2015-2

Yarmouk University
Hijjawi Faculty of Engineering Technology
Civil Engineering Department

CE 354

Fluid Mechanics & Hydraulic

(Laboratory Manual)

Dr. Randa Hatamleh

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 By Dr. Mohanned El-Slieriadeh & Husam A. Fakhouri

Experiment No.(3)

IMPACT OF A JET

Introduction:-

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one way of producing mechanical work from fluid under pressure is to use the pressure to
accelerate the fluid to a high velocity in a jet. The jet is directed on to the vanes of a turbine
wheel, which is rotated by the force generated on the vanes due to the momentum change or
impulse which takes place as the jet strikes the vanes. Water turbines, working on this impulse
principle, have been constructed with outputs of the order of 100,000 kW and with efficiencies

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greater than 90%.

In this experiment the force generated by a jet of water as it strikes a flat plate (J3=90°),

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120°-plate or a hemispherical cup may be measured and compared with the momentum flow
rate in the jet.

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Flat plate ([3=90°) 120°-plate 180°-Hemispherical plate
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Fig. (3-1)
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Description of Apparatus:-
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Fig. (3-2) shows the WEIGH'! PAN
AIR VEIH
arrangement in which the LEVEi. GAUGE

bench supply is led to a

vertical pipe terminating m a XNl/RLEO SCREWS

tapered nozzle. This produces

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a jet of water which impinges TOP Pl.AH,·

on a vane ,in the form of a

flat plate, 120°-plate, or a - - - - - NOZZLE
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hemispherical cup. The nozzle 0

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-: TANK
and vane are contained within
a transparent cylinder; at the
base of the cylinder there is
an outlet by which the flow
may be directed to a discharge
,.
Ol/TLET HOLES - ..__.::_):i'~;::.:==:::-- 2 BORE INLET PIPE
measuring tank.
ADJUST ABI.E FEET

Fig. (3-2)

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