CRI 184

JUVENILE DELINQUENCY
AND JUVENILE JUSTICE SYSTEM
RATIONALIZATION
1.They view crimes as a disease and can be treated
and cured only by establishing social intervention.
This concept is from ___.

A. Paren Patria
B. Child Saving Movement
C. Child stubborn Law
D. Medical Model

ANSWER D
2. These are factors that have been traced earlier as Youth
Services Programs, EXCEPT.

A. The police-based nature of the program.

B. The community-based nature of the program.
C. The use of counseling in a law enforcement setting.
D. The skills approach to training and treatment.

ANSWER: B
3. Tanggol repeatedly snatches, which turns out to be a
habit, and because of that he can’t avoid or escape in that
kind of work. What classification of delinquents Tanggol
will fall into?

A. Environmental -they are occasional law breakers.

B. Emotionally maladjusted
- they are youths who became delinquents due to mental illness or serious
C. Psychiatric emotional disturbances in the family.

D. Occasional -these delinquents participate in the group.

They do what others are doing.

ANSWER: B
4. This theory asserts that criminals are sensible
enough to carefully consider their options before
they act.

A. Routine Activity Theory

B. Lifestyle Theory
C. Rational Choice Theory
D. Positivist Theory

ANSWER: C
5. What kind of deterrence is imposed by the
delinquents or to those persons who committed a
crime.

A. General
B. Specific
C. Incapacitation
D. Individual

ANSWER: B
6. What do you call the group who are secretly
trained children to do illegal activities?

A. Unsocialized Aggression -children who are rejected or abandoned, no parents to

imitate and become aggressive.

B. Socialized Delinquency -membership is fraternities or groups that advocate bad

things
C. Over-inhibited
D. Conflagration -Stages of juvenile delinquent at around 15, four or more
types of crime are added.

ANSWER: C
7. Who is known as the father of prison reform?

A. John Howard
B. William Penn
C. Charles Montesquieu
D. Alexander Maconochie

ANSWER: A
8. The Four D's of juvenile justice are
Deinstitutionalization, Diversion, Decriminalization and
__________.

A. Deviance
B. Deterrence
C. Due Process
D. Detention

ANSWER: C
9. Akyat bahay gang and laglag barya gang is what
kind of characteristics of gang?

A. Organization
B. Leadership
C. Turf
D. Cohesiveness

ANSWER: A
10. Differentiate Physiognomy from Phrenology.

A. Physiognomy is the study of body and phrenology is the study

of mind.
B. Physiognomy is the study of facial features and phrenology is
the study of behavior
C. Physiognomy is the study of skull and phrenology is the study
of facial features
D. Physiognomy is the study of facial features and phrenology is
the study of the skull.

ANSWER: D
11. According to Article ___, Section 13 of the 1987
Philippine Constitution, the importance of the youth in
nation-building is acknowledged by the state.

Article I
Article II
Article III
Article IV

ANSWER: B
12. Juan has a mental illness and serious emotional
disturbance that makes him a delinquent. What kind
of delinquents Juan will fall for?

A. Occasional -these delinquents participate in the group.

They do what others are doing.
B. Psychiatric
C. Maladjusted rejection.
-they have “weak ego” the “asocial” experienced early and severe parental

D. Environmental -they are occasional law breakers.

ANSWER: B
13.Who are the proponents of Classical School
Theory?

A. Cesare Lombroso and Enrico Ferri

B. Cesare Beccaria and Jeremy Bentham
C. Cesare Lombroso and Jeremy Bentham
D. Cesare Beccaria and Enrico Ferri

ANSWER: B
14. At the age of 15 years old, Juan can commit shoplifting,
vandalism, theft, physical fighting, and etc. What stages of
delinquency will Juan fall?

A. Emergence -The child begins with petty larceny between 8 and sometime during the 12th year.
B. Exploration -Exploration. He or she then may move on to shoplifting and vandalism
between ages 12 to 14.
C. Explosion
D. Conflagration -at around 15, four or more types of crime are added.

ANSWER: C
 15. What do you think best describes the legal
principle, “Lex Talionis”?

A. Survival of the fittest

B. What you give is what you get
C. An eye for an eye
D. What you do will come back to you

ANSWER: C
16. What is considered as the father of the
state?

A. Parens Patriae
B. Patria Potestas - power of a power.

C. Lex talionis -an eye for an eye.

D. Puritans - child could be put to death for cursing his parents.

ANSWER: A
17.They are delinquents that show no remorse for
others and have an egocentric personality.

A. Psychotic Delinquents -compel

Their distorted view of reality and their delusional thoughts may
them to commit weird acts that violate the law.

B. Neurotic Delinquents -are youths who are kleptomania, shoplifters and pyromaniacs.
C. Socialized Delinquents -association
youths who became delinquent as a result of their social

D. Sociopathic Delinquents

ANSWER: D
18. In what year did the child begin to commit
petty larceny?

A. Between ages 12 to 14 - Shoplifting, vandalism

B. At the age of 13 -increase of seriousness

C. During the 12th year

D. At around 15 - more crimes are added

ANSWER: C
 19. This theory believes that those people who become
delinquent are under the influence of demonic possession.
What Theory best describes the statement above?

A. Biological
B. Psychological
C. Sociological
D. Supernatural

ANSWER: D
 20.Which of the following provide the four key
justifications for punishing delinquent individuals and
offenders EXCEPT.

A. General Deterrence
B. Specific Deterrence
C. Incapacitation
D. Rehabilitation

ANSWER: D
21. Anna gets her pleasure by starting a fire and
because of that she is considered a pyromaniac.
What types of Delinquent Youth does Anna portray?

A. Socialized Delinquent
B. Neurotic Delinquents
C. Sociopathic Delinquents
D. Psychotic Delinquents

ANSWER: B
 22.The classification of delinquents who commit the
most serious infractions and often sent to a correctional
institution.What classification of delinquents is being
described?

A. Maladjusted delinquents
B. Gang delinquents
C. Psychiatric delinquents
D. Occasional delinquents

ANSWER: B
23. What term do you use to describe the place
that a youth gang has seized as its own?

A. Gang's Neighborhood
B. Organization
C. Turf
D. Youth Colony

ANSWER: C
24. What theory believes that the root causes of
crime is through genes or can be inherited?

A. Biological
B. Psychological
C. Sociological
D. Supernatural

ANSWER: A
25. It argues that some crimes were brought by
factors beyond the offender's control.

A. Classical School
B. Neoclassical School
C. Positivist School
D. Hedonism

ANSWER: B
26. What body physique of Sheldon is most likely
to commit serious offenses?

A. Endomorph
B. Mesomorph
C. Ectomorph
D. None of the above

ANSWER: B
27. What theory believes people are not the same
wherein children and lunatics are not responsible for
their behavior as adults?

A. Classical
B. Positivist
C. Neo Classical
D. Modern Classical

ANSWER: C
28. Which of the following can be defined the word
“Juvenile”?

A. An individual who reached the age of 18 and above

B.A person who is considered an adult.
C. A person who has mental and emotional faculties not
fully developed.
D. An individual who can completely responsible for their
actions

ANSWER: C
29. What needs to be established as the
standard for juvenile adjudication proceedings?

A. Preponderance of evidence
B. Proof beyond reasonable doubt
C. Probable Cause
D. Substantial evidence

ANSWER: B
30. In order to execute a crime, a motivated
offender, suitable targets, and absence of a guardian is
needed. What kind of theory is that?

A. Rational Choice Theory

B. Routine Activity Theory
C. Differential Association Theory
D. Differential Opportunity Theory

ANSWER: B
31. What circumstances do children under the age of
seven cannot legally commit crime-they are
presumed to be not capable of having a guilty mind?

A. Justifying
B. Exempting
C. Mitigating
D. Aggravating

ANSWER: B
32. Under Stubborn Child Law, what will happen to
those children who disobeyed and defied their
parents?

A. Rehabilitate their behavior

B. Blame the parents
C. Punishment of death
D. Provide social intervention

ANSWER: C
33. What group believed that: “children were born good
and became bad”. Juvenile children were blamed in bad
environments and the best way to save children was to
get them out of bad homes and placed in good ones.

A. Child Saving Movement

B. Medical Models
C. Child Saver
D. Stubborn Child Law

ANSWER: A
34. What action is committed by the juvenile
and only adjudicated by juvenile courts?

A. Juvenile Crime
B. Criminal act
C. Status Offense
D. Deviant behavior

ANSWER: C
34. Jones was adjudicated in juvenile court and in
criminal court for only one and the same offense.
This is an example of ___.

A. Double Jeopardy
B. Fair labor
C. In re: Winship
D. In re Gault

ANSWER: A
35. Which of the following describes the differential association theory?

A. The delinquent behavior is shaped by experiences and other past

traumatic or frustrating events.
B. The delinquent behavior may be considered unacceptable by
outsiders but not by insiders.
C.The delinquent behavior is learned in interaction with others through
the process of communication.
D. The delinquent behavior is learned by modeling and imitating others
or by observing others in person

ANSWER: C
36. It consists of our primal instincts and desires.
Psychic energy that strives to satisfy basic needs
such as sex, eating and aggression.

A. Id
B. Ego
C. Superego
D. Conscience of man

ANSWER: A
37. Mr. B wants to graduate, but he searches for
alternative colleges where he can pay to graduate on time
because he is a lazy person.Which adaptation style does
Mr. B fit into?

A. Conformity
B. Innovation
C. Ritualism
D. Retreatism

ANSWER: B
38. According to this theory, our behavior and feelings are
strongly influenced by unconscious motives and conflicts
which are rooted in early childhood experiences, shaping
who you are.

A. Culture Deviance Theory

B. Psychoanalytical Theory
C. Labelling Theory
D. Conflict Theory

ANSWER: B
40. Ms. A has the feeling of guilty after taking even a
small amount or portion of someone else’s food,
even with permission. What part of personality wins?

A. Id
B. Superego
C. Conscience of man
D. Both B and C

ANSWER: D
41. “Tell me who your friends are and I will tell you
who you are." This proverb is best described as what
kind of social process theory?

A. Psychoanalytical Theory
B. Differential Association Theory
C. Strain Theory
D. Social reaction theory

ANSWER: B
42. Mr. A wants to commit a crime but because he is
afraid to destroy his relationship with his family, he
chooses not to commit a crime. What theory will fall in
the scenario above?

A. Social Control Theory

B. Social Reaction Theory
C. Culture Deviance Theory
D. Differential Association Theory

ANSWER: A
43. People from all social classes have the same
aspirations for success, but those from lower social
classes have fewer resources to do so. What kind of
theory is this?

A. Social Control theory

B. Cultural Deviance Theory
C. General Strain Theory
D. Differential Opportunity Theory

ANSWER: D
44. Evelyn was tagged by her community as a
"prostitute" because she always wears a crop top and
shorts. Due to that tag by her community, she just chose
to become a prostitute. What theory does Evelyn
portray?

A. Social Reaction Theory

B. Differential Association Theory
C. Differential Opportunity Theory
D. Culture Deviance Theory
ANSWER: A
45. Mr. A and Mr. B both graduated Cum Laude in college with
the same course BS Criminology. Mr. A’s father is currently the
City Police Director. Unfortunately, when they applied in PNP
Mr. A was hired as first priority compared to Mr. B. This
situation illustrates the theory of?

A. Social Disorganization theory

B. Differential Opportunity theory
C. Differential Association theory
D. Labeling theory

ANSWER: B
46. According to this theory children are basically good
only under pressure they deviate. Pressure for deviance
comes from their having internalized goals. The inability to
achieve those goals was considered as a driving factor
behind crime.

A. Psychoanalytical Theory
B. Culture Deviance Theory
C. Strain Theory
D. Labelling Theory

ANSWER: C
47. Which of the following is NOT part of David
Matza’s “Techniques of neutralization”?

A. Denial of Responsibility
B. Condemnation of the condemners
C. Appeal to Higher Authority
D. Exposure to negative stimuli

ANSWER: D
48. What does the social control theory propose
as the key factor in preventing deviant behavior?

A. Economic status
B. Strong social bonds
C. Political affiliation
D. Personal charisma

ANSWER: B
49. Which of the following is NOT part of
Travis Hirschi’s “Social Bond Theory”?

A. Attachment
B. Commitment
C. Interaction-INVOLVEMENT

D. Belief

ANSWER: C
50. Mr. A is caught by the security guard at the mall
shoplifting and argues that he did it because his friends say
so. What technique of neutralization does in the scenario?

A. Denial of Responsibility
B. Denial of Injury
C. Condemnation of the Condemners
D. Appeal to higher authority

ANSWER: B
51. Which of the following describes the “Denial of Injury”?

A. A person caught in a physical altercation might argue

that they were defending themselves.
B. In vandalism, the perpetrator said that the property
damage did not hurt anyone.
C. Someone caused alarm and scandal and said that the
drugs he took was the reason why he did it.
D. A person involved in illegal activity argues that they
are doing this to support their family.

ANSWER: B
52. Which among the following best describes the
Marxist-Feminist Theory?

A. Women and men are biologically different

B. Women’s criminality is a product of their biology,
C. Women experience double marginality
D. Women make them more deceitful than men.

ANSWER: C
53. Which idea holds that because women
merely cover up their criminality like a mask?

A. Atavistic girl
B. Inferiority girl
C. Unadjusted girl
D. Deceitful girl

ANSWER: D
54. These are the following describes the Marxist-Feminist
Theory EXCEPT.
A. Most crimes are “masculine” in nature; physical strength,
aggressiveness, and external proof of achievement are
facets of male personality.
B. Males control even illegitimate opportunities, and females
are relegated to subordinate roles even in criminal activities.
C. Women are subordinate and less powerful, they have fewer
opportunities to engage in serious crimes.
D. Women also are more likely to be “instigators” and men
“perpetrators” of crime.
- DECEITFUL GIRL

ANSWER: D
55. Anna is naturally childlike, less intelligent and
lacks passion, and because of that it makes her less
inclined to commit crimes. What female
delinquency theory describes the scenario?

A. Inferiority girl
B. Unadjusted girl
C. Deceitful girl
D. Atavistic girl
ANSWER: D
56. Marie felt jealous and envious of boys for
having penis because she thinks that boys are more
important than girls. What theory of female
delinquency describes the scenario above?

A. Inferiority girl
B. Unadjusted girl
C. Deceitful girl
D. Atavistic girl

ANSWER: A
57. What book published by Otto Pollak wherein he
argued that women are actually as criminal as men
but their criminality is hidden or masked?

A. The Criminality of Women

B. The Women’s Criminality
C. The Pollak’s Criminality of Women
D. The Study of Pollak in Criminality of Women

ANSWER: A
58. Which theory of female delinquency holds
that males are the perpetrator and women are
more prone to instigate them?

A. Inferiority girl
B. Unadjusted girl
C. Deceitful girl
D. Atavistic girl

ANSWER: C
59. Under Marxist-Feminist theory, what does
“Double Marginality '' mean?

A. Women are subordinate to both capitalists

and men.
B. Women are superior than men
C. Women are less powerful than men.
D. Women stand equal as men and capitalists.

ANSWER: A
60. According to Otto Pollak, women are actually as
criminal as men but their criminality is hidden or
“masked”. Why is it that women are more deceitful
than men?

A. Because of the physiological nature of women

B. Because of the biological nature of women
C. Because of the psychological nature of women
D. Because of the sociological nature of women

ANSWER: A
61. . According to Lombroso and Ferrero’s Atavistic
girl, female delinquents were only occasional
criminals. What does “occasional criminals" mean?

A. Crimes committed only by opportunity

B. Crimes committed only by planned
C. Crimes committed only by accident
D. Crimes committed only by reward

ANSWER: A
62. Which of the following are the factors
that cause juvenile delinquency?

A. Family Factors
B. Peer Factors
C. Social Factors -SCHOOL FACTORS
D. Individual Factors

ANSWER: C
63. What factors that cause juvenile delinquency
wherein mental health issues including disorder,
ADHD or abuse disorder?

A. School Factors
B. Community and Environmental Factors
C. Family Factors
D. Individual Factors

ANSWER: D
64. Which of the following best describe the School
Factors of Juvenile Delinquency?

A. Lack of educational opportunities and low academic

achievement.
B. Low academic engagement and performance.
C. Association with delinquent peers who engage in
criminal activities.
D. Unlimited access to recreational activities or positive
role models.

ANSWER: B
65. Which of the following best describes the
Family factors that cause juvenile delinquency?

A. Receive a love from your family

B. Engage and be participative with other people
C. Unable to supervise and guide by your parents
D. Not passing all your subjects in school.

ANSWER: C
66. ADHD mean?

A. Adenosine Deficit Hyperactivity Development

B. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
C. Attentive Dysfunction and Histrionic Disorder
D. Alternative Development and Histrionic
Diagnostic

ANSWER: B
67. Anna got failing grades and because of that,
people tend to bully her and make her drop out of
all her subjects. What factors of juvenile
delinquency does Anna fall into?

A. School Factors
B. Individual Factors
C. Peer influence
D. Family Factors

ANSWER: A
67. Anna got failing grades and because of that,
people tend to bully her and make her drop out of
all her subjects. What factors of juvenile
delinquency does Anna fall into?

A. School Factors
B. Individual Factors
C. Peer influence
D. Family Factors

ANSWER: A
68. Anna is a worker in a factory, she has
experience being controlled by the managers and
men. What kind of female delinquency describes
the scenario above?

A. Marxist-Feminist
B. Capitalist-Patriarchal
C. Marxist-Patriarchal
D. Capitalist-Feminist

ANSWER: A
68. Anna is a worker in a factory, she has
experience being controlled by the managers and
men. What kind of female delinquency describes
the scenario above?

A. Marxist-Feminist
B. Capitalist-Patriarchal
C. Marxist-Patriarchal
D. Capitalist-Feminist

ANSWER: A