Nama : Tiffany Nathania Ziva Panjaitan

Kelas : 12.5
Absen : 33
News Item

 Definition
News item is a text which informs readers about events of the day. The events are
considered newsworthy or important. News item is a type of the text that has the main
function or communicative purpose to inform readers of listeners or viewer about events of
the day that are considered newsworthy or important.

 Structure of the text

1. Main Event/Newsworthy Events

Taking from the word "main" which means main, then "event" which means
incident, the main event is a paragraph that contains a summary of an event, aka
an important incident that is highlighted to be conveyed to the reader.
In this case, one thing that must be considered by the author is actuality. Are the
events to be discussed up to date or "latest"? The reason is, the latest information
will certainly have a higher value than old news. Another element that can be taken
into consideration when writing about a main event is whether or not an event is
important, and how much influence it will have on readers .
For example , the police issuing a rule that people are prohibited from
wearing sandals when riding motorbikes has a greater influence than information
about a celebgram's marriage.

2. Background Event/Elaboration
Event background contains the background of the event that occurred. Starting
from what and who was involved, where, when, why, and how the incident
happened. This structure must be written in full so that readers can understand the
entire text easily and the value of the news can be conveyed well.

3. Resources of Information (Source)

The part that tells about comments, witnesses to the incident, expert opinions, and
so on regarding the event or incidents being reported.

 Language Features

1) Simple Past Tense

News items are typically written in the past tense to report on events that
have already happened. For example: A magnitude 7.6 earthquake struck off the
coast of Indonesia on Wednesday, killing at least 10 people and injuring hundreds
more.
2) Action Verbs
 News items use action verbs to describe the events that are being reported.
This helps to make the writing more vivid and engaging for the reader. For example :
The earthquake shook buildings and caused widespread damage in the coastal town
of Palu.
3) Reporting Verbs
News items often use reporting verbs, such as "said" and "told," to
introduce quotes from people who are involved in the story. This helps to make the
writing more objective and to avoid bias. For example : "We felt the ground shaking
for what seemed like an eternity," said one survivor. "I thought the house was going
to collapse on top of us.

4) Adverbs:
Adverbs are used to modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs. They can
be used to provide additional information about the events that are being reported.
For example : The earthquake struck suddenly and without warning.

5) Passive voice:
The passive voice is used when the focus of the sentence is on the action
rather than the person or thing performing the action. The passive voice is often
used in news items to avoid stating opinions as facts. For example : Several people
were killed in the earthquake.

Jokowi chairs Pancasila Sanctity Day ceremony in Jakarta

President Joko Widodo (Jokowi) chaired the ceremony of the 2023 Sanctity Day of
Pancasila at the complex of the Pancasila Sakti Monument, Lubang Buaya, East Jakarta, on
Sunday morning. "To reminisce about the services of our national heroes and warriors,
especially the revolutionary heroes, let us begin a moment of silence," he remarked at the
ceremony.
The ceremony began at 8:00 a.m. Western Standard Indonesian Time and was
participated by Vice President Ma'ruf Amin, Speaker of the People’s Consultative Assembly
Bambang Soesatyo, Speaker of the House of Representatives Puan Maharani, and Speaker of
the Regional Representative Council La Nyalla Mattalitti. At the ceremony, Mattalitti was in
charge of reading the text of the state ideology Pancasila, Soesatyo of reading the Preamble
of the 1945 Constitution, and Maharani of reading and signing the pledge of the Pancasila
Sanctity
Several ministers also attended the ceremony, including Politics, Law, and Security
Coordinating Minister Mahfud MD, Economic Affairs Coordinating Minister Airlangga
Hartarto, Maritime Affairs and Investment Coordinating Minister Luhut Pandjaitan, Defense
Minister Prabowo Subianto, Finance Minister Sri Mulyani, Transportation Minister Budi
Sumadi, and Religious Affairs Minister Yaqut Qoumas.
 Commander of the Indonesian Defense Forces (TNI) Admiral Yudo Margono and
Chief of the National Police (Polri) General Listyo Sigit Prabowo participated in the ceremony,
which was also attended by representatives of a number of friendly countries. Meanwhile,
the ceremonial troops consisted of personnel of TNI and Polri as well as representatives of
students in the capital city.

After concluding the ceremony, President Jokowi and his entourage continued their activity
by inspecting the Pancasila Sakti monument.
The Pancasila Sanctity Day is commemorated every October 1 to respect and
reminisce about seven members of TNI, also known as the seven revolutionary heroes, who
died in Lubang Buaya village on September 30, 1965.The first ceremony of Pancasila Sanctity
Day was held in 1966, following the September 30 Movement, in which a group of
communist-aligned military officers attempted to overthrow the government and change the
state ideology from Pancasila to communism. Pancasila, the state ideology, is a set of five
principles that were developed by Indonesia's founding fathers. The five principles are belief
in God, just and civilized humanity, the unity of Indonesia, consensus democracy guided by
the inner wisdom of the people, and social justice for all.

Question

1. Who chaired the Pancasila Sanctity Day ceremony in Jakarta in 2023?

A. President Joko Widodo
B. Vice President Ma'ruf Amin
C. Speaker of the People's Consultative Assembly Bambang Soesatyo
D. Speaker of the House of Representatives Puan Maharani
E. Speaker of the Regional Representative Council La Nyalla Mattalitti

2. What was the date of the Pancasila Sanctity Day ceremony in Jakarta in 2023?
A. October 1
B. October 2
C. October 3
D. October 4
E. October 5

3. Where was the Pancasila Sanctity Day ceremony in Jakarta held in 2023?
A. Pancasila Sakti Monument, Lubang Buaya, East Jakarta
B. Merdeka Palace, Central Jakarta
C. Monas, Central Jakarta
D. Gelora Bung Karno Stadium, South Jakarta
E. Istiqlal Mosque, Central Jakarta

4. What is the significance of the Pancasila Sanctity Day?

A. To commemorate the martyrs of the September 30th Movement coup
B. To celebrate the independence of Indonesia
 C. To uphold the values of Pancasila, the Indonesian state ideology
D. To mark the end of the Dutch colonial era
E. To promote national unity and diversity

5. Which of the following is NOT one of the five principles of Pancasila?

A. Belief in one supreme God
B. Just and civilized humanity
C. Unity of Indonesia
D. Democracy guided by the inner wisdom in the unanimity arising out of
deliberations amongst representatives
E. Social justice for all Indonesians