PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1 - Updated

Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
TANDAG NATIONAL SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL
Tabon-tabon, Quezon, Tandag City
HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES STRAND
UNDERCURRENTS AND PAVEMENT: AN EXPLORATION OF DAGOCDOC

TANDAG CITY`S SIDEWALK FISH VENDORS
A Qualitative Research Paper

to be Presented to
the Faculty of the Senior High School Department
Tandag National Science High School
Tandag City
In Partial Fulfilment
of the Requirements for the Subject
Practical Research 1
John Louie L. Pico

Allyssa Joyce M. Suazo
Kian Danielle L. Quimson
Jovy B. Palotes
Angel Lee L. Arim
Jeffrey Lapening
Marife G. Laro
Gwen Christalyn H. Padilla
Jimmy A. Pahamutang
Adriel F. Aquiatan
Alex T. Esparagoza
MARY MAY B. GUBATON, MAELT (CAR)

Research Adviser
March 2024
Chapter 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING
Introduction
In the Philippines, fish vending is a common source of living because the
country is surrounded by water, making fishing a big industry there. Many people rely
on fishing and selling fish to make a living. It’s a way for them to provide for their
families and community. Plus, with the abundance of fresh seafood available, it’s a
natural choice for many to work in the fish vending living. Although, Fish Vendors
faced common problems and struggles while navigating their daily lives including
absence of constant and secure vending area, they frequently encounter challenges
associated to their space appropriation. And one of the common problem they
commonly facing, is the competition. Where it is the critical driver of a performance
and innovation. It benefits everyone by enabling us to choose from an array of
excellent products at affordable prices. Competition also encourages the adoption of
innovation to make businesses evolve in the market place. (Palmes, 2020)
Everywhere, sidewalk fish vending is no exception, as many vendors have set
up their business and continue to thrive through the years. However, despite their
success, these vendors still face challenges that affect their profitability. Most of
these vendors started small, with little investment and gradually grew their business.
Some borrowed money from the bank to use as an investment to sell fish. Others
began their business on a simple pallet, while some with a lot of investment opted to
rent a tall in the public market. These differences in investment have an

impact on their profitability, but it is not the only factor that affects their success.
(Bermas et. al., 2023)
There are some hardship of these fish vendors where they are forbidden to
sell in Dagocdoc sidewalk crossroads. Wherein accordance of Local Government
Unit (LGU) of Tandag City compelling the following justifications; it can cause a
heavy traffic; and apparently, the selling of fish must be in designated public market
(Luha Public Market). By that prohibition, they are forced to undergo impoundment of
their fishes and items, especially if they are warned in second or third attempts.
In due proper negotiation and through this study, an adherence is possible
with the LGU of Tandag City. Enabling these fish vendors to be assisted and
neutralized to their respective proper placement. Not to backhand with ordinance for
both accountabilities and rights of these fish vendors. It provides a deeper
understanding of how communities adapt to their surroundings, manage resources,
and sustain their livelihoods. Vendors demands for the best sidewalk vending spots
in Dagocdoc sidewalk crossroads increasingly exceeds supply, making necessary a
system to allocate space in where essentially an open access common.

Theoretical Framework
This study accompanied an alignment of such related theories
regarding economic factor theory claiming to have broad perceptions. One of the
theories is the Economic Impact Theory.
The economic impact theory examines how various factors, such as
businesses, industries, and events, affect the overall economy. It originated from
Marxism, consisting of two related ideas, a theory of history, and an economic and
political program. (Britannica)
The correspondence of this theory is through vendor's contributing to the local
economy by creating job opportunities, both for themselves and potentially for others
if they expand their business. They generate income through the sale of fish, which
can support their own livelihoods and potentially benefit local suppliers, such as
fishermen.
Another theoretical alignment is the Permitting Regulations
Theory. Permitting regulations theory is all about how government rules and permits
affect economic activities. It looks at how regulations and permits can shape the way
businesses operate. These permits often ensure to meet health and safety
standards, maintain cleanliness, and follow specific guidelines.
Permitting regulations theory is directly related to sidewalk fish vendors
because they need to follow certain rules and obtain permits to operate legally. By
obtaining permits, sidewalk fish vendors show that they are committed to providing
safe and high-quality products to their customers.
The last theoretical alignment is the Competition and Market Saturation
Theory. It is an economic theory that examines the relationship between competition
and market dynamics. It suggests that as a market becomes saturated with
competitors, the intensity of competition increases, leading to potential changes in
pricing, product differentiation, and market strategies.
Imagine there are several fish vendors operating on the same sidewalk. As
more vendors enter the market, competition increases. This can lead to lower prices
as vendors try to attract customers. This theory helps us understand how
competition among sidewalk fish vendors can influence their pricing strategies and
the ways they try to stand out from the crowd.
Therefore, these provided theories like Economic Impact Theory and also the
two more had offered insights into how the economy works and how it might respond
to changes in policy or other factors. We, the researchers, after reviewing the
theory's theoretical and empirical underpinnings, it is determined that, despite its
promise, the theory still needs additional analytical work and novel types of empirical
research before it can be acknowledged as a sufficient positive theory of regulation.

Conceptual Framework
The struggles of every sidewalk A phenomenological study of
Fis h vendors sidewalk fish vendors

Figure 1
Schematic Diagram of the Study
The schematic diagram illustrates variables standing in the study. The first box
shows that the independent variable is the struggles of every sidewalk fish vendor
while, the dependent variable is a phenomenological study of sidewalk fish vendors.
Statement of the Problem
This study aims to determine the lived experiences and challenges of
sidewalk fish vendors in Dagocdoc, Tandag City, it will seek to answer the following
questions:
1. What are the challenges faced by sidewalk fish vendors?
2. What are their ways in overcoming those challenges?
3. How do these challenges affect their daily living?
Scope and limitation of the Study
This study will focus to the challenges and experiences of Sidewalk fish
vendors while navigating daily problem and struggles. The interview will be
conducted in due proper, prioritizing the negotiation with the authorities. Throughout
the conduct of the interview, we assume a gathered data right exactly from the
participant. This research study will be conducted in Dagocdoc, Tandag City in the
month of March.
Significance of the Study
After we gathered the results of this research study, we have to consider and
recognize the groups or individual that might benefit our study. The following are:
Local Government Unit (LGU). Through this study, since it corresponds
within the Tandag City Local Government Unit. It will serve as guide for them to
improve where the area they should be focusing in terms of ordinances, programs
and regulation rollout. Especially for these sidewalk fish vendors.
Community. Through this study, not only these fish vendors can benefit but
also the local customers for them to furthermore understand what actions they
should do and avoid towards these fish vendors if ever they would buy.
Vendors. Through this study, every vendor can benefit from this study by
gaining valuable insights and information that can help develop their strategies and
decision-making process. It can also cater them to understand to be able to avoid
certain ordinances they might attempt offenses in terms of vending.
Future Researchers. For the next set of researcher students. It can benefit
them with their study in finding reliable source if ever they will think the same or
related topic that we had.
Definition of Terms.
The researchers provide some definitions for better understanding of the
terms used in the study; the following words were defined conceptually:
Pavement. It refers to the agony or problems of every sidewalk fish vendor.


Sidewalk. It refers to the area where fish vendors are selling.
Undercurrents. It refers to the hidden thoughts and feelings of these fish
vendors.
Fish vendors. It refers to the persons who perform services or offering
something for sale in a fish market.

Chapter 2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURES AND STUDIES
This chapter presents a thematic of these literatures and studies in line with this
study. These supporting concepts are gathered and extracted from different sides of
the world, and though much particularly from the Philippines.
The Challenges Faced by Fish Vendors
In many nations, the fish industry is a significant industry that plays a crucial part in
the economy and offering many people a significant means of subsistence. This
composition examines the prospects and difficulties facing the seafood industry while
highlighting the sustainable methods are essential for long-term success. The fishing
industry presents a multitude of prospects for both business owners and local
communities. There is a sizable market for fish goods due to the rising demand for
seafood worldwide. Vendors of fish can take advantage of this demand and use it to
boost the economy and make money. Furthermore, the distribution of fish products
has been made easier by developments in transportation and technology, which
have expanded market reach and increased revenue potential for firms.
Notwithstanding the potential, the fishing industry faces a number of obstacles that
call for cautious maneuvering. Additionally, pricing instability, shifting consumer
preferences, and market competitiveness are common challenges faced by the
fishery industry. Due to these considerations, vendors must innovate and adapt in
order to fulfill changing customer demands and remain competitive. Furthermore,
bad infrastructure can create logistical issues that affect the timely and high-quality
distribution of fish products. Examples of these issues include inadequate storage
facilities and unreliable transportation networks. There are plenty of chances for
livelihoods and economic progress in the seafood industry. But it is critical to
address the issues it faces, especially those related to sustainability and ethical
behavior. Through the implementation of sustainable fishing practices, the provision
of adequate infrastructure, and the fulfillment of market demands, fisheries can
improve their financial success while aiding in the protection of maritime
environments. (Bermas et. al., 2023)
Fish Vendors in Policy Formulation and Implementation
Like in any other industry, fish dealers take part in a variety of the Arrangement. They
also have their own groups where they share their happiness, feelings, and
Issues and additional worries. They were essential to the organization, serving as
either a Participant or coordinator. The major city and regional hub in the Philippines’
Eastern Visayas region is Tacloban. It serves as Leyte’s capital as well. It is well-
known for its historical sites and wide range of goods found around the city. Food is
widely available at the market, including fruits, vegetables, meat, and fish. Selling
fish is a common practice in any type of wet market. Fish vendors would have more
influence as an organization if they took part in the creation and execution of market
policies. It has an effect on revenue, services provided to clients, meeting vendor
and customer needs, and ensuring that fish sold is in good condition. Participation
consists of showing up to meetings, offering advice on topics pertaining to the

market, and following the rules as a means of discipline. It is well known that the
local government acknowledges fish merchants and views them as integral
components of the system. Fish dealers are able to band together to defend their
industry and show its significant economic importance because to their means of
subsistence. However, the organization’s goal is to guarantee participation in public
governance, not to create an army or provide armed security. (Abia et. Al., 2019)
Policy Instruments of Street Vendor Relocation
One viable and in-demand informal sector job among the urban immigrant
community is being a street vendor. Nonetheless, the majority of them are adamant
that starting out as a street seller necessitates having a large amount of money and
mental toughness. They have to deal with a variety of governmental demands,
including bureaucracy, bullies, or regular cleaning from linked parties, in addition to
being ready to wager that they won’t sell for months. In large cities, the daily
phenomena of managing street sellers persists; in most cases, we come across
news reports or see images of such incidents. Street vendors frequently assume this
significant danger as part of their informal industry work. The phrase “control”
invariably includes an exhortation to keep street sellers away from their regular
selling locations. The public order of the populace and the discomfort of traffic-
related road activities are the primary causes. This is typical. Because a lot of street
sellers annoy these areas by setting up shop on the sidewalk or the side of the road.
This also holds true for Bulak District’s street vendor issue. The Bulak region is
coastal. The kinds of street sellers lining the route close to the Marine fish traders
process fish and operate Kenjeran Amusement Park and Batu-Batu Beach in Bulak
District. Their main products include fish that has been smoked, fresh, or dried; they
also have dozens of dongkupang, fish feed, fish crafts, processed crackers, and
coffee shop stalls. There are currently about 85 street vendors in existence. In the
morning, traders frequently smoke fish and
In the afternoon, exchange food. Only in the morning, while the fish is still fresh, do
fresh fish vendors sell. (Nurany, 2021)
The Plight of Women Fish vendor
Women make up a sizable portion of the fish vendor population; they support
the local economy by purchasing fish from fishermen and reselling it in markets.
Women fish merchants in Tamil Nadu confront many obstacles despite playing a
crucial role in the fishing business, such as discrimination, low pay, no social
protection, and unfavorable working circumstances. Their families' well-being and
means of subsistence are severely impacted by these difficulties. The predicament of
female fish dealers has not received much attention, despite the government’s
implementation of numerous programs and laws aimed at fostering the fishing
sector. They have been marginalized and excluded from the group as a result of the
disregard for their needs and concerns. Advantages of progress. Research that
clarifies the circumstances surrounding women fish vendors and suggests potential
solutions to deal with their difficulties is thus necessary. (Rajeswari, 2023)
Hygiene Practices for Handling Fish
With 6.1% of Zanzibar’s GDP coming from tourism and agriculture, fishing is one of
the primary sources of revenue. GDP. In addition, 86,000 full-time fishermen are
engaged by the fish industry, while the sector indirectly employs nearly 12% of
Zanzibar’s workforce. Worldwide, a great deal of research has been done to
examine how knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors affect food safety and how the
three dependent variables connect to food contamination and the threats to the
public’s health that come with it. But not much research has been done in Zanzibar
in this area, particularly with regard to fish-based diets. High levels of bacterial
contamination in marine fish feeds, particularly in recreational areas, are present
even if fish stakeholder actors have a good understanding of hygiene and diseases
related to fish. Therefore, it seems unlikely that having a high level of awareness
about food handling hygiene has a favorable effect on habits. Considering that 95%
of Zanzibar’s population frequently eats marine fish, it is not necessary to overstate
the need for in-depth research in this field. The purpose of this research project was
to examine some of the elements that contribute to the pollution of marine fish in
Zanzibar. The findings will aid in the implementation of appropriate mitigation
strategies. (Abubakar et. Al., 2020)

Chapter 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter carries the discussion of the research methods that were enwrapped in
the study. It composed of research design, research locale, subject of the study and
collections of sample.
Research Design
We used a qualitative design using a phenomenological approach. This
approach is all about understanding how people experience things without making
assumptions or interpretations. It’s about describing those experiences as accurately
as possible from the individual’s perspective, without adding any extra meaning or
theories. It engage methods of data collection by conducting interviews, taking notes,
recording actions through observations. The gathered information was primarily used
focusing on The daily lives of a sidewalk fish vendors. In this research design, We
asked the sidewalk fish vendors about their daily lives experiences in vending.
Research Locale
This study will be conducted on the month of march 2024 in Purok Pag-asa,
Dagocdoc, Tandag City, Surigao Del Sur, since our research study is all about
Dagocdoc, Tandag City’s sidewalk fish vendors and our participants lives in the said
location. The red landmark are the exact place where sidewalk fish vendors are
located. However, the conduct of interview may be varied depending on participant’s
preferred venue.
Figure 2
Map of Baranggay Dagocdoc
Research Participants
The participants of the study are the fish vendors of Dagocdoc, Tandag City.
Among them, we will choose 5 participants as we will base our participants in 3
specific criteria to relate the details of this study and support its effectiveness. (1)
The participants must be a fish vendor that are currently and regularly vending in
Dagocdog, Tandag City. (2) The fish vendors must be 30 years old of age and above.
(3) The fish vendors must be raising a child/children that is currently learning in
school. This type of sampling is known as purposively intended sampling where the
participants must meet the said criteria.
Research Instrument Used
In order for us to collect answers to the statement of the problem, we will be
using a semi-structured interview guide. The interview guide is consisting of common
questions about the daily lived Experiences and challenges faced by sidewalk fish
vendors. Questions will be validated by the experts. It will be asked during the
conduct of one-on-one interview with the participants.
Validation of the Instrument
Interview guide validation is significant for our instrument as it will totally made
by us. The expert validators in qualitative researches particularly in

phenomenological approach will validate it as to their content and face validity. The
panelists will also served as validators. There are recommendations, suggestions,
and corrections that we will use in our revision part. This validation will undergo an
expertise from first and final corrections.
Sampling Procedure
In this study, we will use sampling procedure technique. Through this
technique in a form of non-probability; judgemental or purposive sampling since the
participant selection is based on the criteria that the researchers has provided. It is
intentionally selection technique of participants by predetermined researchers.
Data Gathering Procedure
In order to document the needed data for the research, we utilized the
following procedures:
Permission.
In order for us to conduct interview for this study, we will request a permission
through formal consent, typically from the Principal of Tandag National Science High
School, the Barangay captain of Dagocdoc, Tandag City. After acquiring consents,
We will directly request a consent, informing the participants about the purpose of
our research, and how their information will be use. If the participants meets our
criteria, we will ask for their consent or permission for an interview about their
challenges and experiences being a sidewalk fish vendors.
Informed Written Consent. We the researchers, will inquire a formal
agreement to the participants to participate in the study. The participants are going to
sign a consent form articulating an agreement in participating the study. Informative
written consent will be given.
In-depth Interview. The interview with the participants will be a one-on-one
interview. We will choose location that is an accordance on the convenience of the
participant. Good conversational approach will be used during interview to get
thorough information around the topic. We will address terms of confidentiality and
purpose of the study. The participants are allowed to ask questions.
Recording and Transcription. We the researchers, will be filming as well as
recording the participant’s responses using a mobile phone recording application.
During the transcription, participant’s ideas will be emphasized.
Fieldwork. We will visit the participant’s residence. Afterwards, we will
conduct and interview.
Data Analysis
We will apply colaizzi’s method in analyzing the data that will be gathered in
the study. It is often used in the interpretation of qualitative researches, particularly,
in phenomenological approach. This method are intentionally will be used since it is
an aid to identify significant information and arrange them into themes and
categories. The seven steps of this method are strictly going to be followed: We will

write
down all the subject descriptions, get the important statements, formulate meanings
from their statements, construct theme from it, develop comprehensive description,
identify the fundamental structure of the findings, and return to the participants for
validation, respectively.
Ethical Considerations
This study will be impartially designed to guarantee an accountable approach
from the stages of data gathering through analysis. The study takes a methodical
approach while keeping the participants’ safety in mind. By all means, a letter of
approval and an interview guide questionnaire will be provided both before and after
data collection. When recording video, audio, and taking pictures, the participants’
comfort will be taken into account. Additionally, participants are free to leave the
study whenever they want if they so choose.
Ensuring that the data provided cannot be used to identify anyone other than
the researchers. During the interview, it is necessary to get rid of any insulting,
discriminatory, or otherwise inappropriate language. The confidentiality and
anonymity of the participant will be protected. False information of any kind must be
avoided.

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Republic of the Philippines

HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES STRAND

UNDERCURRENTS AND PAVEMENT: AN EXPLORATION OF DAGOCDOC

A Qualitative Research Paper

John Louie L. Pico

MARY MAY B. GUBATON, MAELT (CAR)

HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES STRAND

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING

In the Philippines, fish vending is a common source of living because the

commonly facing, is the competition. Where it is the critical driver of a performance

and innovation. It benefits everyone by enabling us to choose from an array of

excellent products at affordable prices. Competition also encourages the adoption of

innovation to make businesses evolve in the market place. (Palmes, 2020)

Everywhere, sidewalk fish vending is no exception, as many vendors have set

rent a tall in the public market. These differences in investment have an

HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES STRAND

(Bermas et. al., 2023)

sell in Dagocdoc sidewalk crossroads. Wherein accordance of Local Government

In due proper negotiation and through this study, an adherence is possible

both accountabilities and rights of these fish vendors. It provides a deeper

understanding of how communities adapt to their surroundings, manage resources,

in Dagocdoc sidewalk crossroads increasingly exceeds supply, making necessary a

system to allocate space in where essentially an open access common.

HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES STRAND

This study accompanied an alignment of such related theories

theories is the Economic Impact Theory.

The economic impact theory examines how various factors, such as

political program. (Britannica)

The correspondence of this theory is through vendor's contributing to the local

Another theoretical alignment is the Permitting Regulations

standards, maintain cleanliness, and follow specific guidelines.

Permitting regulations theory is directly related to sidewalk fish vendors

HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES STRAND

safe and high-quality products to their customers.

The last theoretical alignment is the Competition and Market Saturation

Theory. It is an economic theory that examines the relationship between competition

and market dynamics. It suggests that as a market becomes saturated with

competitors, the intensity of competition increases, leading to potential changes in

pricing, product differentiation, and market strategies.

as vendors try to attract customers. This theory helps us understand how

the ways they try to stand out from the crowd.

theory's theoretical and empirical underpinnings, it is determined that, despite its

research before it can be acknowledged as a sufficient positive theory of regulation.

HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES STRAND

The struggles of every sidewalk A phenomenological study of

Fis h vendors sidewalk fish vendors

HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES STRAND

while, the dependent variable is a phenomenological study of sidewalk fish vendors.

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to determine the lived experiences and challenges of

1. What are the challenges faced by sidewalk fish vendors?

2. What are their ways in overcoming those challenges?

3. How do these challenges affect their daily living?

Scope and limitation of the Study

HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES STRAND

Significance of the Study

Local Government Unit (LGU). Through this study, since it corresponds

and regulation rollout. Especially for these sidewalk fish vendors.

decision-making process. It can also cater them to understand to be able to avoid

certain ordinances they might attempt offenses in terms of vending.

related topic that we had.

The researchers provide some definitions for better understanding of the