PAGADIAN ORIENTAL MISSION INSTITUTE, INC.

Name:
Grade Level and Section:
Subject: Science

CONTENT
MODULE 1: Into the Moving Earth

MODULE 1: INTO THE MOVING EARTH

QUARTER 1

OBJECTIVES

At the end of this module, you will be able to:

 Describe the internal structure of the Earth
 Describe and relate the distribution of active volcanoes, earthquake epicenters, and major
mountain belts to Plate Tectonic Theory
 Describe the different types of plate boundaries

HOOK

OPENING
Great day, dear learners! I am Ma’am Lalaine GhulamPRAYER
and I will be your teacher in Science. In this module, we
will discuss about the possible causes
In the nameofofPlate
theMovement.
Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit.
Amen.
You know from everyday experience that Earth’s surface is solid. You step on it each day. Occasionally, you see
someone dig into it and reach Glory to the
the rocky partFather, andsurface.
of Earth’s to the Son, and to the Holy Spirit
Asexplains
The plate tectonics theory it was inhow
theconvection
beginningcauses
is nowrocks
and to
willmove
be forever.
on Earth’s interior. The theory helps us
Amen.formation on Earth’s surface are related to the changes
understand how earthquakes, volcanic activities, and mountain
happening underneath Earth.
In this chapter, you will learn about the importance of Plate Tectonics in understanding earth’s interior.

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 ENGAGE

The figure shows the major layers of Earth. The topmost layer of Earth is the crust. It is the part which we step on. It is made up of har
The next layer is the mantle. It is about 2,885 km thick. The mantle can be subdivided into the upper mantle and the lower mantle. Ge
The inner part of Earth is the core, which consists mostly of iron and nickel. It is subdivided into the liquid outer core and the solid inne

TASK 1A: MOVEMENT OF TECTONIC PLATES

Objective: Simulate the movement of tectonic plates

Materials:
Shallow rectangular metal pan
4 big cans of sardines/any cans with the same sizes
3 small wooden blocks (labeled 1, 2, 3)
Marking pen
Alcohol lamp
Used cooking oil
Procedure:
1. Place the pan on top of the cans in a balancing position.
2. Half fill the pan with used cooking oil.
3. Ensure that the blocks float in oil such that they are approximately 1 cm apart.
4. Place an alcohol lamp under the space between block 1 and block 2.
5. Observe the movement of blocks when the oil is heated.

Questions:
1. What happened to the blocks as the oil under the space between block 1 and block 2 was heated?

2. What happened to the distance between block 2 and block 3?

3. What is represented by block 1? Block 2? Block 3?

4. How can you compare your observations to the movement of Earth’s plates?
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 PLATE TECTONICS AND PLATE BOUNDARIES

By studying world maps, Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) found that the continents fit together, like jigsaw puzzle.
When he put the maps of the continents side by side, he saw that they formed a single supercontinent, which he called
Pangea.
Wegener’s continental drift theory was ignored for many years, but in 1960, evidence for continental movement
was revealed, leading to a new version of Wegener’s theory, the theory of plate tectonics.

The theory of plate tectonics explains the formation, movement, and changes of the outer, rigid layers of Earth. It has
been a well-tested concept, supported by much experimental evidence.

How do the types of plate boundaries differ?

Tectonic plates meet in a plate boundary. The leading edges of tectonic plates may be moving away, moving
toward each other, or sliding past one another.

Divergent Boundaries- a divergent boundary is the place

between two plates that move apart. As these plates move, the gap
between them is filled up by magma rising from the asthenosphere. The
magma cools to form new lithospheric rock. As the plates continually
diverge, the lithosphere is pulled away from the point of divergence.

Convergent Boundaries- a convergent boundary lies between two

tectonic plates moving toward each other. The leading edges of
converging plates may be both oceanic plates, an oceanic plate and a
continental plate, or both continental plates.

Transform Boundaries- the third type of plate boundary is the transform

boundary. It refers to the area where the plates slide horizontally past each
other. Transform faults are located in an oceanic crust or in a continental crust.
They lie parallel to the direction of plate movement. Examples of transform
faults are the Philippine Fault System and West Valley Fault.
ACTIVITY
 1. How do tectonic plates move?

2. How do volcanic arcs and islands arc differ? How are they formed?

3. What happens when two crusts collide? slide along each other?

REFLECTION
Why do volcanoes, mountains, and earthquakes form at plate boundaries?

TRANSFER

Now that you are able to understand more deeply the lesson, what are the differences of the types of plate
boundaries?
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