Magnetic Effects

of Electric Current
Digitalised Handwritten Notes
Free Integrated QUIZ!
 What is magnetic effect ?
When current flows, it produces a magnetic field !
 Magnet and it's
Properties

A magnet is a material that can produce a magnetic

field around it. Due to this, a magnet can attract
ferromagnetic materials like iron and attract or repel
other magnets
Like poles repel each other.

Unlike poles attract each other.

A free suspended magnet always points towards

the North and South direction.
What is MAGNETIC FIELD?
KYA HOTI HAI MAGNETIC FIELD?
The area around a magnet where a magnetic force is
experienced is called the "MAGNETIC FIELD"
IS MAGNETIC FIELD VISIBLE ?
Magnetic field lines are not visible!
 MAGNETIC FIELD LINES

The magnetic field is represented by magnetic field lines.

The imaginary lines of magnetic field around a magnet are

called field line or field line of magnet.
 MAGNETIC FIELD LINES
PROPERTIES!
1. Magnetic field line goes from north pole to south pole,
when outside the magnet.
2. ⋅ Magnetic field line goes from south pole to north pole,
when inside the magnet.
3. ⋅ Magnetic field lines appear as concentric lines and no
two lines intersect each other.
4. ⋅ Magnetic field lines are closer to each other when they
are near the magnet but become farther from each other
when they are far from the magnet.
5. ⋅ Closeness of field lines shows the strength of magnetic
field.
 If a current carrying conductor is imagined to be
held in right hand such that thumb points in
direction of current,then curled fingers of hand
indicate the direction of magnetic field. If current
flows in upward direction then direction will be
anticlockwise.
Right Hand Thumb Rule

If a current carrying conductor is imagined to be held

in right hand such that thumb points in direction of
current,then curled fingers of hand indicate the
direction of magnetic field. If current flows in upward
direction then direction will be anticlockwise.
MAGNETIC FIELD IS DUE TO A STRAIGHT CURRENT-
CARRYING CONDUCTOR.

The magnetic field is in the form of concentric circles.

The direction can be determined by Right Hand thumb rule
MAGNETIC FIELD IS DUE TO A STRAIGHT
CURRENT-CARRYING CONDUCTOR.

If the direction of current changes, the direction

of magnetic field lines also changes.

If the amount of current flowing increases,

the strength of magnetic field will increase.
MAGNETIC FIELD DUE TO CURRENT THROUGH
A CIRCULAR LOOP.
Magnetic Field due to a Current
in a Solenoid

It is a coil containing many circular turns. These wires are

wrapped closely in the shape of a cylinder.
 Solenoid and Bar magnet

The strong magnetic field inside the solenoid is so

strong that it can be used to magnetize a piece of
soft iron when it is placed inside the coil. The
magnet formed like this is called a Electromagnet
 ELECTROMAGNET
A magnet that consists of a piece of iron or steel
surrounded by a coil is known as an
electromagnet. When an electric current is passed
through the coil, the metal becomes magnetic.
 Fleming's left hand rule

Fleming's left hand rule is used to determine the direction of force exerted
on a current carrying wire placed in a magnetic field.

If the thumb, index finger (along magnetic field) and middle finger(along
current) are held mutually perpendicular as shown, then thumb gives the
direction of force on the wire.
 Electric motor
A device the converts electrical
energy into mechanical energy
 Working Principle
The principle of the electric motor is based on the
fact that a current carrying conductor produces a
magnetic field around it. A current carrying
conductor placed perpendicular to magnetic field
experiences a force.
 Applications

Fan Computer Washing Machine

 Electromagnetic Induction

Electromagnetic Induction was

discovered by Michael Faraday in 1831

The Phenomenon/Process of generation of current in a coil

when it is subjected to change in magnetic field.
FLEMING'S RIGHT HAND THUMB RULE

Fleming's right hand rule states to hold the forefinger, middle

finger and thumb of right hand mutually perpendicular to
each other so that the forefinger points in the direction of
external magnetic field and thumb points in the direction of
motion of conductor. Now the direction in which the middle
finger is pointed gives the direction of induced current in the
conductor.