i

SALUYOT (Corchorus olitorius) LEAF EXTRACT AS AN ALTERNATIVE

ALL-PURPOSE SUPERGLUE

A Research Study Presented to the

Faculty of Alabel National Science High School

Regional Science High School for Region XII

In Partial Fulfillment of the

Requirements for the Subject

Practical Research 2

HANNAH ANGELINE R. GUNDAY

ARNOLD JOHN Q. PALABBRICA

JEFF IAN D. MAGHIRANG

ZAYREL JAY A. YORSUA

KAYE A. BENIGAY

ZERI E. LABADIA

Researchers

SHIELA P. BUTIL, Ph. D.

Practical Research II Adviser

July 10, 2023

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Republic of the Philippines

DEPARTMENT of EDUCATION
Region XII
Division of Sarangani
ALABEL NATIONAL SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL
Maribulan, Alabel, Sarangani

CERTIFICATE OF APPROVAL

Approved by the Panel of Examiners on Oral Examination with a grade

of _____.

Name: ZERI E. LABADIA, HANNAH ANGELINE R. GUNDAY, KAYE A.

BENIGAY, JEFF IAN D. MAGHIRANG, ARNOLD JOHN Q. PALABRICA,

and ZAYREL JAY A. YORSUA.

Research Title:

SALUYOT (Corchorus olitorius) LEAF EXTRACT

AS AN ALTERNATIVE ALL-PURPOSE
SUPERGLUE

SHIELA P. BUTIL Ph.D.

Practical Research II Adviser

Accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the

subject RESEARCH CAPSTONE

___________________ MAXIMO R. CABANLIT

Date Principal
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This research was accomplished with the help of various persons who were

willing to extend support. The researchers would like to extend their deepest

gratitude to the following people whose valuable contributions have made the

completion of this research study.

Mr. Maximo R. Cabanlit, Principal of Alabel National Science High School,

for allowing the researchers to conduct study;

To Mrs. Shiela P. Butil, the research adviser, for imparting ideas and helping

them through their conduct of the research paper;

To Mrs. Arlene F. Ravelo and Mrs Sharon W, Manaligod, their class

advisers, for their support and cooperation during the conduct of the study;

To Mr. Neil Anthony S. Jamili and his colleagues, personnels of the ORCA

Laboratories, who helped the researchers by providing them essential facts related

to their study and providing their materials on conducting a study;

To their classmates and friends, for encouragement and help which

enlightened all the burdens in the making of research study. Specifically, to Jan

Laurence Guieb, Francine Aira Sanchez, and Jhon Wincer Elbo, for guiding them

with their research study.

To their parents, for the love, moral, financial support, and encouragement

to have positive vision in everyday life;

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Above all, the Almighty God, for showering His continuous blessings,

strength, courage, good health, guidance and endless love, without Him the

making of this research study would not be possible.

The Researchers
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ABSTRACT

Environmentally friendly and sustainable alternatives to synthetic adhesives have

gained significant attention in recent years. In this study, the potential of saluyot

(Corchorus olitorius) leaf extract as an alternative superglue was investigated.

Saluyot, a leafy vegetable commonly found in tropical regions, is known for its

strong fibrous properties. The extract was obtained through a simple extraction

process using water as the solvent. The adhesive properties of the saluyot leaf

extract were evaluated through various tests, including tensile strength, adhesive

strength, and durability tests. Results indicated that the saluyot leaf extract

exhibited adhesive properties. However, it is not comparable to commercially

available superglue. The tensile strength test revealed that the bond strength of

the saluyot leaf extract adhesive was not within the range of synthetic adhesives

in most of the materials bonded. Moreover, the adhesive strength test

demonstrated strong adhesion to various materials, including paper, wood, and

plastic. Further assessments were conducted to evaluate the durability of the

saluyot leaf extract adhesive, such as time of curing and shelf life. The adhesive

maintained its quality for more than two months. With this, more ideas can be

inferred in the future to make studies related to this better.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE i

APPROVAL SHEET ii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iii

ABSTRACT v

LIST OF TABLES viii

LIST OF FIGURES ix

CHAPTER

I. INTRODUCTION 1

Background of the Study 1

Objectives of the Study 2

Hypothesis of the Study 2

Significance of the Study 3

Scope and Limitations 4

Definition of Terms 4
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II. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES 6

Related Literature 6

Related Studies 8

III. METHODOLOGY 12

Flowchart of Procedures 12

Materials 13

Research Design 13

Locale of the Study 14

General Procedures 14

IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS 20

V. SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS 25

REFERENCES 28

APPENDICES 32

A. List of Tables 33

B. Budgetary Proposal 39

C. Calendar of Activities (December 2022) 40

D. Calendar of Activities (January 2023) 41

E. Calendar of Activities (March 2023) 42

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F. Calendar of Activities (April 2023) 43

G. Documentation 44

CURRICULUM VITAE 48
 ix

LIST OF TABLES

Table

1 Curing time

2 Strength, Versatility, and Durability

3 Shelf time
 x

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure

1 Procedural Flowchart

2 Research Design
 1

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Natural adhesives from plants such as starch and resins have been widely

used in society recently. However, under extreme conditions, these adhesives lack

durability (Imam et al., 2015). The mucilage is a water-soluble edible adhesive

material that constitutes carbohydrates and uronic acid units present in different

parts of plants including the mucous epidermis of the outer layer of seeds, bark,

leaves, and buds.

Saluyot or jute (Corchorus olitorius) leaf is an edible leafy vegetable that is

a member of the genus Corchorus, which can almost grow anywhere in the

Philippines (Alipio et al. 2019 as cited in Nelz, 2016). (Potter, 2010) described it as

a clear thickener in soups. In fact, after extraction of saluyot leaves by (Montaño et

al., 2014), they found out that the relative viscosity of a 1.0% solution of the

mucilage was determined to be 20 millipascal seconds at room temperature.

Additionally, jute fibers have tremendous opportunities for use as fibrous

reinforcement in polymeric composites. In recent years, their excellent

compatibility with engineering polymers has opened new potential applications as

tribo-efficient composites for specific applications. The chemical composition of

Jute contains 60–64 % cellulose, 14–16 % pentosan, 12–14 % lignin and other

compounds like fats, pectin, ash content, moisture, etc (Woodhead Publishing

Series in Composites Science and Engineering, 2013). Moreover, the cellulose

content is the most abundant polymer on the planet and a renewable resource.
 2

Cellulose nanocrystals are extracted from structural elements in trees and other

plants (AlChE, 2020).

Superglues are a family of strong fast-acting solvent-based adhesives with

industrial, medical, and household uses. It is designed to form strong bonds on

materials such as metal, ceramic, leather, rubber, vinyl, some plastics and many

similar surfaces. A solvent-based adhesive has a solvent as its base liquid, as

opposed to water-based adhesives, which have water as their base liquid. In spite

of their versatility, one of the main problems with solvent-based adhesives is that

they are bad for the environment. They can adversely affect the ecosystem and

human health in numerous ways.

Objectives of the Study

This study aims to:

1. Produce a budget-friendly, durable, eco-friendly, and shelf-lasting

superglue from Saluyot (Corchorus olitorius) leaf extract;

2. Test the Saluyot (Corchorus olitorius) leaf extract in terms of durability, shelf

life, time of curing, and versatility;

3. Compare the Saluyot (Corchorus olitorius) extract product with commercial

super glue in the market, and;

4. Evaluate the performance of the product effectiveness in terms of:

durability, shelf life, time of curing, and versatility

Hypotheses

a. Alternative Hypothesis

The created Saluyot All-purpose Superglue has comparable

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properties to commercial superglue

b. Null Hypothesis

The created Saluyot All-purpose Superglue does not have a

comparable property to a commercial superglue

Significance of the Study

The results of this study will contribute a part to the body of knowledge in

the field of research specifically in the broadening the branch of bioadhesive

To the community, this study, if found effective, will provide the community

a budget-friendly superglue that is less harmful to the environment, safe to use,

durable, and can be used to bond most items together.

To Super Glue Manufacturers, they will be provided with cheap alternative

raw organic materials in the making and production of super glue which will help

them minimize their expenditures while increasing their profits

To Environmental Advocates, the result of this study will support their advocacy of

reducing environmental pollution by employing the principles of recycling and

reducing greenhouse gas emissions created by commercially made super glues.

To future researchers, this study will provide them with convenient and

reliable data. The data and findings of this study can be a source for future

researchers who will create a project similar to this one.

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To the researchers, this study will give them experience in conducting

studies particularly involving the field of bioadhesives. The experience will also

serve as their foundation in conducting future studies.

Scope and Delimitations of the Study

The researchers used a quantitative research approach in conducting the

study. The study will be conducted at Alabel National Science High School

Physics Laboratory and Orca Laboratories, General Santos City in Early January

until Early February, 2023; this study was limited to only creating the superglue

using the mucilage of the saluyot and testing the created alternative superglue. It

highlights the potential of saluyot as an alternative superglue.

Definition of Terms

For better understanding of this study, the following terms are defined in the

context of this research. For this reason, the researchers defined the terms

conceptually and operationally.

All-purpose – Conceptually, all-purpose refers to objects that have many different

uses or can be used in lots of different situations. Operationally, allpurpose is a

characteristic of the superglue in the study.

Adhesive – Conceptually, it is any kind of substance that is capable of holding

materials together in a functional way by surface attachment that resists

separation. Operationally, adhesive is a general term that is often used

interchangeably for any organic material that forms an adhesive bond.

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Mucilage – Conceptually, mucilage is a gelatinous substance of various plants.

Operationally, mucilage from the saluyot (Corchorus olitorius) will be utilized in

making the superglue.

Eco-friendly – Conceptually, refers to practices, products, or actions that are

environmentally friendly, sustainable, and have minimal negative impact on the

natural world. Operationally, this refers to the characteristic of the final product of

our study.
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CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This chapter comprises the summary of all the literature and studies related

to the study. This section thoroughly discusses the information about the focused

field of study.

Related Literature

Cyanoacrylate

Any of a number of cyanoacrylate esters that cure quickly to generate a

strong adhesive bond. These classes of materials, marketed as contact adhesives

under brand names such as Super Glue and Krazy Glue, attach almost

instantaneously to a wide range of surfaces, including metal, plastic, and glass.

Because of their high adhesion to skin, they are also used by surgeons to close

incisions and by morticians to seal eyes and lips. (William L. Hosch, 2022)

Bioadhesive

As stated by the article, Bioadhesive refers to the interactive forces between

the biological or synthetic material and a mucosal surface. Specifically,

bioadhesion is the interaction and/or chemical bonds between the polymer

and a biological substrate, such as oral mucus, nasal mucus or skin. Binding

between natural or synthetic biopolymers and mucosa or cell surfaces. When

biopolymers adhere to a cell surface, the term “cytoadhesion” is typically used,

whilst “mucoadhesion” is the bioadhesion to the mucus membrane. Cytoadhesion

is the direct covalent or noncovalent binding between bioadhesive polymers and

cell surface compounds. (Wangling, 2021)

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Polyvinyl Alcohol

According to the new article, Polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) is a hydrophilic linear

polymer that is synthesized from vinyl alcohol and vinyl acetate. As a result, the

structural features of PVOH polymers are principally determined by the degree of

polymerization and the degree of hydrolysis, i.e., the monomerto-polymer ratio.

Because the reactive functional groups on PVOH experience chemical and

physical modifications due to its structure, including esterification and

etherification. Crystallization and ion-polymer complexation are two examples.

PVOH structures have been chemically and physically changed. discovered

biological and pharmacological uses. (Muppalaneni, S., & Omidian, H., 2013).

Polymer Composites

According to the new research, engineering polymers appear to be an

obvious choice for developing tribo-materials because of their excellent property

profile such as lightweight, wear, corrosion, and radiation resistance, solvent

resistance, self-lubrication, quiet operation, and easy moldability and machining,

engineering polymers appear to be an ideal choice for producing tribo-materials.

Pure polymers, on the other hand, are rarely used in triboapplications due to

inherent weaknesses such as poor mechanical strength, low thermal stability, low

thermal conductivity, low dissipativity, and high thermal expansion, which limit their

tribological performance at high loads, speeds, and temperatures. The self-lubricity

of polymer-based tribo-efficient materials is the most notable attribute. They can

be used in tribo-related situations where liquid lubrication is difficult due to high

temperatures or the possibility of contamination resulting in erosive-corrosive

 8

wear, and most importantly, where hydrodynamic lubrication could not be

established due to small oscillatory motion or frequent starts and stops. (Reddy, A.

C., 2018).

Glue

This study defines adhesives. According to the researchers, they are social

substances that can be permanently joined to surfaces via an bonding process.

This procedure includes holding two dissimilar bodies in close proximity such that

mechanical force or work can be transferred across the interface. Since their

discovery by the Egyptians 3300 years ago, considerable research has been

conducted in order to create high quality, biocompatible adhesives. Bitumen, pine

pitches, and beeswax were replaced in ancient and medieval times by rubber

cements and natural and synthetic components; today, the emphasis is primarily

on eco-friendly adhesives. The study begins with a brief history of adhesive use

before moving on to the principal industrial, biomedical, and medicinal applications

of adhesives. Furthermore, the researchers focused on the next generation of

adhesives, which are based on cutting-edge technologies such as

nanotechnology, derivatized polymers, and biomimetic adhesives. Due to the

scarcity of raw materials and the harmful impact of synthetic adhesives on both

human health and the environment, more research into renewable materials is

required in order to create environmentally friendly bioadhesives that best meet

their applicability domains. (Adam Augustyn, 2021).

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Related Studies

Saluyot (Corchorus olitorius) Leaves as Acoustic Gel for Ultrasound Imaging

According to this study of Alipio, M. (2017), the procedure in making an

acoustic gel followed the steps utilized in the study of Riguzzi (2016), who found

out that a 1:1 water-to-added substance ratio would yield the best consistency of

the gel.. The saluyot gel was made before 6 hours of its use in the study. The

saluyot leaves were removed from their stems, washed under flowing water and

then were set aside. The leaves were weighed, and 300 grams of samples were

obtained. The researchers put 300 ml of purified water and 300 grams of leaves

inside the 500-ml beaker. These were then heated using the electric stove for 15

minutes under a temperature of 80°C to 90°C. The mixture was removed from the

500- ml beaker, strained using a fine mesh strainer to ensure removal of saluyot

leaves and was set aside for 30 minutes. The produced saluyot gel was placed

directly into empty, sterilized, standard acoustic gel bottles. The saluyot leaves

were disposed to a container for organic waste.

Comparing the Durability and Strength of Simple Adhesive Recipes and PVA-

Based Glues

From the study of Elliot, B. & Fox S (2022) Cyanoacrylate glue is used in

many industries and is found in a great deal of everyday products. Even with its

great popularity, though, there is one aspect of Cyanoacrylate glue that consumers

worry about, and that’s its shelf-life. Because the bonding properties of the glue

can weaken after a certain period of time, this can be a big setback for consumers.
 10

Therefore, it is imperative that adhesives retain their durability and strength when

under pressure. The purpose of this project was to test the tensile strength of

several adhesive recipes in order to ultimately create a stronger adhesive.

Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) as Alternative Glue

According to the study by Stainley (2016), Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus)

includes mucilage that can be used to produce adhesive products. It is extensively

found in the Philippines and is frequently employed as a cooking thickener.

Primarily, mucilage is present in the upper portion of okra. This prompted the

researchers to develop an okra-based organic adhesive. The researchers

prepared flour and water for later usage. These also contain the ingredients for

boiling, such as the cooking pot. The researchers extract okra by boiling,

separating, and filtering it. This study is relevant to farmers so that they can

increase their production and profitability.

Preparation and properties of jute stick particleboard using citric acid–glycerol

mixture as a natural binder

In the study of Nitu et. al (2022), it shows the evaluation of citric acid and

glycerol as natural binders in the production of jute stick particleboard. The effects

of citric acid concentration (0–30 wt%), citric acid and glycerol combination (CA–G

ratio), and pressing temperatures on the characteristics of jute stick particleboard

were examined. Citric acid-bonded jute stick particleboard with a 20 wt% citric acid

concentration and a pressing temperature of 200 °C exhibited excellent

mechanical performance and dimensional stability. By adding a glycerol

concentration of 40/60, the characteristics were enhanced further. The modulus of

 11

rupture (MOR) and thickness swelling (TS) values of CA–G (40/60) bonded jute

stick particleboard were 19.67 N/mm2 and 9%, respectively, meeting the minimum

requirement for type-18 particleboard JIS A5908 (2003). The production of an ester

bond by polymerization of carboxylic and alcohol groups was confirmed by FTIR

analysis. Citric acid and glycerol polymer interacted with jute stick particles to form

cross-linked networks with superior characteristics, hence enhancing the

adhesiveness of particleboard. The blend of citric acid and glycerol has the

potential to serve as a natural binder in the manufacturing of jute stick

particleboard.
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CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the methods and procedures used in conducting this

study. This chapter also includes the gathering of materials, extraction of the

product, testing of the product, and observation of the results.

Flowchart of Procedures

Figure 1: Procedural Flowchart

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Materials

The following materials that were utilized for the manufacturing of the

product in this study are: one kilogram of C. olitorius, approximately 400 ml of

distilled water, one stainless cooking pot, 60 g of Gum Arabic powder, one glass

rod, one large-sized plastic bowl container, one centrifuge machine, Hot plate,

stirring rod, one cheesecloth, three conical flask, 80 g cornstarch, 16 g PVOH

powder (Polyvinyl Alcohol), stopwatch, and one rotary evaporator

Research Design

An experiment research design was observed in this study and it was

composed of three experiments for the effectiveness, wherein each experiment will

have six replicates.

Figure 2. Research Design

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Locale of the Study

The study was conducted in two different locations, the boiling, filtering, of

Saluyot (Corchorus olitorius) was conducted at Alabel National Science High

School Physics Laboratory, while centrifuging and water bathing was conducted at

City Heights, General Santos City, Salvani Street Catalina Building, Orca

Laboratory.

General Procedure

a.1 Preparation and Gathering of Materials

The materials needed for the study was gathered and prepared by

the researchers before proceeding in conducting the experiment. The

researchers will gather the apparatus and equipment necessary for the

experiment at Alabel National Science High School’s Physics Laboratory,

some materials such as: distilled water, cornstarch, and PVOH (Polyvinyl

Alcohol) can be bought in General Santos City markets, while the Saluyot

(Corchorus olitorius) fresh leaves were bought from General Santos City

Local Markets at Barangay Lagao After gathering all materials and

equipment, the researchers will then proceed to preparation, sanitation of

materials as well as the thorough washing of Saluyot leaves under running

water will be done (Montaño et al., 2009).

a.2. Preparation of PVOH powder

In a stainless cooking pot, 16g of PVOH powder will be slowly added

to 400mL water at around 360C room temperature. To avoid formation of

 15

lumps, slowly stir the mixture for 50 minutes, as it becomes sticky and tends

to form lumps, increase the temperature to 950C.

a.3. Preparation of Cornstarch Mixture

80 grams of cornstarch powder will be mixed with 160 ml of hot water

at a temperature of 950C. With this, the starch coming from the cornstarch

will start to swell and absorb water, this will then get thicken overtime

(Jampel, 2020). This 1:2 measurement yielded 180 ml of cornstarch

mixture.

b. Extraction of Saluyot

500 grams of C. olitorius leaves will be boiled in distilled water (400

ml) in a stainless cooking pot while continuously stirred for 1 hour using an

electric stove and a glass rod. After cooling, the sample was filtered using

a cheesecloth in order to remove the leaf residue from the actual extract.

Then the plant extract will be centrifuged (13,419× g for 10 min) to remove

any minimal leaf residue from the extract. This will yield a 400 ml solution of

Saluyot (Corchorus olitorius) and this intended to be collected in a conical

flask.

c. Water Bath

Water bathing the extracted Saluyot (Corchorus olitorius), using a

Rotary Evaporator, will ensure that no excess moisture is left in the sample.

Moisture can be susceptible to microbial contamination, which can lead to

spoilage and defacement or reduce the life of the product. With this, the
 16

utilization of RotaVap with hot water around 80 oC temperature can remove

excess water that was underlying in the sample.

d. Incorporating Polyvinyl Alcohol to the Extract.

The researchers used 600 ml of the extract, that was retrieved from

boiling the Saluyot (Corchorus olitorius), to be mixed with an equal amount

of PVOH (Polyvinyl Alcohol) and stirred them at around 0 °C using ice.

Then, in order to remove any presence of moisture, the sample will undergo

a water bath. The Saluyot (Corchorus olitorius) aqueous extract will be

stored in a plastic container and kept refrigerated at −3°C until further use

(Tosoc et al., 2021).

e. Making of the Superglue

After extracting the sticky substance from the leaves, the viscous

liquid will be incorporated with 80 grams of cornstarch, 60 grams of Gum

Arabic powder, and a large-sized plastic bowl. The mixture was stirred well

to make sure the ingredients were fully incorporated. After mixing, it will be

stored in an empty container with a lid. This will be the final product and will

be ready for product testing (Elliott and Fox, 2021).

f. Product Testing and Evaluation

1. Strength and Durability

To test the strength and durability of the product, the researchers

utilized the (TSS) Tensile Shear Strength testing, which is a standard

procedure for engineered cyanoacrylate adhesive compounds. It is used to

determine the strength of the adhesive by stretching for at least 3 cm apart

 17

between the two sample materials that are bonded with the adhesive. The

point at which the adhesive breaks indicates the peak tension force it can

withstand. The test was conducted in an enclosed area with a normal room

temperature typically around 25°C since temperature is one of the factors

that can affect the test results (Tansky, 2021).

2. Shelf life

An average commercial superglue, if stored properly, lasts about 6

to 8 weeks before the remaining cyanoacrylate polymerizes itself. (Coover,

2022). The product will be stored in an empty glue bottle, as stated in the

procedure C, the researchers will regularly check from time to time if the

product maintains its viscosity and other properties better than a

commercial superglue.

3. Versatility

An average commercial superglue is said to work with any surface

that contains moisture. Cyanoacrylate monomers are very reactive to water

thus clamp together to form polymers and adhere objects together. The

researchers will test the product if it works with two same surfaces: glass to

glass, wood to wood, paper to paper, and cloth to cloth; leather to leather,

or two different surfaces: glass to wood, cloth to glass, and etc (Tansky,

2019).

4. Time of Curing

An average drop of cyanoacrylate can achieve its full bond strength,

when left undisturbed, for at least 10 minutes. While it will be fully cured
 18

within 24 hours (Doeling, 2021). The researchers will test the time of curing

by utilizing a stopwatch after bonding two items with a drop of the superglue

product and will try to separate the items in order to verify if it is already

settled or not.

g. Comparing with Commercial Products

The commercial adhesive products are usually made of strong bonds

that can quickly align to the following surfaces: metal, rubber, leather, wood,

porcelain, and plastics except polypropylene and polyethylene. Despite its

surface application, it is not for gap-filling purposes because of the material

contents. Thus, the proposed product can be applied to any surface and is

affordable compared to the commercial product since it is made up of

bioadhesive. It also has the right viscosity until the end of its shelf life and

can resist the normal temperature.

Data Gathering Techniques

After the making of the product itself, the researchers started to conduct an

8-week trial to observe and test the properties of the superglue. Every week, the

researchers checked if the product has sustained its viscosity and adhesive factor

by putting a small drop amount in a dry surface. They also checked if the product

did not change any noticeable appearance when in terms of color, odor, and

texture.

Statistical Tool

The researchers utilized the descriptive and inferential statistics to present

the results and findings upon conducting the tests. The results that lie in the table
 19

shows the data gathered by the researchers while running the tests for the

durability, shelf life, versatility, and curing time. After satisfying the running of tests,

a paired t-test for independent samples was used to compare the performance of

both superglue from Saluyot leaf extract and the commercial superglue.

Data analysis

Data were processed using Microsoft excel software and submitted to JASP

software for one-way analysis of variance without replication. Data were tested for

homogeneity of variances using Bartlett’s chi-square test of significance.

Heterogenous data were then transformed using log transformation technique (𝑦 =

𝑙𝑜𝑔10(𝑥 + 1) ) before analysis of variance. Coefficient of variation was also

computed as:

√𝐸𝑀𝑆
%𝐶𝑉 = × 100
𝐺𝑀
 20

CHAPTER IV

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

In this chapter, the researchers present the data gathered in this study. This

study aimed at using the leaf extract of Saluyot (Corchorus olitorius) to create super

glue and testing its capabilities as well as its characteristics. Also, the alternative

superglue will be compared to a commercially available superglue. Table 1

presents the time of curing for the alternative superglue and commercial superglue,

Table 2 shows the strength, durability, and versatility characteristics of the Saluyot

alternative superglue, and Table 3 presents the shelf life of the product.

Table 1 shows the durability and versatile capability of saluyot-based

adhesive. Accordingly, paper took the longest time before tearing up (1.35 mins)

whereas glass lasted only three seconds (0.05 mins) before tearing because the

adhesive did not settle properly in between. On the other hand, the adhesive

sustained tension in wood, cloth, and plastic materials, but was not effective on

leather (0.05 mins) since it did not settle properly in between.

Table 1. Durability (mins) and versatile capability of saluyot-based adhesive

across multiple materials.

Duration Lasted
Versatile
Material before tearing Remarks
Capability
(mins)

It was the longest to

sustain the tensional
Paper to paper 1.35 +
force acting on the
material
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It was able to sustain the

Wood to wood 0.98 + tensional force acting on the
material

Leather to It can’t hold the material

leather 0.05 - since it did not settle
(Shoes) properly between them

It was able to sustain the

Cloth to cloth 1.07 + tensional force acted on the
material

Plastic to 0.53 + It was able to sustain the

plastic tensional force acted on the
material

Glass to glass 0.05 - It can’t hold the material since

it did not settle properly
between them

Results appear to conform with the study of Gadhave et al. (2017) who

found that starch-based adhesives per particularly effective on wood and fiber-

based products not least of which may include paper and cloth. On the other hand,

results surprisingly show that starch-based adhesive successfully bonded plastic

materials which have been to thought impossible since substrates are likely to

bond when atleast one material can absorb water as was noted in a review of

starch-based adhesives by Onusseit (1992). One rationalization for this may arise

from the fact that moisture can migrate through some plastic materials via vapor,

causing significant curing to induce sustained adhesion. On the other hand, leather

and glass have not bonded as strongly since water could not migrate nor diffuse

through both materials as effectively causing a significant delay in curing.

Table 2. shows the settling time and hardening time of both adhesives

across different materials. Accordingly, both agents did not vary homogenously,
 22

nor did the materials tested, for both settling time, p = .005 and p = .023

respectively, and hardening time p = .015 and p = .020 respectively. Hence, these

were transformed accordingly (see appendix tables 2 and 6).

Analysis of variance of transformed values indicate that both settling time,

F (5,5) = 4.876, p = 0.053, and hardening time, F (5,5) = 4.971 across materials

were not as different at the desired level of significance. However, descriptive

comparison indicates that both agents settles (0.18 ± 0.05 mins) and bonds (0.45

± 0.07 m) the fastest when used on paper, whereas applications on glass surfaces

tend to take the longest time to settle (42.33 ± 27.67 mins) and applications of

wood surfaces tend to take the longest time to harden (120.50 ± 54.50 mins).

Table 2. average (mean ± standard deviation) settling time (min) and hardening
time (min) of Saluyot based super glue across various materials in
comparison with commercial bonding agent (super glue).
Treatment Settling time (minutes) Hardening time (minutes)
Adhesive
A1 = Saluyot 26.10 ± 25.22 a 104.73 ± 81.71 a
A2 = Super glue 5.01 ± 5.48 b 20.35 ± 23.09 b
Χ2 p-value .005 .015
F - test * *
P - Value .031 .045
Materials
M1 = Paper to paper 0.18 ± 0.05 0.45 ± 0.07
M2 = Wood to wood 7.17 ± 3.83 120.50 ± 54.50
M3 = Leather to leather 25.02 ± 24.03 98.50 ± 96.50
M3 = Cloth to cloth 15.71 ± 5.58 37.29 ± 21.76
M3 = Plastic to plastic 2.93 ± 2.13 10.84 ± 5.02
M3 = Glass to glass 42.33 ± 27.67 107.69 ± 75.31
Χ2 p-value .023 .020
F - test ns ns
P - Value 0.053 0.052
%CV 38.04 32.43
 23

Note.
- * = significant
- ns = not significant
- Means with the same superscript are not significantly different based on Turkey’s
HSD Test

On the other hand, analysis of variance indicated that agents settled, F(1,5)

= 8.788, p = .031, and hardened, F(1,5) = 7.045, p = .045, within significantly

different periods. A comparison of means (see appendix tables 4 and 8) indicated

that super glue settled and hardened at a significantly faster rate than saluyot-

based super glue. Commercial treatment appears to be efficient in bonding across

multiple materials, although saluyot-based agent, does show promise in that it

bonds across all materials tested.

As expected, commercial superglue conforms with the review of

Klemarczyk and Guthrie (2010) in that it bonds faster due to the presence of

cyanoacrylates that react in the presence of low moisture levels. On the other

hand, biomass-based adhesives such as those based on saluyot conform with

requirements for environmental development as was noted by Xian-qing et al.

(2018). On the other hand, Jimenez Bartolome et al. (2022) noted that starch-

based adhesives, while environmentally-friendly require suitable modifications to

overcome its dependency on temperature and moisture level. On the other hands,

these factors may have also affected the performance of saluyot-based adhesives.

Table 3. Shelf life (Smell, Texture, Viscosity)

Week Date Observed Smell Texture Viscosity

(Centipoise or cps)
 24

Week 1 February 20, 2023 None Slime-like 150 cps

Week 2 February 28, 2023 None Slime-like 150 cps

Week 3 March 8, 2023 None Glue-like 200 cps

Week 4 March 14, 2023 None Glue-like 200 cps

Week 5 March 21, 2023 None Glue-like 200 cps

Week 6 March 28, 2023 None Glue-like 200 cps

Week 7 April 7, 2023 None Glue-like 200 cps

Week 8 April 13, 2023 None Glue-like 200 cps

Table 3 presents the shelf life through the course of approximately two

months, from February 28, 2023 up to April 13, 2023. The symbol that is shown in

the third column “Smell”, the symbol (✕) denotes that there are little to no strange

or spoilage odor that can be smelled from the product. For weeks one and two, the

viscosity that was measured is 150 centipoises with a texture close to a slime, 150

centipoise level of viscosity can be compared to a resin. Moreover, week three up

to week eiight is entirely the same, the viscosity that was measured is 200

centipoises with a texture that can be compared to a regular glue, the latest state

of viscosity is very close to a commercial regular glue.

 25

CHAPTER V

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATION

This chapter presents the summary of findings, conclusions based on the

data analysis in the earlier parts of the paper, and recommendations for the

improvement of the study in the future.

Summary of Findings

The study investigated the durability, versatility, settling time, and

hardening time of a saluyot-based adhesive across different materials. The results

showed that the adhesive performed well in sustaining tension in wood, cloth, and

plastic materials, but was ineffective on leather and glass. The settling time and

hardening time varied among the materials tested, with paper having the fastest

settling and wood having the longest hardening time. A comparison with a

commercial super glue revealed that the commercial adhesive settled and

hardened at a significantly faster rate.

Conclusion

The study concludes that the saluyot-based adhesive shows promise in

bonding across different materials, particularly wood, cloth, and plastic. However,

it is not effective on leather and glass. The commercial super glue outperformed

the saluyot-based adhesive in terms of settling time and hardening time. The

findings align with previous studies on starch-based adhesives and the

performance of commercial superglue. Apart from this, based on the findings, the

researchers were able to conclude the following:

 26

1. Although Saluyot (Corchorus olitorius) leaf extract possesses adhering

capabilities, it did not encompass the characteristics of a commercialized

superglue.

2. Moisture content in the product can shorten the shelf life of the product, the

more moisture content, the faster the product degrades and spoils.

3. The product can bind materials such as: paper, clothes, wood, and plastic

together effectively

4. The product cannot bind metals and items made of glass.

Recommendation

To enhance the effectiveness and competitiveness of the saluyot-based

adhesive, several recommendations can be implemented. Firstly, it is important to

invest in research and development to improve the adhesive's formulation

specifically for bonding leather and glass. By identifying the factors that hinder

bonding with these materials and working on modifying the adhesive, its

performance can be enhanced. Additionally, efforts should be made to reduce the

settling and hardening time of the adhesive across all materials. This can be

achieved through optimization of the adhesive's chemical composition or exploring

alternative curing methods. Comparative studies should be conducted with other

commercial adhesives to benchmark the performance of the saluyot-based

adhesive, identifying areas where it excels and areas where improvements are

needed. Promoting the environmental benefits of the saluyot-based adhesive,

such as its biomass-based composition and potential for sustainability, can help

attract environmentally-conscious consumers and industries. Collaborations with

 27

academic institutions, research centers, and industry partners should be fostered

to leverage their expertise and resources in adhesive development. By

implementing these recommendations, the saluyot-based adhesive can be

enhanced to increase its effectiveness and competitiveness in the market, while

maintaining its environmentally-friendly characteristics.

 28

REFERENCES

Alipio, M., Questo, D. L., Subang, D. M., & Tan, L. (2019). Saluyot

(Corchorus Olitorius L.) leaves as acoustic gel for ultrasound

imaging. Central Mindanao University Journal of Science, 23(2).

https://doi.org/10.52751/vblo5146

An eco-friendly cellulose-based adhesive. AIChE. (2020).

Retrieved October 5, 2022, from

https://www.aiche.org/resources/publications/cep/2020/april/cepnews

-update/eco-friendly-cellulose-based-

adhesive?fbclid=IwAR0xkiWiUYVCod7AZAoAiFbov_qh2iS4dCxr4

dIPlDEc-KL9Op75b0r4I8k

Chand, N., & Fahim, M. (2014). Jute reinforced polymer composites.

Tribology of Natural Fiber Polymer Composites. Retrieved October 5,

2022, from

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B978184569393

050004X

Coover, H. (2022). What is the average shelf life of cyanoacrylate glue?

Gluegun.com. Retrieved September 24, 2022, from

https://www.gluegun.com/blogs/adhesive-reviews/what-averageshelf-

life-cyanoacrylate-glue

Doering, A. (2021). The most common questions - and

answers - about cyanoacrylate adhesives. Gluegun.com. Retrieved

September 24, 2022, from

 29

https://www.gluegun.com/blogs/news/most-common-

questionsanswers-cyanoacrylate-adhesives

Elliott, B., & Fox, S. (2022). Comparing the durability and strength of simple

adhesive recipes and PVA-based glues. Journal of Student

Research. Retrieved September 24, 2022, from

https://www.jsr.org/hs/index.php/path/article/view/1556

Gadhave, R. V., Mahanwar, P. A., & Gadekar, P. T. (2017). Starch-based

adhesives for wood/wood composite bonding.

Imam, S. H., Gordon, S. H., Mao, L., & Chen, L. (2015). Environmentally

friendly wood adhesive from a renewable plant polymer:

Characteristics and optimization. Polymer Degradation and Stability.

Retrieved September 24, 2022, from

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014139100100

1148?fbclid=IwAR0lxQPXSeBA2bhIbR9YCNFTBQ0gqsXJyFFEF

sHE3cIOXzfWBfC02bCfhTA Mighty bond shoes - pioneer. (n.d.).

Retrieved September 24, 2022, from

https://www.pioneeradhesives.com/wp-

content/uploads/2021/06/TDS_PioneerMighty-Bond-

Shoes_022019.pdf

Jampel, S. (2020). Cornstarch is a powerful tool that must be used

responsibly. Bon Appétit. Retrieved April 23, 2023, from

https://www.bonappetit.com/story/the-power-of-

almightycornstarch?fbclid=IwAR18ZKwfuWGqUURUejzOydfFQRhbt

vFyu6 YXg1Z1ENdyfXK2pQHc5Dy-GDE
 30

Jimenez Bartolome, M., Padhi, S. S. P., Fichtberger, O. G., Schwaiger, N.,

Seidl, B., Kozich, M., Nyanhongo, G. S., & Guebitz, G. M. (2022).

Improving Properties of Starch-Based Adhesives with Carboxylic

Acids and Enzymatically Polymerized Lignosulfonates. International

Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(21), 13547.

Klemarczyk, P., & Guthrie, J. (2010). Advances in anaerobic and

cyanoacrylate adhesives. In Advances in structural adhesive bonding

(pp. 96-131). Elsevier.

Mighty bond shoes - pioneer. (2021). Retrieved September 24, 2022, from

https://www.pioneer-adhesives.com/wp-

content/uploads/2021/06/TDS_Pioneer-Mighty-

BondShoes_022019.pdf

Morrow, J. (2022). What Temperature Does Super Glue Melt –

Learn from Glue Expert. GlueAid. Retrieved September 24, 2022,

from https://glueaid.com/what-temperature-does-super-glue-melt/

Montaño, N. E., et. al. (2009). Extraction and partial characterization of the

water-soluble mucilage from Corchorus Olitorius Linn. (fam.

Tiliaceae). KIMIKA. Retrieved October 2, 2022, from

http://kimika.pfcs.org.ph/index.php/kimika/article/view/109

Nitu, I. P., Rahman, S., et. al. (2022). Preparation and properties of jute

stick particleboard using citric acid–glycerol mixture as a natural

binder. SpringerOpen. Retrieved February 7, 2023, from

https://jwoodscience.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s10086022-

02039-0
 31

Onusseit, H. (2018). Starch in industrial adhesives: new developments.

Industrial Crops and Products, 1(2-4), 141-146.

Stainley, A. (2022). Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) as Alternative Glue.

StudyMoose. Retrieved February 7, 2023, from

https://studymoose.com/okra-abelmoschus-esculentus-asalternative-

glue-essay

Tansky, M. (2019). The strength behind Industrial Super Glue. Default

HubSpot Blog. Retrieved September 24, 2022, from

https://info.aronalpha.net/blog/the-strength-behind-

industrialsuperglue#:~:text=Super%20glue%20is%20a%20versatile,p

olymers%2 0and%20adhere%20objects%20together.

Tosoc, J. P. S., Nuñeza, O. M., Sudha, T., Darwish, N. H. E., & Mousa, S.

(2021). Anticancer effects of the corchorus olitorius aqueous extract

and its bioactive compounds on human cancer

cell lines. MDPI. Retrieved October 2, 2022, from

https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/19/6033

Wangling, D. (2021) Application Of bioadhesives. Retrieved april 24, 2023

from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC 8446440/

Xian-qing, X., Yu-liang, B., Wei-juan, G., Lu, F., & Zhi-hui, W. (2018).

Preparation and application of high performance corn starch glue in

straw decorative panel. Wood and Fiber Science, 50(1), 88-95.

 32

APPENDICES
 33

APPENDIX A

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1. Time of Curing

Saluyot (Corchorus Commercial Superglue

olitorius) Alternative (Mighty Bond)

Materials Superglue

Settled Fully Settled Fully

Hardened Hardened

Paper to paper 14 seconds 30 seconds 8 seconds 22 seconds

Wood to wood 11 minutes 2 hours and 3 minutes 1 hour and

55 minutes and 20 6 minutes
seconds

Leather to leather 49 minutes – 59 seconds 2 minutes

and 3
(Shoes) seconds

Cloth to cloth 21 minutes 59 minutes 10 minutes 15 minutes

and 17 and 3 and 8 and 32
seconds seconds seconds seconds

Plastic to plastic 5 minutes 15 minutes 48 seconds 5 minutes

and 3 and 51 and 49
seconds seconds seconds

Glass to glass 1 hour and – 14 minutes 32 minutes

10 minutes and 40 and 23
seconds seconds
 34

Table 2. Strength, Durability, and Versatility (Tensile Shear Strength)

Material Duration Lasted Versatile Remarks

(Before Tearing
up) Capability

Paper to paper 1 minute and 21 + It was the

seconds longest to
sustain the
tensional force
acting on the
material

Wood to wood 59 seconds + It was able to

sustain the
tensional force
acting on the
material

Leather to leather 3 seconds - It can’t hold the

material since it
(Shoes) did not settle
properly
between them
 35

Cloth to cloth 1 minute and 4 + It was able to

seconds sustain the

tensional force
acted on the
material

Plastic to plastic 32 seconds + It was able to

sustain the
tensional force
acted on the
material

Glass to glass 3 seconds - It can’t hold the

material since it
did not settle
properly
between them
 36

Table 3. Shelf life (Smell, Texture, Viscosity)

Week Date Observed Smell Texture Viscosity

(Centipoise or cps)

Week 1 February 20, 2023 None Slime-like 150 cps

Week 2 February 28, 2023 None Slime-like 150 cps

Week 3 March 8, 2023 None Glue-like 200 cps

Week 4 March 14, 2023 None Glue-like 200 cps

Week 5 March 21, 2023 None Glue-like 200 cps

Week 6 March 28, 2023 None Glue-like 200 cps

Week 7 April 7, 2023 None Glue-like 200 cps

Week 8 April 13, 2023 None Glue-like 200 cps

 37

Table 4. Effect of different adhesives (treatments) on the settling time (mins) in

the bonding of different materials.

Material
Treatment Total Mean
M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6
A1 0.23 11.00 49.05 21.28 5.05 70.00 156.62 26.10
A2 0.13 3.33 0.98 10.13 0.80 14.67 30.05 5.01
Grand Total 186.67
Grand Mean 15.56

Table 5. Log transformed effect of different adhesives (treatments) on the settling

time (mins) in the bonding of different materials.

Material
Adhesives Total Mean
M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6
A1 0.09 1.08 1.70 1.35 0.78 1.85 6.85 1.14
A2 0.05 0.64 0.30 1.05 0.26 1.19 3.49 0.58
Grand Total 10.34
Grand Mean 0.86

Table 6. Analysis of variance of the settling time (mins) of adhesives after

transformation (log transformation)
Cases Sum of Squares df Mean Square F p
Adhesives 0.944 1 0.944 8.788 0.031
Material 2.618 5 0.524 4.876 0.053
Residuals 0.537 5 0.107
Note. Type III Sum of Squares

Table 7. Pairwise comparison of settling time (mins) between Adhesives after

transformation (log transformation) using Tukey’s honestly
significant difference test.
Mean Difference SE t ptukey
Mighty Bond Saluyot -0.561 0.189 -2.964 0.031 *
* p < .05
Note. Results are averaged over the levels of: Material
 38

Table 8. Effect of different adhesives (treatments) on the time (mins) until complete
hardening in the bonding of different materials.

Material
Adhesives Total Mean
M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6
A1 0.50 175.00 195.00 59.05 15.85 183.00 628.40 104.73
A2 0.37 66.00 2.00 15.53 5.82 32.38 122.10 20.35
Grand Total 750.50
Grand Mean 62.54

Table 9. Log-transformed effect of different agents (treatments) on the time (mins)

until complete hardening in the bonding of different materials.

Material
Adhesives Total Mean
M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6
A1 0.18 2.25 2.29 1.78 1.23 2.26 9.98 1.66
A2 0.14 1.83 0.48 1.22 0.83 1.52 6.01 1.00
Grand Total 16.00
Grand Mean 1.33

Table 10. Analysis of variance of the time (mins) until complete hardening of
adhesives after transformation (log transformation)
Cases Sum of Squares df Mean Square F p
Treatment 1.313 1 1.313 7.045 0.045
Material 4.633 5 0.927 4.971 0.052
Residuals 0.932 5 0.186
Note. Type III Sum of Squares

Table 11. Pairwise comparison in the hardening time (mins) between adhesives
after transformation (log transformation) using Tukey’s honestly
significant difference test.
Mean Difference SE t ptukey
Mighty Bond Saluyot -0.662 0.249 -2.654 0.045 *
* p < .05
 39

APPENDIX B

BUDGETARY PROPOSAL

Quantity Item Price of item Total Amount in

(Php) Peso (Shipping
fee included)

17 bundles 1kg Saluyot Php 10.00 Php 170.00

(Leaves)

1 Polyvinyl Alcohol Php 280.00 Php 313.00

(250g)

1 Gum Arabic Php 150.00 Php 209.00

Powder (1kg)

N/a Laboratory Fee Php 1,900.00 Php 1,900.00

(Orca
Laboratories)
Total: Php 2,492.00

Fee per member: Php 415.00

 40

APPENDIX C

CALENDAR OF ACTIVITIES (December 2022)

SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT

1 2 3

4 5 6 7 8 9 10
FINDING ORDERING
AVAILABILITY MATERIALS
OF ONLINE
MATERIALS
ONLINE

11 12 13 14 15 16 17
COLLECTING GATHERING
OF FUNDS OF
MATERIALS

18 19 20 21 22 23 24

25 26 27 28 29 30 31
1ST LAB
EXPERIMENT
ATION
@ALSCI
PHYSICS LAB
 41

APPENDIX D

CALENDAR OF ACTIVITIES (January 2023)

SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT

1 2 3 4 5 6 7
GROUP
MEETING AND
DISCUSSION
FOR
EXPERIMENTA
TION
8 9 10 11 12 13 14

15 16 17 18 19 20 21
EXPERIMENT
ATION
@ORCA LAB

22 23 24 25 26 27 28
CLAIMING
OF
SAMPLES
IN THE
LAB

29 30 31
 42

APPENDIX E

CALENDAR OF ACTIVITIES (March 2023)

SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT

1 2 3 4
2ND LAB
EXPERIMENTATION
@ALSCI PHYSICS LAB

5 6 7 8 9 10 11

12 13 14 15 16 17 18

19 20 21 22 23 24 25
GROUP MEETING AND
DISCUSSION FOR
PRODUCT TESTING

26 27 28 29 30 31
 43

APPENDIX F

CALENDAR OF ACTIVITIES (April 2023)

SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

8 9 10 11 12 13 14

15 16 17 18 19 20 21

22 23 24 25 26 27 28
PRODUCT PRODUCT GATHERING OF
TESTING TESTING DATA

29 30
 44

APPENDIX G

DOCUMENTATION

DOCUMENTATION OF RESEARCH ACTIVITIES IN ALABEL NATIONAL

SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL AND ORCA LABORATORIES

Figure 4. Boiling of Saluyot Figure 5. Filtering of Saluyot

Figure 6. Centrifuging of the Extract Figure 7. Collecting Extract

 45

Figure 8. Collecting Extract Figure 9. Collected Saluyot Extract

Figure 10 and 11. Product Testing

 46

CURRICULUM
VITAE
 47

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Name: ZERI E. LABADIA

Address: Blk 1, Lot 12, Falgui Subdivision Barangay Lagao

General Santos City

Date of Birth: October 27, 2004

Place of Birth: Barangay Lagao, General Santos City

Parents: Burt A. Labadia

Millicent Espino-Martinez

Motto: “Failures equals improvement, improvement equals success,

success equals opportunity, opportunity equals job, job

equals money, money equals happiness”

EDUCATION

Secondary: Scholar

Senior High School

Alabel National Science High School

2021 – Present
 48

Secondary: Scholar

Junior High School

Alabel National Science High School

2017 – 2021

Primary: Sarangani Montessori School Foundation Inc.

2011 – 2017

HONORS, SCHOLARSHIPS AND AWARDS

Awardee: With High Honors ( 3rd Quarter)

Alabel National Science High School

2022 – 2023

With High Honors (2nd Quarter)

Alabel National Science High School

2022 – 2023

With High Honors (1st Quarter)

Alabel National Science High School

2022 – 2023

With High Honors (4th Quarter)

 49

Alabel National Science High School

2021 – 2022

With High Honors (3rd Quarter)

Alabel National Science High School

2021 – 2022

With High Honors (2nd Quarter)

Alabel National Science High School

2021 - 2022

With High Honors (1st Quarter)

Alabel National Science High School

2021 – 2022

Awardee: CHAMPION

Sabayang Pagbigkas

December 2023

UPCA Passer

2023

GSDMSFI Passer

2023
 50

San Pedro College Passer

2023

2ND PLACER

Leadership Summit

Alabel National Science High School

CHAMPION Speech Choir

Alabel National Science High School

November 2022

CHAMPION Leadership Webinar

Alabel National Science High School

2021

1ST RUNNER UP STEM Participant (Amazing Race)

Alabel National Science High School

2020

CHAMPION Bench Cheering

Intramurals

November 2019
 51

2ND PLACE CHEER AND YELL

STEM Month

October 2019

3rd PLACE Darts

Intramurals

2019

CHAMPION Mass Dance

Foundation Day

June 2018

CHAMPION Talakudong Festival Participant

MAPEH Day

2017

2ND Runner Up Hands-on Math Olympics

Alabel SPED

2015

CHAMPION Scrabble Tournament

Sarangani Montessori School Foundation Inc.

2015
 52

CONSISTENT TOP 4 STUDENT (ELEMENTARY)

Sarangani Montessori School Foundation Inc.

2011 – 2017

SEMINARS AND TRAININGS ATTENDED

Participant: Work Immersion

Alabel National Science High School

May 2023

Career Guidance

Alabel National Science High School

March 2023

Leadership Summit Facilitator

Alabel National Science High School

February 2023

8th Sangguniang Panlalawigan

Alabel Capitol Gym

February 2023

Intramurals 2022 Facilitator

General Santos City

 53

2022

SSG Online Training Participant

Alabel Sarangani Province

2022

Leadership Webinar Facilitator

Alabel National Science High School

2022

Kumusta Ka? Mental Health Awareness Webinar

Alabel National Science High School

2021

PAC Choir Member

Alabel National Science High School

2019-2023

U4YOUTH Participant

Alabel National Science High School

2018
 54

SPECIAL ASSIGNMENT

Alabel National Science High School

Regional Science High School for Region XII

Alabel, Sarangani Province

Treasurer

Supreme Student Government

2022-2023

Grade 11 Batch Representative

Supreme Student Government

2021-2022

Treasurer

Classroom Officer

2020-2021

Treasurer

Classroom Officer

2019-2020

Treasurer

Classroom Officer

2018-2019
 55

Treasurer

Classroom Officer

2017-2018
 56

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Name: HANNAH ANGELINE R. GUNDAY

Address: Blk 3, Lot 3, Susana Homes 2, Barangay

Lagao, General Santos City

Date of Birth: March 3, 2004

Place of Birth: Bula, General Santos City

Parents: Ruel M. Gunday

Sheryll R. Gunday

Motto: “Life is an open book full of blank pages,

You write the story as you go”

EDUCATION

Secondary: Scholar

Senior High School

Alabel National Science High School

2021 – Present

Secondary: Scholar

Junior High School

 57

Alabel National Science High School

2017 - 2021
Primary: GSC SPED Integrated School

2011 – 2017

HONORS, SCHOLARSHIPS AND AWARDS

Awardee: With High Honors ( 3rd Quarter)

Alabel National Science High School

2022 – 2023

With Honors (2nd Quarter)

Alabel National Science High School

2022 – 2023

With Honors (1st Quarter)

Alabel National Science High School

2022 – 2023

With High Honors (4th Quarter)

Alabel National Science High School

2021 – 2022

With High Honors (3rd Quarter)

 58

Alabel National Science High School

2021 – 2022

With High Honors (2nd Quarter)

Alabel National Science High School

2021 - 2022

With High Honors (1st Quarter)

Alabel National Science High School

2021 – 2022

Awardee: CHAMPION

Sabayang Pagbigkas

December 2023

UPCA Waitlisted (Accepted)

2023

Accepted in Malayan Colleges Mindanao

2023

2ND PLACER

Leadership Summit

Alabel National Science High School

 59

BEST FEMALE DRIVER

TESDA Driving Course

2022

CHAMPION Valorant Tournament

Intramurals

2022

CHAMPION Leadership Webinar

Alabel National Science High School

2021

1ST RUNNER UP STEM Participant

Alabel National Science High School

2020

CHAMPION Bench Cheering

Intramurals

November 2019

2ND PLACE CHEER AND YELL

STEM Month
 60

October 2019

CHAMPION Slogan Making

Buwan ng Wika

2019

CHAMPION Mass Dance

Foundation Day

June 2018

Chess Representative

Intramurals

2018

CHAMPION Talakudong Festival Participant

MAPEH Day

2017

SRAA Chess Representative

GSC SPED Integrated School

2016

3RD PLACE SRAA Athletics

 61

GSC SPED Integrated School

2016

1ST PLACE POSTER MAKING

Nutrition Month

2015

3RD PLACE POSTER MAKING

Buwan ng Wika

2015

CONSISTENT HONOR STUDENT

GSC SPED Integrated School

2011 – 2017

SEMINARS AND TRAININGS ATTENDED

Participant: Work Immersion

Alabel National Science High School

May 2023

Career Guidance

Alabel National Science High School

March 2023
 62

Leadership Summit

Alabel National Science High School

February 2023

Valorant Tournament: Maiden Rising

General Santos City

2022

TESDA Driving Course

Katangawan, General Santos City

2022

Leadership Webinar Representative

Alabel National Science High School

2022

Kumusta Ka?: Mental Health Awareness

Webinar

Alabel National Science High School

2021

U4YOUTH Participant

Alabel National Science High School

2018
 63

SPECIAL ASSIGNMENT

Alabel National Science High School

Regional Science High School for Region XII

Alabel, Sarangani Province

Auditor

Classroom Officer

2023

Treasurer

Classroom Officer

2022
 64

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Name: KAYE A. BENIGAY

Sarangani Province

Date of Birth: September 04, 2004

Place of Birth: Ladol, Alabel, Sarangani Province

Parents: Nelson S. Benigay

Lilybeth A. Benigay

Ambition: “To Become a Successful Agriculturist”

Motto: “Embrace the struggle, embrace the growth”

EDUCATION

Senior High School:

Alabel National Science High School

Maribulan, Alabel, Sarangani Province

October 2021-Present

Alabel National Science High School

Junior High School:
Maribulan, Alabel, Sarangani Province

June 2017 – March 2021

 65

Elementary: Ladol Elementary School

Address: Purok 1, Block 7, Ladol, Alabel,

Ladol, Alabel, Sarangani Province

March 2017

Kindergarten: Purok 11, Kawas, Day Care Center

Kawas, Alabel, Sarangani Province

March 2011

Participant CHAMPION (Damath)

Sport-event (District Competition)

2011

Participant 3rd PLACE (MTAP)

Math Olympic (District Competition)

2011

Participant CHAMPION (Damath)

Sport-event (District Competition)

2012

Participant 3rd PLACE (MTAP)

Math Olympic (District Competition)

 66

2012

Participant 1st PLACE (Damath)

Sport-event (District Competition)

2013

Participant 3rd PLACE (MTAP)

Math Olympic (District Competition)

2013

Participant CHAMPION (Balagtasan)

Buwan ng Wika (School-based)

2013

Participant 3rd PLACE (Poster-making)

Nutrition Month (School-based)

2013

Participant CHAMPION (Chess)

Sport-event (District Competition)

2014

Participant 3rd PLACE (MTAP)

 67

Math Olympic (District Competition)

2014

Participant CHAMPION (Balagtasan)

Buwan ng Wika (School-based)

2014

Participant 2nd PLACE (Poster-making)

Nutrition Month (School-based)

2014

Participant Journalist (Editorial Cartooning)

Journalism (District Competition)

2014

Participant CHAMPION (Chess)

Sport-event (District Competition)

2015

Participant 3rd PLACE (MTAP)

Math Olympic (District Competition)

2015

Participant 1st PLACE (Poster-making)

 68

Nutrition Month (School-based)

2015

Participant CHAMPION (Table Tennis)

Single-A Category

Sport-event (District Competition)

2016

Participant CHAMPION (Table Tennis)

Single-A Category

Sport-event (Division Competition)

2016

Participant Single-A Category (Table Tennis)

Sport-event (Provincial Meet)

2016

Participant 3rd PLACE (MTAP)

Math Olympic (District Competition)

2016

Participant CHAMPION (Poster-making)

Nutrition Month (School-based)

2016
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Participant CHAMPION (Encoder)

Reading Month (Division Competition)

November 2016

Participant 2nd PLACE (Table Tennis)

Intramurals (Doubles Category)

Maribulan, Alabel, Sarangani Province

2017

Participant CHAMPION (Mass Dance)

Intramurals

Maribulan, Alabel, Sarangani Provice

2018

Battle of the Bands

Participant
Foundation Day

Maribulan, Alabel, Sarangani Province

2018
 70

1st PLACE (Table Tennis)

Participant
Intramurals (Doubles Category)

Maribulan, Alabel, Saragani Province

2019

Participant CHAMPION (Bench Cheering)

Intramurals
November 2019

Participant 2ND PLACE (Cheer and Yell)

STEM Month
October 2019

Participant CHAMPION (Speech Choir)

Reading Month (Division Competition)

December 2020

Participant CHAMPION (Jingle Writing)

English Festival (School-based)

Maribulan, Alabel, Sarangani Province

2022

Participant CHAMPION (Jingle Writing)

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Food Choices Symposium

Maribulan, Alabel, Sarangani Province

2023

SCHOLARSHIPS

Scholar Sarangani Energy Corporation

Maasim, Sarangani Province

2017-Present

ACHIEVEMENTS

With Honors Grade 1

Ladol Elementary School

March 2012

With Honors Grade 2

Ladol Elementary School

March 2013

With Honors Grade 3

Ladol Elementary School

March 2014
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With Honors Grade 4

Ladol Elementary School

March 2015

With Honors Grade 5

Ladol Elementary School

March 2016

With Honors Grade 6

Ladol Elementary School

April 2017

With Honors Grade 8

Alabel National Science High School

April 2019

With Honors Grade 9

Alabel National Science High School

April 2020

With Honors Grade 10

Alabel National Science High School

July 2021
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With High Honors Grade 11

Alabel National Science High School

July 2022

With Honors Grade 12

Alabel National Science High School

July 2023

SEMINARS AND TRAININGS ATTENDED

Participant Work Immersion

Alabel National Science High School

May 2023

Participant Career Guidance

Alabel National Science High School

March 2023

Participant OVERALL CHAMPION (Unit Captain)

Youth Camp (District)

Tupi, South Cotabato

2022
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Participant 1st PLACE (Youth Camp)

Ladol, Alabel, Sarangani Province

2021

Participant BEST UNIT CAPTAIN (Youth Camp)

Ladol, Alabel, Sarangani Province

2021

SPECIAL ASSIGNMENTS

SSG OFFICER Ladol Elementary School

Auditor Ladol, Alabel, Sarangani Province

2016-2017

VEC CLUB Alabel National Science High School

Member Maribulan, Alabel, Sarangani Province

2017-2018

MAPEH CLUB Alabel National Science High School

Member Maribulan, Alabel, Sarangani Province

2018-2019
 75

PAC CHOIR Alabel National Science High School

Member Maribulan, Alabel, Sarangani Province

2018-2023

PAC CHOIR Alabel National Science High School Batch

Representative Maribulan, Alabel, Sarangani Province

2022-2023
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PERSONAL INFORMATION

Name: ZAYREL JAY A. YORSUA

Address: Purok 5, Cogonal Alabel, Sarangani Province

Date of Birth: October 9, 2004

Place of Birth: General Santos City

Parents: Henry J. Yorsua

Modesta A. Yorsua

Motto: ‘’Unexpected things are the best’’

EDUCATION

Secondary: Senior High School

Alabel National Science High School

2021 – 2023
Secondary:
Junior High School

Alabel National Science High School

2017 – 2021
Alabel Central Integrated SPED
Elementary:

2011 – 2016
 77

HONORS, SCHOLARSHIPS AND AWARDS

Awardee: With Honors (1st to 3rd Quarter)

Alabel National Science High School

2022 – 2023

With Honors (1st to 4th Quarter)

Alabel National Science High School

2021 – 2022

With Honors (1st to 4th Quarter)

Alabel National Science High School

2020 - 2021
 78

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Name: ARNOLD JOHN Q. PALABRICA

Address: PUROK MASUNURIN, BUAYAN, GSC

Date of Birth : JUNE 22, 2024

Place of Birth: GENERAL SANTOS CITY

Parents: CERILA Q. PALABRICA,

ARNULFO D. PALABRICA

Ambition: “become a successful architect”

Motto: “there was a time that Einstein couldn’t count to ten”

EDUCATION:

Senior High School: ALABEL NATIONAL SCIENCE HIGH

SCHOOL

MARIBULAN, ALABEL,
SARANGANI

PROVINCE
 79

August 2021 - present

Junior High School ALABEL NATIONAL SCIENCE HIGH

SCHOOL

MARIBULAN, ALABEL, SARANGANI

PROVINCE

June, 2017 – 2021

Elementary:
ST. LOUISE DE MARILLAC

MONTESSORI

PUROK 1, BUAYAN, GENERAL

SANTOS CITY

June, 2011 – March, 2017

Pre-school:
ALLIANCE CHURCH BUAYAN

SCHOOL
PUROK MASUNURIN, BUAYAN,

June,2009 – March, 2010

ACHIEVEMENTS

With honors GRADE 12

ALABEL NATIONAL SCIENCE HIGH

SCHOOL

SPECIAL ASSIGNMENTS:
 80

JEM - MEMBER

ALABEL NATIONAL SCIENCE HIGH

SCHOOL

2017-2019

JEM - MEMBER

ALABEL NATIONAL SCIENCE HIGH

SCHOOL

2019
 81

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Name: JEFF IAN D. MAGHIRANG

Address: Blk 3, Lot 4, Alpha Village, Alabel Poblacion

Sarangani, Province

Date of Birth: September 30, 2004

Place of Birth: General Santos City

Parents: Bobby D. Maghirang

Judith D. Maghirang

Motto: “Curiosity fuels discovery, shaping our future”

EDUCATION

Secondary: Senior High School

Alabel National Science High School

2021 – Present
 82

Secondary: Scholar

Junior High School

Alabel National Science High School

2017 – 2021

Primary: Alabel Central Integrated SPED School

2011 - 2017

HONORS, SCHOLARSHIPS AND AWARDS

Awardee: With Honors ( 3rd Quarter)

Alabel National Science High School

2022 – 2023

With Honors (2nd Quarter)

Alabel National Science High School

2022 – 2023

With Honors (1st Quarter)

Alabel National Science High School

2022 – 2023

With Honors (4th Quarter)

Alabel National Science High School

2021 – 2022
 83

With Honors (3rd Quarter)

Alabel National Science High School

2021 – 2022

With Honors (2nd Quarter)

Alabel National Science High School

2021 - 2022

With Honors (1st Quarter)

Alabel National Science High School

2021 – 2022

Awardee: CHAMPION

Table Tennis Milo

2017

Accepted in AISAT DAVAO

2023

Accepted in The Maritime Academy of

Asia of Pacific (MAAP)
2023

Leadership Webinar
 84

Alabel National Science High School

2021

1ST RUNNER UP STEMCAMP

Alabel National Science High School

2017

Table Tennis Representative

Intramurals

2017 - 2019

CONSISTENT HONOR STUDENT

Alabel SPED Integrated School

2011 – 2017

SEMINARS AND TRAININGS ATTENDED

Participant: Work Immersion

Alabel National Science High School

May 2023

Career Guidance

Alabel National Science High School

 85

March 2023

Leadership Summit

Alabel National Science High School

February 2023

SPECIAL ASSIGNMENTS:

AYPSJ - AUDITOR

ALABEL NATIONAL SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL

2017

RED CROSS - AUDITOR

ALABEL NATIONAL SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL

2022 - PRESENT