COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND

ECONOMICS
EMERGING TECHNOLOGY INDIVIDUAL
ASSIGNMENT

NAME: Workineh Amanu

SECTION: CoBE-FBE-4
ID NO: UGR/7981/16

SUBMITTED TO: Mr. Habtamu Abune

SUBMITTED DATE: March 8, 2024
Individual assignment for the course of Introduction to Emerging Technology
1. Compare and contrast Artificial Intelligence, Machine learning, and deep learning.
2. List and discuss at least four disciplines that contribute to AI and HCI. (Common for both
AI and HCI)
3. Discuss barriers to adopting Emerging Technology.
4. Briefly discuss the different types of Cloud Computing. Discuss the different
technologies that contribute to cloud computing.
5. Briefly discuss the following emerging technologies and how it could be shaping the
future of you and your business or professional:
A. Nanotechnology
B. Artificial intelligence
C. Biotechnology
D. Blockchain technology
E. Computer vision

Answers of the above question

Answer for question 1
Artificial intelligence
 Artificial Intelligence is the process of imparting data, information, and human
intelligence to machines.
 It a way of making a computer-controlled robot or a software that
think similar to the intelligent humans think.
 AI Emphasized how human brain thinks, learn, decide, work and
trying to solve a problem.
 The main aim of AI to introduce a self-reliant machine that can be
think similar to human being.

Machine learning

 Machine learning is one type of artificial intelligence that uses

computer algorithms to build predictive models that can solve
problems.
 Machine learning is based on algorithms that can learn from data
without relying on rules-based programming.

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  For example, Facebook’s news feed uses machine learning in an
effort to personalize each individual’s feed based on what they like.

Deep learning

 Deep Learning is a new area of machine learning that uses

algorithms to work with an enormous amount of both structured and
unstructured data.
 It examines to study of deep neural networks in the human brain.
 It tries to emulate the functions of inner layers of the human brain.
 Since the deep learning technology is modelled after the human
brain, each time new data is poured in, its capabilities get better.
 It accurate such problems like, image recognition, sound
recognition, recommender systems, etc.

Answer for question 2

 The field of HCI and AI covers a wide range of topics, and its
development has relied on contributions from many disciplines.

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 Some of the main disciplines which have contributed to HCI and
AI are:
1. Computer Science
1. Technology
2. Software design, development C maintenance
3. User Interface Management Systems (UIMS) C
User Interface Development Environments
(UIDE)
4. Prototyping tools
2. Cognitive Psychology
 information processing
 capabilities
 limitations
 cooperative working
 performance prediction
3. Language: focuses on the interaction between computers and human.
 languages, enabling machines to understand, interpret, and generate human-
like text.
 Language translation, sentiment analysis, speech recognition, chatbots.
4. Mathematics-is indicates numbers, quantities, shapes, patterns,
structures, relationships and calculation.
5. Philosophy- it involves the fundamental questions about
existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language.
 It examines the nature of reality and human
experience, Computer supported cooperative work
(CSCW)
6. Computer Engineering: It combines elements of electrical
engineering and computer science. It emphasizes design,
development, and integration of computer systems and
networks.

Answer for question 3

Barriers to adopting Emerging Technology
 Lack of Sufficient knowledge
 Timing to make changes and adjust
 Lack ability to implement
 Lack of security concerns
 Budgetary priorities
 Resistance to learning new technology
 Work stress/overload

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  High cost

Answer for question 4

There are 4 types of Cloud Computing
1. Public cloud is open to all to store and access information via the Internet using the
pay-per-usage method. In public cloud, computing resources are managed and
operated by the Cloud Service Provider (CSP).
• Example: Amazon elastic compute cloud (EC2), IBM Smart Cloud
Enterprise, Microsoft, Google App Engine, Windows Azure Services
Platform
2. Private cloud is also known as an internal cloud or corporate cloud. It is used by
organizations to build and manage their own data centers internally or by the third
party. It can be deployed using Open-source tools such as Open-stack and Eucalyptus.
Based on the location and management, National Institute of Standards and
Technology (NIST) divide private cloud into the following two parts
• On-premise private cloud
• Outsourced private cloud

3. Hybrid Cloud Whilst the private and public areas of the hybrid cloud are linked, they
remain unique. This allows a hybrid cloud to simultaneously offer the advantages of
several implementation models. The sophistication of hybrid clouds is very different.
Some hybrid clouds, for example, only connect the on-site to public clouds. The
operations and application teams are responsible for all the difficulties inherent in the
two different infrastructures.
 Example Google Application Suite (Gmail, Google Apps, and Google Drive),
Office 365 (MS Office on the Web and One Drive), Amazon Web Services.
4. Community cloud allows systems and services to be accessible by a group of several
organizations to share the information between the organization and a specific
community. It is owned, managed, and operated by one or more organizations in the
Community, a third party, or a combination of them.
 Example: Health care community clou
Technologies that are contributing to cloud computing
1) Broadband networks and internet architecture
 ISP: internet service provider
2) Data center technology
 Virtualization
 Standardization and Modularity
 Automation
 Remote Operation

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 3) Virtualization technology
 Server [ Virtual server-virtual machine]
 Storage
 Network
 Power
4) Web technology
5) Multitenant technology

Answer for question 5

A. Nanotechnology: Refers to the science, engineering, and technology conducted at the
nanoscale. It is concerned with building ‘things’ – generally, materials and devices on the
scale of atoms and molecules. It encompasses science and technology that manufactures
materials of great help to the improvement of various Areas of society especially health,
environment, energy, electronics, Food, water, and agriculture.
B. Artificial Intelligence (AI): is a rapidly developing field that has the potential to change
our lives in many ways. From self-driving cars and virtual personal assistants, to
sophisticated financial algorithms and medical diagnosis tools, AI is transforming the
way we interact with technology. However, despite its many potential benefits, there are
also limitations to What AI can do, and there are important questions to consider about its
future development and impact on society. One of the most exciting possibilities of AI is
its potential to solve complex problems that are beyond human capability
C. Biotechnology: is the technological application of technology biology oriented to serve
our life. Biotechnology’s potential spans multiple domains, from medicine and
agriculture to energy and environmental conservation. Precision medicine, tailored to
individual genetic profiles, could revolutionize healthcare by offering personalized
treatments and therapies. Genetic modification of crops could enhance their resilience
and nutritional content, addressing global food security challenges.
D. Blockchain Technology: has come a long way since its creation as the underlying
infrastructure for the cryptocurrency, Bitcoin. Over the years, Blockchain has evolved
into a powerful tool that offers increased security, transparency, and efficiency in a wide
range of applications. In this essay, we will examine the evolution of Blockchain
technology and its impact on the future of business and Finance
E. Computer vision: is a subfield of artificial intelligence that deals with acquiring,
processing, analyzing, and making sense of visual data such as digital images and videos.
It is one of the most compelling types of artificial intelligence that we regularly
implement in our daily routine.
 Computer vision helps to understand the complexity of the human vision system
and trains computer systems to interpret and gain a high- level understanding of
digital images or videos. In the early days, developing a machine system having
human-like intelligence was just a dream, but with the advancement of artificial

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intelligence and machine learning, it also became possible. Similarly, such
intelligent systems have been developed that can “see” and interpret the world
around them, similar to human eyes. The fiction of yesterday has become the
fact of today.

THANK YOU
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