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GROUP MEMBERS

ELECTRIC
01 02 03

POTENTIAL Avila ,Zhyra Jaspe, Alyssa Mae Salo, Lourizz Nicola

04 05 06

Serafin,Cj Sarangga,Via Lloren Solde, Resdalyn

OBJECTIVES OBJECTIVES
To explain the relationship between electric
To define electric potential energy and explain
01 its relationship to electric fields and charge. 04 potential and electric field using the gradient
concept.

To distinguish between electric potential and

02 potential difference, and understand their
units and significance.
05 To describe the different types of electric
batteries and their basic working principles.

To calculate the electric potential due to a

03 point charge and apply this knowledge to 06 To identify the key components of a battery
and their roles in generating electricity.
solve basic problems.

4 PICS IN ONE WORD

GAME TIME !!!

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ELECTRIC POTENTIAL
INTRODUCTION

7.1 ELECTRIC POTENTIAL ENERGY

7.2 ELECTRIC POTENTIAL AND POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE

7.3 CALCULATIONS OF ELECTRIC POTENTIAL

7.4 DETERMINING FIELD FROM POTENTIAL

7.5 ELECTRIC BATTERY

WHAT IS ELECTRIC POTENTIAL ENERGY?

7.1
ELECTRIC POTENTIAL ENERGY IS THE

ELECTRIC POTENTIAL ENERGY STORED IN CHARGED

OBJECTS OR SYSTEMS OF CHARGED
ENERGY OBJECTS BECAUSE OF THEIR
POSITIONS IN AN ELECTRIC FIELD.

ELECTRIC POTENTIAL ENERGY ELECTRIC POTENTIAL ENERGY

UNITS: JOULES (J)

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ELECTRIC POTENTIAL ENERGY

PROBLEM 7.2
ELECTRIC POTENTIAL
1. If a charge of magnitude 6.5x10-17C is being held in
place 2x10-8m from a charge of -8x10-19C which is also
being held in place, what is the electric potential energy
of the system?
AND
2. A particle with a charge of 5nC has a distance of 0.5m POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE
away from a charge of 9.5nC. What is its electric
potential energy?

ELECTRIC POTENTIAL
REVIEW: ELECTRIC POTENTIAL, OFTEN SIMPLY CALLED "POTENTIAL".

ELECTRIC POTENTIAL ENERGY IS THE ENERGY THAT A
CHARGED PARTICLE POSSESSES DUE TO ITS POSITION IN AN
ELECTRIC FIELD.
IT IS THE WORK DONE PER UNIT CHARGE TO BRING A TEST
CHARGE FROM AN INFINITE DISTANCE TO A SPECIFIC POINT
WITHIN AN ELECTRIC FIELD, AND THAT IS A MEASURE OF THE
ELECTRIC POTENTIAL ENERGY PER UNIT OF CHARGE AT A GIVEN
POINT IN SPACE.

HIGH POTENTIAL REGION

EXAMPLE:
ELECTRIC POTENTIAL
Electric Potential
Mathematically, it’s defined as the
-is the amount of work potential energy per unit charge
direction of the per unit charge
electric field
-generated when there is
some sort of work (V) is the electric potential (in volts, V)
on test charge to (U) is the potential energy (in joules, J)
displace it against
electric field. (q) is the charge (in coulombs, C)

LOW POTENTIAL REGION

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ELECTRIC POTENTIAL ELECTRIC POTENTIAL POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE

ENERGY
IS A PROPERTY OF DENOTED AS ΔV, THIS IS THE DIFFERENCE IN ELECTRIC
ELECTRIC THE ELECTRIC POTENTIAL BETWEEN TWO POINTS IN AN ELECTRIC
POTENTIAL FIELD AT A FIELD. IT'S ALSO KNOWN AS VOLTAGE. VOLTAGE IS
ENERGY PARTICULAR POINT WHAT MAKES ELECTRIC CHARGES MOVE IN A CIRCUIT.
DEPENDS ON AND IS
BOTH THE INDEPENDENT OF ΔV= CHANGE ELECTRIC
CHARGE AND ITS THE CHARGE'S POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE
POSITION PRESENCE. VB=FINAL VOLT
VA=INITIAL VOLT

SAMPLE ILLUSTRATION
POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE

POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE IN SUMMARY

o In our electrical world, when charges
(like tiny electrons) move from one place
to another, they experience a potential
difference.
o It’s like going from the top of the slide
(high energy) to the bottom (lower
energy). The difference in energy is the
“voltage drop.”
• ELECTRIC POTENTIAL ENERGY IS THE ENERGY A CHARGED OBJECT
HAS DUE TO ITS POSITION IN AN ELECTRIC FIELD.
• ELECTRIC POTENTIAL IS THE ELECTRIC POTENTIAL ENERGY PER
UNIT OF CHARGE AT A POINT IN SPACE.
• POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE IS THE DIFFERENCE IN ELECTRIC
POTENTIAL BETWEEN TWO POINTS IN AN ELECTRIC FIELD, ALSO
KNOWN AS VOLTAGE.
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7.3 ELECTRIC
POTENTIAL
POTENTIAL
DIFFERENCE
CALCULATIONS OF
ELECTRIC POTENTIAL

CALCULATIONS OF ELECTRIC POTENTIAL

ELECTRIC POTENTIAL (VOLTAGE)

1.Calculate the amount of electric Rubbing your hair

potential energy possessed by
2.52×10-10C at a point where the
with a balloon
electric potential is 4.70 Volts.

STATIC ELECTRICITY STATIC ELECTRICITY

THE BUILD UP OF ELECTRIC CHARGES ON AN OBJECT
When you rub a balloon on your hair it causes
opposite static charges to build up both on
your hair and the balloon.
This object experiences the electric field and
gains electrical potential energy due to its
position.
V = KQ/R
USING THE FORMULA, WE CAN CALCULATE THE ELECTRIC
POTENTIAL (V) EXPERIENCED BY THE HAIR:
k: Constant value of 9 x 10^9 N m²/C².
Q: Negative charge of the balloon (since electrons
transferred to it).
r: Distance between the hair and the balloon.
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STATIC ELECTRICITY FINDING ELECTRIC POTENTIAL

PROBLEM
GIVEN
You rub a balloon against your hair,
transferring a negative charge of -1.0 x
10^-12 C to the balloon. You then hold the • k = 9.0 x 10^9 N m²/C²
balloon 5.0 cm away from a strand of your • Q = -1.0 x 10^-12 C (negative charge)
hair. What is the electric potential (V) • r = 5.0 cm = 0.05 m (distance)
experienced by your hair due to the charged
balloon? (k=9.0 x 10^9 N m²/C²)

FINDING ELECTRIC POTENTIAL

CALCULATIONS OF ELECTRIC POTENTIAL
SOLUTION POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE (VOLTAGE DIFFERENCE):
V=k*Q/r
V = (9.0 x 10^9 N m^2/C^2) * (-1.0 x 10^-12 C) / (0.05 m) ΔV= CHANGE ELECTRIC
V ≈ -0.18 V (approximately) POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE
VB=FINAL VOLT
Therefore, the electric potential experienced by your hair VA=INITIAL VOLT
due to the charged balloon is approximately -0.18 volts.

CALCULATIONS OF ELECTRIC POTENTIAL

VOLTAGE > ELECTRIC POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE
POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE (VOLTAGE DIFFERENCE):
100J of work was done by an electric field on a +5C
to accelerate it from point A to point B.
(a) What is the voltage across points A and B?
(b) If the electric potential at point B is 50V and
point A is 30 V, what is the electric potential
difference?
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7.4
HIG LOW
H
F DETERMINING FIELD
100V F 0V FROM POTENTIAL

DETERMINING FIELD FROM POTENTIAL

To determine the electric field from a given
electric potential, you can use the relationship
= electric field
= electric potential
= gradient of potential gives
you the electric field
DETERMINING FIELD FROM POTENTIAL
A circular conducting rod is
maintained at a potential of -
20 volts, while an L-shaped
bracket of conducting
material is maintained at a
potential of +20 volts. The
electrodes are enclosed in a
metal tube, which is at a
potential of zero.

7.4 DID YOU KNOW?

ALESSANDRO VOLTA: THE FATHER

ELECTRIC BATTERY
OF THE ELECTRIC BATTERY
In 1799, Volta invented the
electric battery, which
revolutionized the field of
electricity and paved the way for
many modern technologies.
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ELECTRIC BATTERY EL EC T R I C B A T T ER Y
TYPES COMPONENTS

PRIMARY (NON-RECHARGEABLE): • ANODE

One-time use batteries, such as alkaline or lithium,designed for
• CATHODE
single use. • ELECTROLYTE SOLUTION
SECONDARY (CHARGEABLE): • SEPARATORS
Batteries like lithium-ion or nickel-metal hydride that can • CASING
berecharged multiple times, reducing waste. • CAP

HOW DOES BATTERY WORKS? ELECTRIC BATTERY

A BATTERY IS A DEVICE THAT STORES
CHEMICAL ENERGY AND CONVERTS IT TO
ELECTRICAL ENERGY. THE CHEMICAL
REACTIONS IN A BATTERY INVOLVE THE
FLOW OF ELECTRONS FROM ONE MATERIAL
(ELECTRODE) TO ANOTHER, THROUGH AN
EXTERNAL CIRCUIT. THE FLOW OF
ELECTRONS PROVIDES AN ELECTRIC
CURRENT THAT CAN BE USED TO DO WORK.
AA AAA 9V Lithium-Ion

OVERVIEW AA BATTERY OVERVIEW AAA BATTERY

TYPE : TYPE :
• COMMON CYLINDRICAL • SMALLER CYLINDRICAL
BATTERY AVAILABLE BATTERIES AVAILABLE IN
BOTH PRIMARY AND BOTH PRIMARY AND
SECONDARY SECONDARY
APPLICATIONS : APPLICATION :
• POWERING DEVICES • COMPACT DEVICES
• PORTABLE ELECTRONICS • LOW-POWER ELECTRONICS
• EVERYDAY HOUSEHOLD ITEMS
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OVERVIEW 9V BATTERY OVERVIEW LITHIUM-ION

TYPE : TYPE : BATTERY
• RECTANGLE SHAPED BATTERY • RECHARGEABLE BATTERIES
USED ELECTRNIC DEVICES USE LITHIUM IONS DURING
AND ONLY AVAIBLE AS CHARGING AND
PRIMARY BATTERY DISCHARGING
APPLICATION : APPLICATION :
• SMOKE ALARMS AND • CONSUMER ELECTRONICS
DETECTORS • ELECTRIC VEHICLE
• ELECTRONIC DEVICES • RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCE
• EMERGENCY EQUIPMENTS • MEDICAL DEVICES

THANK U FOR
LISTENING
THE END