The Influence of ChatGPT on Academic Performance: A Thorough Examination of

Student Participation, Learning Results, and the Efficacy of Education

A Thesis Presented to the

Department of Senior High School

NU Laguna

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

for the course Practical Research

Submitted by
Abrenilla, Alfonso Gabriel M.
Burgos, Justin Rein
Molino, Ethan Josh C.

2024
 Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION

Introduction and Background of the Study

Students are beginning to rely on ChatGPT for various purposes, including homework
assistance, essay writing, and clarification of complex concepts. ChatGPT has the potential to
revolutionize education by providing personalized learning environments. Chatbots have the
potential to change education by providing students with immediate assistance, answers to their
questions, and improved learning experiences (Shehab Eldeen Ayman et al. 2023). ChatGPT is
poised to revolutionize education by offering immediate assistance, personalized learning
experiences, and access to vast educational resources. ChatGPT's versatility enables it to
generate high-quality educational content across various topics, enhancing comprehension and
engagement. ChatGPT provides students with a comfortable learning environment and a
thorough understanding of complex concepts. Through ChatGPT, they can use unique interaction
with text-based research and teaching material to gain immediate access to more training content
(Snehnath Neendoor, 2023). ChatGPT is designed to allow users to learn effectively and achieve
academic success through personalized guidance. Students are influenced by ChatGPT by
providing human-like tutoring which they began to rely on. Suppose ChatGPT can provide
students with a sense of connection and support. In that case, it can potentially enhance their
motivation for performing learning activities as fulfilling the needs associated with being socially
connected and feeling part of an educational environment (Kevin D. Caratiquit, Lovely Jean C.
Caratiquit, 2023). ChatGPT revolves around creating a supportive and engaging learning
environment that addresses students' social and emotional needs. While it may not replicate the
interpersonal dynamics of human instructors, ChatGPT aims to fulfill students' requirements for
companionship, guidance, and connectedness, thereby enhancing their motivation and overall
learning experience.

Students who rely heavily on ChatGPT are experiencing a negative impact on their
academic performance, specifically in terms of diminished critical thinking and independent
problem-solving skills. This issue is particularly prevalent in online learning settings, where
students tend to excessively depend on ChatGPT for instant assistance, undermining their
engagement with course materials and traditional educational approaches. The study by Buriak
and colleagues provides a critical perspective on the limitations of AI-based language bots,
arguing that the output of AI models like ChatGPT must be carefully reviewed to prevent errors,
missing information, or unrelated claims. This supports the notion that relying on ChatGPT may
have negative consequences on academic performance due to potential inaccuracies or lack of
deep analysis (Buriak et al., 2023). Zhai's study explores the potential educational implications
of ChatGPT, suggesting that ChatGPT may significantly influence learning objectives,
assessment processes, and learning activities. This supports the idea that students heavily relying
on ChatGPT may face challenges in developing critical thinking and independent problem-
solving skills, impacting their academic performance (Zhai, 2022). Bin-Hady and colleagues
conducted a global study on ChatGPT in English learning, highlighting its anticipated positive
impact on language skills and the learning process. This contrasts with the problem presented in
the research title, emphasizing the need for a thorough examination of ChatGPT's influence on
academic performance, including potential negative consequences such as diminished critical
thinking skills (Bin-Hady et al., 2023).

Many students nowadays rely on the use of chatbots because they can easily give answers
to questions, assignments, and even exams without the student putting an effort, resulting in
many schools banning such use on their campuses as it relies on cheating and plagiarism. Based
on Education Science, the bad cause of using chatbots is the abuse that they can easily access
chatbots. Mhlanga examined around sixty papers that address whether chatbots can commit
plagiarism. Mhalanga and Sallam conducted in-depth analyses to determine the potential
advantages and risks of chatbots for education. This supports that chatbots can be treats that can
affect our education and life (Chung Kwan Lo 2023). Using a chatbot has drawbacks: it might
provide you with misleading information, as evidenced by the FBI's 2021 research that found
chatbots to be the source of phishing scams. This supports that we just need to identify if it can
give us true information or false information (Korab Dragidella 2023). Md. Mostafizer Rahman
and Yutaka Watanobe said threats to the traditional research and education system posed by
ChatGPT include the potential for online exam cheating, the ability to generate writing that is
human-like, a reduction in critical thinking abilities, and challenges in assessing the information
produced by ChatGPT. This supports that we need to work hard for our education not just need a
Chatbot to pass just like online exams (Md. Mostafizer Rahman and Yutaka Watanobe, 2023).

The researchers will examine the influence of ChatGPT on the academic performances of
senior high students grades 11 and 12 of National University Laguna. They will conduct
quantitative research and surveying to examine the level of influence the use of ChatGPT on
students and our target number of respondents is 100 senior high students who use ChatGPT.
The researcher aims to know the influence of using ChatGPT and how it influences a student’s
academic performance. By examining its influence on students’ learning outcomes and
participation.

Statement of the Problem

Many students rely on ChatGPT as a source of information, assistance, and guidance for
various academic tasks. However, without proper discernment and critical thinking skills,
students may become overly dependent on ChatGPT, potentially hindering their ability to
develop independent research, problem-solving, and analytical skills essential for academic
success and personal growth.

1. How often does a student use ChatGPT? On what subjects do they use ChatGPT?
2. What is the level of academic performance of students using ChatGPT? Does it
influence or not?
3. Are there demographic factors that affect the relationship between ChatGPT usage and
academic performance?
Theoretical/Conceptual Framework

Conceptual framework:
The conceptual framework for our study, "The Influence of ChatGPT on Academic
Performance," provides an organized guide for the research process. At first, our objective is to
understand students' ChatGPT usage in terms of frequency and subjects. Then, the framework
directs data analysis, emphasizing quantitative aspects. It aims to assess the impact of ChatGPT
on academic performance, considering learning outcomes and participation levels. Demographic
factors are investigated to determine their potential influence.

The conceptual framework used to show the figures of this study is presented following the
Input-Process-Output Model.

Theoretical framework:

This study focuses on Albert Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory, which emphasizes the
significance of observational learning, imitation, and demonstration in shaping behavior. In our
investigation, this theory offers insight into how students' engagements with ChatGPT can
impact their academic performance. According to Bandura's theory, that learning occurs not just
through direct experiences but also by observing and imitating others. By applying this theory to
our study, students can potentially adopt academic behaviors and strategies based on their
interactions with ChatGPT, which can affect their learning results.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
The study aims to identify the influence of ChatGPT on academic performance. The
researchers chose the topic “The Influence of ChatGPT in Academic Performance” among other
topics. The reason for this is that the researchers wanted to know the influence of ChatGPT on
students’ academic performance and the most popular and used chatbot. This study will be
quantitative research and will conduct a survey to gather data for the study. They chose Senior
High Students of NU Laguna because they are the ones who are most likely to start using and
currently using ChatGPT in different types of activities. It will focus on respondents from senior
high students to gather information. We want to know how ChatGPT influences their academic
performance.

Significance of the Study

This study is conducted to know the influence of ChatGPT on academic performances.

The research study that was conducted will be benefited by the following:

• Students – the result of this research study will help to determine if ChatGPT influences
their academic performance and if they are relying too much on it.

• Parents - the result of this research study will provide them with information to know
more about how ChatGPT works and how it influences a student.

• Future Researcher – the result of this research study will provide them with information
which they can also use for future study about ChatGPT.

• Teachers - the result of this research study will provide them with information about how
ChatGPT provides a student’s needs.

Definition of Terms (Operationally defined)

• Academic performance - How well a student performs in school generally, including

grades, test scores, and learning outcomes.
• Assessment processes - The variety of methods and instruments employed for measuring
students' academic growth and progress at different stages.
• ChatGPT - is an AI language model created by OpenAI that can comprehend and interact
with natural language inputs, in a manner.
• Cheating - Describes unsportsmanlike behavior where students aim at wrongfully
acquiring academic accolades or boosting grades via unauthorized materials or
techniques commonly categorized as cheating shifting ethical bounds.
• Critical thinking - The ability to analyze data, detect patterns, and make evidence-based
judgments.
• Immediate assistance - The ability of ChatGPT to give students immediate answers to
their queries and concerns without the need to wait for a human teacher or tutor.
 • Independent problem-solving skills - to assess the ability to approach and solve problems
without the aid of ChatGPT or any other tool.
• Interpersonal dynamics - to the context and interactions between multiple individuals,
including communication and emotional connections among both students and teachers.
• Language Skills - This refers to an individual's capacity to communicate correctly and
effectively using both oral speech and written text, it involves a sound understanding of
grammar rules, rich vocabulary, and proficiency in sentence construction.
• Learning activities - These constitute distinct tasks or activities that scholars carry out as
components integral to their learning process.
• Learning objectives - These are specific aims or outcomes that learners should be able to
actualize as they progress through their educational journey.
• Personalized learning - This is a teaching method that adjusts the process of studying to
meet up with each student’s requirements.
• Plagiarism - Describes the dishonest act whereby one falsely claims ownership over
someone else's work by not accurately attributing due credit or citation.
• Social and emotional needs - to evaluate the level of students' emotional and social needs,
to feel a sense of connectedness and motivation in their learning environment.
• Traditional educational approaches - refer to standard forms of teaching and learning,
which can include lectures, discussions, or other types of in-person interactions.

Acronyms

• ChatGPT- Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer

 Chapter 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE & STUDIES

Overview
Over the last few years, there has been considerable attention paid to integrating artificial
intelligence, like chatbots, into education. ChatGPT, which uses advanced natural language
processing algorithms to help students with their studies, is one of the most prominent artificial
intelligences chatbot systems (Kevin D. Caratiquit and Lovely Jean C. Caratiquit, 2023).
material. Teachers will require tools and resources to support students in identifying and
navigating possible incorrect responses, biased information, and false news if this is to take
place. Although chatbots have been around for the past 20 years, they had certain limits when it
came to their capacity to teach complicated subjects like quantum physics or produce original
works like ballads. Unprecedented AI technological advancements have been made by Chat
GPT. ChatGPT may challenge Google’s current dominance of the internet search market,
although the tech giant has been developing a comparable technology for years. Microsoft made
a billion-dollar investment in Open AI in 2020, taking up the sole license for the GPT-3 model.
Microsoft wants to include the technology into popular productivity suites including Word,
PowerPoint, and Excel. In November 2022, GPT 3.5 had been upgraded through 2021 and had
been made freely available to the public as a chatbot. Chat GPT amassed 100 million members
only two months after its introduction, dwarfing other social media sites like Instagram, which
took two years to reach that number. It is worth noting that Chat GPT is presently in beta. The
argument is that ChatGPT can program, explain, and debate effectively and like a human. The
website clearly states that it may provide misleading, obviously false information. When tested
in precise ways, it has been shown to induce prejudice material. There are instances of ChatGPT
responses that read like they were authored by experts but are factually inaccurate by Shehab
Eldeen Ayman et al. (2023). Artificial intelligence, such as Chat GPT, has raised concerns about
its potential effects on education and academics. Some worry that excessive AI use may lead to
technology-dependent students, but research shows that AI can enhance students' educational
experiences if teachers prioritize critical thinking and interpersonal connections. However, AI
cannot replace the nuanced thinking and analysis needed for higher-level learning. The early
casualty of AI's impact on education is the capacity for thought, and future difficulties may not
be accurately predicted. This literature review examined existing research on the influence of
ChatGPT as an academic support tool on senior high school student's academic performance.
Topical/Theme Presentation (APA style for citation)

Impact of ChatGPT on Education

According to Radha Firaina and Dwi Sulisworo (2023). Technology enables easier access
to learning resources, such as e-books, video tutorials, and online learning platforms. In
addition, students may take online courses or obtain certificates from accredited institutions. This
enables students to develop their knowledge and skills independently, without being bound by
time and place. However, concerns are also raised about the potential for technology to reduce
social interaction between teachers and students. Due to a high reliance on technology, learners
may also lose discipline and be unable to concentrate at all (p. 39). However, users must be
critical and selective in utilizing it. Further research is needed to understand the full impact of
ChatGPT on learning, including more interviews and case studies. Despite its limitations,
respondents believe ChatGPT improves productivity and learning efficiency, making it an
attractive alternative to learning. However, users must maintain a critical approach and verify the
information provided.

In November 2022, ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence powered chatbot, was introduced.

It can produce coherent and educational responses to user input that resemble those of a human.
The purpose of this quick assessment of the literature is to improve our knowledge of ChatGPT's
capabilities in a variety of topic areas, educational applications, and potential problems that
researchers may have encountered in the first three months after the platform's introduction
(December 2022 to February 2023). Fifty publications were found for content analysis (i.e., open
coding, axial coding, and selective coding) after a search of Google Scholar and the pertinent
databases. According to the review's conclusions, ChatGPT's performance differed throughout
topic areas, ranging from excellent (in the case of economics) and adequate (in the case of
programming) to subpar (in the case of mathematics). Although ChatGPT can function as well as
a college. To address ChatGPT's effects on the educational environment, instructor training, and
student education are equally crucial (Kwan Chung Lo, 2023).

According to Snehnath Neendoor (2023), The field of education is quickly utilizing

artificial intelligence (AI). Thus, it should come as no surprise that ChatGPT, a chatbot created
by OpenAI in November 2022, has become well-known throughout the world, with most of its
users (15.22%) being US citizens. Many students and teachers are starting to rely on ChatGPT as
a reliable resource because of its widespread use and ability to provide human-like answers to
inquiries. Like any emerging technology, ChatGPT in higher education is not without its
difficulties. ChatGPT is a very useful tool that can be used to build customized interactive
courses, improve accessibility to education for individuals with disabilities, help teachers create
lesson plans, and much more. However, ChatGPT has some drawbacks, such as its propensity to
provide biased responses, erroneous information, incapacity to multitask, and more.

A notable consequence of ChatGPT’s misuse is creating an unfair academic playing field.

Students who use ChatGPT to generate unique content could gain an unfair advantage over their
peers who do not have access to it or choose not to use it due to ethical considerations. This
disparity can skew grades and academic recognition, undermining the value of hard work and
personal effort. Furthermore, there are potential future implications for students unaware of the
full capabilities of AI tools like ChatGPT. Such students might inadvertently misuse the tool,
leading to unintentional plagiarism. This highlights the need for comprehensive education on the
ethical use of AI in academic settings. Perhaps the most alarming aspect of this issue is the
impact on educators’ ability to evaluate student performance accurately. When students use AI
tools, it becomes challenging for instructors to discern the student’s proper understanding and
mastery of the learning material. This can mask learning deficiencies, making it difficult for
educators to provide targeted feedback and develop necessary intervention strategies.
Consequently, the educational process becomes less effective, and the true purpose of teaching
and learning is compromised (Simone Grassini, 2023). ChatGPT has the potential to
revolutionize education by providing personalized learning environments. However, concerns
about its accuracy and reliability have been raised due to its training on unpolished, raw data.

Motivation drives most human activities, including foreign language learning, and both
inner and extrinsic variables influence it. This study explored the impact of ChatGPT on English
learning. A quantitative research design was used to collect data from 80 teachers and students
who had access to the ChatGPT during its initial phase in early 2023. The sample, drawn using a
non-probability sampling technique, completed an online questionnaire. The findings revealed
that ChatGPT generally stimulates learners to improve their reading and writing skills. The
respondents were ambivalent about the effect of ChatGPT on improving listening and speaking
abilities. The results indicate that ChatGPT-based education is motivating. ChatGPT should be
used as a learning tool rather than feared for its negative effects, which require additional
exploration. More research is needed to investigate the benefits of ChatGPT for other parts of the
language and to illuminate its negative impacts so that educators can lessen them in English
programs. The paper discusses the impact of ChatGPT on English language learning,
recommending its integration into English language programs to promote learners' motivation to
learn autonomously and under teacher supervision. Teachers should show students how to
benefit positively from ChatGPT instead of fearing its negative impacts. (Jamal Kaid
Mohammed Ali et al. 2023).

ChatGPT as an Academic Support Tool

According to Kevin D. Caratiquit and Lovely Jean C. Caratiquit (2023), learning

motivation fully mediates the relationship between ChatGPT as an academic support tool and
students' academic performance. ChatGPT fosters student interest, curiosity, and intrinsic
motivation to study by offering helpful resources, advice, and interactive elements. As a result,
students engage more fully, put in more effort, and approach their academic work with greater
initiative. ChatGPT positively affected academic performance through the mechanism of
increased learning motivation. Through appropriate utilization, ChatGPT assumes a critical
function in fostering educational advancement and facilitating superior outcomes in students’
scholastic pursuits, thereby sustaining their motivation to acquire knowledge. The findings
suggest that ChatGPT, as a tool for academic support, increases students' motivation to learn.
This is accomplished by offering helpful tools, immediate feedback, and engaging features that
encourage students' interest and participation in their academic endeavors. This relationship
between ChatGPT and learning motivation suggests that ChatGPT positively affects students’
motivation to perform well in class. Furthermore, ChatGPT indirectly contributed to better
academic performance by directly increasing learning motivation. This is accomplished by
encouraging students’ curiosity, enthusiasm, and motivation to learn. As a result, students put
forth more effort, participated more actively in their studies, endured difficulties, and adopted a
proactive attitude toward their academic tasks. This improved academic performance resulted
from an increased learning drive. Although ChatGPT can function as well as a college. To
address ChatGPT's effects on the educational environment, instructor training, and student
education are equally crucial.

According to Korab Dragidella (2023), ChatGPT is a tool that can produce emails,
stories, summaries, reviews, articles, and blogs. ChatGPT has become more and more popular,
especially among students, thanks to its quick information processing speed and user-friendly
interface. Among the many reasons ChatGPT will be important to education in the future are the
services it provides, which include language learning, coding, writing, brainstorming, and other
helpful resources. The fact that ChatGPT can create messages in a variety of languages is one of
the factors contributing to its growing popularity. Students who want to use AI as a helper to
create appropriate content have an advantage because ChatGPT can generate texts in about 95
languages, which gives an advantage to students who have a goal of creating adequate content,
by using AI as an assistive method for writing techniques. Among the many languages that
ChatGPT supports are programming languages. Python, JavaScript, C#, C++, Swift, and other
programming languages are among those used to write code. Students can now get information
and brainstorm any time of the day regardless of their location. Its user-friendly interface and
quick information processing speed make it popular among students.

Motivation drives most human activities, including foreign language learning, and both
inner and extrinsic variables influence it. This study explored the impact of ChatGPT on English
learning. A quantitative research design was used to collect data from 80 teachers and students
who had access to the ChatGPT during its initial phase in early 2023. The sample, drawn using a
non-probability sampling technique, completed an online questionnaire. The findings revealed
that ChatGPT generally stimulates learners to improve their reading and writing skills. The
respondents were ambivalent about the effect of ChatGPT on improving listening and speaking
abilities. The results indicate that ChatGPT-based education is motivating. ChatGPT should be
used as a learning tool rather than feared for its negative effects, which require additional
exploration. More research is needed to investigate the benefits of ChatGPT for other parts of the
language and to illuminate its negative impacts so that educators can lessen them in English
programs. The paper discusses the impact of ChatGPT on English language learning,
recommending its integration into English language programs to promote learners' motivation to
learn autonomously and under teacher supervision. Teachers should show students how to
benefit positively from ChatGPT instead of fearing its negative impacts. (Jamal Kaid
Mohammed Ali et al. 2023).
Synthesis
Students will eventually be able to employ AI technologies to study new
material. Teachers will require tools and resources to support students in identifying and
navigating possible incorrect responses, biased information, and false news if this is to take
place. Although chatbots have been around for the past 20 years, they had certain limits when it
came to their capacity to teach complicated subjects like quantum physics or produce original
works like ballads. ChatGPT can program, explain, and debate effectively and like a human.
There are instances of ChatGPT responses that read like they were authored by experts but are
factually inaccurate by Shehab Eldeen Ayman et al. (2023).

The literature provides an overview of the introduction and early impact of ChatGPT in
education. ChatGPT, introduced in November 2022, offers easier access to learning resources
and promotes independent learning. However, concerns arise regarding reduced social
interaction and potential loss of discipline due to excessive reliance on technology. Its
performance varies across subjects, from excellent in economics to subpar in mathematics. While
widely used, ChatGPT faces drawbacks like biased responses and inability to multitask. Ethical
concerns include unfair academic advantage and unintentional plagiarism. Research indicates
ChatGPT's positive impact on reading and writing skills, though its effect on listening and
speaking abilities is uncertain. Integration into language programs is recommended to enhance
motivation for learning. Overall, ChatGPT holds promise for education but requires careful
consideration of its ethical implications and varied performance across subjects. The significant
impact of ChatGPT on education, particularly its role in enhancing students' motivation and
academic performance. According to Kevin D. Caratiquit and Lovely Jean C. Caratiquit (2023),
ChatGPT functions as an academic support tool, fostering student interest, curiosity, and intrinsic
motivation by offering helpful resources and interactive elements. This increased motivation
leads to greater engagement, effort, and initiative in academic work, ultimately resulting in
improved academic performance. Similarly, Korab Dragidella (2023) highlights ChatGPT's
versatility and accessibility, making it increasingly popular among students due to its quick
information processing speed and user-friendly interface. ChatGPT provides various services,
including language learning, coding assistance, writing support, and brainstorming, catering to
diverse educational needs. Additionally, research by Jamal Kaid Mohammed Ali et al. (2023)
suggests that ChatGPT stimulates learners to improve reading and writing skills, although its
impact on listening and speaking abilities remains uncertain. They advocate for its integration
into language programs to promote learner motivation and autonomy, emphasizing the
importance of educators guiding students to utilize ChatGPT effectively. Overall, the literature
underscores ChatGPT's potential as a valuable tool in education, not only for providing academic
support but also for fostering motivation and enhancing learning outcomes across various
subjects and languages.
 Chapter 3

METHODOLOGY

This chapter introduces the research methodology of the study. In this chapter, the author

discusses the design of the study, sampling design, context and participants, and ethical

considerations.

Research Design

The researchers aim to identify the influence of ChatGPT on students' academic

performance. They will conduct quantitative research to identify the influence of ChatGPT on

student’s academic performances, and a survey is the research design method will be used in the

study. The researchers will select the participants by opening the Google forms open to all senior

high students, once it is time to select the data for the study the researchers will randomly select

50 students out of the overall respondents to use in the study. Conducting the survey is the best

to use because it will show the number of respondents and it will show numbers and as well

show graphs of each response that will be help the researchers gather data to be more accurate

and with no difficulty.

Sample and Sampling Design

The researcher's target respondents are the senior high students of NU Laguna, the

researchers will provide Google forms to survey how the senior high students influenced

ChatGPT in their grades and academic performances. The researchers will use simple random
sampling because the respondents are all senior high students of NU Laguna, and the researchers

will only choose 50 senior high students randomly out of the respondents of the survey to use in

the study.

Context and Participants

The researcher's participants are senior high school students at the National University

Laguna. They will randomly select 50 participants for the survey to be used in the study the

influence of ChatGPT on their academic performance. The researchers chose the senior high

school students at the National University of Laguna because they are the most likely to use

ChatGPT.

Ethical Consideration

For ethical research considerations, the researches will ask the senior high students to

participate of the survey that will send through forms before that the researchers will explain what

are the importance of the study genuinely and polite and they will secure your security by ensuring

safety privacy, and the avoidance of possible harm, In compliance with RA 10173, also known as

the Data Privacy Act, all information will be kept and managed with the highest confidentiality by

hiding the names and identities of the research participants.

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