Additional exercise

5.5 Application of differential

calculus:optimization and kinematics
1 A rectangle has perimeter 60 cm. Find the dimensions of the rectangle if the area is to be as
large as possible.

2 An open cylindrical container is to be built so that the sum of the radius and the height is 10 m.
Find the maximum volume of the cylinder.

3 A ball is thrown vertically so that its height above the ground (in metres) is given by
s(t ) = 20t − 5t 2 + 2 . Calculate the maximum height reached and the time when this happens.

4 A particle travels in a straight line so that at time t its displacement is given by

2 23
s(t )= t − 2t + 4 .
3

Find

a an expression for the velocity of the particle

b the time and position of the particle when it changes direction

c an expression for the acceleration of the particle.

© Oxford University Press 2019 Additional exercise 1

 Additional exercise

Answers

1 Dimensions are x,30 − x

Area is x(30 − x )= 30 x − x 2
dA
= 30 − 2 x = 0 when x = 15
dx
d2 A
This is a maximum because = −2.
dx 2
So the dimensions are 15 by 15 which is a square.

dV
2 V =πr 2 (10 − r ) ⇒ =20πr − 3πr 2
dr

πr (20 − 3r )
=
dV 20
So
= 0=
when r
dr 3
d 2V 20
= 20π − 6πr < 0 when r=
dr 2 3
So it is a maximum
and maximum volume = 465.4 ≈ 465 m3

3 s′(t ) =20 − 10t =0 when t =2

and maximum height = 22 m .

1
4 a =
v t2 − 2

1
b t2 − 2 = 0 ⇒ t = 4

3
2 8
s= × 42 − 4 + 4 =
3 3

1 − 12
c a= t
2

© Oxford University Press 2019 2