PHONETICS AND PRONUNCIATION Module 3.

1 The Pronunciation Subject

MONOL INTERNATIONAL EDUCATION
This subject is designed to teach students the Standard American
INSTITUTE Pronunciation. It focuses on the process behind the correct
recognition and accurate production of the different sounds in the
English Language at word and sentence levels.

Module 3.2a The Pronunciation Book

Orientation on the Pronunciation Subject
This guide contains the components of the Pronunciation
subject and its objectives, class procedure, and teaching
techniques and strategies employed.
The Pronunciation books are based on the General Proficiency levels
or Course of the Monol Curriculum – Foundational and Essential.
There are two books in each level, the Student’s Book and the
Workbook.
The number or units depend on the level. For the Foundational levels,
it is one unit per day. Same goes for the first Elementary level. For the
second Elementary level onwards, there are some units that require a
second day of discussion and drills.

Descriptions

Foundational Books are designed for students in the Foundational

course. There are no special rules to be discussed. The drills on these
books are at words level only.
Content Reference
Essential Books are designed for students in the Essential course.
3.1 The Pronunciation Subject These books now contain special rules and drills are now at word
level, and phrase and sentence levels.
3.2 The Pronunciation Book
3.3 Class Procedure Book 1 familiarizes the student with the vowel sounds and Book 2
3.4 Examination familiarizes the students with the consonant.
3.5 Grading System
Parts of the Foundational and Essential Pronunciation Book
The book has several parts which highlight different activities and
objectives intended to develop the student’s pronunciation skills.
About the. This section provides general description about the
featured sound.
Sounding the. This part provides details on how the featured sound is
articulated using the Para-lingual approach.
Special Rules (except in Foundational). This part of the book presents
the important rules on how the featured sound is pronounced in
different pronunciation cases or scenarios.
Let’s practice. This section includes the use of Audio-lingual and Para-
lingual approach in word phrase, sentence and paragraph drills where
the featured sound is used. It incorporates the listening frill (listening
link) for recognition exposure of the students to the featured sound.
(except phrase, sentence and paragraph drill for Foundational)
Homework. Features a Listen and Repeat drill on the sound in focus.
Module 3.2b The Workbook
1. Oral Drill (60 pts)
The students read the different words given focusing on the
featured sound for mastery.
2. 3Rs (optional)
Vocabulary Development. The students gives the meaning of
the featured vocabulary (from the Student Book) then uses them in
sentence.
3. Checkpoint (40 pts)
The students must have the skill mastery on the critical
contents from previous unit. The teacher asks the students one by
one.
Module 3.3 Class Procedure
To ensure competency in the delivery of topics in the foundational
and Essential Pronunciation Books, the facilitation of each topic must
strictly follow the class procedure. Time management should also be
observed.
1. Checking of Homework and Workbook (5-7 mins)
(reviewing the previous topic is incorporated in the
Checkpoint-WB)
2. About the. (5 to 10 minutes)
The teacher lectures on the general description of the
featured sound.
3. Sounding the. (5 mins)
The teacher provides details and demonstrates how the sound
is articulated using the Para-lingual approach.
4. Word, phrase and sentences drills. (35 -40 mins)
At least 80% of the time should be spent on oral practice to
achieve the main goal and objective of the subject.
5. Listening Link.
The teacher will enunciate 10 words and the students will
spell on their notes.
 sample test
Essential Elementary 1
Pronunciation Exam PART III ORAL EXAM
A. Contrasting Sound
Name: ________________________ Score: ______________ Direction: Contrast the following words focusing on vowel sounds. (20 pts.)
Teacher: __________________ Date: _______________
ago – alarm had – head
PART I WRITING EXAM
A. Checking Rules coat – caught ace – ice
Direction: Write T for TRUE statements and F for FALSE statements. (10 pts.)
test – taste boil – bowl
_________1. Stew can be pronounced as [stuw] or [stiuw]
_________2. Most words with two syllables are stressed on the first syllable. loud – load lost – loose
_________3. Double consonants are NOT separated when syllabicating.
_________4. The Schwa sound can be spelled with any of the five vowel letters. ill – eel know - now
_________5. The emphasis that each syllable has in a word is called STRESS.
_________6. A word that has one vowel sound has only one syllable.
_________7. a…e: silent final e makes the –a /eiy/ B. Focused Sound
_________8. Boat and bought are homophones. Direction: Read the following phrases and sentences focusing on the vowel sounds. (40
_________9. The vowel combination –oo can be pronounced /u/ or /uw/. pts.)
_________10. The letter U in the word bury is pronounced /uw/.
Phrases:
B. Enumeration
Direction: Identify the primary stress of each word. (10 pts.) a dollar a dozen poisonous oil

everybody says brown cow

mountain publicity attraction fifteen subway
adjectives and adverbs large octopus

draw up knowledge forward arrow protect

although it is my fault terrible episode

crown on the ground exact answer

PART II LISTENING EXAM
A. Spelling
Direction: Write the correct spelling of the words you will hear. (10 pts.)
Sentences:
1. ____________ 6. ____________
2. ____________ 7. ____________
3. ____________ 8. ____________ The eight potatoes weighed eight pounds.
4. ____________ 9. ____________
5. ____________ 10. ___________ A man sat on the grass looking so sad.

B. Sound Identification I saw a small ball in the mall.

Direction: Write the correct vowel sound (symbol) used in the words you will hear.
(10pts.) Everybody said, “The Red Bed.”

1. __________ 6. __________ Mr. Jones opened the windows of his old car.
2. __________ 7. __________
3. __________ 8. __________
4. __________ 9. __________
5. __________ 10. _________
 Table of Contents (Elementary 1) Pronunciation (UNIT 1)

Unit 1 Pronunciation 1
What is Pronunciation?
Unit 2 Syllable Stress 3
Pronunciation refers to the production of sounds that we use to make meaning. It is
the ability to use the correct stress, rhythm, and intonation of a word in a spoken
Unit 3 The Schwa /ə/ Sound 7 language.

Unit 4 The /a/ Sound 10 Why is Clear or Correct Pronunciation Important?

Unit 5 The /iy/ Sound 13 People understand you easily if you pronounce clearly or correctly. If you pronounce
poorly, even if your grammar is perfect, you will still not be understood.
Unit 6 The /I/ Sound 16 Remember, sometimes one word is enough for meaning exchange to happen!

Unit 7 The /ɛ/ Sound 19 What are the Aspects of Pronunciation I Need to Master?

Unit 8 The /eiy/ Sound 22 You can start from the correct pronunciation of the different vowel sounds and
consonant sounds. Learn and appreciate how your lips, your tongue, your jaw, and
Unit 9 The /æ/ Sound 25 your control of air in your attempt to produce these sounds correctly.

Focus on pure sounds first then work your way up to sounding vocabularies where
Unit 10 The /uw/ Sound 28 your target sound is present.

Unit 11 The /u/ Sound 31 You will naturally learn syllabication and stressing as you get exposed correctly to
more and more words.
Unit 12 The /ow/ Sound 34 Worry on your blending, phrasing, intonation, and the other features of the English
language later.
Unit 13 The /ɔ/ Sound 37
How are my language and the English language different?
Unit 14 The /aiy/ Sound 40
Very, very different!
Unit 15 The /æow/ Sound 43
English is very PHONEMIC. It means everything is based on sounds. The question
“Did you eat?” is pronounced “Jeet?” 80% of the time by native speakers.

While “Kamsahamnida!” is pronounced as “Kam-sa-ham-ni-da!” all the time—very

SYLLABIC.
 sample unit
The Schwa /ə/ (UNIT 3)
Schwa in Different Syllables
understand ____n-d____r-stand [u] , [e]
ABOUT THE SCHWA /ə/
banana b____-nan-____ [a] , [a]
 It is the most common vowel sound in English. elevator el- ____-va-t____r [e] , [o]
 Most words with more than one syllable contain this sound; 98% animal an-____-m____l [i] , [a]
[approximately] of the unstressed syllables is pronounced as /ə/.
apartment ____-part-m____nt [a] , [e]
 Many one-syllable words are sounded /ə/.
 It can be spelled with any of the five vowel letters.
SPECIAL RULES
 It can be spelled with the combination of the five vowel sounds.
 Correct pronunciation of this vowel sound is one of the most important skills  The Schwa can be spelled by all the 5 vowel letters and with the
necessary for clear communication. combination of the 5 vowel sounds.
 The Schwa can also be pronounced even when there is no vowel at all.
SOUNDING THE /ə/
-n’t for the contraction of NOT

 The /ə/ = /uh/ does-ənt is-ənt has-ənt had-ənt could-ənt

 Sounding the /ə/ takes very little effort. Slightly open your mouth and make did-ənt was-ənt hav-ənt should-ənt would-ənt
a short, soft noise. The lips and the tongue are relaxed.

Schwa in the First Syllable  The consonant-vowel sequence -le at the end of a word is pronounced əl
ago ____-go [a] before b____-fore [e] [uhl]
again ____-gain [a] denim den-____m [i]
-əl [uhl]
appear ____p-pear [a] objectv ____b-ject [o]
away ____-way [a] occur ___c-cur [o] ap-pəl sing-əl drib-bəl peo-pəl drink-a-bəl
behind b____-hind [e] unkind ____n-kind [u] ta-bəl a-bəl nib-bəl pine-ap-pəl love-a-bəl

Schwa in the Second Syllable LET’S PRACTICE!

enemy en-____-my [e] items i-t____ ms [e]
soda so-d____ [a] baskets bas-k____ts [e] PHRASE DRILL
listen lis-t____n [e] open o-p____n [e]
1. a day ago
office of-f____ce [i] oven ov-____n [e]
2. behind the door
carrots car-r____ts [o] dozen doz-____n [e]
3. will appear
REMEMBER THIS! 4. a dollar a dozen
Articles Prepositions 5. in the oven
a= ə of = əv 6. lots of items
an = ən to = tə 7. an elevator
the = thə 8. the bad enemy
 9. to understand
Workbook sample
10. a sweet banana
THE /ə/ SOUND unit
SENTENCE DRILL

1. I went to the beach two days ago. Direction: Pronounce the following words and phrases with the /ə/ sound
2. She’s behind the door. aloud. (60 pts.)
3. I want him to appear.
4. The fruit is a dollar a dozen. apartment captain upon triple a cat
5. I bought a basket of sweet bananas. cupboard syrup behind station a book
6. There is an elevator in the apartment. soda method hadn’t able an apple
7. The cake is in the oven.
8. She has lots of office items. SCORE: ________________
9. Listen so you would understand. VOCABULARY DEVELOPMENT
10. I have a basket full of carrots.
A. Provide the synonym and antonym of the words.

HOMEWORK Vocabulary Synonym Antonym

1. method
2. syrup
3. behind
4. cupboard
LISTEN AND REPEAT 5. able
Listen and underline the Schwa sound.
1. Listen and repeat each word.

Some Words with the Schwa Sound B. Construct sentences using the vocabularies above.
ago soda captain occasionally
effect open pigeon garages
explain denim partial poisonous
occur method station panorama
upon syrup cupboard universal
 Table of Content (Foundational 1)
Direction: Write down the words with the /ə/ sound you find difficult to
Unit 1 The English Vowels 1
pronounce on the space provided.

Unit 2 The /ə/ 2

Unit 3 The /a/ 4

Unit 4 The /iy/ 6

Unit 5 The /I/ 8

Unit 6 The /eiy/ 10

2 CHECKPOINT Unit 7 The /ɛ/ 12

Unit 8 The /ᴂ/ 14

SCORE: _____________
Unit 9 The /u/ 16
KEY POINTERS
Unit 10 The /uw/ 18

Go over the following notes. (40 pts.) Unit 11 The /ow/ 20

About the /ə/ sound:

Unit 12 The /ɔ/ 22
 It is the most common vowel sound in English.
Unit 13 The /aiy/ 24
 Most words with more than one syllable contain this sound; 98%
[approximately] of the unstressed syllables are pronounced as /ə/.
Unit 14 The /ᴂow/ 26
 Many one-syllable words are sounded /ə/.

 It can be spelled with any of the five vowel letters.

Unit 15 The /oiy/ 28

 It can be spelled with the combination of the five vowel sounds.

Unit 16 The /iuw/ 30
 Correct pronunciation of this vowel sound is one of the most
important skills necessary for clear communication.
 The /ə/ Sound (Unit 3) LISTENING LINK

1. _____________________
ABOUT THE SCHWA /ə/
2. _____________________
3. _____________________
 This is called the Schwa, and it is the most common sound in the English 4. _____________________
language.
5. _____________________
 It is the most important sound to achieve a native-like pronunciation.
6. _____________________

HOW TO SOUND THE /ə/ 7. _____________________

8. _____________________
9. _____________________
 The /ə/ = /uh/ 10. _____________________
 Make the Schwa with your jaws slightly open, your lips and tongue are
relaxed.

about annoy
HOMEWORK
above offend
adore believe
again control
ahead pencil LISTEN AND REPEAT

Phrase Drill with /ə/ Sound

LET’S PRACTICE!
an apple double trouble
a banana secret garden
WORD DRILL funny doctor seven people
today is Monday that was open
travel alone around the island
ago open travel station of
again upon level lotion the*
about today final garden a
around together rental common an
alone tomorrow total lemon summer
agree continue double famous enough
away eleven people virus funny How well have you pronounced? Rate Yourself: 1 2 3 4 5
along island able distance hungry
among seven single mountain Monday
afraid banana trouble captain America
 PRONUNCIATION UNIT CALENDAR
Advance Foundational
D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 D10 D11 D12 D13 D14 D15 D16
AF1 Vowels ə a iy I eiy ɛ æ u uw ow ɔ aiy æow oiy iuw
AF2 Pro V/UnV pkt bgd Fricatives fθ sshh vð zzh ch j mnng w y r l
U1 U2 U3 U4 U5 U6 U7 U8 U9 U10 U11 U12 U13 U14 U15 U16

Elementary Essential 1
D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 D10 D11 D12 D13 D14 D15 D16
Pro Stres ə a iy I eiy ɛ æ uw u ow ɔ aiy æow oiy
U1 U2 U3 U4 U5 U6 U7 U8 U9 U10 U11 U12 U13 U14 U15 U16

Elementary Essential 2
D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 D10 D11 D12 D13 D14 D15 D16
Pro/ pb fv td kg ch j sz sh zh lr mn θ ð h wy Blend Phras
Voice ng ing ing
U1@2 U3 U4 U5 U6 U7 U8 U9 U10 U11 U12 U13 U14 U15 U16

Intermediate Essential 1
D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 D10 D11 D12 D13 D14 D15 D16
Pro S@S BPI əʌ aɔʌ I iy ɛæ u uw ow ɔ ʌ oiy eiy iuw
æow aiy
U1 U2 U3 U4 U5 U6 U7 U8 U9 U10 U11 U12

Intermediate Essential 2
D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 D10 D11 D12 D13 D14 D15 D16
Pro pf bv vw kg tθ dð sθ s sh ch sh jy rl mn h
/Voice ng
U1@2 U3 U4 U5 U6 U7 U8 U9 U10 U11 U12 U13 U14 U15

Advance Essential 1
D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 D10 D11 D12 D13 D14 D15 D16
Pro BPI/ Stress ə I ər ɔl wu yur ɛr aiyr ow æow æowr ɛ eiy
oiy
U1 U2 U3 U4 U5 U6 U7 U8 U9 U10

Advance Essential 2
D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 D10 D11 D12 D13 D14 D15 D16
Pro BPI/ Stress pbfv s z sh zh tdθð wy ch j rl t kw ks g
U1 U2 U3 U4 U5 U6 U7 U8 U9 U10
 Teacher’s Name Term
Student’s name UNIT UNIT UNIT
P&A Link HW TS WB CP TS P&A LiNK HW TS WB CP TS P&A LiNk HW TS WB CP TS

P&A Performance and Attitude (70 ) - LiNK Listening Link (10pts) - HW Homework (20pts) - WB Workbook (60pts ) - CP Checkpoint (40pts)