THE EFFECTIVENESS OF JACKFRUIT SAP (Artocarpus Heterophyllus)

AS AN ALTERNATIVE ROOF SEALANT

Scientific Investigatory Project

Presented to:
South Philippines Adventist College
Junior High Academy

By:
Aj lyn Alferez
Niño Reg Emmanuel C. Pilvera
Jupher Hadassah B. Serraon
Franz Geuseppe G.Tongson
Elbert Marlowe C. Mascariñas

X-Venus
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title I
1. Introduction 3

Background of the Study 3

Statement of the Problem 4

Significance of the Study 4

2. Scope and Limitations 4

 CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

According to Mowry (2017), Jackfruit excretes an extremely sticky latex

substance from the rind and parts of the jackfruit. Jackfruit sap can be used as an

alternative ingredient in the production of roof sealant. Jackfruit is one of the most

significance trees in home garden and perhaps the most widespread and useful tree.

It is a medium-sized amaranthine tree mostly reaching 8- 25 meters in height that is

easily identified through its fruit, the largest among cultivated plants. Its luscious

fragrant and delicious.

Moreover, Viuda (2017) stated that Jackfruit is one of the most widely grown

fruit crops in the Philippines. However, in the process of consumption of this

delectable fruit, the peelings that were acquired are either wasted or thrown away.

Brilliants minds have formulated a solution to recycle these organic wastes and

make them into something useful. As the study of Rahman (2018), the jackfruit seed

has a lot of potential in food can, paper bio nanotechnology industries, especially, its

uses as a thickener and binding agent.

Sealant is a viscous that solidifies after application, Thakor (2018). The

application and purpose are to protect against dust, smoke, gas, air, water and other

unwanted materials. Sealants of various types are used to protect various surface

from external damage such as dry walls and roofs. Roof sealant is expensive costing

between 300- 1000 pesos, and the less fortunate ones cannot afford to buy some.
external damage such as dry walls and roofs. Roof sealant is expensive costing

between 300- 1000 pesos, and the less fortunate ones cannot afford to buy some

Based on our own observation many boarding houses here in South

Philippines Adventist College nowadays have roof problems such as rusting and

holes. This could be a major issue, such as easy roof failure due to poor quality, it is

difficult to find a solution in this problem, especially since almost all of us are

experiencing financial difficulties. We know that the sap is extremely sticky and can

be used as an effective roof sealant

The purpose of this research is to determine whether the sap extracted from

Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) can be used as alternative ingredient in the

manufacture and production of roof sealant. The primary goal of this research is to

develop an organic and safe alternative. In addition m due to the rising market price

of commercial roof sealant, the researchers devised a homemade sealant using

materials that can be easily gathered

1.2 Statement of the Problem

This aims to determine the possibility of Jackfruit sap as an alternative

component in making roof Sealant. It specifically seeks to answer the following

questions:

1. How long it takes for the total effect of the jackfruit sap roof sealant?

2. In what roof does the roof sealant is applicable

3. Is the jackfruit sealant roof sealant productive?

4. Is the jackfruit sealant a good additive component in making roof sealant?

1.3 Significance of the Study

This study will aid in the discovery of additional applications for natural

substances, and its outcomes may benefit society in general by providing carpenters

and repairmen with a new tool for halting the progression of leaks. The key

advantage of this study is that it introduces a new kind of sealant for stopping leaks.

The environment should gain from this study since the mixture's ingredients are eco-

friendly and nontoxic when compared to commercial sealants. This study is found to

be helpful to future researchers because they may develop a study from simple

things that may have great effects. The primary function of the mixture is to seal

metal roof breaks, which is in line with the work that plumbers, carpenters, and

repairmen do. Household members

1.4 Scope and Limitation

This study covered the Sealant property of the Jackfruit sap. The study

consisted of the sap that are used as the source of the Latex to be used in making

the Roof Sealant. Testing of the jackfruit sap sealant involved the durability and the

lasting of the sealant. The researcher limited this research of testing the jackfruit sap

roof sealant to roofs that cause the breakage of roofs.

 CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

According to Zhang et. Al., (2019) there is increasing interest in utilization of

jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) starch in applications fields. Jackfruit has

potentials as a source of commercially available starches since it is widely cultivated

in Asia, Americas and Caribbean with minimal input costs. As the major component

of jackfruit seeds (60–80%, dry matter basis) that accounts for 8–15% of the fruit

weight, jackfruit starch is considered as cheap and sustainable carbohydrate source.

Jackfruit starch (JS) has great potential for various applications due to the unique

structural and functional features. Moreover, stated by Bhadra et. al., (2019) the

modem innovative preservation technologies could be applied to make value added

product from them. Jackfruit is an evergreen tree, 10 to 15 m tall with dark green

oval shaped leaves. All parts of it contain sticky white latex. It is a very long-lived tree

and generally has a life span of 60 to 70 years. The jackfruit is very popular in many

parts of the world. The jackfruit is native to India, Philippines, Bangladesh, Nepal,

and Sri Lanka.

Jackfruit is considered as the largest edible fruit in the world and found to contain

large quantities of nutrients, such as carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and

phytochemicals. Both the fruits and the seeds of jackfruit have been consumed

widely. Most importantly, several countries have developed food products namely

jam, jellies, marmalades, and ice creams using jackfruit. In addition, several parts of

jack tree such as, latex, leaves, and barks have been extensively used in traditional

medicine as well. Studies by various research groups documented the

anticarcinogenic, antimicrobial, antifungal, antinnflammatory, wound healing, and

hypoglycemic effects along with digestive and immunological benefits of jackfruit.

Therefore, this book chapter intends to disseminate the evidence on nutritional,

digestive, and immunological benefits of jackfruit/seeds to promote its utilization for

commercial scale food production, stated by Sowmyashree et. Al., (2022)

Many facts about roof Sealant were stated in the study of Irvine (2019). "If

standing water remains 48 hours after a rain shower, problems such as material

degradation, loss of adhesion, and flaking can result," he said. He also mentioned

the typical prices of roof sealants as well as the different types of coating roof

sealants have. In his piece. He had specified 12 different roof Sealant components,

as well as what each component can contribute to the roof Sealant. He keeps

mentioning asphalt and further research. According to the label, inhaling this

substance may cause headaches or stomach pains. He went on to say that

Sustaining facilities. Cold-applied coatings are essential tools for maintenance. We

searched for an experiment using rain protection after being inspired by this work.

The researchers discovered that their school made excessive usage of Styrofoam.

To save money instead of paying for commercial roof sealants, they experimented

with turning Styrofoam into roof sealant. They combined Styrofoam and gasoline for

their experiment. Although it was never indicated whether this was a success, the

material was quite intriguing. So if we retrieved information about what people look
for in their roof Sealants from the product question and answer page of Bostik, a

commercial roof Sealant. We learned about the various components of roof Sealant.

What the general public expects from the warranty, what temperatures people

expect roof sealant to withstand, and whether or not customers can use their product

on any surface other than their roofs.

According to Sarah Dewitt Ince (2018), wood glue is commonly used in crafts

and home improvement projects. She expressed each component of Commercial

wood glue and that wood glue is used for crafts or home projects because the

chemicals used in wood glue is not harmful yet it is durable.

The Moraceae family includes jackfruit trees (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.).

They thrive in India, Bangladesh, and many parts of Southeast Asia. It is one of the

most important evergreen trees in tropical areas and is widely grown throughout

Asia, including India. It is a medium-sized tree that can grow to be 28 to 80 feet tall

and is easily accessible for its fruit. The fruit is produced on the tree's side and main

branches. A fruit's average weight ranges from 3.5 to 10 kg, with some fruits

weighing up to 25 kg. The hunt for lesser-known and underutilized crops, many of

which have the potential to be valuable as human and animal food, has included

jackfruits, which have recently been the focus of research. Many people who live in

the mountains have been struggling with money because they are so far away from

their local market. If they have holes in their roof that always leak when it rains

during cold weathers, jackfruit gum can be a great choice to use as a roof sealant.

The best part is, it's actually free if you have jackfruit growing in your backyard.

Jackfruit contains Latex, which can also be found in other roof sealants. It also

contains 82.6 to 86.4% resins, which can be used to make varnish. In terms of the
significance of sealant, the function and value of this sticky substance play a critical

role in the school.

Roof sealants are commonly used to prevent water from entering the roof. Many

houses nowadays have roof problems, such as rusting and holes. This can be a

major issue, such as easy breakage due to a low-quality roof. Having broken roofs, it

is difficult to find a solution in this problem, especially since almost all of us are

experiencing financial difficulties. Sealant is a viscous material that solidifies after

application, with the purpose of protecting against dust, smoke, gas, air, and water.

Sealants of various types are used to protect various types of surfaces, such as dry

walls and roofs from external damage. A sealant is also used to protect flat and

sloping roofs for many years. These sealants can take the form of rubber, tar, paint,

concrete, or any other durable covering material that can withstand external

pressure, Sandoval (2020).

Invented a process for extruding polystyrene in the early 1940s to produce a

moisture-resistant closed cell foam. Because of its insulating properties, buoyancy,

and "unsinkability," it was first used in a six-man life raft by the Coast Guard in 1942.

Styrofoam can be used to make insulated sheathing, pipe insulation, and floral and

craft products. In North America, Styrofoam insulation has been used in a number of

notable buildings and facilities. The Dow product is distinguished by its distinctive

blue color. Roof Sealant to begin with, a sealant is defined as a viscous material that

solidifies after application, with the purpose of preventing dust, smoke, gas, air,

water, and other unwanted materials. Sealants of various types are used to protect

various surfaces from external damage, such as drywall and roofs. In this article,

we'll learn more about roof sealants and how they're used to protect the roofing
system as well as the house from external damage caused by weather, drainage,

and other factors. Because different types of roofs are made of different materials, so

are the sealants that go with them. A roof sealant is also used on flat and sloping

roofs to protect them for years.

Rubber, tar, paint, concrete, or any other durable covering material that can

withstand external pressure Roof sealant is very important for protecting the roof and

the house from extreme weather conditions Roof Sealant for Homes Stationary

homes have both flat and sloping roofs and can thus be applied with the respective

roof sealants. Typically, contractors install these sealants as part of home

improvement when a house is built, but you can do it yourself whenever

necessary. Roof sealant paints or other liquids are the most common roof sealant

available on the market because they are easy to apply, dry quickly, and can be

used in large quantities. Reapplications are the best option for better results, so

using a liquid could be very convenient. We have some roof sealants that can be

used on these homes. Concrete Roof Sealant Concrete is a durable mixture of

materials that can protect any surface from any physical condition. Concrete

sealants are an excellent choice for protecting homes with flat roofs. They protect the

roof from water leaks and excess rainwater seepage, among other things, and can

thus be used effectively as a roof sealant for leaks. 

Concrete sealants, on the other hand, require a waterproof coating to keep the

materials present from dissolving due to leaks and water. Clear Roof Sealant Clear

sealants such as polyurethane, acrylic urethane, silicone, butyl, lacquers, and

varnishes are another great option for roof sealants in homes and help protect many

types of roofs. These can be used on both flat and slanted roofs. These are also

available in liquid form and are the most commonly used sealants due to their ease
of application. They are all waterproof and can protect tiles, metal, masonry, and

grout work, all of which are common in homes. Roof Sealant for Mobile Homes It is

critical to apply roof sealants to mobile homes and recreational vehicles to protect

them from weather stress (excess heat, wind and rain). The manufacturers of these

caravans, like the manufacturers of stationary homes, apply the sealant, but for

added protection, it is recommended that you apply one more coat yourself. Because

these roofs are made of metal and fiber, they are susceptible to water and heat

damage. As a result, roof sealants are available in rubber, paint, and other water-

resistant adhesives. Consider which of the roof sealants for RVs you would prefer.

Rubber Roof Sealant Rubber roof sealants are one of the most popular RV roof

sealants. These sealants come with an instruction manual, making application

simple. Because rubber is a material that can keep any type of damage away from

the roof, liquid rubber sealants are very useful for mobile homes. They are sold in

liquid form, which solidifies and effectively protects the roof. When it comes to mobile

homes, there are numerous causes of damage such as hot run, dust, direct contact

with water drops, harsh winds, and so on. As a result, paint-based sealants are

among the most affordable roof sealants. White paint is the best roof sealant for

these vans because it repels heat dust particles, preventing the roof from cracking.

Waterproof paints are preferred over standard automotive paints (Dow Chemical

Company,2018).

According to Adhesive and Sealant Council (2017), sealant is known to be a

viscous material which turns solid after application and purpose being, prevention

from dust, smoke, gas, air, water and other unwanted materials. There are many

types of sealants which are used to protect different kind of surfaces like dry walls

and roof from external damages.  A sealant is also used to protect flat and sloping
roofs for many years. These sealants can take the form of rubber, tar, paint,

concrete, or any other durable covering material that can withstand external

pressure.

Certain types of sealants are manufactured commercially by certain companies

to help with the common problem that every household faces. However, commercial

sealants these days are usually expensive. Furthermore, recent studies show that

some commercial sealants are potential hazards since they contain toxic chemicals

like isocyanates, as stated by Blue Green Alliance Foundation,(2019).

In line with the Team WFM (2017), it has been established that sealants are

“polymers having a tight molecular structure that does not allow water to penetrate a

seal”. The researcher of the study has empirical evidence that a mixture of jackfruit

latex upon a rubber base possesses hydrophobic properties and other desirable

properties usually required for a sealant to do its job. The hydrophobic property of

the components is the main factor for producing the sealant as the mixture is a

worthy alternative to the commercial sealants found in hardware shops.

Conceptual Framework

Figure 1. Describes the conceptual framework of the study wherein the

Jackfruit sap is the independent variable in this study and the sealant is the

dependent variable. The input in this paradigm is the jackfruit sap which is the
independent variable. The thickening process will be done to produce the desired

output.

Independent Variable Dependent Variable

Figure1.IPO model- Efficacy of Jackfruit as an alternative roof sealant

Hypothesis

The researcher aimed to prove the following hypothesis:

Ho: There is possibility on jackfruit latex as one of the additive components in

making roof sealant.

Definition of Terms

Durable –To be able to exist for a long time without significant deterioration.

Latex – A white liquid produced by many plants, especially rubber trees, or a rubber-

like substance made from this or from plastic, used in making clothes, paint, glue,

etc.
Native – Grown, produced or originating in a particular place or in the vicinity: local

Sealant – Material used for sealing something so as to make it airtight or water tight.

Sap – The juice of vital circulating fluid of a plant especially of a woody plant.

Roof -– The framework that forms the upper covering of a building or vehicle.

Breakages – The action of breaking something, or the fact of being broken.

Jackfruit – A large tropical Asian tree (Artocarpus heterophyllus) related to the

breadfruit that yields a fine-grained yellow wood and immense fruits which contain an

edible pulp and nutritious seeds.

Degradation — The process in which the beauty or quality of something is

destroyed or spoiled.

Adhesion – The proclivity of dissimilar particles or surfaces to adhere to one

another.

Chapter III

Methodology
 This chapter presents the kind of investigation and research design used for the

study as well as the procedures of the experiment.

Kind of Research

The kind of research used in determining the feasibility of jackfruit sap

(Artocarpus heterophyllus) as an alternative roof sealant was experimental research.

In the study the independent variable was the sap of the jackfruit tree (Artocarpus

heterophyllus) . The extraneous variables are the amount of water and plaster

needed to concrete the sealant.

Materials and Equipment

The materials and equipment used by the researchers were graduated cylinder,

weighing scale, stirring rod, empty containers, 350 g of jackfruit sap, plaster of paris

and a small old piece of roof with leak or gap. 

Gathering of materials

Fresh jackfruit was gathered at Matanao. Materials such as graduated cylinder,

weighing scale, stirring rod, empty containers were gathered from South Philippine

Adventist College Laboratory. 

Extraction of the sap from the jackfruit

The importance of this set up is to extract the jackfruit sap into liquid form. The

jackfruit was sliced into two parts. The slices were hanged with a container below on

it for about thirty minutes and more until all the saps were extracted. The saps were

collected and put on air-tight container and was set aside for the next procedure.
Production of roof sealant

After the collection of the extracted jackfruit sap, the plaster of Paris is placed in

a plastic container and mixed thoroughly with the extracted jackfruit sap at room

temperature until the solution is viscous. 

Instrumentation

This study prefers to use the weighing scale to measure the exact amount of

sealant that is produced by the used jackfruit sap.

Percentage yield 

The researchers conducted extraction and preparation of jackfruit sap and

calculated the following data to determine the percentage yield. The result was as

follows weight of the jackfruit, weight of the jackfruit sap, and the percentage yield of

the jackfruit sap.

Organoleptic Test

      The researchers conducted an organoleptic test to determine the physical

properties of roof sealant with jackfruit sap. The following are observed :

Appearance, color and odor.

Effectiveness of jackfruit sap as one of the additive components in making

roof sealant

The roof sealant with the jackfruit sap is tested for three trials with the

following: Heat, water, dirt, and pressure to identify the feasibility of its effectiveness.
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