Lecture 7

DESIGN OF IRRIGATION
WORK
LECTURE (7)
Crossing Structures – Culvert
Design of Culvert
DR. Engy Khalil
ACADEMIC YEAR SPRING 2022– 2023

Course Code: CVE 344 1
LECTURE (7): Design of Culvert
STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF R.C. BOX CULVERT

3.Straining Actions
One Vent
Vertical loads
2

3.Straining Actions
One Vent
Lateral loads
3

3.Straining Actions
One Vent
Internal Water Pressure
4

3.Straining Actions
Two Vents
Vertical loads
5

3.Straining Actions
Two Vents
Lateral loads
6

3.Straining Actions
Two Vents
7

3.Straining Actions
Two Vents
8

3.Straining Actions (M,N)
1.0 ∗ 𝑡1 3
𝐼1 =
12
1.0 ∗ 𝑡2 3
𝐼2 =
12
Stiffness coefficient (K)
𝐼2 𝐻
𝐾= ∗
𝐼1 𝑆
t2 t2
t1 h H t h h H
s 1
s t s t
1 1
S 9
S S
10
11

Absolute Maximum Moment Diagram
One Vent Two Vents

12

4.Design
For several cases of loading, Maximum Moment
(Mmax. in ton.m) is estimated, and the
corresponding Normal Force (Ncorr. in ton).
A. Design as section subjected to moment
only.
𝑀𝑚𝑎𝑥 ∗ 105
𝑑 = 𝑘1 = 𝑐𝑚
𝐵
B is section width assumed 100 cm 13

4.Design
only.
k1 is coefficient depends on allowable stress of
concrete (fcu) and steel (fs), taken = 0.313.
𝑡 =𝑑+𝑐 = 𝑐𝑚 < 𝑡1 , 𝑡2
𝑐 𝑖𝑠 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟 𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑑 5 𝑐𝑚
𝑀𝑚𝑎𝑥 ∗ 105
𝐴𝑠 = = 𝑐𝑚2 ≮ 𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝑘2 ∗ 𝑑 14

4.Design
only.
𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.25% 𝐴𝑐
𝐴′𝑠 = 0.30 𝐴𝑠 ≥ 𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑖𝑛
k2 is coefficient depends on allowable working
stress of concrete (fcu) and steel (fs), taken =
1217.
15

4.Design
B. Design as section subjected to Normal
only.
𝑁 = 𝐴𝑐 𝑓𝑐𝑜 + 0.44𝑓𝑦 𝜇
Ac is cross section area = 100*t
fco is allowable axial stress= 60 kg/cm2
fy is yield stress of steel= 2400 kg/cm2
μ is coefficient depending on As/Ac ratio, taken
0.01
16

4.Design
B. Design as section subjected to Normal
only.
𝐴𝑠 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 𝜇 𝐴𝑐
𝐴𝑠 ൗ 𝐴𝑠 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙ൗ
𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒 = 2
𝐴′𝑠 = 0.30 𝐴𝑠 ≥ 𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑖𝑛
17

4.Design
C. Design as section subjected to Moment and
Normal.
𝑀𝑚𝑎𝑥
𝑒= = 𝑚 > 𝑡Τ2 ---- large eccentricity
𝑁𝑐𝑜𝑟
𝑡
𝑒𝑠 = 𝑒 + ( − 𝑐)
2
𝑀𝑠 = 𝑒𝑠 𝑁𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟.
18

4.Design
C. Design as section subjected to Moment and
Normal.
𝑀𝑠 ∗ 105 𝑁 ∗ 103 ∗ 𝑘12
𝑑 = 𝑘1 + 0.225 = 𝑐𝑚
𝐵 𝐵
𝑀𝑠 ∗ 105 𝑁
𝐴𝑠 = − = 𝑐𝑚2 ≮ 𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝑘2 ∗ 𝑑 𝑓𝑠
fs is allowable working stress of steel= 1400
kg/cm2 19

4.Design
Main Reinforcement Position can be shown in as
follows,
One Vent Two Vents 20


4.Design
Reinforcement details can be shown in the
presented figures
One Vent Two Vents 21

STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF PIPE CULVERT

Structural design of any structure consists of
several steps,
1. Dimensions, and thicknesses.
2. Calculating loads.
3. Maximum straining actions.
4. Design
22

1. Dimensions and thicknesses
𝑅. 𝐶. 𝑃𝑖𝑝𝑒 𝑆𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑙 𝑃𝑖𝑝𝑒

Assume,
𝑡 = 2 𝑐𝑚 −−−−− −𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑆𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑙 𝑃𝑖𝑝𝑒
𝑡 = 20 𝑐𝑚 −−−−− −𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑅. 𝐶. 𝑃𝑖𝑝𝑒 23

I. Dead Load
a) Own Weight:
𝐷𝑜 = 𝐷𝑖 + 2𝑡
𝐷 = 𝐷𝑖 + 𝑡
𝜋ൗ 𝐷2 − 𝐷2 ∗ 𝛄 ∗ 1.0
𝑔1 = 4 𝑜 𝑖
2 ∗ 𝐷𝑜
𝛄𝑅.𝐶 = 2.50 𝑡/𝑚3
𝛄𝑆𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑙 = 7.85 𝑡/𝑚3 24

I. Dead Load
b) Earth Weight:
𝐿1 + 𝐿2 ൗ
2 ∗ 𝑑 ∗ 𝛾𝐸𝑎𝑟𝑡ℎ ∗ 1.0
𝑔2 =
𝐿2
L1
Earth Weight
2 2 d
1 1
L2
Yu.s Yd.s
h or D
25

I. Dead Load
c) Lateral Earth Pressure:
𝑒1 = 𝛾𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑡ℎ ∗ ℎ𝑎𝑣 ∗ 𝐾𝑎
𝐷𝑖ൗ
d ℎ𝑎𝑣 =𝑑+𝑡+ 2
hav
1 − sin ∅
e1 e1
𝐾𝑎 =
1 + sin ∅
26

II.Live Load
a) Vertical Live Load: for a given equivalent
uniform distributed load at road level.
𝑃1 𝐿1 = 𝑃2 𝐿2
L1
P1
P2
L2
27

II.Live Load
b) Lateral Live Load: for a given equivalent
uniform distributed load at road level.
P1
𝑒2 = 𝑃1 𝐾𝑎
e2 e2
28

II.Live Load
c) Internal Water Pressure
P1
𝑃𝑤 = 𝛄𝑤 ℎ𝑤
IWP
29

II.Live Load
c) Internal Water Pressure
ℎ𝑤 = USWL- CL
CL = Culvert Bed Level + 𝐷𝑖 /2
30
Loading Diagram
31

3.Straining Actions
𝒘 = 𝒈𝟏 + 𝒈𝟐 + 𝑷𝟐 Sec. I
𝒆 = 𝒆𝟏 + 𝒆𝟐
𝒘 − 𝒆 𝑫𝟐 Sec. II
𝑴=
𝟏𝟔
𝒆∗𝑫
SEC. (I-I) 𝐍=
𝟐
𝒘∗𝑫
SEC. (II-II) 𝐍 =
𝟐
32

4.Design
A. Design of Steel Pipe
Check stresses using this equation,

𝑁 𝑀
𝑓1 = − ± 𝑦 = ≤ 1200 𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2
2 𝐴 𝐼
𝐴 = 100 ∗ 𝑡
100 ∗ 𝑡 3
𝐼=
12
𝑡
𝑦=
2 33

4.Design
B. Design of R.C Pipe
Using M, and N, the thickness assumed can be
checked, and area of reinforcement can be
calculated as stated in the design procedures of
R.C Box Culvert.
34

4.Design
Reinforcement details can be shown in the
presented figures
35
36

Lecture 7

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DESIGN OF IRRIGATION

ACADEMIC YEAR SPRING 2022– 2023

STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF R.C. BOX CULVERT

STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF R.C. BOX CULVERT

STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF R.C. BOX CULVERT

STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF R.C. BOX CULVERT

STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF R.C. BOX CULVERT

STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF R.C. BOX CULVERT

STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF R.C. BOX CULVERT

STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF R.C. BOX CULVERT

STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF R.C. BOX CULVERT

One Vent Two Vents

STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF R.C. BOX CULVERT

STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF R.C. BOX CULVERT

STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF R.C. BOX CULVERT

STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF R.C. BOX CULVERT

STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF R.C. BOX CULVERT

STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF R.C. BOX CULVERT

STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF R.C. BOX CULVERT

STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF R.C. BOX CULVERT

One Vent Two Vents 20

STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF R.C. BOX CULVERT

One Vent Two Vents 21

STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF PIPE CULVERT

STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF PIPE CULVERT

𝑅. 𝐶. 𝑃𝑖𝑝𝑒 𝑆𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑙 𝑃𝑖𝑝𝑒

STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF PIPE CULVERT

STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF PIPE CULVERT

STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF PIPE CULVERT

STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF PIPE CULVERT

STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF PIPE CULVERT

STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF PIPE CULVERT

STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF PIPE CULVERT

STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF PIPE CULVERT

STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF PIPE CULVERT

STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF PIPE CULVERT

Check stresses using this equation,

STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF PIPE CULVERT

STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF R.C. BOX CULVERT

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