By Mustafa Muataz Abd Ul majeed

Sammary》》》muscles in the anterior and posterior compartment of the

arm, along with their origins, insertions, innervation, and functions:

1. **Biceps Brachii:**
- Origin: Long head - supraglenoid tubercle of scapula; Short head - coracoid
process of scapula.
- Insertion: Radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis.
- Innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C7).
- Function: Flexes the elbow joint, supinates the forearm, and assists in
shoulder flexion.

2. **Brachialis:**
- Origin: Anterior surface of the humerus.
- Insertion: Ulnar tuberosity and coronoid process of ulna.
- Innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C7).
- Function: Prime mover of elbow flexion, especially when the forearm is
supinated.

3. **Coracobrachialis:**
- Origin: Coracoid process of scapula.
- Insertion: Middle-medial surface of humerus.
- Innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C7).
- Function: Flexes and adducts the arm at the shoulder joint.

These muscles collectively play a role in flexing the elbow joint and, to some
extent, in shoulder movements such as flexion and adduction. They are
innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve, which arises from the brachial
plexus.

muscles in the posterior compartment of the arm, along with their origins,
insertions, innervation, and functions:

1. **Triceps Brachii:**
- Origin: Long head – infraglenoid tubercle of scapula; Lateral head –
posterior humerus;
Medial head – posterior humerus.

- Insertion: Olecranon process of ulna.

- Innervation: Radial nerve (C6-C8).
- Function: Extends the elbow joint, and long head contributes to shoulder
extension and adduction.

These muscles primarily act to extend the elbow joint, with the triceps brachii
being the main extensor. The radial nerve, a branch of the brachial plexus,
innervates both muscles. Additionally, the long head of the triceps brachii also
contributes to movements at the shoulder joint.