Previous Papers

: No: R2022024
Code R20 SET - 1

II B. Tech II Semester Regular/Supplementary Examinations, July- 2023
INDUCTION AND SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES
(Electrical and Electronics Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Answer any FIVE Questions each Question from each unit
All Questions carry Equal Marks
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
UNIT-I
1 a) Why slip ring induction motors are more expensive than squirrel cage motors of the [7M]
same rating? Explain.
b) A 25 hp, 400 V, 50 Hz, 4-pole, star connected induction motor has the following [7M]
impedances per phase in Ω referred to the stator side: Rs= 0.641 Ω, R 1r = 0.322Ω,
Xs=1.106 Ω, X1r = 0.464 Ω and Xm = 26.30 Ω . Rotational losses are assumed
constant and are 1.1 kW and the core losses are assumed negligible. If the slip is
2.2% at rated voltage and frequency , Find i) speed ii) stator current iii) power factor
iv) output and input power and v) efficiency of motor.
Or
2 a) Develop the equivalent circuit of a three phase induction motor. Explain how this [7M]
equivalent circuit is similar to the transformer equivalent circuit?
b) A 3-phase Induction Motor has a star-connected rotor. The rotor e.m.f. between the [7M]
slip rings at standstill is 50 V. The rotor resistance and standstill reactances are
0.5 Ω and 3 Ω respectively. Find
(i) Rotor current per phase at starting if a star connected rheostat of resistance 6Ω
per phase is connected across the slip rings
(ii) Full-load rotor current and rotor power factor if full-load slip is 4%
(iii) Rotor e.m.f. per phase under full-load condition.
UNIT-II
3 a) Explain in detail about torque (vs) slip and torque (vs) speed characteristics of [7M]
3-phase Induction Motor.
b) For a three phase induction motor, the rotor ohmic loss at maximum torque is [7M]
16-times that at full load torque. The slip at full load torque is 0.03. If the stator
resistance and rotational losses are neglected, then calculate
(i) The slip at maximum torque
(ii) The maximum torque in terms of full load torque
(iii) The starting torque in terms of full load torque
Or
4 a) Explain the principle of speed control of a 3-phase induction motor by V/f method [7M]
and draw the corresponding torque-speed characteristics.
b) A 4-pole, 50 Hz, 3-phase induction motor develops a maximum torque of 120 NM [7M]
at 1460 r.p.m. The resistance of the star connected rotor is 0.35Ω/phase. Determine
the value of resistance that must be inserted in series, with each rotor phase to
produce a starting torque equal to half the maximum torque.
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Code No: R2022024 R20 SET - 1
UNIT-III
5 a) Why starters are necessary for starting the Induction Motors? What are various types [7M]
of starters used for squirrel cage motors? Discuss them.
b) Estimate the starting torque as a percentage of full-load torque for a 3-phase [7M]
Induction motor for the following methods of starting:
a) Direct on line, b) Star-Delta, and c) Autotransformer which limits the starting
current to twice the full load current. The full load slip is 0.03 and the short-circuit
current is six times the full-load current.
Or
6 a) Explain the constructional features and working principle of single phase induction [7M]
motor.
b) The following data pertaining to a single phase, 4-pole Induction Motor: [7M]
Output = 410 W; Supply voltage= 230 V; Frequency=50 Hz;
Input Current=3.2 A; Power factor = 0.7; Speed= 1410 RPM
Calculate (i) The efficiency of the motor and
(ii) The slip of the motor when delivering rated output.
UNIT-IV
7 a) Explain the MMF method of determining the voltage regulation of alternator. [7M]
b) Two identical three phase synchronous generators operating in parallel share equal [7M]
loads of 2000kW at 11 kV and 0.8 lagging power factor. The armature current of the
first generator is 100A at lagging power factor. Determine the armature current of
the second generator and the power factor at which each machine operates.
Or
8 a) Derive the expression for the EMF induced in an alternator. Discuss the role of different [7M]
factors which appear in the expression.
b) A 5 kVA, 220 V, star connected three phase salient pole alternator with direct axis and [7M]
quadratic axis reactances of 12 Ω and 7 Ω respectively, delivers full load current unity
power factor. Calculate the excitation voltage. Neglect armature resistance.
UNIT-V
9 a) With the help of a neat vector diagram, explain the operation of synchronous motor [7M]
as synchronous condenser.
b) A 2500 V, three phase star -connected synchronous motor has a resistance of 0.35Ω per [7M]
phase and synchronous reactance of 2.2 Ω per phase. The motor is operating at 0.75
power factor leading with a line current of 250 A. Determine the excitation voltage per
phase.
Or
10 a) Derive the expression for the maximum power developed by a synchronous motor. [7M]
b) A 2 kV, 3-phase star-connected synchronous motor has an effective resistance and [7M]
synchronous reactance per phase of 0.3 Ω and 2.4 Ω respectively. The input is 800 kW
at normal voltage and induced line e.m.f is 2500 V. Calculate line current and power
factor.
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: No: R2022024
Code R20 SET - 2
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UNIT-I
1 a) Explain, why the speed of 3-phase induction motor cannot be equal to synchronous [7M]
speed?
impedances per phase in ohms referred to the stator side: Rs = 0.581 Ω,
R 1r = 0.431Ω: Xs=1.106 Ω, X1r = 0.464 Ω and Xm = 26.30Ω. Rotational losses are
assumed constant and are 1.5 kW and the core losses are assumed negligible. If the
slip is 2.2% at rated voltage and frequency , find i) speed ii) stator current iii) power
factor iv) output and input power and v) efficiency of motor.
Or
2 a) Explain in detail the constructional features of wound rotor three phase Induction [7M]
motor.
b) In a 6-pole, 3-phase, 50-Hz Induction Motor with star connected rotor, the rotor [7M]
resistance per phase is 0.3Ω, the reactance at standstill is 1.5 Ω per phase. The e.m.f.
between the slip rings on open circuit is 175 V. Calculate
(i) Rotor e.m.f. per phase
(ii) Rotor frequency and reactance at a speed of 950 RPM.
UNIT-II
3 a) Explain how the circle diagram for a poly-phase induction motor can be drawn from [7M]
its test data.
b) A 3-phase, 400 V, 4-pole, 50-Hz, Induction Motor has a star-connected stator and [7M]
rotor. The rotor resistance and standstill reactance per phase are 0.25 Ω and 1.2 Ω
respectively. The ratio of stator to rotor turns is 1.3. The full-load slip is 4 %.
Calculate
(i) The power and torque developed at full-load
(ii) Maximum torque and speed at which it occurs.
Or
4 a) State the effects of increasing rotor resistance on starting current, starting torque, [7M]
maximum torque and full-load slip of a 3-phase induction motor.
b) What is the purpose of using deep bar cage rotors? Explain the construction and [7M]
working principle of a deep-bar cage motor.
UNIT-III
5 a) Explain in detail about the various starting methods of 3-phase induction motors. [7M]
b) A 50 kVA, 400 V, 3-phase, 50-Hz squirrel cage Induction Motor has full-load slip [7M]
of 5%. Its standstill impedance is 0.866 Ω/ phase. It is started using a tapped auto-
transformer. If the maximum allowable supply current at the time of starting is
100A, calculate the tap position and the ratio of starting torque to full-load torque.
Or
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Code No: R2022024 R20 SET - 2
6 a) Explain the working principle of A.C series motor. [7M]
b) A 230 V, 50 Hz, 4-pole single phase induction motor has the following equivalent [7M]
circuit impedances referred towards stator side:
R1m= 2.2 Ω ; R 12 = 4.5 Ω; X1m = 3.1Ω; X12 = 2.6 Ω and XM = 80 Ω;
Friction, windage and core loss = 40 W
For a slip of 0.03 pu, calculate a) input current b) power factor c) developed power
d) output power and e) efficiency
UNIT-IV
7 a) Explain the effect of increasing driving torque and speed of one of the alternators in [7M]
a parallelly connected two alternators.
b) What is a distribution factor? Derive an expression for distribution factor of winding [7M]
having ‘Q’ slots per pole per phase and a slot angle of ‘β’.
Or
8 a) Explain the Potier triangle method of determining the voltage regulation of [7M]
alternator.
b) A 100 kVA, 3000V, 50Hz 3-phase star connected alternator has effective armature [7M]
resistance of 0.2 ohms. The field current of 40 A produce short-circuit current of
200 A and an open circuit e.m.f of 1040 V (line). Calculate the full load voltage
regulation at 0.8 lagging and 0.8 leading power factors. Draw phasor diagrams.
UNIT-V
9 a) Explain the various starting methods of synchronous motor. [7M]
b) A 2500 V, three phase, star- connected synchronous motor has a resistance of 0.4Ω [7M]
per phase and synchronous reactance of 2.2 Ω per phase. The motor is operating at
0.8 power factor leading with a line current of 260 A. Determine the excitation
voltage per phase.
Or
10 a) Explain the operation of synchronous motor with variable excitation at constant [7M]
load.
b) The input to an 11000V, 3 phase star connected synchronous motor is 60A. The [7M]
effective resistance and synchronous reactance per phase are respectively 1 Ω and
30Ω. Find the power supplied to the motor, and the induced electromotive force for
a power factor of 0.8 i) lagging ii) leading
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: No: R2022024
Code R20 SET - 3

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UNIT-I
1 a) Describe the principle of operation of three phase induction motor. Explain why the [7M]
rotor is forced to rotate in the direction of rotating magnetic field.
b) The open-circuit voltage across the slip rings of a 100 HP star connected Induction [7M]
Motor is 273 V at standstill. What resistance in rotor circuit will reduce its full-load
speed by 25%? The full-load slip is 2% with no additional rotor resistance.
Or
2 a) Develop an expression for the frequency of rotor currents in a 3-phase Induction [7M]
Motor.
impedances per phase in ohms referred to the stator side: Rs= 0.641 Ω, R 1r =
0.432Ω: Xs=1.106 Ω, X1r = 0.544 Ω and Xm = 25.30 Ω. Rotational losses are
assumed constant and are 1.1 kW and the core losses are assumed negligible. If the
slip is 2.2% at rated voltage and frequency, find i) speed ii) stator current
iii) power factor iv) output and input power and v) efficiency of motor.
UNIT-II
3 a) Derive an expression for the torque of an Induction motor and obtain the condition [7M]
for maximum Torque.
b) A 3-phase, 400 V, 4-pole, 50-Hz, Induction Motor has a star-connected stator and [7M]
rotor. The rotor resistance and standstill reactance per phase are 0.25 Ω and 1.2 Ω
respectively. The ratio of stator to rotor turns is 1.5. The full-load slip is 6 %.
Calculate
(i) The power and torque developed at full-load
(ii) Maximum torque and speed at which it occurs.
Or
4 Draw the circle diagram from no-load and short circuit test on a 3-phase, 14.92 kW, [14M]
440V, 6-pole induction motor from the following results:
No-load test : 400V , 11A, PF=0.2
Short-circuit test : 100V, 25A, PF=0.4
Rotor Cu losses at stand still is half the total Cu losses from the circle diagram,
Determine (i) Line current, slip, efficiency and pf at full load
(ii) Maximum torque.
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Code No: R2022024 R20 SET - 3
UNIT-III
5 a) Explain the operation of Auto transformer starter of a 3-phaseinduction with a neat [7M]
diagram and listout its advantages and disadvantages.
b) A squirrel cage Induction Motor, when started by means of a star-delta starter takes [7M]
200% full-load current (line) and develops 44% of full-load torque at starting.
Calculate the starting torque and current, if an auto-transformer with 75% tapping
were employed.
Or
6 a) Explain with reasons, why single phase induction motors are not self starting. [7M]
b) A 4-pole, 110 V, 140 W single phase Induction Motor runs at 5% slip at rated [7M]
output. Total copper losses at full load are 28W and rotational losses are 28W.
Calculate the full-load efficiency and rotor copper losses caused by backward field.
Neglect stator copper losses.
UNIT-IV
7 a) Explain the effect of increasing excitation of one of the alternators when two [7M]
alternators are connected in parallel.
b) Two similar 400V, 3-ph alternators share equal kW power delivered to a balanced [7M]
3-ph, 50kw, 0.8pf lag load. If the power factor of one is 0.95 lag, find the power
factor and the current supplied by the other machine.
Or
8 a) Explain the EMF method of determining the voltage regulation of alternator. [7M]
b) A 3-phase, 200 kVA, 1.1 kV, 50 Hz star connected alternator having an effective per [7M]
phase resistance of 0.62 Ω gave the following results:
Filed current (A) 20 35 50 80 100 120
Open circuit Voltage(V) 692.82 1120 1450 1750 1953 2180
Short circuit current (A) 0
Using MMF method, find voltage regulation at 100 A (i) 0.8 lagging (ii) 0.8 leading
power factors.
UNIT-V
9 a) Draw the phasor diagram of 3-phase synchronous motor. Explain the effect of [7M]
(i) change in excitation if load is constant (ii) change of load if excitation is
constant.
b) A 3-phase star connected 440 V; the synchronous motor takes a power input of [7M]
5 kW at rated voltage. It’s synchronous reactance is 5 Ω per phase and resistance is
negligible. If its excitation voltage is adjusted equal to rated voltage of 400V,
compute the load angle, power factor and armature current.
Or
10 a) What is meant by hunting in a Synchronous motor? Explain in detail. [7M]
b) The input to an 11 kV, 3-phase star connected synchronous motor is 60A. The effective [7M]
resistance and synchronous reactance per phase are respectively 1 Ω and 30Ω. Find the
power supplied to the motor, and the induced electromotive force for a power factor of
0.8 i) lagging ii) leading
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: No: R2022024
Code R20 SET - 4

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UNIT-I
1 a) Show that a rotating magnetic field can be produced by the use of 3-phase currents [7M]
of equal magntude.
b) A 3-phase Induction Motor has a star-connected rotor. The rotor e.m.f. between the [7M]
slip rings at standstill is 60 V. The rotor resistance and standstill reactances are
0.3 Ω and 2 Ω respectively. Find
(i) Rotor current per phase at starting if a star connected rheostat of
resistance 6Ω per phase is connected across the slip rings
(ii) Full-load rotor current and rotor power factor if full-load slip is 5%.
(iii) Rotor e.m.f. per phase under full-load condition.
Or
2 a) Draw and explain the equivalent circuit of a 3-phase induction motor. [7M]
b) The open-circuit voltage across the slip rings of a 110 HP star connected Induction [7M]
Motor is 275 V at standstill. What resistance in rotor circuit will reduce its full-load
speed by 30%? The full-load slip is 3% with no additional rotor resistance.
UNIT-II
3 a) Explain the no-load and blocked rotor tests and also procedure to predetermine the [7M]
efficiency using circle diagram of a three phase induction motor.
b) For a three phase induction motor, the rotor ohmic loss at maximum torque is [7M]
15 times that at full load torque. The slip at full load torque is 0.05. If the stator
resistance and rotational losses are neglected, then calculate
(i) The slip at maximum torque
(ii) The max. torque in terms of full load torque
(iii) The starting torque in terms of full load torque
Or
4 a) Explain the phenomenon of crawling and cogging in a three phase induction motor. [7M]
b) A three phase induction motor has a starting torque of 100% and a maximum torque [7M]
of 200% of the full-load torque. Determine : i) slip at which maximum torque occurs
ii) full-load torque and iii) rotor current at starting in per unit of full-load rotor
current.
UNIT-III
5 a) How is the speed of a 3-phase induction motor controlled by its stator voltage [7M]
control?
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Code No: R2022024 R20 SET - 4
b) The ratio of maximum torque to full-load torque in a 3-phase squirrel cage Induction [7M]
Motor is 2.2: 1. The rotor resistance and standstill reactance per phase are 0.5 Ω and
5 Ω respectively. Determine the ratio of actual starting torque to full-load torque for
the following cases:
(i) Direct Starting (ii) Star-Delta Starting
(iii) Auto transformer starting with 70% tapping.
Or
6 a) Using double field revolving field theory explain the torque-slip characteristics of a [7M]
single phase induction motor and prove that it cannot produce starting torque?
b) A 230 V, 50 Hz, 4-pole single phase induction motor has the following equivalent [7M]
circuit impedances referred towards stator side:
R1m= 2.3 Ω ; R 12 = 4.5 Ω; X1m = 3Ω; X12 = 2.6 Ω and XM = 80 Ω;
Friction, windage and core loss = 60 W
For a slip of 0.04 pu, calculate i) input current ii) power factor iii) developed power
iv) output power and v) efficiency
UNIT-IV
7 a) What are the effects of change of excitation and mechanical power input on alternators [7M]
operated in parallel?
b) Two star-connected synchronous generators connected in parallel have an emf of [7M]
1200 V per phase share a common star-connected share impedance (2 +j1.0) Ω/
phase. The synchronous impedances of the machines are Zs1 = 0.1+j2 Ω/phase and
Zs2= (0.2+j3) Ω/phase respectively. Determine the common terminal voltage, power
outputs and no-load circulating current when two machines internal emfs have a
phase divergence 50.
Or
8 a) What is the necessity of parallel operation of alternator and state the requirement of [7M]
paralleling alternator.
b) Two alternators running in parallel supply lighting load of 2500 KW and a motor [7M]
load of 5000 KW at 0.707 P.F. one machine is loaded to 4000 KW at a P.F. of 0.8
lagging. What is the KW output and P.F. of the other machine?
UNIT-V
9 a) Explain about synchronous condensers. [7M]
b) A three-phase, star-connected synchronous motor has Z=(0.5+j5)Ω and taking an [7M]
input power of 1500 kW when back emf is 4000V. Calculate (i) Line current
(ii) power factor for the above condition
Or
10 a) Explain the operation of synchronous motor with variable excitation at constant [7M]
load.
b) A 2 kV, 3-phase star-connected synchronous motor has an effective resistance and [7M]
synchronous reactance per phase of 0.4 Ω and 2.6 Ω respectively. The input is 900 kW
at normal voltage and induced line e.m.f is 2500 V. Calculate line current and power
factor.
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Code No: R2022024 R20 SET - 1
II B. Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, December - 2022
Answer any FIVE Questions, each Question from each unit
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
UNIT-I
1 a) Deduce and discuss the equivalent circuit of a three-phase induction motor. [7M]
b) A 8 kW, 400V 3-phase, 4 pole 50 Hz slip-ring induction motor develops a rated [7M]
output at rated voltage and frequency and with its slip rings short circuited. The
maximum torque equal to twice the full-load torque, occurs at slip of 10% with zero
external resistance in the rotor circuit. Stator resistance and rotational losses are
neglected. Determine i) slip and rotor speed at full-load torque ii) rotor ohmic loss at
full-load torque iii) starting torque at rated voltage and frequency.
Or
2 a) Explain the construction of cage and wound rotor induction machine. [7M]
b) A 4 pole, 50 Hz, 7.4 kW motor, at rated voltage and frequency has a starting torque [7M]
of 150% and a maximum torque of 200% of full-load torque. Calculate
i) Full-load speed and ii) Speed at maximum torque
UNIT-II
3 a) Explain the various regions of torque–slip characteristics of three phase induction [7M]
motor.
b) A three phase induction motor has a 4-pole, star connected stator winding. The [7M]
motor runs on a 50 Hz supply with 200 V between lines. The rotor resistance and
standstill rotor resistance per phase are 0.15 Ω and 0.85 Ω. The ratio of rotor to
stator turns is 0.69. Calculate
i) total torque at 4% slip ii) maximum torque iii) speed at maximum torque
iv) maximum mechanical power. Neglect stator impedance.
Or
4 a) A 50 kW, 6 pole, 50 Hz, 450 V three phase slip ring induction motor furnished the [7M]
following test figure:
No load test : 450 V 20 A p.f. = 0.15
Blocked rotor test: 200 V 150 A p.f.= 0.3
The rotor to stator copper losses on short circuit was 5:4. Draw the circle diagram
and determine from it
i) The full load current and power factor
ii) The maximum torque and the maximum power input,
iii) Slip at full load
iv) efficiency at full load.
b) Explain the working of double cage and deep-bar cage induction motors. [7M]
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Code No: R2022024 R20 SET - 1
UNIT-III
5 a) A squirrel-cage induction motor has a starting current of six times the full-load [7M]
current at a slip of 0.04. Calculate the line current and starting torque in pu of full
load values for the following methods of starting:
i) Direct switching ii) Auto-transformer starting with motor current limited to 2.0 pu
iii) Star-Delta starting.
b) What do you mean by “Forward and Backward” fields in single-phase Induction [7M]
motor? Explain why in case of 1-phase Induction motor are not self-starting? Enlist
the starting methods.
Or
6 a) How is the speed of a three-phase induction motor controlled by a stator voltage [7M]
control? Show that the region of speed control by this method is limited by the slip
at which maximum torque develops.
b) A 230V, 4-pole, 50 Hz, single-phase induction motor has an effective resistance and [7M]
leakage reactance of 0.6Ω and 4.8Ω respectively. It is running at a speed of 1350
rpm, Determine:
i) frequencies of forward and backward rotor current components
ii) relative magnitudes of forward and backward fluxes.
Neglect magnetizing current and stator impedances
UNIT-IV
7 a) Explain the synchronization of three phase alternators. [7M]
b) A three phase, 16 –pole synchronous generator has a resultant air-gap flux of 0.06 [7M]
Wb per pole. The flux is distributed sinusoidally over the pole. The stator has 2 slots
per pole per phase and 4 conductors per slot are accommodated in two layers. The
coli span is 1500 electrical. Calculate the phase and line induced voltages when the
machine runs at 375 rpm.
Or
8 a) Discuss the two reaction analyses of salient pole machines with phasor diagrams. [7M]
b) Two identical 2000 kVA alternators operate in parallel. The governor of first [7M]
machine is such that frequency drops uniformly from 50 Hz on no load to 48 Hz on
full load. The corresponding uniform speed drop of the second machine is 50 Hz to
47.5 Hz.
i) How will the two machines share a load of 3200 kW?
ii) What is the maximum load at unity power factor that can be delivered without
overloading either machine.
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Code No: R2022024 R20 SET - 1
UNIT-V
9 a) Explain the variation of current and power factor with excitation in synchronous [7M]
motors.
b) A three phase, 400V, 50 Hz, 37.3 kW star connected synchronous motor has a full- [7M]
load efficiency of 86%. The synchronous impedance of motor is (0.2+j1.6) Ω/phase.
If the excitation of the motor is adjusted to give a leading of 0.9, calculate for load
i) the induced emf ii) total mechanical power developed.
Or
10 a) A 1000 kVA, 11000 V, three phase star-connected synchronous motor has an [7M]
armature resistance and reactance per phase of 3.5Ω and 40Ω respectively.
Determine the induced e.m.f. and angle retardation of the rotor when fully loaded at
i) unity power factor ii) 0.8 power factor lagging iii) 0.8 power factor leading.
b) Explain the working of synchronous condenser. [7M]
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: No:R2022024
Code R20 SET - 1
II B. Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, June/July - 2022
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
UNIT-I
1 a) Describe the constructional features of both squirrel-cage induction motor and [7M]
slipring induction motor. Also discuss the merits of one over other?
b) A 20kW, 6pole, 400V, 50Hz, 3 Phase induction motor has a full load slip of 0.025. [7M]
If the torque lost in mechanical losses is 10 Nm, find the rotor ohmic losses, motor
input and efficiency. Stator losses are 800 watts.
Or
2 a) Discuss the similarities between transformer and an induction machine. Hence, [7M]
explain why an induction machine is called a generalized transformer?
b) A 6-pole, 50 Hz, 3-phase induction motor running on full load develops a useful [7M]
torque of 160 N-m when the rotor emf makes 120 complete cycles per minute.
Calculate the shaft power output. If the mechanical torque lost in friction and that
for core-loss is 10 N-m, compute (i) The copper-loss in the rotor windings (ii) The
input to the motor, and (iii) The efficiency The total stator loss is given to be 800W.
UNIT-II
3 a) Derive the general expression for the torque developed in the three-phase induction [7M]
motor? Also derive the expression for maximum torque?
b) A 3 phase SCIM has a rotor starting current of 6 times its full load value. The motor [7M]
has a full load slip of 5%. Determine
(i) the starting torque in terms of full load torque
(ii) slip at which max. torque occurs
(iii) maximum torque in terms of full load torque
Or
4 a) Write a short note on cogging and crawling? [7M]
b) A 6pole, 50Hz, 3 Phase IM has a rotor resistance of 0.2Ω per phase and a maximum [7M]
torque of 160 Nm at 875 rpm. Calculate
(i) the torque for a full load slip of 4 %
(ii) the resistance to be added to the rotor circuit to obtain 80 % of full load
torque at starting
Rotational losses and stator impedance are neglected.
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: No:R2022024
Code R20 SET - 1
UNIT-III
5 a) With the help of a neat diagram, explain the working of DOL starter used for [7M]
starting three phase IM.
b) The ratio of maximum torque to full – load torque in a 3- phase squirrel –cage induction [7M]
motor is 2:1. Determine the ratio of actual starting torque to full – load torque for the
following cases: (i) Direct starting, (ii) Star –delta starting, and (iii) Autotransformer
started tapping of 70%. The rotor resistance and standstill reactance per phase are 0.5 Ω
and 5 Ω respectively.
Or
6 a) Using double field revolving field theory explain the torque–slip characteristics of a [7M]
single-phase induction motor and prove that it cannot produce starting torque.
b) Explain the construction and working of AC series motor. What are the differences [7M]
between AC series motor and DC series motor?
UNIT-IV
7 a) List the differences between salient pole and non-salient pole alternators. [7M]
b) A 3 phase 16-pole alternator has the following data: Number of slots=192, [7M]
conductors/slot =8; coil span 10 slots, speed of the alternator=375 rpm, flux per pole
=55 m wB. Calculate phase and line emf voltage.
Or
8 a) Explain the effect of variation of mechanical input on the parallel operation of [7M]
alternators with necessary phasor diagrams
b) Write Short notes on two reaction theory and hence draw and explain the phasor [7M]
diagram of a salient pole alternator for leading p.f. load.
UNIT-V
9 a) Derive an expression for power developed in a cylindrical rotor synchronous motor [7M]
in terms of load angle and synchronous impedance?
b) A 3-Phase, 50Hz, 2000V, synchronous motor has a synchronous reactance of 10 [7M]
Ω/ph and negligible armature resistance. The motor delivers a power of 120 kW and
the efficiency is 88%. If the torque angle is 120 electrical, determine the back emf of
the motor. Assume the armature winding is star connected.
Or
10 a) What is hunting phenomenon in synchronous motor? What are the drawbacks of [7M]
hunting? What are different methods of suppression?
b) A 1000 kVA, 11,000 V, 3-Phase star connected synchronous motor has an armature [7M]
resistance and reactance per phase of 3.5 Ω and 40 Ω respectively. Determine the
induced emf and angular retardation of the motor when fully loaded at (i) unity pf
and (ii) 0.8 pf lead.
2 of 2
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: No: R2022024
Code R20 SET - 2
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
UNIT-I
1 a) Describe the principle of operation of 3 phase IM. Explain why the rotor is forced to [7M]
rotate in the direction of Rotating Magnetic Field.
b) A 10 kW, 3 Phase, 50 Hz, 4 pole IM has a full load slip of 0.03. Mechanical and [7M]
stray load losses at full load are 3.5 % of output power. Compute
(i) Power delivered by stator to rotor
(ii) Electromagnetic (internal) torque at full load
(iii)Rotor ohmic losses at full load
Or
2 a) Explain the terms: Airgap power Pg, internal mechanical power developed Pm and [7M]
shaft power Psh. How are these terms related with each other? Also show that,Pg:
rotor ohmic loss: Pm = 1:s: (1-s)
b) A 3 phase, 50 Hz IM has full load speed of 1440 rpm. For this motor, calculate the [7M]
following: (i) number of poles (ii) full load slip (iii) rotor frequency (iv) speed of
stator field with respect to stator structure and rotor structure (v) speed of rotor field
with respect to rotor structure, stator structure and stator field
UNIT-II
3 a) Derive the condition for maximum torque developed in a 3 phase IM and hence [7M]
prove that, to increase the starting torque extra resistance must be added in the rotor
circuit?
b) In a 3 phase IM, stator reactance equals the rotor reactance at standstill while each [7M]
resistance is one-fourth of this value. If the motor develops 220 Nm at 3 % slip,
what will be its starting torque and pull out torques.
Or
4 a) Draw the torque-slip characteristics of a 3-phase induction motor. Explain them [7M]
briefly.
b) Write a short note on double cage rotor and deep bar rotor SCIMs. [7M]
UNIT-III
5 a) Explain the starting of IM using Auto transformer starter. [7M]
b) The short circuit current of SCIM on normal voltage is 3.5 times the full load [7M]
current and the full load slip ids 4%. Determine the percentage tapping required to
an autotransformer starter to start the motor against 1/3rd full load torque. Neglect
magnetizing current.
Or
1 of 2
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:
Code No: R2022024 R20 SET - 2
6 a) Using double field revolving field theory explain the torque–slip characteristics of a [7M]
single-phase induction motor and prove that it cannot produce starting torque?
b) Write a short note on (i) AC series motor (ii) Split phase IM [7M]
UNIT-IV
7 a) What is armature reaction? Explain the effect of armature reaction on the terminal [7M]
voltage of an alternator at ZPF lag and ZPF lead with the help of necessary phasor
diagram.
b) The open and short circuit test readings for a three-phase star connected 1000 kVA [7M]
2000 V and 50 Hz alternator are
VOC(Line) 800 1500 1760 2000 2350 2600
ISC(A) - 200 250 300 - -
IF(A) 10 20 25 30 40 50
The armature effective resistance is 0.2 Ω/ phase. Estimate the full load voltage
regulation using M.M.F. method for 0.8 pf lag.
Or
8 a) What is synchronizing power of an alternator? Derive an expression for [7M]
synchronizing power between the two alternators when they are connected in
parallel?
b) The governors of each 2000 kW, rating turbo alternators running in parallel are so [7M]
adjusted that the frequency of one of the alternators drops uniformly from 50 Hz to
45 Hz and that of other from 50 Hz to 47 Hz from No load to full load. Calculate the
load on each machine when the total load is 3000 kW
UNIT-V
9 a) Explain different methods of starting synchronous motor. [7M]
b) A synchronous motor takes 20 kW at 400 V supply mains. The synchronous [7M]
reactance of the motor is 4 Ω. Find the p.f. at which the motor would operate when
the exciting current is so adjusted that the generated e.m.f. is 550 V. Assume the star
connected stator.
Or
10 a) What is synchronous condenser? What are the advantages of installing a [7M]
synchronous condenser in an electrical system? Illustrate your answer with an
example?
b) An industrial plant has an average load demand of 800 kW at a pf of 0.71 lag. A [7M]
synchronous motor of 400 kVA is installed for driving an additional load and
improving the plant power factor. The synchronous motor load is 160 kW at an
efficiency of 90%. For synchronous motor operation at rated kVA, calculate the
total load kVA and the resultant pf.
2 of 2
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:
Code No: R2022024 R20 SET - 3

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
UNIT-I
1 a) Develop the phasor diagram of three phase IM. How does it differ from the phasor [7M]
diagram of transformer?
b) A 3-phase 400 V, 50 Hz induction motor takes a power input of 35kW at its full [7M]
load speed of 980 rpm. The total stator losses are 1 kW and friction and windage
losses are 1.5 kW. Calculate (i) slip (ii) rotor ohmic losses (iii) Shaft power
(iv) shaft torque and (v) efficiency
Or
2 a) Develop and explain the equivalent circuit of Three phase IM. [7M]
b) A 10 kW, 400 V, 3 phase, 4 pole, 50 Hz delta connected IM is running at no load [7M]
with a line current of 8 A and an input power of 660 W. At full load, the line current
is 18 A, and the input power is 11.2 kW. Stator effective resistance per phase is 1.2
Ω and friction, windage loss is 420 watts. For negligible rotor ohmic losses to at no
load, calculate (i) stator core loss (ii) total rotor losses at full load (iii) full load
speed (iv) internal torque (v) shaft torque (vi) motor efficiency
UNIT-II
3 a) Explain the speed control of three phase IM with V/f control. [7M]
b) A 746kW, 3 phase, 50 Hz, 16 pole IM has a rotor impedance of (0.02+j0.15) Ω at [7M]
stand still. Full load torque is obtained at 360rpm. Calculate (i) the ratio of
maximum torque to full load torque (ii) speed at maximum torque (iii) the rotor
resistance to be added to get maximum starting torque
Or
4 a) Briefly explain the procedure to draw the circle diagram of three phase IM. [7M]
b) A 12pole, 3Phase, 600V, 50Hz. Star connected IM has rotor resistance and standstill [7M]
reactance of 0.03 and 0.5 Ω per phase respectively. Calculate (i) Speed at maximum
torque (ii) ratio of full load torque to maximum torque, if the full load speed is 495
rpm.
UNIT-III
5 a) With the help of neat circuit, explain the starting of IM suing Y/Δ starter. [7M]
b) Calculate the steps in a 5-step rotor resistance starter for a 3 phase IM. The slip at [7M]
the maximum starting current is 2 % with slip ring short circuited and the rotor
resistance per phase is 0.02Ω.
1 of 2
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Code No:R2022024 R20 SET - 3
Or
6 a) Write a short note on different methods of starting single phase IM. [7M]
b) Explain the construction and working of AC series motor. What are the differences [7M]
between AC series motor and DC series motor?
UNIT-IV
7 a) Why stationary armature is preferred over rotating armature? Explain the [7M]
classification of alternators based on rotor used.
b) A three-phase star connected alternator has an open circuit voltage of 6000V. The [7M]
armature resistance and synchronous resistance are 0.4Ω and 4Ω per phase
respectively. Find the terminal voltage and the phase difference between terminal
voltage and open circuit EMF at a power factor of 0.9 leading. Given load current is
140A.
Or
8 a) Explain the effect of armature reaction on the performance of an alternator. How it [7M]
depends on the load p.f. Explain with suitable diagrams.
b) Two identical 3 MVA alternators are running in parallel. The frequency drops from [7M]
no load to full load for the two alternators are 50 Hz to 47 Hz and 50 Hz to 48 Hz
respectively.
i. How they will share a load of 4000 kW?
ii. What is maximum unity factor load which they can supply jointly without any
one of them over loaded?
UNIT-V
9 a) Explain, why synchronous motor is not self-starting? Explain any one method of [7M]
starting a synchronous motor.
b) A 3-phase star connected synchronous motor is designed for a terminal voltage of [7M]
3300V and its synchronous impedance is (0.25 + j 2.00) Ω/ph. The excitation is
adjustable to a value which corresponds to an open circuit terminal voltage of
3500V. Determine the current and p.f. from an input of 750kW.
Or
10 a) Explain the variation of current and power factor with excitation in synchronous [7M]
motor.
b) A synchronous motor absorbing 50 kW is connected in parallel with a factory load [7M]
of 200 kW at 0.80 lagging pf. If the resultant power factor after connecting SM is
0.92 lagging, how much leading kVAR is to be supplied by synchronous motor? At
what power factor is it working?
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Code No:R2022024 R20 SET - 4
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
UNIT-I
1 a) Explain why a 3 phase IM, at no load, operates at a very low pf. [7M]
b) A 3 phase, 50 Hz IM has a full load speed of 960 rpm. Calculate [7M]
(i) number of poles (ii) slip frequency (iii) Speed of rotor field with respect to rotor
structure, with respect to stator structure and with respect to stator field.
Or
2 a) With the help of rotor equivalent circuit of an IM, show that the power transferred [7M]
r
magnetically from stator to rotor is given by I 22 2 .
s
b) A 40 Hp three-phase induction motor has a full load slip of 4%. The stator losses [7M]
amount to 4% of the input and the mechanical losses are 1% of the output. If the
current in each phase of the rotor is 50 A. Find the resistance per phase of the rotor
and the efficiency of this machine.
UNIT-II
3 a) Draw and explain the torque Vs slip characteristics of three phase IM in all modes of [7M]
operation.
b) Explain the speed control of IM using V/f control method. [7M]
Or
4 Draw the circle diagram for a 3.73 kW, 200 V, 50 Hz, 4 pole, 3 Phase Y connected [14M]
IM from the following test data:
No- Load test data: 200 V, 5 A, 350 W
Blocked rotor test: 100V, 26A, 1700 W
Estimate from the diagram for full load condition, the line current, power factor and
the maximum torque in terms of the full load torque. The rotor cu loss at stand still
is half the total Cu loss.
UNIT-III
5 a) Explain the construction and working of AC series motor. [7M]
b) Develop the equivalent circuit of single-phase IM using double field revolving [7M]
theory.
Or
6 a) Explain the construction and working of DOL starter used for IM. [7M]
b) A SCIM, when started by means of a Y/Δ starter takes 180% of full load line current [7M]
and develops 35% of full load torque at starting. Calculate the starting torque and
current in terms of full load values, if an auto transformer with 75 % tapping is
employed.
1 of 2
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Code No:R2022024 R20 SET - 4
UNIT-IV
7 a) Explain the constructional details of rotor of both salient pole and cylindrical rotor [7M]
synchronous machines.
b) The stator of a three phase, 16 pole alternator has 144 slots and there are 4 [7M]
conductors per slot connected in two layers and the conductors of each phase are
connected in series. If the speed of the alternator is 375rpm, calculate the emf
induced per phase. Resultant flux in the air gap is 0.05 Webers per pole sinusoidally
distributed. Assume the coil span as 1500 electrical.
Or
8 a) Derive the EMF equation of Alternator from fundamentals clearly showing the [7M]
expressions for pitch and distributions factors.
b) A 100 kVA, 3000 V, 50 Hz, 3 phase Y connected alternator has an effective [7M]
armature resistance of 0.2 Ω. The filed current of 40 A produces a short circuit
current of 200 A and an open circuit emf of 1040 V(Line value), find the full load
voltage regulation at 0.8 pf lagging and 0.8 pf leading.
UNIT-V
9 a) Draw and explain the ‘V-curves’ and ‘inverted V-curves’ of synchronous motor. [7M]
b) A 3-φ, 6000 V, star connected synchronous motor has effective per phase [7M]
synchronous reactance/ phase of 15 Ω & negligible armature resistance. For a
certain load, the input is 800 kW at normal voltage and the induced line EMF is
8500 V. Determine: (i) Line current (ii) Power factor.
Or
10 a) Explain hunting of synchronous machines and methods of its prevention. [7M]
b) A 500V, 6-pole, 3-phase, 50Hz, star-connected synchronous motor has a resistance [7M]
and synchronous reactance of 0.3Ω and 3Ω per phase respectively. The open circuit
voltage is 600V. If the friction and core losses total 1kw, calculate the line current
and power factor when the motor output is 100hp.
2 of 2
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: No: R2022024

Code R20 SET - 1

6 a) Explain the working principle of A.C series motor. [7M]

II B. Tech II Semester Regular/Supplementary Examinations, July- 2023

Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70

II B. Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, June/July - 2022

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