Rizal Technological University

Chapter II

Dynamics of
Rigid Bodies

Engr. Nestor Competente

Professor
Reversed Effective Force
Newton’s Second Law of Motion

If the resultant force acting on a particle is not zero, the

particle will have an acceleration proportional to the
magnitude of the resultant and in a direction opposite of
this resultant forced. Sometimes this force is called
reversed effective force.
 D’Alembert’s Principle
d’Alembert’s principle, alternative form of Newton’s second
law of motion, stated by the 18th-century French polymath Jean
Le Rond d’Alembert. In effect, the principle reduces a problem
in dynamics to a problem in statics. The second law states that
the force F acting on a body is equal to the product of
the mass m and acceleration a of the body, or F = ma; in
d’Alembert’s form, the force F plus the negative of the
mass m times acceleration a of the body is equal to zero: F − ma =
0. In other words, the body is in equilibrium under the action of
the real force F and the fictitious force −ma. The fictitious force is
also called an inertial force and a reversed effective force.
A. Blocks moving on a B. Blocks moving on
horizontal motion. an inclined plane.

σ 𝐹x = m a N = W Cos θ T + F - W Sin θ = m a
P-F=ma F = 𝜇K N T + F - W Sin θ =
𝑤
𝑎
𝑔
C. Blocks attached
to pulleys.

𝑎
T - F - W1 Sin θ = m a T2 = 2 T 1 W 2 - T2 = m2
2

𝑤1 𝑎
T - F - W1 Sin θ = 𝑎 T2 = W2 - m2
𝑔 2

𝑤2 𝑎
T2 = W2 -
𝑔 (2)
 Sample Problems:

Example 1
Two tapered blocks A and B are at rest
in the position shown. If the
acceleration of A is 2 m/s² to the right,
calculate the acceleration of B.
Solution:
Two tapered blocks A and B are at rest in the position shown.
If the acceleration of A is 2 m/s² to the right, calculate the
acceleration of B.

0 𝑎2
tan 18 =
𝑎1
𝑎2 = 𝑎1 tan 180 = 2 tan 180 = 0.65 𝒎Τ𝒔𝟐
 Sample Problems:

Example 2
The system consisting of blocks A and B and the
weightless pulley C is pulled up by the constant 2.35 kN
force.

a. Determine the acceleration of B.

b. Determine the tension force in the cable joining A and B.
c. Determine the tension force in the cable joining B and C.
 Solution:
The system consisting of blocks A and B and the weightless pulley C is
pulled up by the constant 2.35 kN force.

Determine the following:

a. Determine the acceleration of B.

↑ + σ𝐹 = 𝑚𝑎
𝑚 𝑚
2350 N-120 kg (9.81 Τ𝑠2 ) – 60 kg (9.81 Τ𝑠2 )
= 60 a + 120 a
𝒎
a= 3.246 Τ𝒔𝟐
 Solution:
The system consisting of blocks A and B and the weightless pulley C is
pulled up by the constant 2.35 kN force.

Determine the following:

b. Determine the tension force in the cable joining A and B.

↑ +σ F = ma
↑ +σ F = 0 𝑇1 - 60kg (9.81 𝑚Τ𝑠2 ) -𝑇2 = 60a
2350 N - 𝑇1 = 0 1175N- 588.60 N - 𝑇2 = 60 (3.246)
𝑇1 = 1175 N 𝑇2 = 391.64 N
Solution:
The system consisting of blocks A and B and the weightless pulley C is
pulled up by the constant 2.35 kN force.

Determine the following:

c. Determine the tension force in the cable joining B and C.

↑ +σ F = ma
𝑚
𝑇2 + 𝑇3 -120kg (9.81 Τ𝑠2 ) = 120 a
𝑇3 = 120(3.246) + 1177.2 N- 391.64
𝑇3 = 1175 N
Note: 𝑻𝟑 𝐢𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐬𝐚𝐦𝐞 𝐚𝐬 𝑻𝟏
For next sample problem watch the video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VPjIpMV9-g4