SMTS Chapter 2

Primary 6 Mathematics
Fractions
My Pals Are Here, Book A, Chapter 2: Fractions

Shaping Maths, Book A, Unit 2: Fractions
© 2018 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

Chapter Learning Outcomes
• Divide a fraction by a whole number
• Divide by a proper fraction
• Solve word problems

Divide a Fraction by a Whole Number
5
Share of a fruit tart equally among 5 children.
6
What fraction of the fruit tart does each child get ?

5
6
5
Since of the fruit tart
6
5 1 5
¸ 5 = of is divided equally among
6 5 6 5 children, each child gets
1 5
of of the fruit tart.
5 6

5
6
5 1 5
¸ 5 = of
6 5 6
1
1 5
=1 ´
5 6
1 1
= Each child gets of the fruit tart.
6 6

Let’s Try!
7
Share of a cake equally among 7 friends. What fraction
8
of the cake does each friend get ?

Let’s Try!
7
Share of a cake equally among 7 friends. What fraction
8
of the cake does each friend get ?
7 1 7
¸ 7= 7
of 8
8
1 71
= 1
7
´ 8
1
=
8
1
Each friend gets of the cake.
8
1
2 friends shared of a waffle equally. What fraction
4
of the waffle did each friend receive?
Method 1
Friend 1
Friend 2

1
4
Method 1
1 1 1 1 1 1
¸2= ´ ¸ 2 = of
4 2 4 4 2 4
1
=
8
1
Each friend received of the waffle.
8

1
4
Method 2
1 1 1 1
1 1 1 ´ = ´
¸2= ´ 2 4 4 2
4 4 2
1
=
8
1
Each friend received of the waffle.
8

Let’s Try!
1
of a pie was shared among 3 pupils. What fraction
5
of the pie did each pupil receive?
Method 1

Let’s Try!
1
5
Method 1
1 1 1
¸3= ´
5 3 5
1
=
15
1
Each pupil received of the pie.
15
Let’s Try!
1
5
Method 2
1 1 1
¸3= ´ 3
5 5
1
=
15
1
Each pupil received of the pie.
15
6
of a cake was shared equally among 3 children.
7
What fraction of the cake did each child receive?
Method 1
2 6 1 62
7 ¸ 3 =1 ´
7 3 7
2
=
7
2
2
7
Each child received
7
2
of the cake.
7
6
of a cake was shared equally among 3 children.
7
What fraction of the cake did each child receive?
Method 2
2
6 6 1
¸3= ´ 1
7 7 3
2
=
7
2
Each child received of the cake.
7
Let’s Try!
3
of a pizza was shared equally among 6 friends.
5
What fraction of the pizza did each friend get ?
Method 1
3 1 31
¸6= 2 ´
5 6 5
1
=
10
1
Each friend got
10
of the pizza.
Let’s Try!
3
of a pizza was shared equally among 6 friends.
5
What fraction of the pizza did each friend get ?
Method 2
1
3 3 1
¸ 6= ´
5 5 62
1
=
10
1
Each friend got of the pizza.
10
Divide by a Proper Fraction
Sarah cut a tart into sixths. How many sixths were there?
1
Dividing by is the same
6
as multiplying by 6.
1 whole 6 sixths
There were 6 sixths in 1 whole.

1
So, 1 ¸ = 6.
6

Let’s Try!
Kim cut a slice of bread into quarters. How many quarters
were there?
1
1¸ = 4
4
There were 4 quarters.

Andrew cut a pie into a number of equal pieces. Each piece
1
was of the pie. How many equal pieces did Andrew cut
8
the pie into?
1
1¸ means this : 'How many
8
eights are there in 1 whole?'

Andrew cut a pie into a number of equal pieces. Each piece
1
was of the pie. How many equal pieces did Andrew cut
8
the pie into?
1
1¸ = 8
8
Andrew cut the pie into 8 equal pieces.
Let’s Try!
Siti cut a cake into a number of equal pieces. Each piece
1
was of the cake. How many equal pieces did Siti cut
5
the cake into?
1 Siti cut the cake into 5

1¸ = 5
5 equal pieces.
Hui Jing cut 4 identical pizzas into a number of equal
1
pieces. Each piece was of a pizza. How many equal
3
pieces did she cut the 4 pizzas into?
1
Dividing by is the
3
same as multiplying
by 3.

Hui Jing cut 4 identical pizzas into a number of equal
1
pieces. Each piece was of a pizza. How many equal
3
pieces did she cut the 4 pizzas into?
1
So, 4 ¸ = 4 ´ 3
3
= 12
Hui Jing cut the 4 pizzas

into 12 equal pieces.

Let’s Try!
Raj cut 3 identical pies into a number of equal pieces.
1
Each piece was of a pie. How many equal pieces
5
did he cut the 3 pies into?
1
3¸ =3´ 5
5
= 15
Raj cut the 3 pies into 15

equal pieces.
3
What is 3 ¸ ?
7
3 3 3 3 3 3 3
7 7 7 7 7 7 7
1 3
of
3 7
7
Number of three-sevenths in 1 whole =
3
7
Number of three-sevenths in 3 wholes = 3 ´
3
3
What is 3 ¸ ?
7
3 1 7 3
So, 3 ¸ = 3 ´ 1 Dividing by
7
is the same as
7 3
7
multiplying by .
1´ 7 3
=
1
7
=
1
=7

Let’s Try!
3
What is 3 ¸ ?
4
3 3 3 3
4 4 4 4
Number of three-fourths
4
in 1 whole =
3
1 3
of Number of three-fourths
3 4
4
in 3 wholes = 3 ´
3

Let’s Try!
3
What is 3 ¸ ?
4
3 1 4 3
3¸ =3´ Dividing by is the same as
4 3
1 4
4
multiplying by .
1 4 3
=
1
4
=
1
= 4

3
Munirah had of a cake. She cut it into a number of
5
1
equal pieces. Each piece was of the cake. How many
10
equal pieces did Munirah cut the cake into?
How many tenths are

there in three-fifths?

3
Munirah had of a cake. She cut it into a number of
5
1
equal pieces. Each piece was of the cake. How many
10
equal pieces did Munirah cut the cake into?
2
1 3 1 3 10
10
1 ¸ =1 ´
10
1
5 10 5 1
10 =6
1
1
10 Munirah cut the cake
1
10
10 into 6 equal pieces.

Let’s Try!
1
Jagan's neighbour gave him of a pie. Jagan cut the pie
4
1
into a number of equal pieces such that each piece was
8
of the original pie. How many equal pieces did Jagan cut
the pie into?

Let’s Try!
1
Jagan's neighbour gave him of a pie. Jagan cut the pie
4
1
into a number of equal pieces such that each piece was
8
of the original pie. How many equal pieces did Jagan cut
the pie into?
1 1
¸ = 2
4 8
Jagan cut the pie into 2 equal pieces.

3
How many halves are there in ?
4
3
4
3 1 3 21
¸ =2 ´
4 2 4 1
1
1 1 =1
2
2 4
1 1
( of )
2 2

Let’s Try!
5
How many quarters are there in ?
12
5
12
1 1
4 6 5 1 5 41
2 1
( of ) ¸ = ´
12 4 3
12 1
3 4
2
= 1
3
5
Ming Li had of a pizza. She cut it into a number of
6
5
equal pieces. Each piece was of the pizza. How many
12
equal pieces did she cut the pizza into?
How many halves are

there in three-quarters?

5
Ming Li had of a pizza. She cut it into a number of
6
5
equal pieces. Each piece was of the pizza. How many
12
equal pieces did she cut the pizza into?
1 2
5 5 5 12
¸ =1 ´ 1
6 12 6 5
=2
She cut the pizza into 2 equal pieces.

Let’s Try!
6
Lakshmi had of a pie. She put an equal amount of pie
7
3
on some plates. There was of the pie on each plate.
7
How many plates did she use?

Let’s Try!
6
Lakshmi had of a pie. She put an equal amount of pie
7
3
on some plates. There was of the pie on each plate.
7
How many plates did she use?
6 3 2 6 71
¸ = ´
7 7 1
7 31
= 2
She used 2 plates.

5
How many two-thirds are there in ?
6
5
6
1
5 2 5 3
¸ =2 ´
6 3 6 2
1
=1
2 1 4
3 6
1 2
( of )
4 3

Let’s Try!
11 3
Find ¸ .
12 4
11
11 3 11 41
12 ¸ = 3 ´
12 4 12 3
2
= 1
9
3 1
4 6
2 3
( of )
9 4

Solve Word Problems
1
A machine packs kg of beans every minute. How many
5
minutes will it take for the machine to pack 3 kg of beans?
1
3 ¸ = 3´ 5
5
= 15
It will take 15 minutes for the machine to pack 3 kg

of beans.

Let’s Try!
1
Lychees are packed into kg per bag. The total mass
4
of the lychees is 5 kg. How many bags of lychees
are there?
1
5 ¸ = 5´ 4
4
= 20
There are 20 bags of lychees.

Solve Word Problems
1 2
The area of a rectangular flower bed is m . Its breadth
2
2
is m. What is the length of the flower bed?
5
2
m Area of rectangle = Length ´ Breadth
5
1 2
Area = m ?
2

Solve Word Problems
1 2
The area of a rectangular flower bed is m . Its breadth
2
2
is m. What is the length of the flower bed?
5
1 2 1 5
¸ = ´
2 5 2 2
5
=
4
1
=1
4
1
The length of the flower bed is 1 m.
4
Let’s Try!
3
A ribbon is m long. Joy cuts it into equal pieces that
4
1
are m long. How many equal pieces did she cut the
12
ribbon into?
3 m
4
1
m
12
Let’s Try!
3
A ribbon is m long. Joy cuts it into equal pieces that
4
1
are m long. How many equal pieces did she cut the
12
ribbon into?
3 1 3 3
¸ = 1
´ 12
4 12 4
= 9
She cut the ribbon into 9 equal pieces.

Solve Word Problems
4
Damian had kg of flour. He packed the flour equally
5
into 3 packets.
(a) Find the mass of flour in kg in each packet.
(b) He bought another 8 kg of flour and packed the same
mass of flour as before into some additional packets.
How many more packets could he fill?

Solve Word Problems
4
5
into 3 packets.
(a) Find the mass of flour in kg in each packet.
4
kg
5 4 4 1
¸ 3 = ´
5 5 3
4
=
15
4
There were kg of
15
? flour in each packet.
Solve Word Problems
4
5
into 3 packets.
(b) He bought another 8 kg of flour and packed the same
mass of flour as before into some additional packets.
How many more packets could he fill?
4 2 15
8¸ = 8 ´ 1
15 4
= 30
He could fill 30 more packets.

Let’s Try!
7
Panling had of milk. She poured the milk equally
10
into 4 glasses.
(a) Find the amount of milk in litres in each glass.
(b) She bought another 7 of milk and poured the same
amount of milk as before into some additional glasses.
How many more glasses could she fill?

Let’s Try!
7
10
into 4 glasses.
7
10
?
Let’s Try!
7
10
into 4 glasses.
7 7 1
¸ 4 = ´
10 10 4
7
=
40
7
Each glass contained of milk.
40
Let’s Try!
7
10
into 4 glasses.
(b) She bought another 7 of milk and poured the same
amount of milk as before into some additional glasses.
How many more glasses could she fill?
7 40
7 ¸ = 1
7 ´
40 71
= 40
40
She could fill
more glasses.
Solve Word Problems
3
A farmer used of a rectangular plot of land to plant
7
2
tomatoes and another of it to plant eggplants. He then
7
divided the rest of the plot of land into several small parts
1
for growing other vegetables. Each small part was of
14
the plot of land.
(a) How many small parts were there?
(b) The area of the plot of land was 154 m2 . What was the
area of each small part?

Solve Word Problems
Method 1
(a) tomatoes eggplants
There were 4 small parts.

Solve Word Problems
Method 1
(b) 14 units = 154 m2
1 unit = 154 ¸ 14
= 11
Each small part was 11 m2 .

Solve Word Problems
Method 2
(a) 1 - 3 - 2 = 2 (b) 1 ´ 154 = 11

7 7 7 14
2 1 2
¸ = 1 ´ 14 2 Each small part
7 14 7
was 11 m2 .
=4
There were 4 small parts.

Let’s Try!
3
Marie has some red and blue ribbons. of them are blue.
5
She divides the blue ribbons equally between two friends.
(a) What fraction of the total number of ribbons does each
friend receive?
(b) Marie has 40 ribbons altogether. How many ribbons
does each friend receive?

Let’s Try!
Method 1
(a) red blue
friend 1 friend 2
3
Each friend receives of the total number of ribbons.
10
Let’s Try!
Method 1
(b)
10 units = 40
1 unit = 40 ¸ 10
= 4

Let’s Try!
3 units = 4 ´ 3
= 12
Each friend receives 12 ribbons.

Let’s Try!
Method 2
(a) 2 3
1- =
5 5
3
of Marie's ribbons are blue.
5
3 3 1
¸ 2 = ´
5 5 2
3
=
10
3
Each friend receives of the total number of ribbons.
10
Let’s Try!
Method 2
(b) 3
10
´ 40 = 12
Each friend receives 12 ribbons.

Solve Word Problems
Kumar, Jialing and Ali each walked from their houses to
1
the sports hub. Kumar walked km more than Jialing.
4
1
Ali walked km more than Kumar. The three of them
5
1
walked 1 km altogether.
5
(a) What was the distance Jialing walked?
(b) What was the distance Ali walked? Express your answer
as a fraction in its simplest form.

Solve Word Problems
(a) 1 1 1 1 5 5 4
4
km + + = + +
4 4 5 20 20 20
K 1
km 1 14
J 5 1 km =
5 20
A 7
=
10

Solve Word Problems
1 7 2 7 1 1 1
1 - =1 - ¸ 3 = ´
5 10 10 10 2 2 3
12 7 1
= - =
10 10 6
5
= 1
10 Jialing walked km.
6
1
=
2

Solve Word Problems
(b) 1
km
4
K 1
km 1
J 5 1 km
5
A
1 1 1 10 15 12
+ + = + +
6 4 5 60 60 60
37 37
= Ali walked km.
60 60

Let’s Try!
Mahatir, Nabhi and Olivia each drank some water.
1 1
Mahatir drank less than Nabhi. Olivia drank more
2 5
2
than Nabhi. The three of them drank 2 of water
5
altogether.
(a) How much water did Mahatir drink?
(b) How much water did Olivia drink? Express your
answer as a mixed number in its simplest form.

Let’s Try!
1
(a) 2 1
M
5 2
N 2
5
O
1 1 1 5 5 2
+ + = + +
2 2 5 10 10 10
12
=
10
= 1
1
5
Let’s Try!
2 1 1
2 - 1 = 1
5 5 5
2
1 6 1
1 ¸ 3 = ´ 1
5 5 3
2
=
5
2
Mahatir drank of water.
5

Let’s Try!
(b)
2 1 1 4 2 5
+ + = + +
5 5 2 10 10 10
= 11
10
= 1
1
10
1
Olivia drank 1 of water.
10
Solve Word Problems
2 1
Timothy spent of his salary on food and of it on
5 4
1
transport. He gave of the remaining money to his
2
parents and saved the rest.
(a) What fraction of Timothy's salary was given
to his parents?
(b) Timothy's salary was $5600. How much did his
parents receive?

Solve Word Problems
parents and
food transport savings
Method 1
(a) 7 7 1
¸2 = ´
20 20 2
7
=
40
7
Timothy gave his parents of his salary.
40
Solve Word Problems
Method 1
(b) Timothy's salary = $5600
1
of Timothy's salary = $5600  40
40
= $140
7
of Timothy's salary = $140  7
40
= $980
Timothy's parents received $980.

Solve Word Problems
Method 2
2 1 20 8 5
(a) 1 - - = - -
5 4 20 25 20
7
=
20
7
of Timothy's salary was left after spending on
20
food and transport.
1 7 7
´ =
2 20 40
7
Timothy gave his parents of his salary.
40
Solve Word Problems
Method 2
(b) 7 7
´ $5600 = 1 ´ $5600
140
40 40
= $980
Timothy's parents received $980.

Let’s Try!
1
Jeevan buys 1 kg of chilli powder. He uses of it for cooking
4
1
and sells of the remainder in 6 identical packets.
2
(a) What is the mass of the chilli powder in each packet?
(b) How many such packets will have a total mass of 3 kg?

Let’s Try!
Method 1
1 kg
(a)
used in sold
cooking
3
Jeevan sells kg of chilli powder.
8

Let’s Try!
1
3 3 1
¸ 6 = ´ 2
8 8 6
1
=
16
1
There is kg of chilli powder in each packet.
16

Let’s Try!
Method 2
1 3
(a) 1 - =
4 4
3
of the chilli powder is left after cooking.
4
3 1 3
 
4 2 8
3
Jeevan sells kg of chilli powder.
8
Let’s Try!
3 1 3 1
¸ 6= ´ 2
8 8 6
1
=
16
1
There is kg of chilli powder in each packet.
16

Let’s Try!
(b) 1 16
3 ¸ = 3 ´
16 1
= 48
48 packets will have a total mass of 3 kg.

Solve Word Problems
3
of the beans in a bag were red and the rest were green.
8
1 3
After kg of red beans were added and kg of green
5 10
beans were given away, there were equal amounts of
red and green beans in the bag. What was the mass
of the red beans at first?

Solve Word Problems
Before After
1
kg
red green 5
red
green
red
green
3
kg
10

Solve Word Problems
1 3 1 1
2 units = + 1 unit = ¸2 3 units = ´3
5 10 2 4
2 3 1 1 3
= + = ´ =
10 10 2 2 4
5 1
= = The mass of the
10 4
red beans at first
1
= 3
2 was kg.
4

Let’s Try!
7
of a cake roll was placed on a cake platter and the
11
1
remainder was placed on a plate. After of the cake roll
4
was transferred from the cake platter to the plate, the amount
of cake roll on the two containers were the same. Find the
amount of cake roll on the cake platter at first. Express your
answer as a mixed number in its simplest form.

Let’s Try!
Before After
cake platter plate
cake
platter
plate
cake 1
platter 4
plate

Let’s Try!
1
3 units =
4
1
1 unit = ¸ 3
4
1 1
= ´
4 3
1
=
12

Let’s Try!
1
14 units = ´ 14
12
14
=
12
2
= 1
12
1
= 1
6
1
The amount of cake roll on the cake platter at first was 1 .
6
Reference — Textbooks
Learning Outcomes
Divide a fraction by a whole 6A 6A
number pp. 40–45 pp. 22–24
Divide by a proper fraction 6A 6A
pp. 46–55 pp. 25–30
Solve word problems 6A 6A
pp. 56–71 pp. 31–35

SMTS Chapter 2

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Primary 6 Mathematics

My Pals Are Here, Book A, Chapter 2: Fractions

© 2018 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

© 2018 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

© 2018 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

© 2018 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

© 2018 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

© 2018 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

© 2018 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

© 2018 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

© 2018 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

© 2018 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

There were 6 sixths in 1 whole.

© 2018 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

There were 4 quarters.

© 2018 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

© 2018 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

1 Siti cut the cake into 5

© 2018 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

Hui Jing cut the 4 pizzas

© 2018 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

Raj cut the 3 pies into 15

© 2018 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

© 2018 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

© 2018 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

How many tenths are

© 2018 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

© 2018 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

© 2018 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

Jagan cut the pie into 2 equal pieces.

© 2018 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

© 2018 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

How many halves are

© 2018 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

She cut the pizza into 2 equal pieces.

© 2018 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

© 2018 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

She used 2 plates.

© 2018 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

© 2018 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

It will take 15 minutes for the machine to pack 3 kg

© 2018 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

There are 20 bags of lychees.

© 2018 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

© 2018 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

She cut the ribbon into 9 equal pieces.

© 2018 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

© 2018 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

© 2018 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

© 2018 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

There were 4 small parts.

© 2018 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

Each small part was 11 m2 .

© 2018 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

(a) 1 - 3 - 2 = 2 (b) 1 ´ 154 = 11

There were 4 small parts.

© 2018 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

© 2018 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

© 2018 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

Each friend receives 12 ribbons.

© 2018 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

Each friend receives 12 ribbons.

© 2018 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

© 2018 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd