix‡K GK iKg fv‡e Ges cyiæl‡K
wfbœfv‡e M‡o Zz‡j‡Q I cwiwPZ K‡i‡Q| Avi bvix I cyiæ‡li GB mvgwRK
cwiPqwU ˆelg¨g~jK I Amg| A_©vr bvix I cyiæ‡li GB mvgvwRK ˆewkó¨ I
cwiwPwZ ˆelg¨g~jK I c¶cvZ`yó| †Kbbv mgvR Øviv m„ó GB cwiP‡qi
gva¨‡g bvix‡K g›`fv‡e ev †bwZevPKfv‡e Zz‡j aiv n‡q‡Q| †hgb; bvix
¶gZvnxb, `ye©j, fxiæ, ciwbf©ikxj, jvRyK BZ¨vw`| Ab¨w`‡K mgvR
cyiæl‡K w`‡q‡Q †kªô‡Z¡i Avmb| †hgb; Zviv n‡jv
¶gZvevb, mej, AvZ¥wbf©ikxj, Avq-DcvR©bKvix,
mvnmx BZ¨vw`|
cÖK…Zc‡ÿ µgvMZfv‡e †KD mej ev `ye©j bq eis mgvRwm× wbq‡g
cyiæl‡K mej I ÿgZvevb I bvix‡K `ye©j ev ÿgZvnxb fv‡e| GUv †_‡K ïiæ
nq me©Î| †KD `ÿZv wb‡q Rb¥vq bv G¸‡jv Rvb‡Z I wkL‡Z nq| mgv‡Ri

cÖwZôvb¸‡jvi w`‡K ZvKv‡j †`Lv hvq †h G¸‡jv cÖK…ZMZfv‡e


cyiælZvwš¿K| cwievi, ag©, AvBb e¨e¯’v, Avw_©K cÖwZôvb I
ivR‰bwZK e¨e¯’v mevB wcZ…Zvwš¿K e¨e¯’v I mgv‡Ri Dci wfwË K‡i
iwPZ|
†Q‡j-†g‡q‡`i mgvb my‡hvM †`Iqv n‡j †g‡qivI Zv‡`i `¶Zvi cÖgvY w`‡Z
cv‡i Ges †mme
†ckvq †hvM`vb Ki‡Z cv‡i; hv Av‡M ïaygvÎ †Q‡j‡`i †ckv wn‡m‡e aiv
n‡Zv Ges mgvR I RvwZi Dbœq‡b Ae`vb iv‡L e‡j MY¨ Kiv n‡Zv| †Q‡j
†g‡q‡`i `¶Zv Dbœqb I fwel¨Z cš’v wVK Kivi Rb¨ mgvb my‡hvM †`Iqv
LyeB ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| †Q‡j †g‡q‡`i DØy× Kiæb †Q‡j‡`i ivbœv Kiv Ges
evMvb Kivi gZ Kv‡R MZvbyMwZK Kv‡Ri evB‡i †h mKj KvR bvixivI
Ki‡Q (‡hgb- cywjk, cÖwZiÿv evwnbx, cvBjU, weÁvbx BZ¨vw`) †m¸‡jv
†g‡q‡`i Kv‡Q †ivj g‡Wj wnmv‡e Zz‡j aiæb| GB mKj †ivj g‡Wj
†g‡q‡`i‡K MZvbyMwZK †ckv wbe©vP‡b DrmvwnZ Ki‡e| hv Zv‡`i
mvg‡_©¨i Dci AvZœwek¦vmx n‡Z mvnvh¨ Ki‡e|

‡RÛvi wfwËK mwnsmZv


bvixiv †Kej wj½xq cwiP‡qi Kvi‡Y A_©vr †Kej bvix nevi Rb¨B bvbvwea
mwnsmZvi wkKvi nq| kvixwiK, gvbwmK, †hŠb wKsev Avw_©K ¶wZ nq
ev nevi AvksKv Av‡Q Ggb †h †Kvb ai‡bi Avµgb, Ggb NUbvi ûgKx,
¯^vaxbZvq ev ¯^vaxb weKv‡k evav ev †h †Kvb `gbg~jK AvPib‡K
mwnsmZv e‡j|
mwnsmZvi aiY:
 kvixwK
 gvbwmK
 Avw_©K
 ‡hŠb

mnvqK Z_¨: 4.1


প্রজনন স্বাস্থ্য:

প্রজনন ব্যবস্থা, এর কাজ এবং প্রক্রিয়ার সাথে সম্প wK©Z cwic~Y©

kvixwiK gvbwmK I mvgvwRK Kj¨vbKi Ae¯’v n‡jv cÖRbb ¯^v¯’¨|


cÖRbb ¯^v‡¯’¨i Dcv`vb:
 ‰K‡kvi KvjxY ¯^v¯’¨

 Wbivc` gvZ„Z¡
 cwievi cwiKíbv
 eܨvZ¡ cÖwZ‡iva I wPwKrmv
 ‡hŠb ¯^v¯’¨
 cÖRbbZ‡š¿i msµgY I †hŠb †ivM
 wbivc` Mf©cvZ
 GBPAvBwf/ GBWm mn Ab¨vb¨ ‡hŠb msµwgZ †ivM cÖwZ‡iva
cÖRbb ¯^v¯’¨ wb‡q eZ©gvb msKUmg~n:
cvwievwiK
mvgvwRK
RvZxq
mnvqK Z_¨: 5.1
ˆK‡kviKvj ej‡Z wK eySvq
‰KkiKvj Rxe‡bi Ggb GKwU mgq hLb gvbyl wkï ev eq¯‹ †KvbUvB bq|
wek^ mv¯’¨ ms¯’v ˆKkiKvj‡K GKwU wbw`©ó mgqmxgvi g‡a¨ mv †eu‡a
eis GKwU avc wn‡m‡e wba©viY K‡i‡Q| GB mg‡q wewfbœ ai‡Yi e„w×
N‡U _v‡K †hgb: cÖRbb I †hŠb ˆewkó¨ cwic°Zv (eq:mwÜKvj), gvbwmK
Dbœqb/e„w×, c~Y© gvbyl yn‡m‡e ¯^KxqZv/cwiwPwZ Ges gvbwmK I
Av_©-mvgvwRK ciwbf©iZv w_‡K wKQzUv AvZ¥wbf©iZv
ˆK‡kviKv‡ji avcmg~n
wek^ ¯^v¯’¨ ms¯’v ms¯’vi g‡Z, 10-19 eQi eq‡mi mKj‡K wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix
Ges 15-24 eQi eq‡mi mKj‡K hyeK-hyeZx ejv nq| GB `yB `‡ji
eqmmxgv‡K GKwÎZ K‡i 10-24 eQ‡ii mKj‡K hye mgvR ejv nq
KL‡bv KL‡bv ˆKkiKvj‡K 3 fv‡M fvM Kiv nq:
 cÖvK ˆKki mgq: 10-13 eQi
 ga¨ ˆKki mgq: 14-16 eQi
 ‰Kki cieZ©x mgq: 17-19 eQi
ধাপ অনুযায়ী কৈশরকালীন পরিব Z©b mg~n

cwieZ©b cÖvK ˆKki mgq:


10-13 eQi

ga¨ ˆKki mgq:


14-16 eQi

‰Kki cieZ©x
mgq: 17-19 eQi

e„w× ‡hŠb ˆewkó¨


†`‡Lv hvq
me‡P‡q †ekx
kvixwiK eyw×
N‡U

‡hŠb ˆewkó¨
cÖKU n‡q I‡V
eyw× K‡g
Av‡m| cÖvq
95% D”PZv GB
mgq ˆZwi nq

kvixwiK c~Y©Zv
cÖvwß

Ávb/ aviYv Kv‡Ri


m~`yicÖmvix
cÖfve †evSvi
AÿgZv

m~`yicÖmvix
wPšÍvi ÿgZv
mgm¨vq co‡j
m~mse× wRšÍvi
ÿgZv

fwel¨Z wPšÍv
m~`yicÖm&ix
djvdj wPšÍvi
ÿgZv

gvbwmK `ªæZ kvixwiK


e„w×, kvixwiK
Aeqe I f½yi
cwieZ©b
BZ¨vw` wb‡q
wPšÍvq _vKv

Kíbv I Av`k©
wb‡q Pv‡c
_vKv
wb‡R‡K
me~kw³gvb
fvev
¯’vqx eyw×gËv I
ev¯ÍewfwËK
cwiPq ¯’vqxZ¡
jvf K‡i

পরিবার পরনিf©iZv I

AvZ¥wbf©iZvi
mxgvbv
wba©viY

KZ…©Z¡ ev
wbqš¿Y wb‡q
Ø›Ø

Ab¨vb¨‡`i mv‡_
m¤úK©‡ev‡ai
cwieZ©b

mZx_© `j A¯’vqxZ¡
cÖwZ‡iva Kivi
B”Qv cÖKvk

¯^KxqZv a‡i
ivL‡Z cwiRq
†LvRv
mZx_© KZ©„K
AvPiY aviv wVK
Kiv

mZx_© `j †_‡K
e¨w³MZ eÜz‡Z¡
hvIqv

‡hŠbZv wb‡R‡K †LvRv


I g~j¨vqb Kiv

‡ivgvw›UK
KvíwbK RMr
wb‡q e¨v¯ÍZv
Ab¨ wj‡½i
cÖwZ AvKl©Y

¯’vqx m¤úK©
ˆZwi
cvi¯úwiK I fwel¨r
cwiKíbv ˆZwi

ˆK‡kviKv‡ji ¯^v¯’¨ I Dbœq‡b mvgvwRK cÖfve


 cÖwZeQi cÖvq 1.4 wgwjqb wK‡kvi wK‡kvix, `~N©Ubv, wbh©vZb,
Mf©RwbZ mgm¨v I Amy¯’Zvq gviv hvq, GmeB cÖwZ‡iva‡hvM¨ I
wPwKrmv‡hvM¨
 A‡bK AvPiY ˆKkiKvjxb mg‡q ˆZwi nq, †h¸‡jv Zv‡`i e¨w³M B”Qv/
Avkv Ges mgv‡Ri Rb¨ wKQz Kivi mvg_¨‡K aywjm¨vr K‡i w`‡Z cv‡i

 wK‡kvi- wK‡kvix‡`i ¯^v¯’¨ I Dbœq‡b wewb‡qvM Ki‡j †mUv Zv‡`i


Amy¯’Zv I g„Z¨y SzuwK Kgv‡e| cvkvcvwk, Guv Zv‡`i cÖwZfvi
m‡ev©”P weKvk NUv‡bvi †ÿ‡Î mgvR‡K m‡e©vËg cÖwZ`vb
 wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix‡`i ¯^v¯’¨ I Dbœq‡b wewb‡qvM cieZ©x Rxe‡bi
Amy¯’Zv I g„Zz¨ SzuwK Kgvq, Gi KviY ˆKk‡i †kLv ev †g‡b Pjv
¯^v¯’¨Ki AvPiYvw` Rxebfi Abykxjb Kiv nq
 AvR‡Ki wK‡kvi wK‡kvixB AvMvgx w`‡bi gv-evev wkÿK ev †bZv|
AvR Zviv hv wkL‡e, AvMvgxKvj †mUvB Zviv cieZ©x cÖRb¥‡K
†kLv‡e
 wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix‡`i ¯^v¯’¨ I Dbœq‡b A_©‰bwZK w`KI i‡q‡Q|
Dchy³fv‡e ˆZwi n‡j I ¯^mv_¨ fvj _vK‡j Zviv fvj KvR Kivi mÿgZv
AR©b K‡i Ges Drcv`bkxj I nq|
 m‡e©vcwi wK‡vi-wK‡kvix‡`i ¯^v‡¯’¨ DbœwZ NUv‡bv Ges
wbivcËv wbwðZ Kiv ïaygvÎ wewb‡qvMB bq eis Zv‡`i gvbweK
AwaKvi| RvwZmsN wkï vwaKvi Pzw³ †hLv‡b cÖvq we‡k^i mKj
iv‡óªi Aby‡gv`b i‡q‡Q, †mB †Nvlbv Abyhvqx wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix‡`i
AwaKvi i‡q‡Q- Ó Rxe‡bi, Dbœq‡bi Ges (aviv-24) m‡e©v”P gv‡bi
¯^v¯’¨ I wPwKrmv †mev I cybe©vm‡bi myweav cvIqvi|

wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix‡`i †ivM I ¯^v¯’¨MZ AvPiY


wK‡kvi wK‡kvix‡`i SuzwK I myiÿvg~jK Dcv`vbmg~n
myiÿvg~jK S‚uwKg~jK
 cwievi/ gv evevi mv‡_
fvjevmvi m¤úK©
 gv evevi mv‡_ eÜzZ¡
 Av`k© e¨w³i KvQvKvwQ
_vKv
 ‡Lvjv‡gjv we¤^v‡mi
m¤úK©
 wkï‡`i Dci gv evevi †PvL
ivLv

 gv evevi Ae‡njv
 gv evevi wb‡R‡`i KvR
wb‡q AwZ e¨v¯ÍZv
 gv evevi mv‡_ eÜzZ¡c~Y©
m¤ú‡K©i Afve
 Av`k© e¨w³i mv‡_ Nwbó
m¤úK© †bB
 gv evev‡K fq cvIqv
 gv evev/cwiev‡ii Pvc

 KwVb wKš‘ †¯œngqx evev


gv
 evwo‡Z k„•Ljv eRvq ivLv
 evev gv myLx n‡j wkïivI
myLx
 gv evevi cvi¯úwiK AvPiY
wkï‡`i Dci cÖfve †d‡j
 Nwbó I mnvqK fvB‡evb
 MVbg~jK I fvjKv‡R e¨v¯Í
_vKv
 BwZevPK mZx_©/ eÜz
 Wb‡Ri fvj I g›` m¤ú‡K©
cwi¯‹vi aviYv
 f‚j I mwVK AvPiY m¤ú‡K©
cwi¯‹vi aviYv _vKv
 AvZ¥wek^vmx nIqv
 ¯‹‡j fvj/Av`k© wkÿK‡`i
ms¯ú‡k© _vKvi my‡hvM
 ¯^a‡g©i wewaweavb †g‡b
Pjvi cÖeYZv

 evwo‡Z k„•Ljv bv _vKv


 AwZ ¯^vaxbZv
 m¯Ív‡bi e¨vcv‡i evev gvi
D`vmxb g‡bvfve
 evwo‡Z Ø›Ø K‡jvn
 fvB †ev‡bi g‡a¨ eÜzmyjf
m¤ú‡K©i Afve
 nZvkvMÖ¯’ cwievi
 wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix‡`i Ajm
mgq KvUv‡bv
 ‡bwZevPK mZx_© ev eÜz
 wb‡Ri Dci
Av¯’v/wek^vmnxbZv
 ¯^a‡g©i wewaweavb
m¤ú‡K© AÁZv
 wkÿK‡`i KvQ †_‡K `yiZ¡
ˆZwi

mnvqK Z_¨: 6.1


wK‡kvi wK‡kvix‡`i †hŠb I cÖRbb ¯^v¯’¨
 ˆK‡kviKv‡j †hŠbZv welqK cwieZ©b mg~n
‰KkiKv‡j
- wj½/ ‡hŠb m¤ú‡K© AvZ¥m‡PZbZv
- GKB/ wecixZ wj‡½i cÖwZ AvKl©Y‡eva
- ‡hŠb AvPi‡Yi cwieZ©b- me wKQz cixÿv K‡i †`Lv ev
Avwe®‹vi Kivi AvKv•Lv
- ‡hŠb KvR K‡g©i ïiæ
 ¯^v¯’¨evb wK‡kvi wK‡kvix Kviv

- wb‡Ri g~j¨‡eva wPwýZ Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges †m Abyhvqx KvR


Ki‡Z cv‡i
- wb‡Ri Kv‡Ri `vwqZ¡ †bqv
- ¯^v¯’¨ wewa †g‡b P‡j Ges ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z †mev MÖn‡Yi
gva¨‡g cÖRbb ¯^v‡¯’¨i w`‡K bRi iv‡L

- D‡Ïk¨c~Y© m¤úK©‡K D‡cÿv K‡i


- cÖ‡qvR‡b ‡hŠb Kvh© cÖZ¨vÿvb Ki‡Z cv‡i
- hw` ‡hŠb wgjb K‡i Z‡e AcÖZ¨vwkZ Mf©aviY ev †hŠbevwnZ
†ivM I GBPAvBwf msµg‡Yi weiæ‡× cÖwZiÿvg~jK e¨ve¯’v
M„nY Ki‡Z cv‡i
- hLb cÖ‡qvRb nq ZLb †hŠbZv/ †hŠb evwnZ †ivM/
GBPAvBwf wel‡q Z_¨ †mev MÖnY K‡i
- cwievi I eÜz‡`i mv‡_ memgq Kvh©Kix †hvMv‡hvM iv‡L

AcÖvßeq¯‹ †hŠb m¤ú‡K© Rov‡bvi Dcv`vb


`ªæZ †hŠb K‡g©i m~ÎcvZ
cwiev‡ii f~wgKv: hv‡`i wcZvgvZvi mv‡_ my-m¤úK© _v‡K Zv‡`i †ÿ‡Î
†hŠbwgjb ZvovZvwo ïiæ Kivi m¤¢ebv Kg|
¯‹z‡ji /K‡j‡Ri f~wgKv: hv‡`i wkÿ‡Ki mv‡_ fvj/Mvo m¤úK© _v‡K Zv‡`i
†ejvq †hŠbwgjb fvovZvwo ïiæ Kivi m¤¢ebv Kg|
eÜz-ev܇ei f~wgKv: hviv wek¦vm K‡i †h Zv‡`i eÜz-evÜeiv †hŠb K‡g©
mwµq Zv‡`i †ejvq †hŠbwgjb ZvovZvwoM ïiæ Kivi m¤¢ebv †ekx
wek¦vm-Gi f~wgKv: hviv Ava¨vwZ¥KZvq wek¦vm K‡i Zv‡`i †ÿ‡Î
†hŠbKg© ZvovZvwo ïiæ Kivi m¤¢ebv Kg|
SyuwKc~Y© AvPiY-Gi mv‡_ m¤úK©hy³: hviv Ab¨vb¨ SzuwKc~Y©
AvPi‡Y wjß _v‡K, †hgb g`¨cvb wKsev Ab¨ †Kvb ai‡Yi gv`Kvkw³, Zv‡`i
†ÿ‡Î †hŠbKg© ZvovZvwo ïiæ nIqvi m¤¢ebv †ekx|

‡hŠbZvm¤ú‡K© K_vejvi †ÿ‡Î AvZ¥wek¦vm


 mwVK Z‡_¨i gva¨‡g wK‡kvi-wK‡kvixMY Zv‡`i †`n wKfv‡e KvR K‡i
Ges ‡mB Kv‡Ri m¤¢ve¨ djvdj wK Zv we‡klfv‡e Rvb‡Z cv‡i| Gi
gva¨‡g Aev¯Íe aviYv¸‡jv `~i n‡q ev¯Íe/mwVK welq¸‡jv Rvb‡Z cv‡i|
 wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix‡`i mvgvvwRK `ÿZv cÖ‡qvRb hv AvZ¥wek¦v‡mi
mv‡_ Aeva †hŠbwgjb †_‡K weiZ _vK‡Z mnvqZv Ki‡e Ges hw`
Zvnvi B”Qv K‡i Zvn‡j wbivc` †hŠb wgj‡bi wel‡q `i-KlvKwl Ki‡Z I
mvnvh¨ Ki‡e| hw` Zviv †hŠb wel‡q mwµq _v‡K Zvn‡j Zv‡`i Rxeb-

`ÿZv wkÿv jvf cÖ‡qvRb hv Zv‡`i‡K wKfv‡e KbWg e¨envi Ki‡Z n‡q
wKsev cÖwZ‡ivag~jK e¨e¯’v †bqv †h‡Z cv‡i †m wel‡q wkÿv †`‡e|
 KvD‡Ýwjs Gi gva¨‡g Zv‡`i wb‡Ri wbqš¿Y I AvZ¥wek^vm e„w×
cv‡e
 ¯^v¯’¨‡mevi gva¨‡g wK‡kvi wK‡kvixMY fvj _vK‡e Ges hviv Amy¯’
Zviv my¯’ n‡q g~javivq wdi‡e
 ‡h‡nZz wK‡kvi wK‡kvixMY A‡bK ai‡Yi kvixwiK gvbwmK I
mvgvwRK cwieZ©b I Dbœq‡bi gva¨‡g GB mgq AwZµg K‡i | ZvB
GB mgq Zv‡`i cwievi I mgv‡R wbivc` mn‡hvwMZvg~jK cwi‡ek
Zv‡`i AvZ¥wek¦vm M‡o Zzj‡Z mnvqZv K‡i
Awa‡ekb 8: cÖRbbZš¿ msµgb Ges †hŠbevwnZ †ivM
cÖwZ‡iva

cÖRbbZ‡š¿i msµgY (Reproductive Tract Infection, RTI)


cÖRbbZ‡š¿i msµgb (Reproductive Tract Infection) ev ms‡ÿ‡c (RTI) ej‡Z
†hvbv½ ev cÖRbb A‡½ †h msµgY nq Zv‡K cÖRbbZ‡š¿i msµvgb e‡j|
‡ekxi fvM †ÿ‡Î Gme msµgY n‡”Q †hŠb evwnZ ev STI (Sexually Transmitted
Infection), †Kvb †Kvb RTI †hŠb msm‡M©i Kvi‡Y N‡U bv| †hvbx †`‡k
e¨vK‡Uwiqv I mvaiYZ Ab¨ ‡hgb Rxevby _v‡K Zvi AwZgvÎv e„w×B RTI Gi
KviY n‡Z cv‡i| GQvov Awbivc` †gwW‡Kj I mvwR©K¨vj e¨e¯’vw`i Kvi‡Y I
n‡Z cv‡i RTI|
‡hŠbevwnZ †ivM
‡h me †ivM mvaviYZ Awbivc` †hŠb wgj‡bi gva¨‡g Qovq Zv‡K
†hŠbevwnZ †ivM e‡j, Z‡e †hŠb †ivM †hŠb wgjb QvovI Ab¨vb¨ Dcv‡q
Qov‡Z cv‡i, Z‡e me †hŠbevwnZ msµgY ev †iv‡M cÖRbbZš¿ msµwgZ
nq bv|
‡hgb: M‡bvwiqv, wmwdwjm, GBPAvBwe/GBWm, ‡ncvUvBwUm we, wm
(we‡kl ai‡bi RwÛm), K¬¨vgvBwWqv, nviwcm †RwbUvwjqv, k¨vsµ‡qW
‡hŠb‡ivM Qov‡bvi Dcvq
 Awbivc` A_v©r KbWg Qvov msµwgZ e¨w³i mv‡_ †hŠbwgjbr

 Awbivc` ev msµwgK i³ I i³RvZ `ªe¨ cixÿv bv K‡i MÖnY


 msµwgZ e¨w³i e¨eüZ m~P wmwiR fvMvfvwM K‡i gv`K MÖnY
 msµwgZ e¨w³i e¨eüZ hš¿vcvwZ Rxevbygy³ bv K‡i cybte¨envi
 msµwgZ gv‡qi mšÍvb

‡hŠbevwnZ †iv‡Mi jÿY


‡hŠbevwnZ †iv‡Mi mvaviYZ jÿY ¸‡jv n‡”Q
jÿY cyiæl/gwnjv ‡iv‡Mi bvg

‡hŠbv½ †_‡K cyuR ‡ei nIqv


cÖ¯ªv‡ei mgq e¨v_v I R¡vjv Kiv
Nb Nb cÖ¯ªve nIqv

cyiæl M‡bvwiqv

cÖ¯ªv‡ei iv¯Ív w`‡q njy` cyu‡Ri gZ


†ei nIqv (Z‡e †ewki fvM mgq †g‡q‡`i
‡Kvb jÿY _v‡K bv)
KLbI KLbI cÖ¯ªvi I †hŠbwgj‡bi mgq
e¨v_v I Kó nq

gwnj

‡hŠbv½ GeO Gi Av‡kcv‡k Nv ev ÿZ


KzuPwKi I kix‡ii Ab¨vb¨ MÖwš’ dz‡j
hvIqv

cyiæl I gwnjv wmwdwjm

g~Îbvjx †_‡K cyuR †ei nIqv


AšÍ‡Kvl dz‡j hvIqv
cÖ¯ªv‡ei mgq R¡vjv Kiv

cyiæl K¬¨vgvBwW
qv

cÖ¯ªv‡ei mgq e¨v_v I R¡vjv Kiv


Nb Nb cÖ¯ªve nIqv
KLbI KLbI cÖ¯ªve I †hŠbwgj‡bi mgq
e¨v_v I Kó nq

gwnj

‡hŠwb c‡Z ¯ªve I PzjKvwb


cÖ¯ªve I †hŠbwgj‡bi mgq e¨v_v

gwnjv UªvB‡Kv‡gv
wbqvwmm

‡QvU †QvU †dvmKvi gZ hš¿Yv`vqK


ÿZ ev Nv
cÖ¯ªv‡ei mgq e¨v_v I R¡vjv Kiv
gwnjv‡`i †hvwb c‡_ cvwbi gZ ¯ªve
nIqv

cyiæl I gwnjv nviwcK


†RwbUvwjq
v

e¨v_v hy³ ÿZ
‡hŠbv½ ÿZ n‡Z cv‡i
e¨v_v n‡Z cv‡i

cyiæl I gwnjv k¨vsµ‡qW

‡hŠbevwnZ †iv‡Mi jÿY

wewfbœ †hŠb msµwgZ †ivM Ges †m¸‡jvi GBPAvBwf msµvg‡bi SzuwKi


Zzjbvg~jK wPÎ
‡hŠb msµwgZ †ivM GBPAvBwf
Qov‡bvi SzuwKi
gvÎ

M‡bvwiqv (Syphilis)
k¨vsµ‡qW (Chancroid)
K¬vgvBwWqvj msµgY (chlamydial ifection)
M‡bvwiqv (Gonorrhea)
UªvB‡Kvgwbqvwmm (Trichomoniasis)
nviwcm wmg‡c· (Herprs simpex)

+++
+++
++
++
+
+

‡hŠbevwnZ †iv‡Mi djvdj ev cwiYwZ


 ‡ivMx eܨv n‡q †h‡Z cv‡i
 gv‡qi †c‡Ui ev”Pv bó n‡q †h‡Z cv‡i
 wkï AÜ n‡q Rb¥v‡Z cv‡i
 Rivqyi gy‡L K¨vÝvi n‡Z cv‡i
 GBWm fvBivm mn‡RB AvµgY Ki‡Z cv‡i
 A‡bK mgq g„Zz¨I NU‡Z cv‡i

Awa‡ekb 9: GBPAvBwf GBWm I ˆK‡kviKvj


GBPAvBwf wK
GBPAvBwf A_© n‡jv wnDg¨vb BwgD‡bv‡Wwdwm‡qwÝ fvBivm|
‡h fvBivm-Gi Kvi‡Y GBWm nq| GBWm A_© n‡jv G‡KvqvW© BwgDb
†Wwdwm‡qwÝ wmb‡Wªvg| GBPAvBwf kix‡ii †ivM cÖwZ‡iva ÿgZv‡K
bó K‡i †`q|
hLb †Kvb e¨w³ GBPAvBwf Øviv AvµvšÍ nq ZLb Zvi kixi msµg‡bi mv‡_
hy× Kivi Rb¨ GwÛewW ˆZix K‡i| GBPAvBwf cwRwUf A_© n‡jv ‡mB
e¨w³wU fvBivm Øviv AvµvšÍ n‡q‡Q Ges kixi Zvi fvBiv‡mi weiæ‡×
Gw›UewW ˆZix Ki‡Q| GBPAvBwf cixÿv fvBiv‡mi cwigvc K‡i bv, GB

cixÿvi gva¨‡g i‡ÿ AvBPAvBwf GwÛewWi Dcw¯’Z ev Abycw¯’wZ cwigvY


Kiv hvq|
GBPAvBwf wKfv‡e Qovq
PviwU Dcv‡q AvBPAvBwf fvBivm kix‡i cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z cv‡i| G¸‡jv n‡jv-
1. ‡hŠb m¤ú‡K©i gva¨‡g
2. i³ I i³RvZ mvgMÖx/`ªe¨vw`i gva¨‡g
3. msµwgZ m~uP ev A‡kvwaZ mvwR©K¨vj hš¿cvwZi gva¨‡g
4. GBPAvBwf AvµvšÍ gv †_‡K wkïi kix‡i
cÖ‡Z¨K mgvR e¨e¯’vqB wKQz wKQz Dcv`vb _v‡K †h¸‡jvi cÖfve gvby‡li
AvPi‡Yi Dci c‡o _v‡K| Gi g‡a¨ KZK¸‡jv Dcv`vb e¨w³i Dci wbf©i K‡i
(†hgb: eqm, wj½, Ávb, `„wóf½x, AvPiY I Abykxjb BZ¨vw`)| Ab¨
Dcv`vb¸‡jv cwiw¯’wZi Dci wbf©i K‡i wVK ‡h cwiw¯’wZ‡Z e¨w³wU
emevm K‡i (†hgb: wcqvi/mZx_©, wkÿK, cwiev‡ii I KwgwDwbwUi cÖfve,
`ªvwi`ª¨, mv¤úª`vwqK D‡ËRbv, AvBb-Kvbyb, mvgvwRK g~j¨‡eva
BZ¨vw`); G¸‡jv‡K Òcvwicvwk¦©K Dcv`vbÓ e‡j| †ekxifvM Dcv`vbB
ˆØZfv‡e e¨w³ I cvwicvwk¦©K cÖfv‡ei wgkÖY|

wewfbœ †m±‡ii cÖwZwµqv: mgv‡Ri wewfbœ †m±i ev As‡ki (¯‹z‡j,


cywjk, GjvKvwfwËK wewfbœ KwgwU/BDwbqb BZ¨vw`) GBPAvBwf
cÖwZ‡iva Kvh©µ‡g ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv Av‡Q Ges GB Kvh©µ‡g
AšÍ©f~³ nIqv DwPr| wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix‡`i‡K GBPAvBwf msµvgY †_‡K
wbivc` †eva Kiv cÖ‡qvRb Ges evox‡Z, ¯‹z‡j, Kg©‡ÿ‡Î Ges
KwgDwbwU‡Z Zv‡`i‡K GBPAvBwf ‡_‡K iÿv Kivi Rb¨ cwi‡ek ˆZix Ki‡Z
n‡e|
MVbg~jK Kvh©¨µg n‡jv GBPAvBwf cÖwZ‡iv‡a mvgvwRK A_©‰bwZK I
ivR‰bwZK Dcv`vb¸‡jv, wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix‡`i‡K GBPAvBwf SuywKi g‡a¨
†d‡j Zv e`jv‡Z n‡e|
¯^v¯’¨ †mevmg~n: mKj ai‡Yi ¯^v¯’¨ †mevq GBPAvBwf cÖwZ‡iva welqK
Z_¨ I ‡mev cÖ`vb Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| GB †mev¸‡jv wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix‡`i Rb¨
MÖnY‡hvM¨ I cÖ‡ek‡hvM¨ nIqv DwPZ& †mev¸‡jv n‡jv cixÿv I
KvD‡Ýwjs, GBPAvBwf, hÿ¥, †hŠbevwnZ †ivM, †hŠb I cÖRbb ¯^v¯’¨
BZ¨vw`|

`„p cwiKwíZ Kvh©µg: m‡ev©”P SzuwKc~Y© I bvRyK `j¸‡jv‡K (†hgb :


cyiæl mgKvgx, †hŠbKg©x, wkqve gv`K‡mex BZ¨vw`) DÏxó K‡i ÿwZ
n«vm Kivi j‡ÿ¨ Kvh©µg (†hgb: KbWg, myuB ev wmwiÄ cwieZ©b
BZ¨vw`) nv‡Z wb‡Z n‡e|
wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix‡i` g‡a¨ GBPAvBwf/GBWm AvµvšÍ e¨w³‡`i AvZ¥wek¦vm
evov‡bvi j‡ÿ¨, wb‡R‡`i my-¯^v¯’¨ iÿvi j‡ÿ¨ I Aci‡K msµgY bv Qov‡bvi
j‡ÿ¨ h_v_© I ev¯Íem¤§Z c`‡ÿc MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e| GB c`‡ÿc¸‡jvi g‡a¨
wbivc` I ¯^v¯’¨Ki ‡hŠb Kvh©µg, †hŠbevwnZ †iv‡Mi e¨e¯’vcbv, ÿwZ
n«vm Kiv Ges gv †_‡K wkï‡Z GBPAvBwf msµvgb cÖwZ‡iva Kiv Ab¨Zg|
mgv‡Ri mKj gvby‡li GBPAvBwf cÖwZ‡iv‡a f~wgKv Av‡Q| hw`I, ¯^v¯’¨
†mev Kvh©µ‡gi gva¨‡g ¯^v¯’¨‡mev cÖ`vbKvwiMY AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©
f~wgKv ivL‡Z cv‡ib|
KwgDwbwU‡Z I ¯^v¯’¨‡mev †K‡›`ª wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix‡`i Rb¨ GBPAvBwf
cÖwZ‡iva †KŠk‡ji wewfbœ D`vnib
Kvh©µg ¯^v¯’¨‡mev †K‡›`ª KwgDwbwU‡Z
GBPAvBwf/GBWm
m¤ú‡K© m‡PZbZv
e„w×

GBPAvBwf/GBWm
wel‡q wcZv-gvZvi
mv‡_ gy³ Av‡jvPbv

GBPAvBwf msµg‡bi
SzwK m¤úwK©Z
cÖvmw½K Z_¨ I
mwVK DcvË
Rbmvavi‡Yi mvg‡b
MY gva¨‡gi gva¨‡g
cÖ`k©b

mwVK Z_¨ cÖ`vb wjd‡Ui I ‡cv‡ói


gva¨‡g wK¬wbK
óvd‡`i Rb¨
AvBwf/GBWm
KvD‡Ýwjs I †mevi
Dci cÖwkÿY cÖ`vb

‡hLv‡b wK‡kvi-
wK‡kvixMY mn‡R I
¯^v”Q‡›`¨ co‡Z cv‡i
Ges wb‡Z cv‡i †h
mKj ¯’v‡b wjd‡jU I
†cÖv: cÖ`vb
KwgwDwbwU
‡bZ…e„‡›`i mv‡_
GBPAvBwf
m¤úwK©Z Av‡jvPbv

¸bMZ gvbm¤úbœ
GBPAvBwf/ cixÿv I
KvD‡Ýwjs-G
cÖ‡ekvwaKvi

hw` m¤¢e nq, óvd‡`i


cÖwkÿY w`‡q
nvmcvZvj/wK¬wbK
†_‡K †mev cÖ`vb
cixÿvi ¯’vb¸‡jvi cÖPvi
Kiæb I †mLv‡b

GjvKvi †Kv_vI †mev


‡`qv nq Zv †ei Kiæb|
†mLv‡b wM‡q †mevi
gvb hvPvB Kiæb I
óvd‡`i mv‡_ cwiwPZ
‡nvb|

cÖ‡qvR‡b †idvi Kiæb


Ò4wmÓ wbwðZ Kiæb

Kvh©µg ¯^v¯’¨‡mev †K‡›`ª KwgDwbwU‡Z


mieivn cÖ`vb I cÖPvi KbWg cÖ`vb I Zvi
mwVKfv‡e e¨envi
cÖ`k©b Ges wbqwgZ
e¨env‡ii K_v ej|
hw` m¤¢e nq, Zvn‡j
myuB cwieZ©b
Kvh©µg n‡Z †bqv

mKj ai‡Yi †hŠb


Kvh©µg I †hŠbwgj‡b
KbWg e¨env‡ii cÖPvi|
hw` m¤¢e nq myuB
wmwiÄ cwieZ©b
Kvh©µ‡g
KwgwDwbwUi
mn‡hvMxZvi Rb¨
DrmvwnZ Kiv
wK‡kvi-wK‡kvi‡`i
mv‡_ GK‡hv‡M wg‡j,
wK‡kvievÜe ¯^v¯’¨
†mev cÖ`vb

wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix‡`i‡K
AvK…ó Kivi gZ
cwi‡ek m„wó Kiv
fxwZKi bv nIqv
KbWg wKfv‡e e¨envi
Ki‡Z nq Ges wbivc`
†hŠb wgj‡b wKfv‡e `i
KlvKwl Ki‡Z n‡q Zv
†kLv‡bv|

cieZx© mn‡hvMxZvi
Rb¨ wK‡kvi-wK‡kvi‡`i
†hvMv‡hvM Kivi
¯’vb¸‡jvi wjó cÖ`vb
wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix‡`i
Rb¨ Òmv‡cvU©
MÖæcÓ ˆZix‡Z
DrmvwnZ Kiæb
¯‹z‡j wM‡q ¯‹zj
wfwËK Kvh©µg (óvd I
QvÎ-QvÎx‡`i wb‡q Z_¨
wfwËK Awa‡ekb ) ïiæ
Kivi †Póv)
KwgwDwbwUi
msMVb I †mev¸‡jvi
mv‡_ †bUIqvwKs,
GbwRI ¸‡jvi mv‡_
Askx`vwiZ¡ cÖwZôv

cieZ©x mn‡hvMxZvi
Rb¨ wK‡kvi-
wK‡kvixMY †Kv_vq
†hvMv‡hvM Ki‡e G
¯’vb ¸‡jvi GKwU
wjd‡jU wK¬wb‡K
Uvw½‡q ‡`qv
mv‡cvU© MÖæc †K
KvR ïiæ Ki‡Z mnvqZv
Kiv

GjvKvwfwËK
GbwRI¸‡jv I
‡mevmg~n wPwýZ
Kiv I †`Lv
Ab¨vb¨ †hŠb I cÖRbb
¯^v¯’¨ †mevi g‡a¨B
AvBwf cÖwZ‡iva
†mev cÖ`vb

KZ…©cÿ I wK‡kvi-
wK‡kvix‡`i g‡a¨
gyLcvÎ/gva¨‡g
wn‡m‡e KvR Kiv

wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix‡`i
¯^v¯’¨ †mev †K‡›`ª
Avm‡Z DrmvwnZ Kiv
wK‡kvi wK‡kvix‡`i

wewfbœ cÖwZôv‡b
(¯‹zj, cywjk BZ¨vw`)
wM‡q wK‡kvi-
wK‡kvix‡`i wewfbœ

Rb¨ KwgwDwbwU
†hvMm~θ‡jv ˆZix Kiv
mv‡cvU© MÖæc Gi
KvR ïiæ Ki‡Z mnvqZv
Kiv

welq I †hŠbZv wb‡q


†Lvjv‡gjv Av‡jvPbv

wK‡kvi-wK‡kvixiv me©`vB e‡j †h, GBPAvBwf Ges †hŠb I cÖRbb ¯^v¯’¨


welqK †h wkÿv Zviv jvf K‡i Zv AZ¨šÍ Kg Ges AZ¨šÍ †`ix‡Z cvq| eq¯‹iv
mvaviYZ wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix‡`i GBPAvBwf welqK Z_¨ cÖ`v‡b BZ¯ÍZv‡eva
K‡i| SzuwKc~Y© cwiw¯’wZ‡Z ¯^v¯’¨Ki cQ›` evQvBKi‡Yi Rb¨ wK‡kvi-
wK‡kvix‡`i h‡_ó Z_¨, Rxeb`ÿZv I cÖwZ‡iva c×wZ Rvbv cÖ‡qvRb| wfbœ
wfbœ cwiw¯’wZ‡Z mwVK wm×všÍ †bqvi j‡ÿ¨ I wbivc` Rxeb wbwðZ Kivi
j‡ÿ¨ wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix‡`i m‡PZb I mnvqZv KivB n‡jv mvgMÖxK cÖwZ‡iva
c×wZ|

wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix‡`i GBPAvBwf cixÿv I KvD‡Ýwjs-Gi mgq we‡kl


we‡eP¨ welqmg~n
wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix‡`i GBPAvBwf cixÿv I KvD‡Ýwjs †ÿ‡Î Qvov bv †`qv
we‡kl K‡i wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix‡`i bvRyK Ask A_©vr †hŠbKg©x I
gv`K‡mex‡`i †ÿ‡Î cixÿv Kivi Rb¨ h‡_ófv‡e DrmvwnZ Ki‡Z n‡e| hw` Zviv
ZrÿYr cixÿv Kiv‡Z bv Pvq, Zvn‡j Zviv c‡i hLb cixÿvi Rb¨ ˆZix e‡j g‡b Ki‡e
ZLb Avm‡Z ej‡Z n‡e|
GBPAvBwf cixÿv I KvD‡Ýwjs-Gi mgq Aíeqmx wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix‡`i
welq¸‡jv eyS‡Z cviv
wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix‡`i Aíeqmx †KD eq¯‹ KvD‡K QvovB GBPAvBwf cixÿvi
Rb¨ Dcw¯’Z n‡Z cv‡i| wcZv-gvZv Awffve‡Ki AbygwZ e¨wZ‡i‡K
GBPAvBwf cixÿvi †ÿ‡Î AvBbMZ evav _vK‡Z cv‡i| wKš‘ cÖwZwU
cwiw¯’wZB wfbœ wfbœ| ZvB hw` m¤¢e nq, †mB evjKwUi GBPAvBwfi
SzuwK wbY©q Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i Ges AvR‡K Zv‡K wdwi‡q w`‡j cieZ©x‡Z
†m Avevi cixÿv Kiv‡bvi Rb¨ Avm‡e wKbv Zv LyuwZ‡q †`Lv ‡h‡Z cv‡i|
wcZvgvZvi AbygwZ Qvov GBPAvBwf cixÿv I KvD‡Ýwjs Kiv ZLbB ïaygvÎ
DwPr hLb Zv h‡_vchy³, wKš‘ †m‡ÿ‡Î cwi¯‹vifv‡e Zv bw_c‡Î †jLv _vK‡Z
n‡e Ges m¤¢e n‡j Zv Kgc‡ÿ 2Rb mnKg©x‡K Rvwb‡q ivL‡Z n‡e|
wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix‡`i mv‡_ cÖ_g mvÿvrB GKgvÎ mvÿvZ n‡Z cv‡i

cÖ_g Awa‡ek‡bB my‡hvM wb‡q †bqvUv AZ¨všÍ Riæix KviY GUvB †kl
my‡hvM n‡Z cv‡i †mB wK‡kvi-wK‡kvixwUi mv‡_ GBPAvBwf welqK
Av‡jvPbvi Rb¨| †h‡nZz Zviv wd‡i bvI Avm‡Z cv‡i, †mRb¨ Zv‡`i Kv‡Q
wkÿvg~jK e¯‘ Av‡Q Zv wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e Ges KwgDwbwUi †mevmg~n I
wcqvi mn‡hvMxZvi mv‡_ †hvMm~Î wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e|
GBPAvBwf AvµvšÍ mK‡ji fvjfv‡e †eu‡P _vKvi Rb¨ mnvqZv cÖ‡qvRb|
wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix‡`i †ejvq cwievi I eÜz-ev܇ei mnvqZv g~L¨ f~wgKv cvjb
K‡i| ïaygvÎ GB mnvqZv cvIqv hvq ZLbB hLb cwievi I eÜz-evÜe G
welqwU Rv‡b| KvD‡Ýwjs Zv‡`i GBPAvBwfi Ae¯’v e¨³/cÖKvk Ki‡Z
mvnvh¨ K‡i| Zv‡`i fvevi Rb¨ mvnvh¨ Kiv ev Awfbq K‡i ‡`wL‡q †`qv
cÖ‡qvRb †h wKfv‡e GB welqwU cwievi ev eÜz-evÜe‡K Rvbv‡bv hvq|
‡b‡MwUf GBPAvBwf cixÿvi djvdj Rvbv‡bvi mgq my‡hvM MÖnY Kiv
GBPAvBwf cixÿvi djvdj †b‡MwUf Rvbv‡bvi mgq GKwU Ac~e© my‡hvM
nq SyuwKc~Y© AvPiY I Zv cwieZ©b m¤^‡Ü ejvi KvD‡Ýwjs G‡ÿ‡Î Zv‡`i
GBPAvBwf SyuwKc~Y© AvPiY cwieZ©‡b mnvqZv K‡i|
fwel¨r KvD‡Ýwjs-G hyMj (†hŠbm½xmn) KvD‡Ýwjs-Gi K_v ejv
GBPAvBwf cixÿvi djvdj c‡RwUf n‡j †m‡ÿ‡Î hyMj KvD‡Ýwjs AZ¨šÍ
¸iæZ¡c~Y©| GUv KbWg e¨envi m¤ú‡K© ejvi I GBPAvBwf †b‡MwUf
m½xwU‡K Ae¯’vi m‡½ gvwb‡q wb‡Z h‡_ó mnvqZv K‡i| wKš‘, Ggb
ai‡Yi cwiw¯’wZI _v‡K hLb hyMj KvD‡Ýwjs m¤¢e bq|

wbivc` †hŠbwgjb I ÿwZKi cÖfve n«vm Kiv‡bvi wel‡q ejv


wbivc` †hŠbwgjb ej‡Z cÖ_gev‡ii gZ †hŠb Kvh©µg‡K wejw¤^Z Kiv,
†hŠbm½xi msL¨v n«vm Kiv, mwVKfv‡e I wbqwgZ KbWg e¨envi Kiv‡KB
eySvq|

GBPAvBwf/GBWm-G AvµvšÍ wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix Øviv wcqvi KvD‡Ýwjs


cÖ`vb Kiv
ev¯Íem¤§Z AwfÁZv I mnvqZvi cÖ‡qvR‡b, G ai‡Yi cwiw¯’wZi wKfv‡e
gvwb‡q †bqv hvq †mme wel‡q wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix‡`i‡K Rvbv‡bvi Rb¨

GBPAvBwf/GBWm msµvšÍ wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix w`‡q wcqvi KvD‡Ýwjs


Kiv‡bv hvq|
wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix‡`i g‡a¨ GBPAvBwf cÖwZ‡iv‡a wek¦ ¯^v¯’¨ ms¯’v
(WHO) Gi 4’S †KŠkj
S =‡KŠkjMZ Z_¨ (DcvË I cÖgvY msMÖnKiY) Strategic Information
S =mnvqK bxwZgvjv I cwi‡ek Supportive Policy Environment
S= ‡mevmg~n (†hgb: hyeevÜe †mev) Services (i.e. YFHS)
S = Ab¨vb¨ †m±i /wefvM‡K mnvqZv cÖ`vb Supporting other Sectors (Education,
Youth & Sports etc.)
Awa‡ekb 11: Awbivc` Mf©cvZ
Awbivc` Mf©cv‡Zi KviY
 ‡hgb welq Awbivc` Mf©cv‡Zi ¸iæZ¡ I gvivZ¥K Ae¯’v/wec` wb‡`©k
K‡i, †m¸‡jv n‡”Qt
 ‡mev cvIqvi ‡ÿ‡Î wej¤^
 A`ÿ †mev`vbKvix
 ÿwZ nq Ggb c×wZ e¨envi
 AvBbMZ eva¨mg~n
 ‡mev`v‡bi welqmg~n
Awbivc` Mf©cvZ †e‡Q †bevi KviY
wK‡kvix‡`i Awbivc` Mf©cvZRwbZ Kvi‡Y RwUjZv I g„Zz¨i me‡P‡q eo
Kvib n‡”Q †`ix‡Z Mf©cvZ Kiv| eq¯‹‡`i gZ, wK‡kvi-wK‡kvixivI †mev
cvIqvi †ÿ‡Î †`ix K‡i, GgbwK RwUjZv n‡jI| wK‡kvixiv Mf©aviY Ki‡j †mev
wb‡Z †`ix K‡i, KviY Zviv Rv‡bbv †h †Kv_vq mvnvh¨/‡mev cvIqv hv‡e|
Rvb‡jI Zviv LiPmn wewfbœ Kvi‡Y †mev wb‡Z cv‡ibv| Avevi, Zviv
†mev‡K‡›`ª ch©šÍ †cŠQv‡jI, †mev`vbKvixi e¨envi I `„wóf½xi Kvi‡Y †mev
wb‡Z B”QzK ev AvMÖnx nqbv|
eq¯‹‡`i Zzjbvq wK‡kvixiv †ekx cwigv‡Y A`ÿ †mev`vbKvix Øviv Mf©cvZ
NwU‡q _v‡K| wK‡kvixiv nq wb‡RivB Mf©cvZ Kivi †Póv K‡i A_ev A`ÿ
†jv‡Ki Kv‡Q hvq|
Mf©cvZ Kivi Rb¨ GB eq‡mii †Q‡j-‡g‡qiv A‡bK wec`RbK KvR K‡i _v‡K,
†hgb-mviwf· I Rivqy‡Z †KvbwKQy XzKv‡bv, †hvbxc‡_ MvQ-MvQov ev
wkKo XzKv‡bv A_ev wewfbœ AvaywbK I cy‡iv‡bv JlacÎ gy‡L LvIqv ev
Bb‡RKkb †bqv
A‡bK †`‡kB Mf©cv‡Zi †ÿ‡Î AvBbMZ evav †hgb i‡q‡Q, †Zgwb Mf©cvZ
Kivi e¨e¯’vI i‡q‡Q †Kvb †Kvb †`‡k| Avevi A‡bK †`‡k Mf©cv‡Zi †ÿ‡Î
wkw_j bxwZgvjv _vK‡jI Zv NUv‡Z A‡bK wbqg-Kvbyb gvb‡Z nq hv cy‡iv
welqwU‡K RwUj K‡i †d‡j| †hgb-A‡bK †`‡k wbw`©ó GKwU eq‡mi bx‡P
Mf©cvZ Kiv‡Z †M‡j, †g‡qi ¯^vgx, gv-evev ev Awffve‡Ki AbygwZ
cÖ‡qvRb nq| mvaviYZ: †hme †`‡k Mf©cvZ Kivi weiæ‡× AvBb i‡q‡Q
Ges cÖRbb ¯^v¯’¨‡mev AcÖZzj, †mLv‡bB Mf©cvZRwbZ g„Zy¨nvi A‡bK
†ekx| Z‡e GUvI g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h, bxwZ I AvBbMZ evav bv _vK‡jI,
†mev`vbKvix‡`i mvgvwRK `„wóf½x Mf©cv‡Zi †ÿ‡Î †mev cvIqvi Rb¨ evav
wnmv‡e KvR K‡i|

‡hgb wel‡q AwbðqZv Awbivc` Mf©cv‡Zi ¸iæZ¡ I fqvenZv †K wb‡`©k


K‡i t
 wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix‡`i cÖRbb ¯^v¯’¨ Z_¨ I †mevi mnRjf¨Zv I cÖvwß|
 wbivc` Mf©cvZ Kivi e¨e¯’vi mnRjf¨Zv I cÖvwß
 ‡mev`vbKvixMY, wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix‡`i mvnvh¨ K‡i Ges Zv‡`i cÖwZ
AwePviKm~jf `„wóf½xi cÖKvk NUvq|
 mvgvwRK wbqgKvbyb, wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix‡`i †hŠb welqK †Lvjv‡gjv
Av‡jvPbv‡K Aby‡gv`b K‡i|
 RvZxq AvBb I bxwZgvjv, wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix‡`i Pvwn`vbyhvqx cÖRbb
¯^v¯’¨ welqK Z_¨ I bxwZgvjv‡K MwZkxj K‡i|

Awbivc` Mf©cv‡Zi †ÿ‡Î eq¯‹‡`i Zyjbvq wK‡kvix‡`i hv †ekx nq-


 AweevwnZ Ges A¯’vqx m¤úK©
 cÖ_gevei Mf©eZx nIqv
 Mf©cv‡Zi Rb¨ wec`RbK c×wZ e¨envi Ki
 Mf©cv‡Zi Rb¨ A‰ea †mev`vbKvixi mvnvh¨ †bqv
 mvnvh¨ wb‡Z †`ix Kiv
 ¯^v¯’¨‡K‡›`ª m½x bv wb‡q GKv ev eÜz wb‡q hvIqv

 gv`‡K Avmw³ Rb¥‡bv hv wPwKrmv‡Z evav †`q


 wewfbœ ai‡Yi RwUjZv m„wó nIqv|

Awbivc` Mf©cvZ cÖwZ‡iva Kiv


we‡k¦i wewfbœ ¯’v‡b wK‡kvixiv AevwÂZ Mf©avi‡Yi ci Mf©cvZ Kiv‡”Q,
†mUv AvBbMZ Ges wbivc` bv nIqv m‡Ë¡I| GBme Awbivc` Mf©cvZ eÜ
Ki‡Z n‡j, AevwÂZ Mf©aviY Aek¨B †iva Ki‡Z n‡e| KwgDwbwU/RbMY,
miKvi I †mev`vbKvix‡`i hv Kiv DwPZ|
cÖRbb ¯^v¯’¨ welqK Z_¨ I †mevi my‡hvM evov‡bv
mywbw`©ófv‡e, wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix‡`i Pvwn`v c~i‡b mÿg Ggb Rb¥
wbqš¿Y c×wZ hv‡Z Zviv †e‡Q wb‡Z cv‡i, †mRb¨ me ai‡bi c×wZ Zv‡`i
Kv‡Q mnRjf¨ Ki‡Z n‡e, Riæixfv‡e Awbivc` Mf©cvZ †iv‡a Riæix Rb¥
wbqš¿Y c×wZi f~wgKv cwi¯‹vifv‡e ej‡Z n‡e| wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix‡`i Rvb‡Z
†h c×wZ¸‡jv cvIqv hvq Ges cÖ‡qvR‡b †Kv_vq cvIqv hvq|
wbivc` Mf©cvZRwbZ †mev Pvjyi Rb¨ bxwZ I AvBb wb‡Z KvR Kiv
A‡bK †`‡k, wK‡kvix‡`i Mf©cvZ Kivi †ÿ‡Î AvBbMZ evav i‡q‡Q| AvBb
ch©v‡jvPbv K‡i bZzb AvBb evbv‡bv Riæix| †hme †`‡k Mf©cvZ
cÖ‡qvR‡b Kiv hvq, †mLv‡bI †g‡qiv Mf©cv‡Zi †ÿ‡Î Zv‡`i AwaKvi Av`vq
Ki‡Z A‡bK mgm¨vi gy‡LvgywL n‡q _v‡Kb| Gi Kvi‡Y n‡”Q, AvBb
cÖ‡qv‡M wbwj©ßZv ev ¯’vbxq we‡ivwaZv Ges †evSvmg cÖkvmwbK
wbqg-Kvbyb| Mf©cv‡Zi †ÿ‡Î †mev w`‡Z mswkøó KZ…©cÿ
†mev`vbKvix‡`i eva¨Zvg~jK f~wgKv wbavib Ki‡Z cv‡i| G‡Z wK‡kvix‡`i
cÖ‡qvRbxq †mev cvIqvi †ÿ‡Î AvB‡b bv _vKvi weqlwU wbwðZ Kiv m¤¢e
n‡e|

‡mev`vbKvix‡`i mgw¤^Z Mf©cvZRwbZ †mevi Dci cÖwkÿY †`qv


AvaywbK I cyivZb, Dfq cÖKv‡ii †mev`vbKvix‡`i mgwš^Z Mf©cvZRwbZ
†mevi Dci cÖwkÿY †`qv cÖ‡qvRb, hv‡Z Zviv Mf©cvZRwbZ RwUjZvi jÿY
I DcmM© wPb‡Z cv‡i Ges mwVK e¨e¯’v wb‡Z cv‡i| Zv‡`i Mf©cvZDËi

KvD‡Ýwjs Gi DciI cÖwkwÿZ nIqv cÖ‡qvRb| GBfv‡e, Zviv ¯^v¯’¨ I


mvgvwRK welq¸‡jv †gvKv‡ejv Kivi Rb¨ wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix‡`i mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z
cv‡ib| †mev`vbKvix‡`i Ávb I `ÿZv Dbœq‡bi cvkcvwk,Zv‡`i wb‡R‡`i
`„wóf½x I wek¦vm cixÿv K‡i †`Lvi Rb¨ my‡hvM †`qv DwPZ| KviY, †m¸‡jv
†mev`v‡bi †ÿ‡Î eva¨ wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i|
wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix‡`i iÿv Kivi †ÿ‡Î RbMY‡K m¤ú„³ Kiv|

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